Malo antchito salinso malo opangika a mbadwo umodzi wokha. Anthu okhala ndi moyo kwa nthaŵi yaitali, kupuma pantchito pambuyo pake, ndi ana omwe amaloŵa ntchito mwachangu, mabungwe lerolino amayang'anira anayi . Nthaŵi zina . Kusintha kwa anthu asanu pansi pa denga limodzi kapena lakuthupi. Kusintha kumeneku kwa kugwedezeka kwa anthu kukukakamiza opanga malamulo, atsogoleri, ndi akuluakulu a kayendetsedwe ka malamulo, ndi miyambo ya chikhalidwe zimene zimatetezera antchito ku tsankho la ausinkhu wawo. Funsoli silinganene kuti kaya tsankhu lilipo, koma kaya zigawo zathu zili zokhoza kuyang'anira kulimba kwa zaka zaukulu weniweni.

Kusintha Mwachisawawa kwa Ntchito

Malinga ndi Bureau of Labor Statistics ya United States, ntchito ya zaka 55 ndi mpaka kufikapo ikuyembekezeredwa kuwonjezeka kuchokera pa 23% mu 2020 kufika pafupifupi 25% podzafika 2030. Panthaŵiyi, antchito a zaka 25-54 akuchepa monga chiŵerengero cha antchito onse. Pofika 2034, Aamereka a zaka 65 ndi achikulire adzatha kuposa ana a zaka 18 okha m’mbiri. Izi sizili chabe chizoloŵezi cha U.S.-Japan, Germany, Italy, ndi maiko ena ambiri otukuka akukhala ndi zaka zofanana.

Kodi zimenezi zikutanthauzanji kwa anthu apantchito wamba? Zimatanthauza kuti injiniya wa zaka 65 angakhale akugwirira ntchito limodzi ndi zaka 22, aliyense akubweretsa ziyembekezo zosiyana, zokumana nazo, ndi njira zolankhulirana. Utali wa ntchito ukukula; anthu ambiri tsopano amagwira ntchito kufikira zaka zawo zapama 60 kapena 70 mwakufuna kapena kusoŵa. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, antchito achichepere akuloŵa m’miyambo yamakono ndi malingaliro atsopano. Kuthekera kwa mtanda wa synergygy kuli kokulira, koma kulinso upandu wa zaka zochokera ku kumbuyo ngati zitetezero zikhalabe zotsalira m'zo.

Makomboni a Malamulo: Kodi Akupitirizabe?

Ku United States, maziko a kutetezeredwa kwa amisinkhu ndiko Age Discrimination in Obster Act (ADEA) ya 1967, monga momwe inasinthidwira. ADEA imaletsa tsankho kwa anthu a zaka 40 ndi achikulire m'ntchito, kukweza, kuchotsa, kulipira, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Imagwira ntchito ndi mabwana 20 kapena kuposapo, kuphatikizapo boma, ndi maboma a komweko. Bungwe la Aumedial Brouble Commission (EOC) ndilo lotsogolera kukhazikitsa ADEA.

Komabe, ADEA ili ndi mipata yodziŵika. Siimatetezera antchito a zaka zosafika 40, kutanthauza kuti antchito achichepere amene amayang'anizana ndi kutsenderezedwa kwa msinkhu mwaukalamba . Mwachitsanzo, amapititsidwa chifukwa chakuti ali "ang'ono" . Alibe njira ya boma. Kuwonjezerapo, ADEA ali ndi muyezo wovuta kwambiri kuposa malamulo ena oletsa kugaŵana: olemba ntchito ayenera kutsimikizira kuti zaka zinali "koma chifukwa cha" cha kachitidwe koipako, osati chifukwa chosonkhezera chabe. Zimenezi zimayambitsa chidindo chapamwamba cha malamulo.

