Unansi Pakati pa Kupotoza ndi Mkupiti Woipa

M'masewera amakono a ndale zadziko, njira zosonkhezera osankha zakhala zotchuka. Njira ziŵiri zazikulu ndi kusonkhezera kufufuza ndi kutsutsa . Kumvetsetsa mmene njira zimenezi zimagwirizanira zingathandizire pa masankho ndi malingaliro a ovota. Kufufuza kokakamiza sikuli chabe kusonkhanitsa malingaliro . Iwo akuyesa dala kukonza malingaliro mwa kufufuza. Kampeni, panthaŵi yomweyo, kuukira adani mwachindunji. Pamene kuphatikiza, kuchititsa kupenda kuchititsa kusokonezeka, mfundo zodziŵika bwino zimene zingathetse nkhani ya demokrase.

Kufotokoza Zoipitsa Zosonkhezera Anthu

Kufufuza kokakamiza kuli njira ya mkupiti imene imatsutsana yomwe imadzibisa monga kufufuza. Mmalo mwa kusonkhanitsa malingaliro, iwo amasonkhezera ovota mwa kupereka chidziŵitso choipa ponena za mdani. Kaŵirikaŵiri, kukakamiza ofufuza kufunsa mafunso otsogolera olinganizidwa kuyambitsa zikayikiro kapena kuchirikiza malingaliro otsutsa. Mwachitsanzo, wovota angalandire chiitano chofunsa: "Ngati mukudziŵa kuti Candite Smith adaimbidwa mlandu wa chinyengo, kodi mungawavomerebe? Funso lenilenilo limadzutsa liwongo, mosasamala kanthu za yankho la wovotayo.

Kufufuza kwa malingaliro kwa lamulo kuli ndi cholinga, kugwiritsira ntchito zitsanzo zongoyendera, ndi kupereka lipoti la zimene anthu akuganiza. Kufufuza kwa Fush, mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuli ziŵiya zauphunzitsi. Nthaŵi zambiri kumachitidwa ndi ndawala za ndale zadziko kapena magulu akunja ndipo sikunalinganiziridwe kusonkhanitsa chidziŵitso chenicheni. Nthaŵi yofunika kwambiri. Kufufuza kwa mayeso kumaonekera pafupi ndi Ecomption Day, pamene ofufuza ali osavuta kukayikira kwambiri. Pamene mawu akuti "kufufuza kwa foni" nthaŵi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito mopanda pake pa malembo alionse a telefoni otsutsa, kukakamiza kufunsa koona kumaphatikizapo mazana ambiri a mafoni panyengo yaifupi, kuyang'ana chigawo ndi uthenga wotsimikizirika.

American Association for Public Opinion Research (AAPOR) yatsutsa kufunsira kokakamiza monga kuswa miyezo ya kufufuza kwa makhalidwe. Malinga ndi AAPOR, kukakamiza kufufuza sikufufuza konse koma kukambirana kwa ndale kolinganizidwa kufalitsa chidziŵitso choipa. Malamulo ofufuza akupeŵa machitachita otero chifukwa akuwononga mbiri ya kufufuza. Kuchuluka kwa malo a AAPOR, onani malangizo awo apamwamba .

Kuzindikira Mkupiti Woipa Kukupitidwa

Kulimbana ndi kutsutsa kumaphatikizapo kuukira khalidwe la wopikisana, mbiri, kapena malamulo. Cholinga nchakuti musiye kudalirana ndi kukopa wovota mwa chidziŵitso choipa. Ngakhale kuti chingakhale chothandiza, kaŵirikaŵiri chimachititsa kusuliza mayanjano ake a makhalidwe abwino ndi kukhoza kuipitsa nkhani zapoyera. Mauthenga osalimbikitsa akhala otchuka kwambiri m'ndale za America kuyambira masiku oyambirira . John Adams ndi Thomas Jefferson adasinthana ndi kuukira kwaumwini m'chosankha cha 1800.

