Nthanthi Zotsekerezedwa: Kusiyanitsa Choonadi ndi Nthanthi

Chifukwa Chake Nkhani Zolakwika Zikufalikira ndi Mmene Tingalimbanirane Nazo

Pamene boma lachikale liimika [[FLT: 0] liimika [[FLT: 1] kapena kuchitika, anthu a ku America amayang'anizana ndi chidziŵitso chochuluka . ndi kusokeretsedwa kwa mbiri. Zofalitsa za anthu zimatulutsa mawu owopsa, kuulutsa nkhani zofulumira kuswa nkhani zawo, ndi andale kukonza nkhani zosimba za malo awo. M'chipwirikitichi cha mauthenga opikisana, nthano ndi malingaliro olakwika, kuyambitsa kupsa mtima kosayenerera, kupanga zosankha zoipa, ndi kulakwa. Kumvetsetsa chimene chili chowona ndi chimene sichili chokhudza boma kuletsa kuyendetsa nyengo zimenezi momvekera bwino m’malo mwa chisokosokosoko.

Kufalikira kwa boma lakutseka mabodza obisidwa sikuli chabe kukhumudwa . kuli ndi zotsatira zenizeni. Pamene anthu akhulupirira nthano zonena za kuzima, angawopseze kugula zakudya zokagula, kuchotsa njira zamankhwala zokhulupirira Medicare zidzaleka, kapena kupanga zosankha za ndalama zozikidwa pa malingaliro onyenga ponena za kupindulitsa.

Kumvetsa Chifukwa Chake Nthano Zikupitirirabe

Sayansi ya Kulankhulana Kovuta

Nthanthi zopanda pake zikufalikira mofulumira chifukwa chakuti zimagwira ntchito mbali zazikulu za psychology ya anthu. M’nthaŵi zosatsimikizirika, anthu amafunafuna mafotokozedwe osavuta a mavuto ocholoŵana. Kutsekedwa kwa boma, ndi malamulo ake ocholoŵana ndi ziyambukiro zosiyanasiyana, kukana mafotokozedwe osavuta. Kucholoŵana kumeneku kumapanga malo abwino a nthano zimene zimapereka umboni womveka bwino, ngati nthano, nkhani.

Kusankha kumene kumaletsa nthano kukuphatikiza:

• Kutsimikizira kukondera [: Anthu amakhulupirira chidziŵitso chotsimikizira malingaliro awo a ndale zadziko ponena za kuletsa ntchito
• Kupezeka kwa zinthu [: Nkhani zotseka zochititsa chidwi zimaoneka kukhala zofala kwambiri kuposa mmene zilili
• Tsankho la kusokonezeka kwa zinthu : Nkhani yoipa yonena za kutseka imafalikira mofulumira kuposa lipoti loyenera
• Chizoloŵezi cha kugwirizanitsa : Malamulo ovuta kutseka amachepetsedwa kukhala malongosoledwe osalondola

Kutsatira ndale

Ulaliki wa mawu achinsinsi pomafafaniza kaŵirikaŵiri umaika patsogolo kukopa pa kulondola. Magulu onse aŵiriwo ali ndi zifukwa zosinjirira kapena kuchepetsa ziyambukiro zopimira kudalira pa malo awo oyenerera:

• Andale zadziko ofunafuna mphamvu akukuza zotulukapo zoletsa ntchito
• Awo amene amaimbidwa mlandu wa kuletsa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu amachepetsa kusokonezeka
• Magulu achidwi amakulitsa ziyambukiro zoyambukira ntchito zawo
• Nthaŵi zina nkhani za m’manyuzipepala ndi za m’manyuzipepala zimaika patsogolo nkhani zapadera zimene zalembedwa mosinthasintha

Kutumiza mauthenga kwa ndale zadziko kumeneku kumapanga malo kumene [[FL:0] mfundo zotsutsika ndi nthano zimavuta kwambiri kwa nzika wamba kusiyanitsa.

Kuchepetsa Kulankhulana ndi Anthu pa Intaneti

Kuthamanga ndi kufika kwa [[FLT: 0] kwa manyuzi a zachikhalidwe panthaŵi ya boma imaletsa kuchititsa nthano kufalikira:

• Zonena zonama zinafalikira mofulumira kuŵirikiza kasanu ndi kamodzi kuposa chidziŵitso chowona pa maprogramu a manyuzi
• Kulingalira za kuletsa ntchito kumayambitsa pangano lalikulu kuposa loona
• Mabuleki osokoneza bongo amakulitsa nkhani zoletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinyama
• Zipinda zokhala ndi mawu olankhula zimalimbikitsa nthano za anthu amene ali ngati anthu otengeka maganizo

M’chaka cha 2018 mpaka 2019, ofufuza anapeza kuti anthu ambiri amene ankanamizira kuti apeza ndalama zogulira katundu, anachuluka kuwirikiza ka 10 kuposa mmene boma limachitira zinthu.

Nthano 1: "Chilichonse Chimaima" – – Boma Lokwanira Lotsekedwa

Nthanthi

Imodzi ya boma losatha imazima nthano ikunena kuti madongosolo onse a boma amaleka mwamsanga pamene ndalama zalephera. Makampani a zaunyinji amalengeza "THE GARTY IS PERD" pamene nzika zothedwa nzeru zilingalira za kugwa kotheratu kwa mautumiki a boma, kuyambira kutetezera kwa nkhondo kufikira kutumiza makalata.