Malamulo a boma nthaŵi zina amakwaniritsa mipata imeneyi. Mwachitsanzo, Act ya Fair Works and Hosling ya California imakhudza misinkhu yonse, kuphatikizapo pansi pa 40. Komabe malamulo a ntchito a m'madera osiyanasiyana amayambitsa chisokonezo kwa mabwana a mayiko ambiri ndipo amasiya antchito ambiri popanda chitetezo choonekeratu chodalira pa ulamuliro wa boma.

Zitetezero zimasiyanasiyana kwambiri. Bungwe la European Union’s Dooclay Eality Directive (2000/78/EC) limaletsa tsankho la msinkhu m'mayiko onse a m'dzikolo, lophatikizapo achinyamata ndi okalamba omwe. Chikalata cha United Kingdom cha Kulingana kwa Act 2010 chimathandizanso kuletsa kusankhana misinkhu, ngakhale kuti kulibe kuchotsa ntchito zofunikira zenizeni. Mayiko onga Japan ndi South Korea akhazikitsa malamulo a zaka zopuma pantchito zimene zikuwonjezereka pang’onopang’ono, koma chikhalidwe chikupitirizabe kukhazikika.

Mavuto Aakulu pa Ntchito Yosalongosoka

Koma sikuti zimenezi ndi nkhani za malamulo zokhazo zimene zimasokoneza chikhalidwe ndiponso zimene zimasokoneza ntchito ya zinthu, monga kulephera kugwira ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu, ndiponso kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito luso la munthu.

Mitundu Yosatha ya Nyengo

Ngakhale kuti kwa zaka makumi ambiri a maphunziro oletsa kusagwirizana, kuganiziridwa kwa anthu okalamba kukupitirizabe. Ziganizo zambiri zimaphatikizapo kuti antchito okalamba sasintha, sagwira ntchito, otsika mtengo kwambiri chifukwa cha malipiro a ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito, ndiponso kusakonda zamakono. Komabe, antchito achinyamata angaonedwe ngati oyenera, osayera, kapena osadziŵa bwino. Kukondera kumeneku kumachititsa anthu kusankha ntchito, kupenda ntchito, ndi ngakhale timu yamwaŵi.

Kusiyana kwa Zipangizo zamakono ndi Kuphunzira Kopitirizabe

Kusintha kwa makompyuta kwachititsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito polungamitsa tsankho la amisinkhu. Ogwira ntchito achikulire amene sanakule ndi intaneti kapena makompyuta angatenge nthaŵi yaitali kuti agwirizane ndi mapulogalamu atsopano kapena mapulatifomu. Komabe, mpata umenewu umapitirira kupitirira. Anthu ambiri okalamba amasonyeza kuti ali ndi luso la makompyuta, ndipo maganizo akuti luso la luso la zopangapanga la anthu ndi ukalamba n’ngolakwika kwambiri. Vuto lenileni sili kukula koma ndi kukhoza kuphunzira. Mabungwe amene amaika ndalama zowonjezera kuphunzira ndi kupha antchito onse amatseka mwamsanga mpata umenewu. Anthu amene sataya nzeru za m’gulu la anthu.

Kusagwirizana kwa Mbadwo ndi Njira Zolankhulirana

Mibadwo yosiyanasiyana imasankha njira zosiyanasiyana zolankhulirana . email v. Kutumiza mauthenga kwa maso a maso a maso, kuzungulira kwakutali, kwadongosolo. Kusintha kwa ntchito kofulumira. Pamene kusiyana kumeneku sikukumvedwa bwino, kusemphana kungabuke. Mwachitsanzo, woyendetsa khanda angaone ngati kuti wogwira ntchito wa Gen Z salemekeza uthenga wake, pamene wantchitoyo amaona kuti ndi wokhutiritsa. Kulimbanaku, ngati kuli kopanda nzeru, kungatsogolere ku mlandu wa msinkhu kapena udani. Kugamula kwa mapulogalamu a kutsutsana ndi kuyang'ana kwa alangizi a pulogalamu ya kukhoza kuchepetsa zimenezi.