Njira zolakwika zimagwera m'magulu angapo: kuukira kwa munthu mwini (kufunsa umphumphu kapena moyo wa banja), kuukira kolembedwa (kuvumbula mavoti kapena mawu), ndi kuukira kwa lamulo (kuika malingaliro monga aupandu kapena odula). Cholinga chilichonse chimapangitsa kusokonezeka pakati pa wofunsira ndi magulu aakulu ovota. Kufufuza kumasonyeza kuti ndawala yotsutsa njosaiwalika kwambiri kuposa kutumiza mauthenga abwino, komanso imavulazanso kubwezera kwa woukirayo, chinthu chodziŵika kukhala "bolerang pulogalamu ya .

Mkupiti wamakono kaŵirikaŵiri umagwiritsira ntchito kutumiza mauthenga otsutsa kwa omvetsera. Wovota angalandire chilolezo chogogomezera mbiri yofeŵa ya mdani, pamene wovota wa kumidzi awona malonda onena za kugwiritsira ntchito nthaka. Kulondola kumeneku kumawonjezera chiyambukiro cha kulemba mawu oipa. Komabe, pamene ndawala zikhala zolemba mawu ambiri, mzera pakati pa kudziŵitsa wovota ndi kuwasintha wasintha.

Kuyang'ana mwakuya pa psychology ya kusatsa malonda koipa, Pew Research Center yafalitsa kusanthula pa chivoti ku liwu la ndawala. Kufufuza kwawo kwa mkupiti [[FLT: 0] 2020 [ kumagogomezera mmene kutsatsa malonda koipa kumaumba malingaliro a oyembekezera onse aŵiri.

Mmene Kupotoza Kumathandizira Maluso Oipa

Kufufuza kopotoletsa kaŵirikaŵiri kumathandiza kukulitsa kulemberana mawu olakwika. Iwo angapereke chidziŵitso chovulaza m’maganizo a ovota, kupanga malingaliro osatsimikizirika kukhala ofalikira kwambiri popanda kuvumbula poyera magwero a uthenga. Kusintha kumeneku kumakulitsa mphamvu za ndawala zoipa mwa kunyalanyaza chitetezo cha wovotayo. Wosankha amene akumva mawu olakwika pa wailesi yakanema angakupeputsa kukhala nkhani yolipiridwa. Koma kusanthula kochitidwa monga ngati kuti nkhani yosaloŵerera ikhoza kutsegulidwa pansi pa radar, kubzalira mbewu ya kukayikira kumene akuganiza kuti kwapezedwa.

Kugwiritsira Ntchito Maluso Amaganizo

Kufufuza kopotozera kudyera masuku pamutu kumachititsa kukondera kwa choonadi, kumene kuyang'ana mobwerezabwereza ku mawu onenedwa kumawonjezera kuwona kwake kooneka. Ngakhale ngati wovotayo akana kutchula mawuwo panthaŵi ya chiitano, kungotchula kugwirizanitsa kosayenerako m'maganizo. Pambuyo pake, pamene wovotayo ayang'anizananso ndi dzina la wopikisanayo, chiyambukiro chosakondweretsa chimawonjezedwa pamene kufunsirako kumaphatikizidwa ndi mawu ena olakwika. Wovotayo amaloŵa ndi manyuzi ambiri, kuwonjezera nkhani imodzimodziyo.

Chinsinsi china cha maganizo ndicho kuvomereza. Osankha akadziŵa kuti akupotozedwa, angatsutse uthengawo. Koma kukakamiza kupenda kungasokoneze cholinga chawo, kuchepetsa chivoti. Wovotayo akuona kuti akutenga nawo mbali m'kufufuza, osati kulandira manenanena. chinyengo chimenechi chimasonkhezera kupenda kochenjera kwambiri poyerekezera ndi kusatsa malonda koipa kwapamwamba.

Kusonkhanitsa Maumboni ndi Kunyamula Mauthenga Ang’onoang’ono

Ngakhale kuti kukakamiza anthu kufufuza sikuli kufufuza kowona, iwo adakali olandira mayankho a ovota. Mkampeni ungalembe kuti sizingachitike kuti zichirikize wobatizidwa pambuyo pomva kukwiya. Chidziŵitso chimenechi chimaloŵetsa m'njira zopotoza ovota: awo amene amakayikira angapangidwe ndi kutumiza mauthenga ena olakwika kapena, koma, kunyalanyazidwa ngati aoneka ngati sakufuna. Mwa njira imeneyi, kukakamiza kufufuza kumachita ntchito yoŵiri. Iwo amafalitsa chidziŵitso choipa ndi kusiyanitsa mbali zosatetezereka za voti.

