Chipani cha America chimafotokozedwa ndi kuthekera kwake kwakukulu kwa kuchitapo kanthu mofulumira, kotsimikizirika. Udindo umenewu, wotengedwa ku mphamvu yauyang'aniro yoikidwa mu ofesi, umatumikira monga injini ya boma la boma, kutheketsa kusungidwa kwa malamulo, kachitidwe ka lamulo lachilendo, ndi kuyang'anira boma lalikulu. Komabe, injini imeneyi imagwira ntchito mu mlingo wolinganizidwa bwino wa malamulo, uyang'aniro wa malamulo, ndi kupenda kwachiweruzo. Pulezidenti amagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu za ulamuliro osati m'chimbudzi, koma mkati mwa dongosolo la boma lomangidwa mwachindunji kulinganiza mphamvu ndi ulamuliro ndi kuŵerengera mlandu. Kumvetsetsa zimenezi nkofunika kwambiri kumvetsetsa kutsutsana kwakukulu kwa ulamuliro wa American ndi mkangano wopitirizabe pa ukulu woyenera wa ulamuliro wa prezidenti.

Chiyambi cha Ulamuliro Wolamulira wa Malamulo

Maziko a mphamvu ya maulamuliro ali m'Malamulo a U.S., komabe lembalo limapereka ndandanda yaikulu mmalo mwa buku la malangizo latsatanetsatane. Kupotoza kumeneku kwasonkhezera zaka mazana ambiri za mkangano, kukambitsirana, ndi kutsutsana kwalamulo pa zimene Prezidenti angathe ndi zimene sangathe kuchita. Tanthauzo la mphamvu za ulamuliro lakhala likusintha osati mwa kumasulira kosasintha, koma kupyolera mwa njira zothandiza kulamulira dziko limene likukula.

Nkhani Yachiŵiri: Tchati cha Vague

Mosiyana ndi Mfundo I, imene imatchula mosamalitsa maulamuliro a Nyumba ya Malamulo m'zigawo khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu zosiyana, Mfundo II imayamba ndi chilolezo cha onse: "Gulu la Udindo la Udindo lidzapatsidwa kwa Pulezidenti wa United States of America . "Kulimbikitsa Claus" ndi magwero a mkangano wapadera wa malamulo a boma. Ochirikiza mphamvu zamphamvu, Theory Authority Theory [Prince:] imatsutsa kuti mawu ameneŵa amapatsa Pulezidenti ndi ulamuliro wa panthambi yonse. Ena amatsutsa kuti Ves Claus ndi chizindikiro cha ofesi, ndi mphamvu zonse zochokera ku zigawo zachiŵiri za Dikito II ndi station .

Kudana kwa Anthu Ofuna Kusamala ndi Atsikana

Mnzake wosuliza wa Vesting Claus ndi Take Care Claus, amene amafuna Pulezidenti "Kusamalira Kuti Malamulo Aperekedwe mokhulupirika. Malamulo ameneŵa amagwirizanitsa Prezidenti mwachindunji ndi dongosolo la malamulo lopangidwa ndi Congress. Kulimbana pakati pa Claus wotakata ndi ntchito ya kuyang'anira Clausle ndiko chiyambi cha kutsutsana kwa mphamvu iliyonse yaikulu ya boma. Pulezidenti anganene kuti ulamuliro wachibadwa, komatu akukakamizidwa ndi lamulo la kuswa malamulo monga momwe alembedwe. Kulimbana kumeneku kuli pa mtima wa mafunso okhudzana ndi malangizo audindo, kuyang'anira, ndi udindo wa Pulezidenti wa boma pokonza malamulo.

Kuikidwa ndi Maulamuliro a Malamulo

Mfundo II imapatsanso Pulezidenti mapangano enieni ogawana ndi Nyumba ya Malamulo, kwakukulukulu mphamvu kwa akuluakulu a boma (oweruza, akazembe, mamembala, Kabinet ) ndi [[FLT:]] mapangano apadera. Pamene kuli kwakuti Pulezidenti amasintha, Nyumba ya Malamulo imapatsa mapangano "Advice ndi Convsect]. Kugawana mphamvu kumeneku kuli mbali yaikulu ya macheke ndi dongosolo la malingana. Kuzemba chilo cha kuvomerezedwa kwa mapangano, Pulezidenti akutembenukira ku [FLT: 4,4] pamene ulamuliro wanthaŵi zonse wa boma wa boma waperekedwa. [FLT.] [FFFUT:]] [act:] [aunika]

Pulezidenti monga Wolamulira Wamkulu ndi Mtsogoleri

Kuphatikiza pa nkhani yachiŵiri, Pulezidenti ali ndi ulamuliro monga mkulu wa boma ndiponso mkulu wa asilikali a dzikolo. Ntchito zimenezi zimapereka njira zothandizira kukhazikitsa malamulo ndi kuchitapo kanthu pa ziwopsezo za dzikolo.