Zenizeni

Zimene zimachitikadi pa kuzima n’zomveka kwambiri. Mabungwe a Federal ayenera kusiyanitsa pakati pa "astereal" ndi "osatsalira" ntchito zozikidwa pa miyezo ingapo:

Mautumiki a zachuma amene akupitirizabe [ akuphatikizapo:

• Uchinjirizo wa dziko : Oyang'anira asilikali amapitirizabe ntchito (opanda malipiro kufikira ndalama zitayambiranso)
• Kutetezeka kwa Thupi : FBI, DEA, ATF, Boma la Patrol , Utumiki Wachinsinsi ukupitirizabe
• Kulamulira kayendedwe ka ndege : Oyang'anira ntchito popanda malipiro kuti asunge chitetezo cha ndege
• chisamaliro chapadera [1]: Zipatala za VA , yankho lamwadzidzidzi la CDC, Kusamalira wodwala kukupitiriza
• Malo a maziko a zinthu : mphamvu zamagetsi, madamu, malo a nyukiliya amasungitsa ntchito
• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• Magulu a PRIson : Ndende za Federal zidakali zogwira ntchito mokwanira
• Chisungiko cha Sacial: Pindulani ndi kugaŵira kopitirizabe (kosiyana)
• Kupereka makalata : USPS imagwiritsira ntchito ndalama zake, zosakhudzidwa ndi kutsekedwa

[[MLENGO:0] Mapikipi amene amaimitsa kapena kuchepetsa [[Kusintha:1]:

• Mapaki a zachilengedwe ndi zipilala (zipinda za nyumba zosungiramo zinthu)
• Kukonza njira yodutsa palesitiketi (kusiyapo ngozi)
• Mautumiki a okhometsa msonkho ndi zoyendera (kusiyapo mafomu okonzera)
• Kukonza ndalama za ngongole za Federal (FA, SBA, USDA)
• Milandu ya kukhoti yozenga milandu (kusiyapo milandu imene anaimanga)
• Malo osungiramo zinthu zakale za kuderali ndiponso malo a chikhalidwe
• Kufufuza kopanda chizembera m’boma
• Kufufuza ndi kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zachitikadi

Chifukwa Chake Zimenezi Zili Zofunika

Kuzindikira [[FLT: 0] ndi mautumiki otani amene amapitirizabe pamene kutsekedwa kumaletsa mantha osafunikira ndi kuthandiza nzika kulinganiza bwino. Mwachitsanzo, kudziŵa kuti kuyendetsa ndege kukupitirizabe kungalimbikitse apaulendo, pamene kuli kwakuti kuzindikira kuti kuchedwa kwa mapasipoti kumathandiza anthu kugwiritsa ntchito mwamsanga ulendo wa m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

Anthu Amene Anachita Zinthu Zina

Mkati mwa kuzima kwamwambo:

• Pafupifupi Antchito a boma 850,000 amakokoloka
• Ntchito ina 450,000 [1] popanda malipiro monga "opanda" antchito
• Pafupifupi 75% ya boma la boma la boma yakhala kale yoyenerera ndi yopitirizabe mwachibadwa
• 25% ya boma kwenikweni imayang'anizana ndi ziyambukiro zoletsa

Nthanthi 2: "Ogwira Ntchito Apsa ndi Moto" . . Chisungiko cha Ntchito Chikupimira

Nthanthi

Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti antchito angozi panthaŵi ya kuzima mwamsanga amataya ntchito zawo, kuchotsedwa ntchito kwachikhalire, kapena kuti ayenera kupeza ntchito yatsopano. Mitu yankhani yosangalatsa ya antchito pafupifupi [800,000] inatumiza kunyumba" mantha a kuchotsa mabomba a boma.

Zenizeni

Mfundo zamphamvu za antchito [ zimavumbula nkhani ina:

Antchito oletsedwa amaikidwa m'mikhalidwe yosakhala ya kanthaŵi, yosalipira:

• Iwo adakali antchito a boma ndipo amatetezedwa ndi ntchito
• Osagwira ntchito, ngakhale modzifunira, mkati mwa liŵiro
• Ndalama zimene anthu amawononga (zikuchuluka)
• Bwererani ntchito mwamsanga pamene ndalama zipitiriza
• M’mbiri yakale amalandira malipiro onse amene anachotsedwapo panthaŵi ina

[[ML:0] Antchito ochotsedwa [ ayenera kugwira ntchito popanda malipiro:

• Chitani ntchito zofunika pamene mutseka
• Landirani ma IOU m’malo mwa macheke a malipiro
• Musachoke kapena kudwala kusiyapo zamwadzidzidzi
• Analonjeza kuti adzabweza ndalama akadzabwereranso
• Kuyang’ana kulangidwa ngati sakuuza ena kuti agwire ntchito

Kusiyana Koipa

Makampani omanga a m'dziko pamene amazima amayang'anizana ndi mikhalidwe yowopsa mowonadi:

• Palibe chitsimikizo cha malipiro a ntchito yotaika
• Makampani angalepheretse antchito kugwira ntchito
• Mabizinesi aang’ono angalephere kuyendetsedwa popanda ndalama
• Kusintha zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito m’thupi sikumathetsa zinthu zimene zawonongeka
• Ambiri amafuna ntchito ina ndipo sabwerera

Kusiyana kumeneku nkofunika kwambiri: pamene kuli kwakuti antchito a boma amayang’anizana ndi mavuto akanthaŵi, omanga kaŵirikaŵiri amayang’anizana ndi kutaikiridwa kosatha.

Kubwezera M’mbuyo Kwathu Kunachitika Kale

Gawo limatsekereza kubwezera mbiri yolipirira:

• Kuimitsa kulikonse chiyambire 1976 kwaphatikizapo malipiro a antchito a boma
• 2019 lamulo linatsimikizira malipiro odzifunira kaamba ka kuletsa kwa mtsogolo
• Mabungwe a antchito a boma anaimbidwa mlandu mwachipambano kaamba ka zowonongedwa zoposa malipiro
• Anthu ena ogwira ntchito anavulazidwa kaŵiri chifukwa cha malamulo a zauchigaŵenga a Fair Labor Standard Act

Mfundo Yoona ya Ndalama kwa Antchito

Ngakhale kuti potsirizira pake malipiro akubwerera, [[FLT: 0] antchito ovutika ndi ndalama pamene akuzima ndi enieni:

• 78 peresenti ya anthu a ku America amalipira ndalama, kuphatikizapo antchito a boma
• Ngongole ya khadi langongole imawonjezera avareji ya $3,0005,000 mkati mwa kuletsa kwa nthaŵi yaitali
• Kuchedwa kulipira lendi kumachititsa kuti anthu ambiri azipeza ndalama zambiri
• Zopereka zopuma pantchito ndi kuimitsa ndalama
• Kupanikizika m’banja kumawonjezera mavuto modetsa nkhaŵa

Nthano 3: "Chisungiko ndi Medicas Amaima"

Nthanthi

Mwinamwake nthanthi yowopsa kwambiri [[FLT: 0] yonena za Chisungiko cha Social imanena kuti kupima kumapindulitsa pamene boma likuletsa. Nzika zokalamba zimaopa, kukhulupirira kuti magwero awo aakulu a ndalama adzatha. Mantha ofananawo amazungulira Medicare, Medicaid, ndi mapindu a anthu a m'nthaŵi za nkhondo.

