Chiyambi: Kusintha Makina Oteteza Anthu

Madipatimenti a boma ku United States akutenga luso la zopangapanga kukhala maziko a njira zamakono zotetezera anthu. Kuyambira apolisi a m'tauni yochepa mpaka mabungwe oyendetsa zinthu zadzidzidzi, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zamakono kukukonzanso mmene malamulo a boma, oyankha oyamba, ndi anthu a m'dera lawo amagwirira ntchito pamodzi kuti ateteze upandu ndi kuyankha mavuto. Zoyesayesa zimenezi zimayendetsedwa ndi lonjezo la nthawi za kuyankha mofulumira, kuyang'ana molondola, ndi kudalira kwambiri kwa anthu. Komabe, kusinthaku kumabweretsanso mafunso ovuta okhudza kukhala obisika, equity, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwatha ntchito kwathayo. Nkhaniyi ikufufuza njira zofunika zamakono zimene zikutumizidwa, zitukutsidwa ndi kuyankha mwamsanga, zokambirana za anthu, ndi kutsimikizira kolondola, ndi kudalirana kwamphamvu kumene kukuchitika patsogolo. Komabe, kudalirana kwa anthu ambiri kukubweretsa mavuto.

Njira Zopangira Njira Zamakono

Madipatimenti a boma akuika ndalama zambiri pa zipangizo zamakono zimene sizikungokhudza chabe kutumiza ndi kuyendera magalimoto a wailesi.

Kupima Nthaŵi Kopita Patsogolo ndi Kwanthaŵi Yenieni

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Kulosera za Kuchiritsa ndi Kufotokoza Zinthu

Zida zapolisi zoneneratu za kutsogolo zikufotokoza mbiri ya upandu, maderudenti a nyengo, ndi ngakhale ziganizo za mayanjano za kutsogolo kumene kungachitike ndi pamene upandu ukhoza kuchitika. Mabungwe a boma amagwiritsira ntchito zonenera zimenezi kupatsa apolisi olondera, kusintha madeti, ndi kutumiza chuma ku madera apamwamba. Mwachitsanzo, Illinois State Police agwirizana ndi ofufuza za yunivesite kuti apange chitsanzo choneneratu chimene chimachepetsa kuba kwa anthu ndi 25% m’madera oyendetsa ndege. Komabe, otsutsa akuchenjeza kuti chidziŵitso cha mbiri yakale chingatsogolere ku madera ochepa. Kuchepetsa zimenezi, madipatimenti ambiri tsopano amafunikira kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira kwa ndandanda kwa ndandanda ya za malamulo a za ku wailesi.

Makina Opangira Makina ndi Makina Ochititsa Chidwi

Pamene ntchito zaupandu zikuwonjezereka pa Intaneti, madipatimenti a boma apanga malabola a zamagetsi apadera. Mabungwewa amagwira ntchito zonse kuyambira pa kufufuza ana ndi kuukira kwa makampani a makampani. Amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapamwamba kuti apezenso chidziŵitso, atsimikizire, ndi a ziganizo za makampani. Bungwe la Texas la Public Safety, mwachitsanzo, limagwiritsa ntchito malo a pa Intaneti amene amathandiza kukhazikitsa malo achinsinsi a Intaneti omwe akuthandiza kuti zinthu zikhale zotetezeka popanda kugwiritsa ntchito maluso a zapamwamba. Mwa kuchita kampani ya kampani yoteteza zachilengedwe, ingapereke chithandizo chovuta chimene chikhoza kugonjetsa anthu a m'dziko. Bungwe la National Institute of Justice (NIJ) limapereka chithandizo chothandiza kukhazikitsa ndi kukonzetsa malo oteteza malowa, pozindikira kuti masiku ano zinthu zoopseza anthu otetezeka.