Kusintha ndi Kukhazikika Zimafunikira M’nyengo Zonse

Mliri wa kumidzi ndi wa ziwiya za mtundu wa projekiti, koma si magulu onse a misinkhu amene amafunikira kulolera. Ogwira ntchito achikulire angafunikire malo ogona kuti apezeko bwino, pamene antchito achichepere angayamikire malo odziimira okha. Lamulo laukulu wa zinthu zingapangitse kusagwirizana. Mwachitsanzo, kufuna antchito onse kukhala mu ofesi masiku asanu pamlungu angayambukire kwambiri antchito achikulire amene amafuna kusamalira ntchito zaumoyo. Mofananamo, kulingalira kuti antchito achichepere okha ndiwo amafuna ntchito yakutali angachepetse luso lakale limenenso limafunikira kulolera.

Ngozi Zomadza: Tsankho la Chikhalidwe cha Abusa

Imodzi ya madera ofulumira kwambiri ndiponso osalamulidwa kwambiri a tsankho ndi imeneyi ndi nzeru zopeka (I) ndi kugwiritsa ntchito anthu opanga okha polemba ntchito, kupima ntchito, ndi kukweza. Ma-algoric ophunzitsidwa za mbiri yakale kaŵirikaŵiri amatengeranso tsankho. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kampani ina yapitayo inapeza malipiro ambiri pa zaka 30, dongosolo la AI lingaphunzire kuchotsa anthu achikulire ofunsira ntchito. Iyi ingathe kugwira ntchito mosaonekera, popanda cholinga cha munthu cha kusiyanitsa. EOC yapereka malangizo pa ntchito ya AI ndi ADE imagogomezera kuti malo opatula ngakhale pamene kusankhidwako kukuchititsidwa ndi dongosolo la za galimoto. Komabe, anthu ambiri satha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ntchito ntchito bwino ntchito njira ya zamakono.

Mmene Dziko Lonse Lilili: Zimene Anthu Akuphunzira ku Mayiko Ena

Pamene kuli kwakuti U.S. uli ndi ADEA, maiko ena amapereka zitsanzo zina. Ku Finland, olemba ntchito amafunikira kulinganiza za ukalamba monga mbali ya mathayo aumoyo ndi a chisungiko. Ku Japan, Act on Reconsoled Religion of Elder Person imalimbikitsa makampani kukweza zaka za kupuma pantchito kapena opuma pantchito. Malamulo a European Union amaletsa kunyada mwachindunji ndi mosabisa, ndipo mamembala ena apita patsogolo mwa kuletsa ntchito yokakamiza anthu ausinkhu wofanana ndi zaka ngati pa mikhalidwe yochepa kwambiri.

South Korea, imene ili ndi mmodzi wa antchito ofika pamsinkhu wochuluka padziko lonse, inakhazikitsa lamulo mu 2016 loletsa tsankho la amisinkhu yolembedwa ntchito, koma kusungitsa lamulo kumakhalabe kofooka ndi kwauchikulire kwa anthu a misinkhu. Zitsanzo zimenezi za padziko lonse zikusonyeza kuti chitetezo cha lamulo chokha nchosakwanira; kusintha kwa chikhalidwe ndi kusungitsa malamulo nkofunikanso.

Vuto la Malonda la Kutha kwa Ukalamba

Kusiyapo kugwirizana ndi makhalidwe, kusiyana kwa msinkhu kuli phindu lapadera. Kufufuza kosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kufufuza kuchokera ku Mckinsey , kumasonyeza kuti timagulu taukalamba tosiyanasiyana n’tokhala ndi njira zatsopano ndiponso yabwino popanga zosankha. Ogwira ntchito achikulire amadzetsa chidziŵitso, kukhazikika, ndi kugwirizana kwa makompyuta; antchito achichepere amabweretsa malingaliro atsopano ndi kukhazikika kwa magetsi.

