KUCHITA mbali ya bungwe la Covic kumapanga malo aakulu a kuimira, komabe mamiliyoni a anthu oyenerera amene atsala kumbali. Kuyambira pa misonkhano ya boma mpaka pa masankho a boma, kusiyana pakati pa kutomerana ndi kuloŵerera kwenikweni kukupitirizabe m'madera a anthu. Kuzindikira zochititsa zazikulu za kuchotsapo zinthu . Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zofunika kwambiri zopangira demokrase yomwe imasonyezadi chifuniro cha nzika zake zonse. Nkhaniyi ikufufuza zopinga zofala kwambiri zokhalira ndi kutchula njira zosonyezera umboni zimene madera ndi mabungwe angatsatire kuti achotse zopinga zimenezo.

Kufotokoza Kutenga Nawo Mbali m’Chikhalidwe Chamakono

KUCHITA mbali ina si kuponya pepala lochitira pulogalamu. Kumaphatikizapo kupezeka pa milandu ya anthu, kutumikira pa mabungwe olengeza, kudzipereka kwa akuluakulu osankhidwa, kuchita nawo zionetsero kapena masiteshoni, ndi kuloŵa m'masewero a pa Intaneti okhudza malamulo a dziko. M'boma la demokalase, nzika sizimangosankha zochita zochitidwa ndi anthu ena. Komabe, zochita zimene zimaonedwa kuti "cbic" zawonjezeka m'nyengo ya makono, kupangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta ndi zovuta kwambiri kwa anthu kupeza mfundo zawo.

Kufufuza kuchokera ku Pew Research Center kumasonyeza kuti pamene kuli kwakuti wovota mu chisankho cha pulezidenti wa United States akupitirizabe kuzungulira 60-66%, mitundu ina ya kutengamo mbali . monga ngati kupezeka pa msonkhano wa boma kapena kufikira woimira . Amakhalabe otsika kwambiri, kaŵirikaŵiri pa 20% ya magulu ang'onoang’ono. Kusiya kumeneku kumagogomezera kuti nkhani zolembedwa zokha zimaphimba kwambiri. Kuphatikizako kumatanthauza kutsimikizira kuti munthu aliyense, mosasamala kanthu za chiyambi chake, kungathandize pa zosankha zimene zimakhudza moyo wawo wa tsiku ndi tsiku.

Zopinga Zofala za Kugawanamo

Zolepheretsa kulonjezana pangano m’boma si zachilendo; kaŵirikaŵiri zimagaŵikana, kuchititsa kusokonezeka maganizo. m’munsimu ndizo zopinga zofala kwambiri, zonse zimene zinafufuzidwa mwatsatanetsatane.

Kusoŵeka kwa Kusamala

Nzika zambiri sizidziŵa zimene kutengamo mbali m'boma kumaphatikizapo kapena chifukwa chake kuli kofunika. Kufufuza kwa American Bar Association kunapeza kuti osakwanira mmodzi mwa atatu alionse mwa akuluakulu a boma la U.S. Kusiyana kumeneku kulipo m'magulu a misinkhu, ngakhale kuti ambiri mwa achinyamata amene mwina sanaphunzire maphunziro okhwima kusukulu. Kuwonjezera pa chidziŵitso chachikhalidwe, anthu ambiri sadziwa [[FLT:] pamene kapena kuloŵeza nawo. Iwo angasadziŵe za maphunziro okhwima a boma kusukulu, masankhoti, kapena mipata yaufulu ya anthu odzifunira.

Kuphunzitsa kwa a pasukulu ya sekondale [1] monga makosi a maphunziro odzifunira, malaibulale a boma ovomereza ovota, ndi "Lowani Mtengo" . Mwachitsanzo, Cbivips Education Initive, imene ikufuna ophunzira a sukulu ya sekondale kupambana mayeso a nzika asanamalize kumaliza maphunziro, agwirizana ndi kuwonjezera mlingo wa ovota pakati pa zaka 18 za kutha kwa zaka 18.

Kupeza Chidziŵitso

Ngakhale ngati anthu akudziwa zinthu, mfundo zodalirika ndiponso zapanthawi yake zokhudza ntchito za boma zimavutabe.

Machitidwe abwino kwambiri amaphatikizapo kufalitsa mapepala a pa Intaneti m'zinenero zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mawu osavuta kumva, ndi kufalitsa chidziŵitso kudzera pa wilo yokha monga mabodi a mapepala a uthenga, wailesi, ndi kutumiza mauthenga pakhomo.