Antchito a M’munda Amagwiritsa Ntchito Kawirikawiri

Smartphone, magome, ndi makamera a m'makompyuta akhala kope lofala kwa apolisi ambiri ndi maofesala a m'magalimoto aakulu. Ma apulogalamu a galimoto amalola apolisi kuyendera macheke a macheke, mafaelo, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nthaŵi yeniyeni yanthaŵi ku magalimoto awo. Zimenezi zimachepetsa nthaŵi yothera pa kompyuta ndipo zikuwonjezera malo. Bungwe la Connecticut State Police linatumiza pulogalamu imene imangoganizira kuti itseke ndi machenjezo a nyengo ya magetsi kwa mkulu aliyense, kudula kuchuluka kwa wailesi. Kamera za m'matupi, zakhala zowongo ndi umboni wothandiza kukonza makamera ndi kuwonjezera njira zoyang'anira zinthu za m'mitambo. Bungwe la International Kingster of Police (ICPC) limapereka makompyuta a bungwe la kamera angapo ogwirizana.

Kusintha Zinthu ndi Kugwirizana

Chimodzi cha mavuto aakulu kwambiri pa kuteteza anthu ndi kuchuluka kwa chidziŵitso pakati pa mabungwe osiyanasiyana , apolisi, EMS, maulamuliro a zamwadzidzidzi, ndiponso ngakhale mayiko ena. Kuti athetse zopinga zimenezi, maboma ambiri akumanga mapulatifomu ogwirizana pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zoyang'anira zinthu. Mapulatifomuwa amaphatikiza mafaelo a upandu, mafaelo a makampani, ndi nthawi yeniyeni yokwanira yoikamo zinthu zofufuzira, yoyendera ndi zoyendera. Mwachitsanzo, Washington Fusion Center . [1] Mapulatifomu ogwirizana kuti aperekere ndemanga zowonetsa ndi malamulo akwanitsira malamulo akwawo ndi antchito achinsinsi. Njira zapadera sizimangothandiza kufufuza kochitidwa mofulumira koma kuyankha kochitidwa pa nthaŵi yatsoka zazikulu.

Zotsatirapo Zamwamsanga

Pakachitika ngozi zamwadzidzidzi, kaya masoka achilengedwe, zochitika zowombera mfuti, kapena mavuto a zaumoyo a anthu onse, zingapangitse kuti moyo ukhale wosiyana ndi imfa.

Chachiŵiri Chambadwo 911 ndi Kudikira

Maboma ambiri akusintha kuchoka ku njira ya alog 911 kupita ku Mbadwo Uli Pambuyo pa 911 (NG 9611) imene imachirikiza mawu, vidiyo, ndi chidziŵitso chenicheni cha malo. Zimenezi zimapangitsa oimba kutumiza zithunzi za wokayikira kapena vidiyo yangozi ya moyo kwa otumiza. Maboma onga Colorado aphatikiza ndi GN 67911 ndi Zengeti Yoletsa Kulira Kwa Anthu (WA), kutumiza tsunami kapena machenjezo a moto ku mafoni onse m'dera lokhala ndi cholinga. Federal Communications Commission (FC) yakhazikitsa nthaŵi ya kutumiza dziko lonse lapansi, ndipo madipatimenti a boma akuthamanga kuti akonzetse ntchito yawo.

Maselo Okhala ndi Madzi Otsekemera ndi Opanda Anthu

Madoko apanga zida zofunika kwambiri zofufuzira ndi kupulumutsa, kuzima moto, ndi kupenda tsoka. Onyamula makina ojambula ndi magudumu, angapeze oyenda panyanja otayika m’nkhalango zothithina kapena kupereka ma defibrillator ku malo akutali a ngozi. Dipatimenti ya Florida ya Emergency Management imatumiza gulu la drones zimene zimapereka marenaissance pamphepo ya mphepo, kupenda kuwonongeka kwa magulu ankhondo a pansi panthaka asanaloŵe bwino. Mayiko enanso akugwiritsa ntchito ma dron kuyang'anira misonkhano yaikulu, monga magawo kapena kutsutsa, kuti ateteze. Bungwe la Federa Aviation Adviation Administration (FA) lalola anthu onse kugwiritsa ntchito kwa makampani, ndi kukonza njira zoyendera malo kumene akukula bwino.