Ndiponso, pamene ogula akukalamba, makampani amene amatsanzira malo awo okhala anthu angamvetse bwino ndi kuwatumikira. Kunyalanyaza kusiyana kwa misinkhu kumaika pangozi kuchilendo kwa kagulu ka makasitomala aakulu ndi omakula "chuma cha " Malinga ndi kunena kwa World Economic Forum , mphamvu yapadziko lonse ya anthu a zaka 60 ndi kukulirapo ikuyembekezeredwa kufika $15,000,000 podzafika 2030.

Malamulo a M’tsogolo Otetezera Tsankho la Ausinkhu Wathu

Chifukwa cha mmene anthu akukhalira ndiponso kuopsa kwa zinthu zimene zikubwera, anthu opanga malamulo, olimbikitsa, ndiponso olemba ntchito akutsutsana ndi njira zingapo zimene zikuyendera.

Kufutukula Malamulo Oletsa Kusinthana

Chimodzi cha zifunozo ndicho kuchepetsa kapena kuchotsa njira yachisungiko ya kutetezeredwa pansi pa ADEA, kotero kuti antchito onse mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu amatetezeredwa ku tsankho lozikidwa pa ukalamba. Zimenezi zingagwirizanitse lamulo la U.U. ndi malamulo a EU ndi boma monga California. Njira ina ndiyo kuwonjezera "bage" kukhala chizindikiro chotetezedwa pansi pa malamulo a ufulu wa anthu kumene kulibepo, ndi kulimbikitsa njira zosungitsa malamulo onga ngati kulola ziyeso za aupo (nthaŵi ino kulibe malamulo a ADEAaead) ndi kuchepetsa malamulo a boma otetezera ufulu wa anthu.

Kulamulira Fungo ndi Kupanga Zosankha Mwachangu

Opanga malamulo akulingalira za malamulo amene akafuna maoda awo aunivesiti kuti apeze maajensi awo otsutsa chifukwa cha msinkhu, limodzinso ndi fuko, kugonana, ndi kupunduka. Lamulo la Accounting Accounting Act mu Congress ya United States, ngakhale kuti silinapatsidwe, likufuna kuti makampani atsimikizire kuti njira zawo zoyendera za AI ndizo zosafunika. Olemba ntchito ayenera kuchita zinthu zoyendera malamulowa tsopano, asanawakakamize.

Kulimbikitsa Ukalamba ndi Udindo wa Kuntchito

Ulemu umene umapindulitsa mibadwo yonse . Monga makonzedwe a ntchito osinthasintha, kuphunzira kwa moyo wonse kumayendera limodzi, ndi maprogramu olangiza pakati pa anthu . kungachepetse kusagwirizana kumene kumayambitsa tsankho. Mabungwe ambiri akusankha "kulondola" m'zolemba zawo zolembedwa, kusonyeza kuti amaona kukhala ofunika kwambiri monga kusintha kwa zinthu. Ena amapereka "zopanga zoyambira" kwa antchito achikulire omwe abwerera kuntchito pambuyo pa kutha kwa ntchito.

Kuphunzitsa ndi Kuzindikira

Bias Phunzitsani kuti makamaka adziŵe msinkhu wofanana ndi , ndipo amachita motero mwanjira yomwe imaphatikiza ponse paŵiri tsankhu ndi mkulu sakhoza kuthandiza kusintha chikhalidwe cha ntchito. Komabe, maphunziro okha sakwanira popanda kusintha kwa dongosolo. Makampani ayeneranso kupenda njira zawo zoonera zaka za kubadwa kwa munthu, kuchotsa deti la kubadwa kuchokera ku zofufuzira zoyambirira, ndi kutsimikizira kuti malo okweza akuimira tsogolo la anthu.