Zenizeni

Chisungiko cha Boma panthaŵi ya kutsekedwa [[FLT: 1] chikupitiriza mosasokonezeka chifukwa chakuti ndalama zolipiriridwa za ilo mwa mapempho achikhalire ndi ndalama zoikizira, osati mapulogalamu a chaka ndi chaka:

[[FUL:0] Mazambuku amene amapitirizabe [[MMPHAMVU 1]:

• Kupuma pampando wa Chisungiko
• Kupunduka kwa Chisungiko kumapitirizabe mwachibadwa
• [[ML:0] Medicare zofuna kukonza ndi kulipira zikupitirizabe
• Medicaid ya boma yogwirizana ndi ndalama zoyendera kupita ku maboma
• Kupunduka [[FT: 1] kupitiriza
• [[MLT:0] Zidindo za chakudya (SNAP) kwenikweni zimapitiriza kwa masiku 30+ ndalama za sunga
• Inshuwalansi ya kusagwira ntchito (yotumikira yochokera kudziko) ikupitiriza

Zimene zingayambukiridwe [:

• Ma pulogalamu atsopano angachedwe
• Mafoni a pafoni angafunike kuwadikirira kwa nthawi yaitali
• Maofesi a m’munda angatseke kapena kuchepetsa maola
• Kupindula ndi makalata otsimikizira kungachedwe
• Kuwakopa kapena kuwamva kungachedwetse
• Oloŵa m’malo makadi angatenge nthaŵi yaitali

Chitetezo cha Ndalama Zoikidwiratu

Chifukwa chake Chisungiko cha Mayanjano chimapulumuka kuletsedwa kwa ntchito [[FLT: 1]:

• Operekedwa mwa kukhoma misonkho yoperekedwa, osati ndalama zonse
• Ndalama zoikizira zimakhala ndi madola 2.9 biliyoni m’mabungwe osungiramo zinthu
• Kungomva mawu osatha kwa nthaŵi zonse chiyambire 1935
• Makompyuta amapangidwa mwachangu kuti agaŵane bwino
• Limenelo la lamulo la kulipira mapindu likupitirizabe

Mkhalidwe Wapadera wa Medicare

Medicas panthaŵi yozimika imagwira ntchito mofanana:

• Mbali A (monga) ndi Mbali B (mankhwala) zimafuna njira yozoloŵereka
• Gawo D (lolembedwa) limapitirizabe monga maprogramu aumwini
• Zolinganiza za Mapeto zimagwira ntchito bwino
• Kulembetsa kochepa kungachedwetsedwe
• Utumiki wochita maatomu umachepetsa koma sumaleka

Chiyambukiro Chenicheni pa Malonda a Anthu

Pamene mapindu akupitirizabe, [[FLT: 0] ziyambukiro zogwetsedwa pa phindu la olandira zimaphatikizapo:

• Kuthetsa mavuto movuta
• Kuchedwa m’ma adiresi kapena m’banki
• Kutsimikiza mtima kwa kupunduka kwa nthaŵi yaitali
• Ngati simupezanso makadi ena
• Kuchepetsa kufufuza kwachinyengo ndi kutetezera

Nthanthi 4: "Kulephera Kusunga Ndalama"

Nthanthi

Andale ndi othirira ndemanga ena amanena kuti boma limatseka ndalama mwa kuchepetsa kuwononga ndalama kwa boma, kudula zinyalala, ndi kukakamiza chilango cha makampani. Nthano imeneyi ikupereka lingaliro lakuti kuletsa kuli mankhwala opweteka koma ofunika kaamba ka kupereŵera kwa bajeti.

Zenizeni

Ndalama zowonongedwa ndi boma kupitirira kuchepetsa kwa kanthaŵi kochepa kowonongedwa:

Mtengo wa mtengo umaphatikizapo [

• Kubwereranso kumalipiro a antchito ofoleredwa ndi zipinda omwe sanagwire ntchito
• Malipiro opita patsogolo a antchito olembedwa pa foni
• Kusintha ndi Kupereka Zilango
• Ndalama zotayika zochokera ku mautumiki otsekedwa
• Kukwera mtengo kwa maulamuliro potseka/kuyambitsanso njira

Ndalama zosadziŵika zimawonjezera chivulazo :

• Kulephera kugwira ntchito kumachititsa mabiliyoni ambiri
• Kupereka msonkho kwa nthaŵi yochepa
• Kutsika kwa kukwera kwa chuma m’tsogolo
• Kubwereka ndalama zambiri pa ngongole
• Kutayikiridwa kwanthaŵi zonse kwa mautumiki ovomerezedwa

Manambala Sanama

Kusanthula kwa mtengo [ kuchokera ku magwero ambiri:

2013 Otsekeka (masiku)[[FL:1]:

• Mtengo: Ndalama zotulutsidwa m’zachuma zokwana madola 24 biliyoni
• Kukula kwa GDP kotayika: 0.6%
• Ndalama zowonongedwa pa Federal: $2 biliyoni pa zowonongedwa zachindunji
• IRS inatayika: $4 biliyoni m’kubweza msonkho mochedwetsa

2018-2019 Otseka (masiku 35)[[FL:1]

• CBO inayerekezera kuti inawononga ndalama zokwana madola 1 biliyoni
• Kutayikiridwa kosatha: Madola mamiliyoni zikwi zitatu sanapezedwenso
• Ndalama zowonongedwa ndi boma: $4 biliyoni
• Malipiro a alendo otayika: $100 miliyoni

Chifukwa Chake Kutsekeka Kumawonjezera Kuwononga Ndalama

Mmene kutsekera kumawonjezera ndalama za boma :

1. Kukonzekera mtengo [: Zofuna zawononga mamiliyoni ambiri akukonzekera kutseka
2. Njira zothetsera ntchito [[FLT:]
3. yambitsaninso zowonongedwa : Kubweza makompyuta a pa Intaneti kumafuna zambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito kopitirizabe
4. Kuwonjezera opareshoni [1]: Kuchotsa ziŵiya zothandizira kumbuyo kumafuna malipiro a otaimu odula
5. [[Nkhani:0] Zilango zovomerezeka [[Kuphwanya: 1]: Kuswa mapangano kumadzetsa zilango ndi kutayikiridwa kwa lamulo
6. Kubweza mtengo wa ntchito kumakhala ndi ndalama zambiri kuposa kungoikumbukira
7. Kulephera kwa seminale : Kukonza kwa nthaŵi yaitali kumakonza zinthu zamwadzidzidzi