Kugwirizana kwa Kulankhulana ndi Kutsenderezedwa Kotakata kwa Ovomereza Oyambirira

Pa nthawi ya 9 / 11 ya kuukira ndi mphepo ya mkuntho Katrina, kulephera kwa kulankhulana pakati pa mabungwe kunali vuto lalikulu. Poyankha, mayiko apanga mipambo ya anthu olankhulapo. A bungwe la First Net, loyang'anira pulogalamu ya AT&T pansi pa pangano la boma, limapereka malo oyamba ndi opulumukira oyenera kuteteza anthu onse pa 4G/5Gladect. Maboma oposa 20 asaina mapangano a kugwiritsira ntchito FirstNet, kutsimikizira kuti apolisi, moto, ndi EMS angagaŵire pamodzi vidiyo, chidziŵitso, ndi mawu mopanda chisoni. Zimenezi ndi zofunika kwambiri makamaka m'nthaŵi imene mabungwe ambiri a boma la Homesland Security (DS) liyenera kuyendera pamodzi, ndi mali apachaka.

Malo a Upandu ndi Malamulo a Nthaŵi Zokwanira 2016

Maiko ambiri akhazikitsa malo enieni ochitira upandu (RTCC) omwe amagwira ntchito monga malo a mitsempha kuti ayankhe modzidzimutsa. Analysts amayang'anira chakudya kuchokera ku makamera, ma pronet, ndi manyukishoni a anthu, kugaŵira otumiza ndi akuluakulu a m’munda okhala ndi luntha logwira ntchito. Mkati mwa 2023 Maui malo ochitirako upandu, Hawaii State Emergency Opensts Center adagwiritsira ntchito pafupi ndi malo ojambula ozungulira osonyeza kuti aone anthu osoŵa. Malo ameneŵa amagwiranso ntchito monga mfundo za chidziŵitso cha mlengalenga, kamera ya magetsi, ndi madongosolo a anthu osamala anthu, kutheketsa kuyankha kogwirizana kudutsa madera ambiri. Virginia State Police RTCC yakhala ndi chilo chakuchepetsa nthaŵi za magalimoto apa moŵalaa.

Kuthandizana ndi Kuthandizana

Madipatimenti a boma akugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono polankhula ndi anthu, kuwauza zinthu zokhudzana ndi chitetezo, ndiponso pothandiza anthu kuti atetezedwe.

Maboard Otetezera Anthu ndi Zotsegulira Zachidziŵitso

Maboma ambiri tsopano amafalitsa mabogi osonyeza ziwerengero za upandu, kumanga, ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zochitika . Malo ameneŵa amalola nzika kuona zochitika m’madera awo, kuyerekezera maulamuliro, ndi kuchititsa mabungwe kuŵerengera. Dipatimenti ya Chilungamo Chotseguka ya California imatumiza chidziŵitso cha chilichonse kuchokera kwa mkulu wa asilikali . Kuwombera mfuti koletsedwa ndi kuima kwa magalimoto, kusweka ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu. Mofananamo, Department of Public Safety imapatsa mapu enieni a Amber Alerts, msewu waukulu, ndi kulembetsa kwa olakwa pa za kugonana. Ziwitso zimenezi zimapititsa patsogolo kuwala ndi kulangiza anthu kuti asiye kuyendetsa ntchito ya lamulo la lamulo mu 063gesoge.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mafoni ndi Mafilimu

Mabungwe a boma akuyambitsa ma apulogalamu a m'magalimoto amene amalola nzika kupereka lipoti la zochitika zosadziŵika bwino, kutumiza ndalama zosadziŵika, ndi kulandira zizindikiro za chitetezo. Mwachitsanzo, New Jersey State Police app imaphatikizapo “Mboni yodalirika” yopereka malangizo kwa wotumizayo pamene akufufuza. Mapulatifomu a za makampani monga Twitter ndi Seteo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza zinthu zenizeni za pamsewu, mfundo zoletsa upandu, ndi kusowa kwa anthu. Maboma angapo ayambanso kutumiza maholo a tauni kumene anthu angakambirane mwachindunji ndi operekera malangizo, kulimbikitsa kukambitsirana kwa mbiri imene manyuzipepala a za nyuzipepala a kanema sangakhoze kuipeza.