Mphamvu ya Kazembe

Malamulo amasankha Pulezidenti kukhala Commier-in-Cheence of Army and Navy . Izi zimapereka ulamuliro wa anthu wamba pa gulu lankhondo koma sizimapatsa mphamvu zolengeza nkhondo, imene yasungidwa kokha kaamba ka Nyumba ya Malamulo. Chigamulo cha Nkhondo cha 1973 , kupitirira pa Pulezidenti Nixon's chuto, kuyesa kufotokoza malire a ntchito ya undunala wankhondo, kupempha Pulezidenti kulengeza Congressss mkati mwa maola 48 a kuyendetsa nkhondo ndi kuchotsa asilikali pambuyo pa masiku 60 pokhapokha ngati Bungwe lalola kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Lamulo ndi kugwira ntchito kwa chigamulo chimenechi, monga momwe Pulezidenti wadziko lagwirizana ndi ulamuliro walamulo lalamulo lalamulo la lamulo la lamulo la lamulo la lamulo la lamulo la lamulo la lamulo la lamulo, monga momwe likutsimikizira ulamuliro lisanakhale chivomerezera ulamuliro.

Nkhani za Kunja ndi Chiphunzitso cha Sole Organ

M'nkhani zachilendo, Pulezidenti amafotokozedwa kaŵirikaŵiri kukhala "chiŵalo chokulira cha boma la boma m'maunansi ake ndi maulamuliro akunja," chiphunzitso chofotokozedwa m'nkhani ya Khoti Lapamwamba United States v. Curtis-Woright Transport Corp. (1936). Lingaliro limeneli lapadziko lonse likusonyeza kuti Pulezidenti ali ndi mphamvu zachibadwa m'malamulo achilendo amene ali odziimira okha pa nthumwi za gulu lankhondo. Komabe, ngakhale m'nkhani zachilendo, Pulezidenti amakakamizidwa ndi mphamvu ya Pursitente ya Pursitenti [6]. Liyeza la kutsogolera zokambirana ndi ntchito zaungwe kapena ntchito zankhondo. Maluso a kukambirana akugwirizana ndi kutsendereza kwa bungwe la oyendetsa ntchito.

Ziŵiya za Ntchito Yachindunji: Malamulo Olamulira ndi Kufutukula

Malamulo a akuluakulu ndi ziwiya zooneka kwambiri ndiponso zamphamvu kwambiri zothandizira pulezidenti. Amalola Pulezidenti kutsogolera ntchito za boma la boma ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo popanda kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo. Ngakhale kuti ndi amphamvu, iwo saali macheke opanda kanthu ndipo ali ndi malire apadera a lamulo ndi othandiza.

Kodi Nchiyani Chimapangitsa Dongosolo la Ukulu Walamulo Kukhala Lalamulo?

Lamulo lapamwamba liyenera kupeza ulamuliro wake kaya ku Chigawo II. Lamulo laudindo silingapange malamulo atsopano, ndalama zoyenerera, kapena kutsutsana ndi malamulo a boma okhalapo. Ngati lamulo liposa malirewa, likhoza kugwetsedwa ndi makhoti. Chitsanzo chotchuka cha zimenezi ndi [[FLT:] [FLT] [2] pansi pa Mfundo II. Atsikana apamwamba sapanga malamulo atsopano, ndalama zoyenerera, kapena kutsutsana ndi malamulo a boma. Ngati lamulo la boma liposa malire ameneŵa, likhoza kugwetsedwa ndi makhoti. [Progilamu yotchuka kwambiri ya kuweruza mlandu wapamwamba wa Truegeni Bromes] [[FLT:] ] [2] [2] [aungwe lamphamvu yothandiza kugamula mlandu wa magetsi]. Oweruzawo sanavomereze kuti apange ulamuliro wa kuweruza.