Kuphatikizana koipa ndi kusonkhanitsa chidziŵitso kumapanga kufufuza kokakamiza mwamphamvu [1] ndi koopsa . . . . Federal Evolution Commission (FEC) yalingalira ngati kukakamiza kufunsira kuli mtundu wa zowonongedwa za mkupiti ku malamulo a kuvumbula. Komabe, malamulo akhalabe osiyana. Kupenda tsatanetsatane kwa zigamulo za FEC, fufuzani chitsogozo chake

Zitsanzo Zakale za Kupotoza Zinthu Zochita Anthu

Kuzindikira kukakamiza kufufuza kumafuna kuyang'ana pa zochitika zenizeni kumene njirayo inasintha ndandanda ya ndawala. Chitsanzo choipitsitsa ndi cha 2000 pulezidenti wa Republica comage ku South Carolina . Mpikisano wa George W. Bush ndi John McKain, ovota osafufuzidwa analandira mafoni: "Kuti mwina mukhale mwa kuthekera kwambiri kuvotera John McCaine ngati mukudziŵa kuti anabala mwana wakuda? (McCan ndi mkazi wake analera mwana wamkazi wa ku Bangladesh). Funso lowonekera bwino linali lokakamiza kusanthula, monga momwe palibe umboni wochirikiza mawuwo. Lina linali kuchirikiza chilikizo la fuko pakati pa Frocester. Bush adalandira South Carolina ndi kukana kwa , ndipo kufufuzakomedwa mofala kwambiri monga mkupiti wa Zamakhalidwe abwino.

Chitsanzo china chinachitika mu 2016 Democratic pakati pa Hillary Clinton ndi Bernie Sanders. Zikalata zinasonyeza kuti PCC CN pulogalamu yaikulu kwambiri inachititsa kafukufuku mu New Hampshire, kuitanira ovota ndi mafunso olakwika onena za kusasankhidwa kwa Sanders. Mkupiti wa Clinton unakana nzeru, koma chochitikacho chinasonyeza mmene kusanthula kungapangidwire m'magulu otsatsa malonda ooneka ngati oyenera.

Kufufuza kokakamiza sikuli kolekezera ku mipikisano ya pulezidenti. Pa masankho a kumaloko, oyembekezera kubatizidwa agwiritsira ntchito kufalitsa mphekesera ponena za machitidwe a malonda a adani kapena miyoyo ya munthu mwini. Mwachitsanzo, mpikisano wa boma wa 2018 mu Missouri unasonkhezera kufufuza kuti woyang'anira wa m'gulu la boma wasankha kukweza misonkho, ngakhale kuti chivoticho chinali cha kuchepetsa ndalama. Chinenero cha kupenda chinali chothandiza kwambiri kwakuti chinasintha kufalitsa nkhani kwa milungu ingapo.

Mafomu osacheperapo aliponso. Ena amakakamiza anthu kugwiritsa ntchito "mafunso a munthu" kunyoza malo a wopikisana naye. Mwachitsanzo, funso lingayambe ndi "Kodi mumachirikiza makonzedwe a X akuchotsa inshuwalansi ya thanzi kwa mamiliyoni ambiri? pamene cholinga chenicheni cha wofunsirayo chikhala kusintha koyenera. Kukambirana kumeneku kumasintha molakwika, kukakamiza wopikisanayo kuteteza malo amene sanasungepo.

Kwa zitsanzo ndi kusanthula kowonjezereka, nkhani ya FactCheck .org yonena za kufufuzira kopititsirapo imapereka chithunzi chokwanira cha malungika ndi machenjera enieni.