Kuphunzitsa ndi Kuphunzitsa Anthu Mwaluso

Luso la zopangapanga logwira ntchito limangokhala labwino kokha pamene anthu oyendetsa ntchitoyi akusintha maphunziro a sukulu kuti aphatikizepo zojambula za kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa masamu, kukondera, ndi zoyenera za anthu. Programme ya Nevada Peace Manerty Magence and Training (POST) ino ikufuna kuti onse alembetse maluso ogwirizana ndi kujambula kwa mtundu wa anthu poyerekezera kulinganiza za mapulogalamu oneneratu za mwambo. Kuwonjezera apo, maboma ambiri amalamula kuti pachaka pakhale maphunziro a kamera ndi mathero a masamu. Mapulice Aunike Ofufuza za Pa za Umisinkhu Wamakono Forum (PPFF) akupereka maluso abwino kwambiri ogwirizanitsa ndi mapulinsipulogalamu a , kugogomezera kuti luso la zauchialamu liyenera kuwonjezera chiweruzo cha anthu, osati kulowa mmalo mwa ilo.

Kuyang’anira ndi Kukonza Zinthu Mwaluso

Maboma ena akhazikitsa makompyuta kuti anthu apereke umboni wokhudza zochita za ofisala kapena kusimba za kusamvera. Mabungwe ameneŵa amapimidwa ndi mabungwe a boma, kutsimikizira kuti nkhaŵa za anthu zikupendedwa popanda kukondera. Colorado State Patrol inagwiritsa ntchito njira ya pa Intaneti yomwe imathandiza anthu kutumiza mwachindunji umboni wa vidiyo. Ngakhale kuti ndi atsopano, zipangizo zimenezi ndi mbali ya kuyesayesa kwakukulu kwa kukonzanso chikhulupiriro pambuyo pa zochitika zazikulu za 76 . Kufufuza kochitidwa ndi Pew Research Center kunapeza kuti 61% ya achikulire amakhulupirira kuti tekinoloji ingawonjezere kuŵerengera kwa apolisi, koma ngati uyang'aniro wamphamvu ukhoza kuyendera ntchito yake.

Mavuto Amene Tikukumana Nawo M’tsogolo

Mosasamala kanthu za lonjezo la luso la zopangapanga, madipatimenti a boma amayang’anizana ndi zopinga zazikulu zimene ziyenera kukonzedwa kuti akwaniritse kuthekera kwake kotheratu.

Kudera Nkhaŵa za Kukhala Wekha ndi Kumasuka kwa Pachiweniweni

Madongosolo ambiri olondera, malamulo oletsa kuyang'anira, ndi luso la zojambulajambula lachititsa mkangano waukulu. Ochirikiza ufulu wa anthu akunja akuchenjeza kuti kusonkhanitsa zinthu kosaletsedwa kungachenjezetse chitsutso chololedwa, kukhudza anthu a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndi kugwetsa madesiki a Folderment. Mayiko ambiri, kuphatikizapo Oregon ndi Vermont, akhazikitsa malamulo oletsa kugwiritsa ntchito nkhope yovomerezeka ndi osungidwa ndi lamulo. Madipatimenti a boma angafufuze bwino nkhani zimenezi mwa kutsatira malamulo okhwima a za kuyang'anira: kuchepetsa nyengo za kudalirana, kufuna zilozo kaamba ka mafunso ena a za chidziŵitso, ndi kufalitsa nkhani zowonekera bwino. The Americanvial Liberies Union (ACL) yapereka lamulo lokhudza kutetezera kusungidwa kwa anthu onse ndi ufulu wachinsinsi.

Kusintha kwa Zinthu

Madongosolo a boma amatsatira kwambiri chidziŵitso cha boma . Zolemba zachindunji, chidziŵitso chaumwini, ndi kuyang'anira kwenikweni kwa nthaŵi. Zili zokhala zokhala ndi zigamulo za oseŵera anjiri, kuphatikizapo magulu a okonza makampani ndi mautumiki a luntha achilendo. Mu 2022, apolisi a ku Alabama anavutika ndi chigwirizanitso cha mafashoni amene anachotsa njira zothandizira zigaŵenga za boma kwa milungu ingapo. Kulimbana ndi chiwopsezo chimenechi, maboma akuika ndalama m'malo otetezera, kuchititsa kuyesa, ndi kuphunzitsa antchito m'ukhondo wa pa Intaneti. Chybersecurity ndi Infraclature Security Agency (CISAA) imaperekanso masinthidwe aufulu a za boma ndi zigamu zakwa zakwawo.