Nthanthi Yokhutiritsa

Kodi kuletsa kumapanga boma kukhala logwira ntchito? Umboni umasonyeza zosiyana:

• Makampani apeza zinthu zofunikira poyembekezera kutsekeredwa kwa zinthu
• Antchito oberedwa amapita kuntchito zachinsinsi
• Kukonzekera kwanthaŵi yaitali kumakhala kosatheka ndi kutsekereza
• Maprojekiti a kukonzanso ndi amakono amachotsedwa
• Anthu ogwira ntchito amene achoka panyumba sadziwanso za makampani

Ofesi ya Management and Baccount inapeza kuti mabungwe 15 - 20% sagwira ntchito bwino m’zaka zambiri chifukwa cha kusokonezeka ndi kukayikira.

Nthanthi 5: "Ogwira Ntchito a Federal Amamva Kuyambukiridwa"" – Chiphoso cha Kudzipatula

Nthanthi

Ambiri amakhulupirira [[FLT: 0] ziyambukiro za kugwedezeka zikutsalabe kwa antchito a boma ndi Washington D.C., popanda chiyambukiro chochepa pa miyoyo ya anthu wamba a ku Amereka.

Zenizeni

Amene ayambukiridwa ndi boma kuletsa [1] amafikira kutali kwa antchito a boma:

Kusintha ziyambukiro za mbali yaumwini [:

• Omanga nyumba a boma 3.7 miliyoni amataya ndalama
• Makampani opanga maulendo amataya $185 miliyoni tsiku lililonse
• Mabizinesi aang’ono pafupi ndi malo a boma amataya 30 - 50% ya ndalama
• Ndege zimayang’anizana ndi mamiliyoni ambiri pamtengo wochedwa
• Mahotela ndi malesitilanti m’midzi yopita ku malo oloŵera ku malo ogona amawononga zinthu

[[ML:0] Mafunde a zachuma osadziŵika [1]

• Ndalama zowonongedwa zimatsika m’madera olemera kwambiri
• Kuchedwa kugulitsa zinthu zapanyumba popanda kulinganiza ngongole za boma
• Kugula zinthu pakampani yogulitsa zinthu pakampani kumakhudza ndalama zimene anthu amasunga akapuma pantchito
• Kusintha kwa malonda kumachitika m’mbuyo chifukwa cha kusatsimikizirika
• Maboma ndi ndalama za msonkho za kumaloko zikutsika

Kufalikira kwa Malo Ozungulira

Makhomuni oyambukiridwa kwambiri ndi kuzima :

Shashington D.C. Metro (15% ntchito ya boma):

• Kuwonongeka kwa chuma kwa $200 miliyoni mlungu uliwonse
• 30% Kutsika kwa ndalama za malonda m’mizinda
• Madongosolo a kasupe amataya $500,000 patsiku
• Kugulitsa nyumba kumazizira

[[Nthambi:0] Magulu a ashifiti [ amayang'anizana ndi mavuto apadera:

• Bakidwa ndi commission imatseka kapena kuchepetsa ntchito
• Mautumiki ausilikali ochirikiza banja aima
• Mabizinesi a m’derali amalandidwa malo a asilikali
• Omanga ocheperapo anachotsedwa ntchito

Matauni a paki ya National port akuvutika mwamsanga:

• 80% ya ndalama zimene zawonongeka m’nyengo zapamwamba
• Mabizinesi a m’nyengo yozizira sangabwererenso
• Ntchito imatsika 25 - 40%
• Mitengo ya katundu imatsika ndi kuzima kobwerezabwereza

Ziyambukiro Zapadera za Maindasitale

Mainstrust oyambukiridwa kwambiri ndi kuzima :

Kusintha [1]: Ngakhale kuti ntchito zikupitirizabe, nkhope:

• Njira yatsopano yolola njirayo imachedwa kuwonongetsa mamiliyoni ambiri
• Kuzengereza kwa ntchito yopanga ndege
• Kuchedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa anthu
• Kukambirana kwa mgwirizano kwa mayiko akunja kukuimitsidwa

[[ML:0] Kusamalira [1] : Kupyola Medicaid

• Kuzengereza kwa mankhwala ogodomalitsa a FDA, kowonongetsa ndalama mabiliyoni ambiri
• MAKHWALA ofufuza milandu a ku Spain amasiya kuwerenga
• Matenda a CDC amafooketsa
• Utumiki wa Zaumoyo wa ku India umachepetsa maopaleshoni

Kukonda chikhalidwe [1]: America wa kumidzi amamva kupweteka:

• Malipiro a pa famu amaimika
• Tholera lipoti lakuti misika yotsogolera imaleka
• Kuchedwa kupereka chithandizo pa ngozi
• Zikalata zotumizira alendo zimaimitsa malonda a mayiko

Kachipangizo ka zasayansi : Kusintha kumachititsa pang'onopang'ono kudzera:

• Mapulogalamu a Patant
• Ofufuza akupereka chiwiya chozizira
• Kuchedwa kuvomereza malamulo
• Mavuto a chikalata chopezera munthu ufulu wochita zinthu m’mayiko ena

Nkhani Zenizeni Zokhudza Kufalikira kwa Dziko Lonse

Mkati mwa kutsekedwa kwa 2019:

• Mafakitale ofulula mowa satha kutulutsa manyowa atsopano popanda kuvomereza TB
• Anthu okwatirana amachedwetsa ukwati wawo pamalo osungira maluwa
• Anthu ogula nyumba anataya ndalama zimene anasunga pamene ngongole za FHA sizinathe kugwira ntchito
• Asodzi sankagwira ntchito popanda chilolezo cha Dipatimenti Yoona za Malonda
• Mafuko a Eni America analandidwa chithandizo cha boma cha zaumoyo

Bodza 6: “Kulephera Kusintha Maganizo Nthaŵi Zonse N’kofupika ”

Nthanthi

Ena amalingalira kuti boma limatseka utali wa [[FLT: 1] imalondola njira zotsimikizirika, zokhala masiku oŵerengeka kufikira andale zadziko atafika pololera. Nthano imeneyi imatsogolera ku kulephera kwa kutseka kowonjezereka.