Zochititsa Zake za Kakhalidwe ka Zachuma

Zitsenderezo za zachuma zimapanga chopinga champhamvu cha kutengamo mbali. Munthu wogwira ntchito ziŵiri kuti apeze zofunika za moyo sangakhale ndi nthaŵi yolipiridwa yofunikira kuvota kapena kupezeka pa msonkhano wa masana wa m'tauni. Anthu olandira ndalama zochepa sangakhalenso otaya ndalama zambiri kuti apereke ku zifuno za ndale zadziko, kulolera ku kudzipereka, kapena chuma chakupezeka pa zochitika zimene zimafuna zoyendera kapena kusamalira ana.

Malinga ndi kufufuza kofalitsidwa mu Science Review ya zandale ya America . , wovota pakati pa 20% ya opata ali ndi pafupifupi 30 peresenti ya maperesenti otsika kuposa pakati pa 20%. Mpata umenewu umachirikiza malamulo amene kaŵirikaŵiri amachirikiza achuma, kupitiriza kayendedwe ka kutaya. Mayeso onga ngati kupanga holide ya onse, kupereka chivoti pamapeto a mlungu, ndi kupereka chithandizo kwa mamembala a bungwe la chitaganya.

Nkhani za Zoyendera

Kukhoza kuonera malo, maholo a tauni, ndi malo a anthu kudakali kotsekereza anthu ambiri. Kufufuza kwa 2021 kuchokera ku Massachusetts Institute of Technology kunapeza kuti nthaŵi yopita kumalo oonera ili chizindikiro chachikulu cha wovota, makamaka m’madera akumidzi kumene anthu opunduka akhoza kupitirira makilomita 20. Kwa anthu opunduka, madeti osadziŵika bwino kapena kusoŵa kwa malo odutsa opimira galimoto.

Njira zothetsera zimaphatikizapo makampani ovota a kamphindi, malo ovotera oyambirira m'mabwalo a zaulendo, ndi mayanjano ndi oyendetsa magalimoto. Mu Harris County, Texas, programu ya oyendetsa ndege inapereka kukwera kwaulere ku malo oonera pa Tsiku la Chisankho 2022, kutulukapo kukwera kwa madera okhala ndi mbali yochepera ya mbiri.

Zopinga Zachikhalidwe

Malo, chikhalidwe, ndi kusadalirana kwa mbiri yakale zingapatuke m'madera amene saoneka ngati akukhala m’malo a boma. Osamuka ndi ophunzira Chingelezi angavutike ndi zinthu zosankhira, zokambirana za msonkhano, kapena nkhani zamwayi zimene zimalamulira anthu onse. Ndiponso, anthu a mitundu yosiyanasiyana [1] Makamaka Akuda ndi Aninkweni, amatengera choloŵa cha kutaya mtima mwa kuponderezedwa, kupotozedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito gerrymander, ndi kuopseza kwachiwawa. Mbiri imeneyi imayambitsa kukaikirana kuti kaya kutengamo mbali kudzakhala kusintha kwatanthauzo.

Kupikisana kwa chikhalidwe kumafuna zambiri osati kungomasulira. Kumafuna kuti mabungwe a boma alembetse mamembala a m'mabungwe a m'madera amene ali pansi pa malowo, kuchititsa misonkhano m'madera monga matchalitchi kapena malo a chikhalidwe, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopeka zimene zimatsimikizira kuti mawu onse amveka. Mzinda wa Seattle’s "Race and Social Justice Initiction" amawonjezera maphunziro a madipatimenti onse a boma, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zopezeka ndi anthu olankhula Chingelezi pa milandu ya anthu.

Tsankho

Kusankhana kwa madongosolo kumaonekera m'malamulo amene amachepetsa kwambiri mtolo wa anthu. Mwachitsanzo, malamulo a Voter ID aoneka kuti amachepetsa kutchuka pakati pa anthu ochepa ndi otsika amene amavota osaloledwa ndi mitundu ina ya mavoti. Mofananamo, kuchotsa malamulo achinyengo kumaletsa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri a ku America . Anthu Akuda omwe poyamba anali otsekeredwa kuyang'anizana ndi njira zovuta zobwezera zimene zimalepheretsa moyo wa anthu onse.

Mabungwe auphunzitsi onga ACLU ndi Brennan Center ya Chilungamo amayesa kutsutsa malamulo opatula milandu mwa kukhazikitsa malamulo ndi kukhazikitsa malamulo. Pamlingo wa chitaganya, "Bokisi" zoyendera zoika ndi kuchotsa zofunika za ovota zingapereke chizindikiro chakuti mabungwe otetezera malo okhalamo. Kupanga malo otetezeka monga kukonzanso chilungamo kumene anthu akale anatsekeredwa kukhoza kuvomereza malamulo ochirikiza [1]

Nthaŵi Yochepa

Moyo wamakono ngwotanganitsidwa ndi zotopetsa zokulira. makolo okhala ndi ana aang’ono, osamalira achibale okalamba, ndi antchito osakhala ndi nthaŵi zambiri amapeza kuti misonkhano ya boma imatha m’nthaŵi zimene sangakhoze kufikapo.