Kusamalira Kwalamulo ndi Kwalamulo

Kufufuza kokakamiza kumadzutsa nkhaŵa za makhalidwe chifukwa chakuti kaŵirikaŵiri samaona bwino ndipo amasokeretsa ovota. Mwalamulo, maulamuliro ena amalamulira ntchito yawo, koma osungitsa malamulo amasiyana. Mzera pakati pa njira zofufuzira ndi kupotoza ukhoza kukhala wosaonekera bwino nthaŵi zina, kuchititsa mkangano wopitirizabe wa chilungamo m'masankho. Pamlingo wa boma, foni Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) imaletsa kulira kwa opanga popanda chilo, koma kukakamiza kupenda kumachitidwa ndi oimba okhalitsa, kuswa lamulolo. Malamulo a mpikisano amafuna kuvumbula ndalama zowonongedwa, koma kukakamiza masankhoma makampani angaperekedwe monga “kufufuza" kapena“ kugwirizana kwa anthu ” ndipo motero kupulumuka kuwonekera bwino.

Kusintha kwa Boma

Mayiko ena akhazikitsa malamulo apadera. Mwachitsanzo, lamulo la New Hampshire la “kufufuza ” limaletsa munthu aliyense kuchita kafukufuku amene sadziwa woperekayo ndi amene ali ndi chidziŵitso chonyenga. Boma limafunanso kukakamiza ofufuza kuti aulule kumene kuli ndalama zawo. Komabe, lamulo loletsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalamazo n’lovuta chifukwa chakuti kaŵirikaŵiri oimba foni amachokera m’boma kapena amagwiritsira ntchito zibowo.

Mabungwe ofufuza, kuphatikizapo AAPOR ndi National Council on Public Polls (NCPP), ali ndi miyezo yomveka yoletsa kufufuzira. Amatsutsa kuti kachitidweko kamawononga mbiri ya kufufuza ndi kufooketsa chidaliro cha anthu m'zochitika za demokalase. NCPP imasonkhezera ofalitsa nkhani kukhala okayikira "chiwonongeko" chilichonse chimene chikuoneka ngati chikusonkhezera nkhani inayake. Atolankhani amaphunzitsidwa kusiyanitsa pakati pa kufufuza kovomerezeka ndi kukakamiza kufufuza, koma kusiyanako sikumakhala koonekera kwa ovomereza nthaŵi zonse.

Kuŵerengera ndi Kuukira

Pamene kukakamiza kufufuza kulowa m'matonzo kapena mawu onama, ofunsirawo angapereke mlandu. Mu 2012, woloŵa m'bungwe ku Illinois anaimba mlandu mlandu umene unamchititsa kukakamiza kufunsa mlandu mwa kunena kuti adaimbidwa mlandu (analibe). Mlanduwo unakhazikika, koma ukusonyeza maupandu alamulo. Komabe, pofika nthaŵi yopereka chigamulo, kusankhidwako kumakhala kutha. Chivoti cha kukakamiza mayeso [1] Kaŵirikaŵiri amachitidwa usiku .

Ochirikiza ena akuvomereza kaamba ka malamulo amphamvu a boma, monga ngati kufuna maimelo onse andale zadziko kuphatikizapo kuvumbulidwa kwa ndawala yochirikiza kapena komiti. Ena akulingalira kuti kukakamiza kugawana monga m'zopereka za mtundu uliwonse kwa wobatizidwa, kufuna kuvumbulidwa kwa FEC. kufikira pano, malingaliro ameneŵa atha chifukwa cha nkhaŵa za ufulu. Supreme Court yatetezera mbiri ya kulankhula kwandale, ngakhale pamene kuli kosocheretsa, pokhapo ngati igwera m'magulu onga ngati kuipitsa kapena chinyengo.

Chiyambukiro pa Kusinthasintha kwa Zinthu ndi Demokrase

Pamene kuli kwakuti kusanthula kokakamiza ndi njira zoipa zingakhale zogwira ntchito pokopa ovota, iwonso ali pangozi ya kuchepetsa njira za demokrase . Angawonjezere kuwonjezereka kwa kugaŵa, kunama, ndi kusuliza. Kuphunzitsa anthu za njira zimenezi nkofunika kwambiri kuti asunge dongosolo la demokrase lathanzi. Kufufuza kumasonyeza kuti ovota ofufuza apeza kuti akuchepetsa kudalirana kwa osanthula ndi kapesedwe ka ziphuphu. Kutha kwa kukhulupirika kumeneku kungafooketse mtima, monga momwe nzika zawo zimaonera kuti kusanthulako sikuli kanthu.