Zenizeni

Mbiri imasonyeza kusiyana kwakukulu:

Kutha kwa nthaŵi ya mbiri :

• Chachidule: Tsiku 1 (zichitika zambiri)
• La wautali: Masiku 35 (208 - 2019)
• Avareji: masiku 8
• Mtolankhani: masiku 3
• Kusintha kwa Zinthu: Kuzimiririka kwaposachedwapa kwanthaŵi yaitali

Kusanthula kwa m’mimba kuvumbula [:

• Chaka cha 1999 chisanafike: Malo ambiri otsekedwa pasanathe masiku atatu
• Pambuyo pa 19995: Avareji ya kutalika inawonjezeka kufika masiku 14
• Zaka za zana la 21: Mabomba atatu oletsa kutsekedwa anapitirira milungu iŵiri
• Kugwirizana kwa Malo: Kuletsa kwanthaŵi yaitali ndi boma logawanika

Zochititsa Kuzengereza

Chimene chimapangitsa kuimika utali :

mfundo zachikhumbo [:

• Boma logaŵanika limawonjezera utali wa nthaŵi 3x
• Zaka za chisankho cha pulezidenti zidzakhala ndi kutsekedwa kwachidule
• Mapulani a nthaŵi yoyamba amatsekeredwa kwa nthaŵi yaitali
• Kusinthasintha kwa maganizo kungachititse kuti maganizo a anthu asinthe mwamsanga kapena achedwetse

[[FL:0] Zitsenderezo zachuma [:

• Kutsika kwa makampani ogulitsa zinthu kumakakamiza anthu kukonza zinthu mwamsanga
• Nyengo za tchuthi za maulendo zimapanga changu
• Nthaŵi yokhometsa misonkho imachititsa kuti anthu azipanikizika
• Zinthu zachuma zimathandiza kuti pakhale nthawi yabwino yochitira zinthu

[[FULT:0] zochitika za ku PNG :

• Masoka achilengedwe angapangitse kuti anthu ayambenso kuonekera
• Mavuto apadziko lonse angafune kuti athetsedwe
• Ziwopsezo za uchigaŵenga zinatha kale kuletsa ntchito
• Zinthu zodetsa nkhaŵa za thanzi la anthu onse

Vuto la Kuchuluka kwa Madzi

Chifukwa chake kutseka kukutalikirapo :

• Kudziwa zinthu bwinobwino kumachititsa kuti asamadabwe kwambiri
• Maziko opereka mphoto
• Manyuzipepala ndi manyuzipepala zimachepetsa ndalama
• Kuwononga chuma kumafuna nthaŵi kuti zinthu ziyambe kuoneka ngati zatheka
• Malipiro a kumbuyo a kuchepetsa chitsenderezo cha antchito

Asayansi andale zadziko amadziŵikitsa “kutopa kopambanitsa" kumene chisamaliro cha anthu chimachepa pambuyo pa masiku 10 - 14, kuwonjezera kutopa kwa ndale zadziko.

Nthanthi 7: "Nkhondo Yankhondo Ileka Kulandira Malire" – Funso la Kutetezera

Nthanthi

Malipiro ankhondo ofalikira [[FLT: 0] pamene akuimika nthanthi amanena kuti ziŵalo za utumiki zimataya mwamsanga malipiro pamene boma litseka, kusiya mabanja ankhondo opanda ndalama pamene asilikali otumizidwawo akutumikira popanda kulipiridwa.

Zenizeni

Malipiro anthaŵi yozimika amatsatira malamulo ovuta amene adasinthika patapita nthaŵi:

C kakonzedwe kamakono ka malamulo :

• Ntchito yausilikali iyenera kupitiriza kutumikira
• Pasulo limapitirizabe ngati kuletsa kulibe malipiro
• Patulani mochedwa ngati kuimika kupitirira 1 kapena 15
• Kupereka Usilikali wa 2013 Kunatipatsa chitetezo
• Malamulo aposachedwapa amayesa kupitiriza kupereka malipiro a asilikali

[[FULT:0] Zimene kwenikweni zimachitika [:

• Anthu a mu utumiki amagwira ntchito mosadodometsedwa
• Kulipira ndalama kumafika mwachibadwa kaamba ka kutsekedwa kwachidule
• Kuletsa madzi owonjezera kukhoza kuchedwa pakati pa mwezi kapena kuchedwa malipiro a mwezi
• Nthaŵi zina mapindu a imfa achedwetsa
• Malamulo ndi mapangano angatseke

Madongosolo Ochirikiza Mabanja a Nkhondo

Thandizo la banja laching'ono pamene likuzima :

• Navy-Merine Corps Nhlangano wa Chithandizo umapereka ngongole zaulere
• Chithandizo cha Nkhondo Yamsanga chimapereka chithandizo chofananacho
• Gulu la Aid ausilikali a m’mlengalenga limathandiza mabanja
• Kuthandizana kwa Olondera M’mphepete mwa Nyanja Kumathandiza Olonda
• Mabanki ndiponso maukwati a ngongole nthawi zambiri amapereka zinthu zapadera

Chiyambukiro cha Makhalidwe

Pamene kuli kwakuti malipiro amafika potsirizira pake, [[FL:0] makhalidwe ankhondo pamene amazima imavutika:

• Mabanja 65 pa 100 alionse a asilikali amakhala ndi ndalama zolipirira
• Kuchepetsako nkhaŵa kumawonjezera nkhaŵa ya zachuma
• Nthawi zambiri ntchito ya mnzathu wa muukwati siingatheke pafupi ndi nyumba zake
• Ndalama zowonongedwa pa kusamalira ana zimapitirizabe popanda malipiro
• Malipiro a kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu amatsika pambuyo pa kuzimitsidwa

Nthanthi 8: "Mautumiki a Chigawo Akuyambukiridwa"" – Funso la Chipwirikiti la Federali

Nthanthi

Nzika zambiri zimakhulupirira boma la boma pamene likutseka , kuyambukira mapaki a boma, maofesi a DMV, mayunivesite a boma, ndi apolisi akumaloko.