Malamulo a M’mbiri ya America

Malamulo audindo agwiritsiridwa ntchito kuumba chitaganya cha Amereka m’njira zazikulu. [[FLT: 0]] Projectence (1863) ndi Abraham Lincoln anagwiritsira ntchito ulamuliro waudindo kumasula akapolo m'maboma opanduka, kulungamitsidwa monga nkhondo yofunikira pansi pa ulamuliro wake wa Kazembe. [[FFLT: 4.] ORD [[FFFUT:] [FFF:5]] [1] [43] (1942]) ndi Prezidenti degg, (1942) kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zachikulu za dziko la Japan mkati mwa mphamvu za dziko lonse, zolamulira zamakono, zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu za dziko la oyendetsa. [F69]. [FUT.NUT.[19]

Malo Opangira Malamulo: Kupenda ndi Kulinganiza

Njira yofufuzira ndi yoyendera ndi kuchepetsa zinthu ndi yothandiza kuti ulamuliro usamachulukitsike kwambiri.

Kuyang’anira Nyumba za Malamulo ndi Mphamvu ya Kagulidwe

Congress ili ndi zida zamphamvu zoyendera kuyang'anira. Chofunika kwambiri ndicho mphamvu ya chikwama ; palibe ntchito yaulamuliro imene ingasungidwe popanda ndalama zoyenerera. Nyumbanso ikuchititsa kumvetsera , nkhani [[FLT:], zothetsa nzeru [[FLT:] [4] [zi] ndi zotsala za bungwe lachitukuko , ndipo zimafuna kuti nthambi yaikulu ipereke chidziŵitso pansi pa [[FLT:] Contion Act Act [[FLC] Act:7]. [iption, ngakhale kuti n’zosapezeka, monga chothetsera chachikulu cha "Crime ndi Misdemorrears], kuchotsapo ulamuliro wa Pricials (bungwe la Kuzunza).

Kupenda za Chilango: Mbali ya Khoti Lalikulu

Oweruza amachita monga omalizira kuvomereza lamulo la kachitidwe ka akuluakulu. Pamene kuli kwakuti makhoti kaŵirikaŵiri amamvera mkulu pa nkhani za chisungiko cha dziko ndi malamulo a maiko ena, iwo kaŵirikaŵiri aloŵererapo kukakamiza malamulo alamulo ndi malamulo. Milandu yaikulu imaphatikizapo:

  • [[FLT :1] Thrown Throad & Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952): [[FLT: 3] Kuletsa mphamvu zapanyumba za Prezidenti zamwambo zangozi.
  • [FLT] United States v. Nixon[FLT :2] (1974): Udindo wa bwana wamkulu wochepetsedwa, kufunikira Pulezidenti Nixon kutembenuza matepi a Watergate.
  • [FLT]MP v. Hawaii[FLT :2] (2017): Anapirira kugamulapo kwakukulu kwa Pulezidenti pa kusamuka ndi chisungiko cha dziko pansi pa Immigation and Nationality Act, pamene akuika malire pa tsankho lachipembedzo.

Milandu imeneyi imasonyeza kuti pamene kuli kwakuti Prezidenti ali ndi ulamuliro waukulu, makhoti ali ndi mphamvu yolongosola malire ake. Ntchito Yoyez pa Chilamulo cha Cornell imapereka chidule chofikirika cha zosankha zapadera zimenezi.

Malingaliro a Anthu Onse ndi Kudziŵerengera Mlandu kwa Ndale

Kusiyapo mayeso a boma, Pulezidenti ali ndi mlandu womaliza kwa osankhidwa. Lamulo la mkulu wa boma losatchuka kapena chosankha chakunja chimene chimachititsa zitsutso zoipa zandale, kuwononga zizindikiro za Prezidenti, ndi kuyambukira zotsatira za chisankho chotsatira. Ofalitsa nkhani, magulu achifuniro, ndi anthu a m'dziko amachita mbali yaikulu kwambiri pofufuza ntchito yaudindo ndi kudziŵitsa anthu, kupangitsa kuti apange chitsutso champhamvu, ngati mwamwaŵi, ngati chinsinsi, chinsinsi cha chivoti cha chivomezo cha chivoti.