Chiyambukiro Chosonkhezera

Kufufuza kolakwika kumasokoneza kwambiri magulu a anthu, koma kufufuza kokakamiza kumagaŵanitsa kwambiri chifukwa chakuti kumalimbana ndi zinthu zina. M'malo ogaŵanikana, kumachititsa anthu kukayikira kumene kulipo. Wosankha amene akukaikira kale wobatizidwa angapeze kuti akukayikira ndi kufufuza kokakamiza, kuwapangitsa kusamasuka kwambiri ku chidziŵitso cholimbikitsa chapambuyo pake. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, zimenezi zimayambitsa chitsutso chimene ofufuzawo amalandirako mphamvu yotsutsa mbali inayo, kuwonjezera kuyambukira kwawo.

Mfundo Zolakwika Ndiponso Mavuto Omwe Akubukapo

Kufufuza kopotoka ndi mtundu wa nkhani zandale. Mosiyana ndi makampani ofufuza a mavairasi, kukakamiza kufufuza n’kwachinsinsi, kukuwapangitsa kukhala ovuta kutsimikizira mfundo. Palibe cholembedwa cha anthu kusiyapo ngati wolandirayo agwirizana. Pofika nthaŵi yopenda mfundozo, mafoniwo atha. Zimenezi zimasonkhezera kufufuza phindu lapadera: iwo amagwira ntchito m’zithunzi. Olemba nkhani akulimbikitsa kwambiri ovota kuti anene kuti apetse mafoni a masankhoti, koma kuti apereke phee zochepa chabe.

Anthu amene amalandira mapulogalamu ofufuzira angachititse kuti anthu ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mafoni kapena mafoni, ma TV kapena mawailesi, mafilimu, mafilimu kapena mafilimu, mafilimu, mafilimu, mafilimu, mafilimu, ma TV, ma TV, ndi ma TV, ma TV, ma TV, ndi ma TV, ma TV, mafilimu, ma TV, ma TV, ndi ma TV, ma TV, ma TV, ndi ma TV, ma TV, ndi ma TV, ma TV, ma TV, ma TV, ndi ma TV kapena ma TV.

Kusuliza ndi Kululuza

Kupezeka mobwerezabwereza ku ndawala zoipa, kuphatikizapo kufunsira kokakamiza, kumachititsa kukayikira. Ofufuza ayamba kuganiza kuti kulankhulana kwa ndale zonse n’konyenga. Pamene kuli kwakuti kukayikira koyenera kuli kopindulitsa, kusakhulupirira kotheratu kungatsogolere ku kutaya mtima. Ngati osankha onse amakhulupirira kuti wobatizidwa ali ndi chidetso kapena wosaona mtima, angapeŵe kuvota. Kutsika kwamphamvu kumayambukira achichepere ndi osankha oyamba, kutuluka m'chosankha chauchikale, chowonjezereka . Motero, kulimbikitsa kusakaza machitachita machitachita owononga kampani a munthuwekha komanso kufooketsa malo a democracy.

Maboma ena ayesa kuletsa zimenezi mwa kupititsa patsogolo maprogramu a kuulutsira nkhani. Mwachitsanzo, bungwe la Ecommotion Application Commission limapereka zinthu zothandiza anthu kudziŵikitsa mavoti okakamiza kufunkha ndi njira zina zotsutsira. Mabungwe a Nonpartin onga la League of Women Voters amayendetsa makampani a maphunziro. Komabe, kukakamiza anthu kufunsira kumapanikiza kumakhala kovuta.