Zenizeni

State vs system bs ziyambukiro za boma zopinga zitsala zosiyana kwambiri:

Mautumiki adziko amene amapitirizabe mwachibadwa:

• Mapaki a boma ndi malo osangalalira
• Laisensi ya oyendetsa galimoto ndi kulembetsa galimoto
• Mayunivesite a boma ndi makoleji
• Apolisi a m’deralo ndiponso madipatimenti ozimitsa moto
• Maofesi a ulova
• Sukulu za boma (K-12)
• Makhoti a boma ndi makhoti
• Makampani othandizira anthu ovutika kusoŵa mankhwala

Kumene kutseka kwa boma kumayambukira maboma:

• Maprogramu a boma alephera kupereka ndalama
• Mayiko a ziŵerengero za masamu a chigawo amadalira
• Zinthu za chigawo cha boma zogwirizanitsidwa zingatseke
• Kuchedwa kupereka ndalama zothandizira munthu amene wadwala ndi kulipira ndalama
• Malo oletsa ntchito za boma kuima

Nkhani ya Paipi Yopereka Ndalama

Mmene ndalama zaunyinji zimafikirira maboma zimapangitsira ziyambukiro zochedwetsa:

• Maprogramu ambiri a boma amadalira pa ndalama za boma 20-35% za bajeti ya boma)
• Ndalama za m’misewu yaikulu zingachedwetsedwe, zikumayambukira kumanga
• Mapeto a ndalama za m’manja a medicaid ankatha kuchedwa atawatseka pang’onopang’ono
• Ndalama zothandizira maphunziro zikupitirizabe koma zatsopano zimapatsa mphamvu
• Kuthandiza anthu pakagwa tsoka

Maboma okhala ndi nyengo yabwino amaletsa bwino kusiyana ndi amene amapanga bajeti yochuluka. Mwachitsanzo, California ikhoza kukhala ndi maprogramu odzisangalatsa kwa miyezi ingapo, pamene maboma onga Louisiana angamve kuti zinthu zikusintha m’milungu yochepa.

Nthano 9: "Malonda Odzitetezera Sakuyambukiridwa" . Nthanthi ya Kudzipatula Kwachuma

Nthanthi

Ena amakhulupirira mbali yaumwini pamene boma likutseka [1] ikupitiriza mwachibadwa chifukwa makampani aumwini sadalira pa ndalama za boma.

Zenizeni

Amalonda akutseka ziyambukiro za mafunde m'zachuma zonse:

Drectation progation:

• Makampani omanga nyumba awononga ndalama zokwanira $200 miliyoni tsiku lililonse
• Kulandira malamulo n’kofunika kwambiri kuti anthu mabiliyoni ambiri achedwe
• Malamulo a boma ogula zinthu sazizira
• Makampani osamalira malo a boma amaimitsa ntchito
• Kukonza njira zotetezera makampani omanga nyumba kumaima

Zotsatirapo za msika mosalunjika:

• Kudalira anthu ogula zinthu kumachepetsa mfundo 10 mpaka 15
• Kuchedwa kwa bizinesi chifukwa cha kusatsimikizirika
• Makampani opanga maulendo amataya $185 miliyoni tsiku lililonse
• Misika ya zachuma ikuwonjezeka
• Ndalama za bizinesi zazing’ono sizipezeka popanda SBA

Kufufuza za Mabomba a Mafakitale

Indasitale ya mankhwala : FDA imavomereza kuimitsa mtengo:

• Tsiku lililonse ndalama zokwana madola 12 miliyoni pa ochedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Kuzengereza kwa zinthu zachilengedwe
• Mavuto a mpikisano wa mayiko onse
• Kusokonezeka kwa nthaŵi yofufuza

[[FLT :0] chigawo cha aerospace [1]: Pambuyo pa mapangano otetezera:

• Ndege zimachedwa kunyamula zikalata zotsimikizira kuti ndege yatsala pang’ono kuuluka
• Kutsekereza zilolezo za masetilaiti
• Kusintha kayendedwe ka ndege kumachedwetsa
• Kugulitsa zinthu m’mayiko ambiri kofuna malaisensi ogulitsa ku mayiko ena kumazizira

Kuyang'ana kwa makampani a zasayansi

• Kuchedwa kwa H-1B kuchepetsa njira yopangira vhisa
• Zilolezo za apart
• Ntchito ya boma ichedwa
• Kukayikira zoti anthu atsatira malamulo awo

Nthano 10: "Makomiti Aleka Ntchito" – [1] Chilungamo SSel System Warbacy

Nthanthi

Anthu kaŵirikaŵiri amakhulupirira makhoti a milandu pamene amatseka kotheratu, kuimitsa milandu, kumasula akaidi, ndi kukana chilungamo kwa nzika.

Zenizeni

Mmene makhoti a boma amagwirira ntchito pozimitsira :

Yoyamba 2-3 milungu : Makhoti amagwira ntchito mwachibadwa pogwiritsira ntchito ndalama zosungira:

• Ziyeso za apandu zikupitirizabe
• Milandu ya anthu ikupitiriza
• Oweruza akupitirizabe kugwira ntchito (kuteteza boma)
• Khoti lija limachita zinthu mogwirizana ndi malamulo ake

Matsiriziro oletsedwa : Pambuyo pa zosungiramo utsi:

• Milandu ya apandu ikupitirizabe (zofunika m’malamulo)
• Milandu ya anthu wamba ingachedwe kuchitika
• Kuyesa Jury kungachedwe
• Akuluakulu a khotilo angakhale otsekerezeka
• Makompyuta olemba zinthu pa kompyuta angachepetse ntchito

Kuteteza Malamulo

Chifukwa chake chiweruzo cha upandu chimapitirizabe [:

• Kusintha kwa Malamulo kwa Chisanu ndi Chimodzi kumatsimikizira kuzenga mlandu kofulumira
• Habeas corpus sakhoza kulenjedwa
• Zifuno zofunikira kukonza zikupitirizabe
• Kuti anthu asavulale, pamafunika kuchita zinthu zina nthawi zonse

Oweruza a boma, okhala ndi kuikidwa kwa moyo wonse ndi kutetezeredwa kwa malipiro alamulo, sangaikidwe m’malo ndi kupitirizabe kugwira ntchito mosasamala kanthu za utali wa kutsekedwa.

Malingaliro a Mitundu Yonse: Mmene Mitundu Ina Imawonera Kutsekerezedwa kwa U.S.