Kuchirikiza Kuphunzira ndi Kuthetsa Mavuto kwa Moyo Wathu Wonse

Imodzi ya njira zogwira mtima kwambiri zogonjetsera ukalamba wa tekinoloji ndiyo kupereka mwaŵi wopitirizabe wa kuphunzira kwa antchito a misinkhu yonse. Pamene antchito okalamba apatsidwa njira zofanana za kupha antchito achichepere, mpata wa zaluso, ndi kuchepa kwa zinthu. Maboma ena akupereka zisonkhezero za msonkho kwa olemba ntchito amene amaikapo ntchito yopha maprogramu a antchito oposa 50. Soety for Human Resour Management (SRM) akulangiza kuyambitsa chikhalidwe cha kuphunzira kumene nyengo ili yosayenerera kupititsa patsogolo.

Njira Zothandiza pa Mabungwe Masiku Ano

Pamene kuli kwakuti kusintha kwa malamulo kungatenge zaka zambiri, olemba ntchito lerolino angatenge njira zotsimikizirika zochepetsera tsankho la ukalamba ndi kukulitsa mkhalidwe wa ukalamba wa ubwenzi:

  • machitachita a kufunsira: Gwiritsirani ntchito yakhungu yojambulanso (masiku omaliza maphunziro ndi zaka za chidziŵitso). Kutsimikizira malongosoledwe a ntchito samagwiritsira ntchito mawu olembedwa monga "ochokera ku " kapena "makhalidwe abwino" omwe angayanje oyembekezera achichepere.
  • Kuyang'anira ntchito: Mamanejala a Ophunzitsa kupenda maluso ndi zotsatira zake, osati anthu okalamba. Kuyendetsa makilogalamu a ubale kuti apeze zotsatira zake.
  • Kupanga magulu a m'mabadwo: Kuphatikiza nyengo pa timu za ntchito dala kulimbikitsa kutumiza chidziŵitso ndi kuchepetsa ufuko.
  • Malamulo osinthasintha ntchito kwa onse: Kupanga malamulo odalira kusamalira, kupuma pantchito, ndi thanzi lofunikira (opanda kutchula gulu la msinkhu uliwonse.
  • Kusiyanasiyana kwa zaka: Kugwiritsira ntchito kulankhulana kwa mkati kuwunikira zopereka zochokera kwa antchito a misinkhu yonse, ndipo phatikizani zaka zanu m'nkhani za kusiyana ndi kuphatikizidwa.
  • Limatulutsa njira yomveka yoperekera lipoti: Kupangitsa kukhala kosavuta kwa antchito kupereka lipoti la kukonderana kwa msinkhu popanda kuwopa kubwezera, ndi kuwona madandaulo mwamphamvu.

Kumaliza: Njira Yothandiza, Yothandiza Anthu Ambiri

Tsogolo la kutsungula kwa amisinkhu sikudzalinganizidwa ndi malamulo atsopano kapena zigamulo za khoti. Kudzadziŵika ndi mmene mabwana, antchito, opanga malamulo, ndi magulu audindo amagwirizanirana kuthetsa zochititsa zaukalamba. Madzuŵa ali pano lero. N’ngwokalamba, wamng'ono, ndiponso osiyana kwambiri kuposa kale. Kuteteza antchito onse kuyambira pa msinkhu wawo sikuli chabe lamulo ndi lamulo la lamulo koma kukhoza kutsegula mphamvu zonse za antchito ambiri. Magulu amene tsopano amalandira choonadi chimenechi adzakhala okonzeka bwino kukopa, kusunga, ndi kupatsa mphamvu kuposa kale lonse la anthu a msinkhu.

Kuti aŵerengenso, bungwe la United States la Filistible Opportunity Commission limapereka zinthu zambiri pa Age devation mu Act of Alor , ndipo AARP imafalitsa lipoti la laukalamba kuntchito ndi luntha logwira ntchito kwa abwana ndi antchito omwe.