Kupezeka Kosakondera ndi Kugaŵanika kwa Makompyuta

Luso la zopangapanga lapita patsogolo silifalitsidwa mokulira. Madera akumidzi kaŵirikaŵiri alibe kugwirizanitsa kwakukulu. Kupangitsa makampani a boma kukhala ndi mphamvu yeniyeni ya kugawana zinthu, kutuluka kwa mavidiyo, ndi kuyendetsa mavidiyo. Lipoti la 2023 kuchokera ku Boma la Recountacy Office (GAO) linapeza kuti pafupifupi 30% ya mabungwe osungitsa malamulo a m’midzi sangagwiritse ntchito motsimikizirika FirstNet chifukwa cha kukwaniritsa mipata. Madipatimenti a boma ayenera kuchirikiza ndalama za boma kuti athetsere kugaŵa mawindo a manambala. Maboma ena akutumiza makampani a data a galimoto za m'manja ndi makompyuta ogwirizana ndi masetilaiti ogwirizana ndi makompyuta . Kuwonjezerapo, kuyenera kutsimikizira kuti luso la zopangapanga zinthu sizingathetse makompyuta. Kuŵerengera ndi kuyendera kwa chitaganya kwa .

Kupereka Ndalama, Kusungika, ndi Kugwirizana

Kupeza zipangizo zamakono, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi kukonza n’zokwera kwambiri. Mafont ambiri amalemba ndalama zotsala koma osati zomaliza. Madipatimenti ambiri a boma amadalira mapulogalamu a boma monga Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Amponse (JAG) kapena State Homeland Security Grant Program (SSSGP). Komabe, kupikisana ndi ndalama zopereŵera kumatanthauza kukonza zinthu zina pambuyo potha kwa maprogramu a ndege. Makampani odalirika amaphatikizapo kusonkhanitsa zinthu zambiri m'mabungwe, maukwati a anthu onse, ndi mautumiki a pulogalamu a pulogalamu a pulogalamu a boma amwandama amene awononga nthaŵi yaitali. National Criminal Justice Association (NCA) imapereka malangizo othandiza kupanga njira zothandiza kupanga maluso oyendetsera ntchito apamwamba pa pulogalamu ya boma.

Mikhalidwe Yamtsogolo: Kodi Chotsatira Nchiyani?

Kuyang'ana kutsogolo, maluso angapo otulukira adzaumba chisungiko cha anthu m'zaka khumi zikubwerazi. [[FLT: 0] Luntha ndi makina zopanga zinthu zidzakhala zotsogola kwambiri popenda vidiyo, mawu, ndi chidziŵitso cha zinthu zodziŵitsa zapanthaŵi yeniyeni, ngakhale kuti pali zopinga zenizeni pa nthaŵi ya kuima kwa magalimoto kapena zochitika za anthu. [[FLT:] [FLT] [2]] Agalimoto zotetezereka [mayeso [mayeso] oyenera kuyendera kapena kusonkhanitsa umboni wa makompyuta, ngakhale kuti zopinga zalamulo ndi zamakhalidwe zikutsala. [FLT:] Zingateteze umboni wa kusungidwa kwa kamera ndi kusungidwa kwa anthu opanga makompyuta. [FT] Okhoza kuchepetsa mphamvu ya kusungidwa kwa magetsi ndi kutetezera kuwonongeka kwa mphamvu ya kugona kwa mphamvu ya magetsi pakati pa anthu. [F]

Madipatimenti a boma akufufuzanso za “mapasa a mapikipiya". . Nzofanana ndi mizinda imene imaphatikizapo magalimoto enieni a nthaŵi ya 062, nyengo, ndi chidziŵitso cha upandu. Makampani ameneŵa amalola olinganiza zinthu zangozi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu popanda kuika miyoyo ya anthu pangozi. Boma la Ohio layambitsa makina oyendera ndege a likulu lake Columbus, kuti liyang'e zinthu zambiri ndiponso masoka achilengedwe.

Mapeto: Njira Yabwino

Luso la zopangapanga silikuthandiza kuti anthu azikhala ndi moyo wotetezeka, koma ndi lofunika kwambiri. Madipatimenti a boma amene amatsatira njira yothandiza, ya makhalidwe abwino, ndi yothandiza anthu onse, azikhala ndi udindo wogwirizana ndi mphamvu zake komanso asunga kuti anthu azidalirana. Zingatheke kuti makampani athe kukonza zinthu zoyendetsera ntchito zawo.