Kusintha Maganizo Kumakhudza Dziko Lonse

Mawonekedwe apadziko lonse a boma la U.S. amaletsa kuyambukira kaimidwe ka America:

Nkhaŵa za maiko ogwirizana [:

• Funso la Chilungamo cha Ndale za United States
• Kuzengereza kugwirizana kwa mayiko
• Kusunga ndalama zambiri
• Kufufuza kugwirizana kwina

[[ML:0] Ubwino wothandizana [[ML:1]:

• China chikusonyeza kusagwira ntchito bwino kwa United States
• Russia amagwiritsira ntchito nkhani za kugaŵanikana kwa ndale zadziko
• Bungwe la European Union limakayikira zoti dziko la United States ndi lodalirika
• Misika yomadzadza ndi yopendekanso

Madongosolo a Boma Oyerekezera

Chifukwa chake mademokrase ena samakhala ndi ziletso [1]

[[FLT: 0] Madongosolo apadera [[FLT: 1]: Boma limagwa ngati bajeti ilephera, kukakamiza chisankho . Zotsatira zaumwini : Maiko ambiri amapitirizabe kuwononga zinthu padera [ zifuno zapadera : Malamulo ena amalamulira ma bajeti a panthaŵi yake [ zaka zapambuyo pake [[FLT:]

Kuzindikira kusiyana kumeneku kumathandiza anthu a ku America kuzindikira kuti kuletsa ntchito sikuli mbali zosapeŵeka za demokrase koma kuti ndi mbali ya dongosolo la United States lokha.

Kuwerenga ndi Kuwerenga: Mmene Mungapezere Mfundo Zothandiza Kuti Musamavutike Kuwerenga.

Chidziŵitso Chothetsa Chidwi

Mmene mungatsimikizire chidziŵitso choletsa kutseka :

1. Cheza magwero alamulo choyamba:
   • Kulephera .gov website
   • Ofesi ya Kuyang’anira Ofesi (OPM.gov)
   • Malipoti a Congress Communional Baccursal Office
   • Kupenda Ofesi Yoŵerengera Umboni ya Boma
2. Zindikiro zodalirika [1]:
   • Akuluakulu a boma odziŵika
   • Ziŵerengero zotsimikizirika
   • Maumboni a mbiri yakale
3. Mbendera zofiira kaamba ka kusocheretsedwa :[[FLT :2] . [1] Chinenero chochokera ku mtima popanda umboni
4. Mabuku osakhala ndi dzina
5. Mawu a pa utoto ("zonse" kapena "achilichonse")
6. Kulankhulana popanda umboni

Kuwerenga ndi Kuwerenga Nkhani Pamene Zinthu Zinatha

Kuzimiritsa nyuzi :

• Kusiyana pakati pa: Zidutswa za malingaliro vs. nyuzi zosimba
• Kanika magwero ambiri : Makamaka m'mitundu yonse ya ndale zadziko
• Kusintha zimene akunena [: Kupyolera pawebusaiti za boma
• Chenjerani ndi: mphekesera za manyuzipepala ndi kutumiza mauthenga
• [[FULT:0] Focus pa: Ziyambukiro za kumaloko mukhoza kutsimikizira inu mwini

Kumanga Malo Otumizira Chidziŵitso cha Munthu Mwini

[[ML:0] Kujambula magwero odalirika a chidziŵitso :

• Tsatirani nkhani za bungwe loona za anthu pa wailesi ndi pa TV
• Kusaina zikalata zochenjeza boma
• Yankhani ndi maukwati a antchito a boma a ntchito
• Kuyang'ana mabungwe a malamulo osakhala a kagulu monga Office ya Bajeti ndi Office ya Umboni ya Gawo
• Malo ofufuzira mfundo za m'kapepala amene amatchula mwachindunji mawu oletsa kutseka

Malangizo Othandiza: Zimene nzika Ziyenera Kuchita

Asanapumule

[[ML:0] Kukonza mndandanda wa zinthu zofunikira [:

Kukonzekera kwa zachuma :

• ◯ Sonyezani mapasipoti kapena mapepala nthawi yoyambirira
• Perekani zifunsiro za loni za boma pasadakhale
• Makampani obwezera misonkho asanafike pochedwa
• Mukafuna kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zimene mumasunga ngati boma lachita zinthu zogwirizana ndi gulu lanu

[[ML:0] Kukonzekera [[Mbali:1]

• Onani mmene dziko lilili musanapite ku ulendo
• Mukadzagula inshuwalansi ya maulendo a pa malo amene boma likupita
• Khalani ndi mapulani othandiza kuti muthe kuyendera malo a D.C.
• Kutsimikizira kuti chikalata cha padziko lonse n’cholondola

Kukonzekera zamalonda [[FL:]

• Kupanga mapangano a galimoto zamphamvu
• Pezani zilolezo kapena zipinda mofulumira
• Kugaŵanitsa malo ogulitsirako ndi kudalirana kwa boma
• Muzipeza njira zogulira ngongole musanathe

Panthaŵi ya Kuleka Kugwira Ntchito

Zimene mungachite pamene muzima [1]

Kukhalabe wodziŵitsidwa kupyolera mwa:

• Zilengezo za bungwe la boma
• Nkhani za m’deralo zokhudza anthu
• Bungwe la antchito la Federal limakonzanso
• Njira za boma zolankhulira

Chitanipo kanthu ndi[[FL:1]:

• Kuthandiza mabizinesi a m’deralo
• Kulankhulana ndi oimira za ziyambukiro
• Kuthandiza anansi okoma ngati kunali kotheka
• Kupewa kusankha zochita mochita mantha

[[FUL:0] Ziyambukiro za chiphaso cha [[[FL:1]:

• Masheya a inshuwalansi ngati angagwire ntchito
• Ndalama zolipirira ndalama
• Kukonzekera kwa m’tsogolo
• Atsogoleri osankhidwa

Pambuyo pa Mapeto Otsekeredwa

Zochita zobwezera [

• Kuyembekezera kupita ku ulaliki kwa milungu ingapo
• Kanizani mafomu ofunsira mwamsanga
• Pitiriza kuchita malonda a boma ozengereza
• Konzekerani za kutsekedwa kwa zinthu m’tsogolo
• Auzeni oimiranu za zochitika

Kuyambukira Kwamaganizo: Kuletsa Kupsinjika Maganizo ndi Nkhaŵa

Kumvetsetsa Nkhaŵa Yotsekedwa

Ziyambukiro zamaganizo za kulephera kuzima [[FLT: 1]:

• Nkhaŵa yowonjezereka ndi kuchuluka kwa opsinjika maganizo
• Mavuto a m’banja chifukwa cha mavuto a zachuma
• Kulimbana kwa anthu chifukwa cha mavuto azachuma
• Kupsinjika maganizo kwa ndale zadziko
• Kutopa chifukwa chokonda kuulutsa nkhani

Kufufuza kumasonyeza kuti nkhaŵa imawonjezeka ndi 23 peresenti m’midzi yolemera kwambiri ya boma pamene amatseka.