Mphamvu ya Olamulira m’Nyengo ya Mavuto ndi Kufutukuka

Nkhondo ya Chiweniweni, Kutsika kwa Chuma Kwakukulu, ndi Nkhondo ya Pachitukuko, zonse ziŵiri zinaona nthambi ya akuluakulu ya boma ikutenga maulamuliro atsopano amene anasinthanso boma.

Chiphunzitso cha Bungwe Logwirizanitsa

M’zaka makumi angapo zaposachedwapa, kumasulira kwalamulo kwachindunji kodziŵika monga Theory Theodory . Nthanthi imeneyi imanena kuti Kusintha Claus wa Mfundo II kumapatsa pulezidenti ulamuliro wonse pa nthambi ya akuluakulu, kuphatikizapo mphamvu ya kuchotsa nduna iliyonse ya boma kapena wantchito aliyense pa kufuna. Otsutsa zimenezi n’ngofunika kuti ayang’anire ndi kuti ayang’anire bwino. Otsutsa mfundoyi amatsutsa kuti kudziimira kwa mabungwe ndi ntchito za boma, kuchepetsa lamulo. Nthanthi imeneyi yagwiritsidwa ntchito kulungamitsa ntchito zankhanza monga kubwezera ndalama, kupendanso, ndi kutsutsa ufulu wa oyang’anira ndi uphungu zapadera. Ilo limaimira mfundo yaikulu yamakono ya ulamuliro wapamwamba.

Nkhondo ya Chiwawa ndi Maulamuliro a Chitetezo cha Dziko

Pambuyo pa ziukiro za September 11, ulamuliro wa Pulezidenti George W. Bush ananenetsa maulamuliro aakulu, kuphatikizapo kuyang’anira kwamagetsi kosaloledwa, kumangidwa kosalekeza kwa adani, ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mabwalo ankhondo. Zochita zimenezi zinalungamitsidwa pansi pa ulamuliro wa Pulezidenti wa ku Khief-in-Chief ndi Chilolezo cha Usenor for Service (AMFF) yoperekedwa ndi Congress. Nkhondo za lamulo, kuphatikizapo [FLT: 0] Hamdi v. Rumsteld . ndi [FLT:] Brede v. Bush. [FLT], zinatuluka m'khoti ya Supreme Yotsimikizira ntchito ya judiast ndi kuyang'inga kozetsa mlandu, ngakhalenso ulamuliro wa dziko lonse.

Boma Lolamulira ndi Lauyang’aniro

Boma lamakono lauyang'anira, ndi mabungwe ake ambiri odziimira paokha ndi audindo, likutsutsa kwambiri ulamuliro. Mabishopu afuna kwambiri kulamulira mwa kukhazikitsa malamulo a akuluakulu ofuna kusanthula kokhudza anthu ndi kupendanso kochitidwa ndi Ofesi ya Information and Reguataliation (ORA). Mphamvu yoika mabungwe ndi kuwachotsa zakhala malo apakati a nkhondo, ndi Khoti Lalikulu mu Lawrilo [LC v.FLT:3] (20) kuti dongosolo la bungwe la Consercial Office Provition Bureault lipasure maulamuliro opatulidwa ndi ulamuliro a Pulezidenti. Olamulira ambiri ayenera kupitiriza motani kuyang'anira lamulo lapo.

Mapeto: Kutsutsana Kokhalitsa pa Mphamvu ndi Kulamulira

Kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zaulamuliro waulamuliro sikuimira sewero lalikulu la ulamuliro wa Amereka. Nkofunika ponse paŵiri kuti boma likhale ndi mphamvu yogwira ntchito ndi kuchititsa mavuto a lamulo. Dongosolo la macheke ndi kulinganiza, pamene kuli kwakuti kaŵirikaŵiri limakhala losalongosoka ndi lochedwa, limapereka maziko ofunika mkati mwa mphamvu imeneyi. Nkhani si yakuti kodi Pulezidenti ayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu, koma ngati dongosolo la boma lili lolimba mokwanira kuti lisunge ulamuliro umenewo. Pamene ulamuliro wa boma ndi likupitiriza kusokonezeka, kutsutsana pakati pa ntchito yolamulira yomaliza ndi kufunika kwa lamulo la lamulo la dziko lonse ndi malamulo a dziko lapansi kupitirizabe kupereka umboni wa ulamuliro wa maulamuliro, [FLD] Crensionontion pa ntchito yapamwamba yautumiki ndi malamulo a bungwe lapamwamba. [FFFF]