Kuyerekezera Kupotoza ndi Maluso Ena Oipa

Kuti timvetsetse bwino kugwirizana kwa pakati pa kufufuza kokakamiza ndi kupikisana koipa, kumathandiza kuyerekezera kufufuza kokakamiza ndi njira zina zofala:

  • [[FLT: 0] Mauthenga a Attck: TV ndi kusatsa malonda kwa foni kumasuliza poyera wopikisana naye. N’zooneka, zoperekedwa kwa wochirikiza, ndi zoulutsidwa. Ma Voter angakome zokhalamo ndi kubwezera. Kufufuza kokakamiza, nkosadziŵika ndipo kumapeŵa kuyang'anitsitsa anthu.
  • Kulira : [[FLT :1] Kuimbira foni kodzifunira kuli chiŵiya china, koma ma rodocall ambiri ali osuliza bwino [1] "X ali ndi chiphuphu" kwenikweni. Kufufuza kokakamiza kumabisa uthenga umodzimodzi monga funso, kuwapangitsa kukhala ochenjera kwambiri.
  • Mkupiti wa pepala: Tromors wofalikira ndi pakamwa pakati pa otembenuza okangalika. Kufufuza kwa flash kukonza njira imeneyi, kulola mkupiti kufikira zikwi za ovota ndi mphekesera imodzi m’maola oŵerengeka.
  • Kusatsa malonda a ndalama: Mapikica oyendetsedwa ndi magulu amene saulula opereka. Zonse ziŵiri kukakamiza mapendedwe ndi kusatsa malonda a ndalama zodetsedwa kunyonyotsoka, koma kukakamiza kusanthula sikungatsatiridwe chifukwa sizimasiya cholembedwa chachikhalire.

Kuyerekezera kumeneku kumasonyeza kuti mapendedwe okakamiza ali ndi malo apadera: ali otsika, otsika, ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Kukhoza kwawo kuphatikiza chinyengo ndi kusonkhanitsa chidziŵitso kumawapangitsa kukhala chida chokondedwa cha mkupiti wofunitsitsa kuwongolera malamulo a makhalidwe abwino.

Njira Zothandiza Anthu Ogwira Ntchito za M’mafakitale Kuzindikira Zoipa Zokopa Anthu

Kuzindikira kupenda kokakamiza ndiko sitepe loyamba lopezerapo mphamvu pa zotulukapo zake.

  • Chilengezocho chimachokera ku nambala yosadziŵika, kaŵirikaŵiri yosadziŵika.
  • Munthuyo amadzitcha kuti ndi wochititsa foni koma nthaŵi zambiri amafunsa mafunso ambirimbiri kapena ochititsa munthu kufunsira munthu mmodzi.
  • Mafunso opereka chidziŵitso choipa mu "mukachirikizabe..." mpangidwe.
  • Woimbayo samapereka maziko omveka a zimene akunenazo, kapena njira yozitsimikizira.
  • Chikalatacho sichikupempha kuti anthu apeze nkhani zopezeka m’mabuku ovomerezeka ofufuza (amene ali ndi zaka, maphunziro, ndi zina zotero).

Ngati wovota akayikira kufunsira kokakamiza, ayenera kuima ndi kuyang'ana nambala ndi tsatanetsatane aliyense. Kuitana kwa bungwe la chisankho kapena FEC kungathandize kukulitsa mlandu wa kusungitsa. Komabe, popeza kuti kukakamiza kusanthula kaŵirikaŵiri kumavomerezedwa ndi lamulo, chonulirapo chiri cha kuzindikira kwa anthu koposa kumangidwa. Olembawo angagaŵanenso zokumana nazo zawo ndi magulu ofufuza zenizeni onga FactCcop.org kapena Politifact.

Ndawala zoulutsira nkhani zimalimbikitsa ovota "kuchepetsa kuzungulira kwa thambo" mwa kufunsa mafunso ovuta: Kodi ndani amene analipira chiitano chimenechi? Kodi ndiumboni wotani umene umachirikiza mfundo imeneyi yochokera kwa munthu wodalirika?