Zochita Zolimbana Nazo

Kuzima ndi kutseka kogwirizana ndi kupsinjika :

Njira zaumwini [:

• Musamagwiritse ntchito nkhani kawiri patsiku
• Ganizirani zimene mungathe kuchita
• Musamachite zinthu zimene mumachita nthawi zonse
• Gwiritsani Ntchito Mabungwe Othandiza
• Muzichepetsa nkhawa

[[ML:0] Kufikira [

• Muzikonza njira zothandizirana
• Muziuzana zinthu zimene mungazipeze
• Muzithandiza anthu amene akuvutika
• Kudzipereka kuthandiza mabanja kunakhudza
• Muzikonza njira zothandizira anthu oyandikana nawo

Kupita Patsogolo: Kukulitsa Luntha Lozikidwa pa Mfundo Zenizeni

Kufunika kwa Choonadi Panthaŵi Yotsekeredwa

Chifukwa chake kutsekera zinthu kumapitirira kukonzekera kwa munthu:

• Chidziŵitso cholongosoka chimatheketsa kukonzekera koyenera
• Choonadi chimachepetsa mantha ndi kupsinjika maganizo kosafunikira
• Mfundo zoona zimathandiza anthu andale kuti aziimba mlandu
• Kukambirana zinthu zenizeni kumathandiza kuthetsa vutoli
• Kumvetsa zinthu molondola kumathandiza kuti anthu asamakambirane ndi anthu ena nthano zam’tsogolo

Kuyambitsa Midzi Yosatha Kutha

Kumanga mphamvu ya chitaganya ya kuletsa kuletsa [1]

• Konzani njira zoperekera chidziŵitso cha m’dera lanu
• Pezani njira zopezera ndalama zosiyanasiyana
• Perekani ndalama zothandizira pa ngozi
• Kungani njira zolankhulirana
• Konzani zikalata zokumbukira zinthu za m’dzikolo

Kuphunzitsa Moona Mtima

Kugwiritsira ntchito chidziŵitso cholongosoka kaamba ka kusintha :

• Oimira anthu amene amathandizana ndi anthu
• Kambiranani nkhani zanu zotsimikizika
• Sonyezani njira zothetsera vuto
• Kanizani nkhani za ndale zadziko zopanda umboni
• Kufuna kulankhulana kowonekeratu kwa boma

Kumaliza: Nthanthi Zodzitsekera

Nthano zotsekera zotsekera zapansi panthano [[FLT: 1] zikuyenda bwino m'chisokonezo ndi mantha amene mavuto a boma akupereka. Kuchokera ku malingaliro olakwika onena za kutsekedwa kwa boma ndi mawu onama onena za kupekedwa kwa mabodza, nthano zimenezi zimawonjezera kupsinjika kosafunikira ku mikhalidwe yovuta kale. Mwakumvetsetsa [[FLT:] mfundo zotsimikizirika zotsutsana ndi nthano , nzika zingavomereze kuchirikiza kuvuta ndi kukonzekera, kuchitapo kanthu mmalo mwa nkhaŵa, ndi kudziŵa kusadziŵa kusokonezeka mmalo mwa mkwiyo wolakwika.

Kuletsa boma nkovuta kwambiri popanda nthano kukuchititsa kuipiraipira. Inde, kuletsa kumavutitsa antchito a boma, omanga nyumba, ndi anthu a m'madera ena. Inde, kumawononga chuma ndi malo a dziko lonse la America. Ndipo kumachititsa kusatsimikizira kwenikweni za mautumiki a boma. Koma samaletsa macheke a Social Security, samazima nthano kwachikhalire, ndipo samasunga ndalama za msonkho. Kuzindikira zimenezi kumathandiza nzika kuyendetsa ntchito pamene zikuyendetsa galimoto kuti zipeze njira zothetseratu.

Kulimbikira kwa boma kuletsa mabodza oletsedwa [[FLT: 1] kuvumbula chitokoso chachikulu mu demokrase yathu: vuto la kulankhula ntchito zovuta za boma kwa nzika zoledwa ndi nkhani zopikisana. Nthanthi iriyonse yofalikira imasonyeza kulephera kwa maphunziro a boma ndi kuonekera kwa. Mwa kugwiritsa ntchito chidziŵitso cha choonadi, nzika zingathetse kuzungulira kwa mawu olakwika amene amawononga kwambiri.

Pamene kutseka kukuwonjezereka m'ndale za America, kufunika kwa chidziŵitso cholondola kukukula. Nzika zokhala ndi mfundo zotsimikizirika zingakonzekere bwinopo kaamba ka kusokonezeka, kuchirikiza chitaganya choyambukiridwa, ndi kulamula kwa atsogoleri amene amagwiritsira ntchito zida za ndale zadziko. Choonadi chonena za kuzima kwa mabomba / promplex, osinthasintha, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri chogwiritsa mwala maziko onse aŵiri opulumuka mavutowa ndipo potsirizira pake kuwaletsa.

Njira yopita patsogolo imafunikira kukana nthanthi zomveka bwino m’malo movomereza choonadi chosakondweretsa.

Kumapeto, kusiyanitsa mfundo yoletsa kuchokera ku nthano sikungokonzekera bwino kaamba ka vuto lotsatira la ndalama, lomwe liri lakumanga democracy kumene mfundo za choonadi zimapezeka pa nkhani zokopa, ndipo nzika zili ndi chidziŵitso chofunikira kuti boma likhale ndi mlandu. Nthanozo zingakhale zosavuta, koma choonadi nchamphamvu kwambiri.