Njira zothandizira zololera ndizo njira yachindunji kwambiri. Matauni ambiri tsopano amagaŵira kufika pamisonkhano kudzera ku Plant kapena mapulatifomu ofanana, ndi magawo ojambulidwa omwe alipo kuti aonere. Maboma ena ayambitsa zipangizo zothandizira zowonjezera zosasinthasintha, monga makhonde a pa Intaneti amene amakhala otseguka kwa masiku kapena milungu ingapo asanagamule. Eugene, papulatifomu ya Oregon imapangitsa nzikazo kuvomereza kusintha kwa zinthu panthaŵi iliyonse, ndi kuyankha ndi kugwirizana ndi mapulani. Kutsatira kumeneku kumakhudza mandandanda a anthu pamene akulankhulabe.

Zoyesayesa Zoletsa Zopinga

Njira zonse zoyendetsera ntchitoyi zimakhudza maphunziro, zigwirizano, ndi kusintha kwa dongosolo.

Maphunziro ndi Kuloŵerera

Maphunziro a boma opindulitsa amayamba mwamsanga ndi kupitirizabe mpaka pauchikulire. Sukulu ziyenera kugwirizanitsa maphunziro opeka , boma la ophunzira ndi mphamvu yeniyeni yopanga zosankha, ndi ntchito zophunzirira ntchito zogwirizana ndi nkhani za kumaloko. Kwa achikulire, malaibulale ndi makoleji a anthu onse angapereke malo ochitira mapulogalamu osakhala a chigawo chapadera amene amafotokoza mmene angagwirizanitsire ndi mapu a kumaloko, ndemanga zapoyera, ndi kumvetsetsa bajeti.

Ayenera kutsata. Ndawala zokhomera khomo zimene zimapereka chidziŵitso chaumwini ponena za malo ovota kapena nthaŵi za misonkhano zasonyezedwa kukhala zowonjezera ndi 5-10 percentage . Ausinkhu wa otsatsa foni, kumene antchito odzipereka ochokera ku chitaganya chimodzimodzicho amalimbikitsa kutengamo mbali, komanso ochita makampani odziŵika bwino. Mabungwe onga ngati iCbics amapereka sukulu ndi maseŵera amene amasonkhezera ophunzira kulowa m'masukulu, pamene Vote org imapereka zikumbutso zolembera ndi malo opezerako makalata.

Kudziwa Zinthu Bwino

Maboma ndi mabungwe a boma ayenera kutsatira chitsanzo cha "multichannel" pogaŵira chidziŵitso chonse. Izi zikutanthauza kupereka zophatikizidwa osati kokha pa mawebusaiti ndi pa wailesi komanso kudzera m'zofalitsa zosindikizidwa, zilengezo za utumiki wa onse, ndi kugwirizana ndi masitolo kapena ma landromat. Malongosoledwe a zinenero zachidikha-khazikha olembedwa pa mlingo wa kuŵerengera kwa chisanu ndi chitatu mogwirizana ndi manambala ach.

Makampani a zaumisiri angachitenso ntchito. Zida za Gogle "Civic Information API" zimene zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kupeza malo awo oonera, kulembetsa kuti avote, ndi kuyang'ana njira zoonera. Ngati zikugwirizana ndi chidziŵitso chakwawo, zida zimenezi zingatulutse chidziŵitso choyenerera kwambiri. Zonga "mavoti a bungwe la mzinda wanu pa kukonzanso malo olingaliridwa papaki Lachiŵiri / "Thript Reference" tsopano.

Mautumiki Ochirikiza

Kuthandiza kwambiri kuchotsa zopinga. Kusamalira ana pa misonkhano, makampani oyendera, ndi chakudya zimathandizira anthu olandira ndalama zochepa. mizinda ina yapanga maprogramu a "aumperintony" amene amalipira anthu ochokera m'madera osafikapo kuti apite ku misonkhano ndi kubwerera kwa anzawo. Zimenezi zimapindulitsa anthu kwa nthaŵi yawo pamene akumanga kampuni ya atsogoleri a m’tsogolo.

Mwachitsanzo, mapwando a yunivesite ya Citizen a "Covic Loweruka" amaphatikiza mwambo wa boma wokhala ndi chichirikizo chogwira ntchito(aching'ono, zakudya, ndi operekera chakudya amene amatsimikizira kuti alendo alandiridwa. Kupereka mautumiki ameneŵa kumasonyeza kuti anthu a m'bungwe amatenga nawo mbali mokwanira.