Tsogolo la Kupotoza ndi Kukonza Zinthu Molakwika

Pamene luso la zopangapanga liyamba kusintha, kufunsira kokakamiza kudzakhala kwaluso kwambiri. Makalata okakamiza kujambula ayamba kale kuoneka [1] Ofufuza alandira magwiriro ofufuza kuchokera ku SMS amene amatsogolera ku mawebusaiti okhala ndi mafunso ambiri. Njira yomweyi imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa masiteshoni a makampani a zaumoyo kudzera pa mauthenga otsatsa malonda otsanzira mayeso. Kudzipangira ndi luntha la kupeputsa kungasonkhetse kukwera mtengo ndi kosavuta kupha, ovota osefukira ndi ongopekedwa ndi manyusi odzidwa ndi anthu.

Pa nthawi imodzi, maulamuliro amachititsa kuti anthu azitsatira mfundo zosiyanasiyana. Mayiko ena akufuna kuti pakhale njira zonse zotumizirana zinthu zandale. Kuphatikizanso kufufuza kwa anthu atatu opereka ndalama. Pambuyo pake, bungwe la Honest Ads Act, lomwe linayambitsidwa m'Congress, likhoza kuwonjezera malamulo odziwiratu kwa anthu onse olandira ndalama, omwe angapindulitse mayeso ochitidwa pa Intaneti. Pamene kuli kwakuti lamuloli silinapitirire, chichilikizo cha pulogalamu ya kampeni chikukula.

Kampeni zimene zingachititse anthu kusafufuza pamene ovota azindikira bwino. Ofufuza a University of Michigan anapeza kuti osankha amene anatulukira kuti kuitanirako ndiko kufunsira anaipidwa kwambiri ndi onse aŵiri ochirikiza ndalama ndi njira ya ndale zadziko. Chiyambukiro chimenechi chikusonyeza kuti kukakamiza kufunsira kungakhale kochepetsetsa kwa makampani, makamaka poyang'ana mosamalitsa masankho kumene kutsatiridwa kwa manyuzipepala kumatsatira ndalama.

Komabe, njira yachinsinsi, yothandiza ipitirizabe kwa ena. Unansi pakati pa kufunsira kokakamiza ndi njira zoipa za mkupiti ndizo kusokoneza: kukakamiza kutumiza mauthenga onyansa kutheketsa osankha kutumiza mauthenga olakwika mwanjira imene imanyalanyaza chitetezo chawo, pamene kuli kwakuti njira zosayenera zimasonkhezera kufufuza cholinga chawo. Kuswa dongosololi kumafuna maphunziro osankha, makhalidwe amphamvu pakati pa ofufuza, ndi malamulo amene amatsekereza njira popanda kudodometsa kulankhula kwaufulu.

Umoyo wa demokrase umadalira pa nzika zodziŵa, zoikizidwa. Mwakumvetsetsa kukakamiza kufunsira ndi mbali yawo m'kutsutsa koipa, ovota angachinjirize kusagwiritsira ntchito molakwa ndi kukakamiza miyezo yapamwamba kwa ofuna kusankhidwa. Kuwonana , potsirizira pake, kuli mankhwala abwino koposa a kufalitsa nkhani zokopa. Kuti ndalama zambiri pa kupenda kulankhulana kwa ndale zadziko, funsirani National Conference of State Legislatures [1] patsamba la ndawala.

Kumaliza

Kufufuza kokakamiza ndi njira zolakwika za mkupiti zimayendera pamodzi muunansi umene umasokoneza malingaliro a wina ndi mnzake. Kufufuza kokakamiza kumatumikira monga galimoto yoberekera kaamba ka chidziŵitso choipa, kugwiritsira ntchito kukondera kwa maganizo ndi zolembedwa kuchotsa kudalira kwa wovota. Pamene kuli kwakuti mpikisano wosalimbikitsa uli mbali yapadera ya masankho, kusonkhezera kupenda kuwonjezera chinyengo chimene chimawononga chivomerezo cha chidziŵitso. Zoters, atolankhani, ndi oyendetsa ntchito onse ali ndi ntchito zothandizira kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu. Wosankhidwayo wokhala ndi kuonekera bwino ndi kufunidwa kwa njira zimenezi. Kumapeto, ntchito za demokrase ikafuna kugwirizanitsa kusemphana kwenikweni kwa obatizidwa, pamene ofufuzawombawo sachitidwa ndi mauthenga obisidwa kukayikira.