Kuphunzira Chikhalidwe

Akuluakulu a bungwe la Covic, antchito, ndi antchito odzifunira afunikira kuphunzitsidwa kuzindikira ndi kugonjetsa tsankho lawo. Kuphunzira kwa chikhalidwe kuyenera kukhudza mmene angapangire makompyuta osonkhanira (m’njira, kugwiritsira ntchito zilembo zozungulira m’malo mwa njira za kachitidwe ka maphunziro, kupereka malongosoledwe), mmene angadziŵire tizilombo topatsirana, ndi mmene angapangire chidaliro kwa anthu amene avulazidwa ndi ntchito za boma.

Matauni monga Minneapolis akhazikitsa maofesi a malamulo amene amapenda makonzedwe onse a kulonjezana kuti afike kwa anthu osiyanasiyana. Pamene mameta a pangano asonyeza malo osatha, ofesi ingapereke masinthidwe. Monga ngati kusamutsira misonkhano ku nthaŵi kapena malo ena. Zigamulozo zimatha.

Kulamulira Kulingana kwa Anthu

Chikalata chovomerezeka chimafotokoza maziko a kusokonezeka kwa zinthu. Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo kuchirikiza kulembetsa kodzifunira kwa wovota, kubwezeretsa ufulu wovota kwa anthu amene kale anali m’ndende, kufutukuka msanga ndi kuvota, ndi kutsimikizira kuti ndalama zoyendetsera masankho zikhale zogwirizana. Pamlingo wakumaloko, kuchirikiza kuimira kapena kusanthula koikidwa mwaudindo kungachititse kuti malingaliro a anthu ochepa akhale ndi mwayi woyenerera.

Nzika zingaumirizenso "kulinganiza bajeti ya kugawana," njira imene nzikazo zimasankha mwachindunji mmene zingagwiritsirire ntchito mbali ya ndalama za kampani ya makampani . Projectory Bacting Project ya New York City yapereka ndalama zoposa $300 miliyoni chiyambire kuyambika kwake, ndi pangano la nzika zimene sizinalankhulepo pa msonkhano wa mzinda. Pamene anthu awona zozikika zawo zitsogolera ku zotulukapo zowonekera bwino [1] mofanana ndi malo atsopano ochitirako maseŵero kapena magetsi owongoleredwa bwino a m’khwalala . Iwo ali othekera kwambiri kuloŵanso.

Kutengamo Mbali Kogwirizana

Njira za Asynchronous ndi zakutali sizikuyesedwanso; nzofunika. Misonkhano yamwambo yomwe imalola onse aŵiri kupezekapo ndi opezekapo, kuphatikizapo zolembedwa ndi zolembedwa, imakhala ndi mandandanda osiyanasiyana. Malamulo ena ayambitsa "zolemba ku bungwe" mautumiki kumene nzika zimayang'ana nkhani pa foni yawo ndi kutumiza lingaliro lachidule ku bungwe lopanga zosankha.

Kulumikizana ndi manambala kumafunanso kutseka mpata wa zasayansi. Malaibulale ndi malo osungirako anthu angapereke mawi-Fi, malaptop, ndi chithandizo chamakono panthaŵi zoyankha anthu. Makampani a CDA "Digal Service pa 10" akuonetsa makampani a boma amene agwiritsa ntchito bwino zinenero zosavuta pa Intaneti, kuchepetsa nthaŵi imene imatenga kupereka ndemanga yaponse kuyambira pa mphindi 30 mpaka pa 5 peresenti ya .

Kupita Patsogolo ndi Kusintha

Kugonjetsa zopinga si ntchito imodzi koma ntchito yosatha. Mabungwe ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti anthu akutengamo mbali mosiyanasiyana mwa kuchuluka kwa fuko, ndalama, chinenero, msinkhu, ndi kupunduka. Malipoti a chaka ndi chaka "cbic Health", monga aja ofalitsidwa ndi National Conference on Citizenshishing , akupereka chizindikiro cha kupita patsogolo. Ngati mipata ipitirizabe, atsogoleri ayenera kukhala ofunitsitsa kuyesa njira zatsopano ndi kusiyapo njira zimene sizikuthandiza.

Kumanga chikhalidwe cha anthu opezekapo kumafuna kupambana pang’ono. Bungwe lapafupi limene limakopa anthu 30 omwe amafika koyamba ku msonkhano ndilo wailesi ya kanema yopambana. Nkhani zokambirana za mmene kutenga nawo mbali kunasinthira bwino. Kunga ngati mlonda watsopano pa misewu yapamsewu kapena pa webusaiti ya zinenero zambiri.

Kumaliza

Zolepheretsa kuti anthu azichita nawo mbali zina n’zochokera kwambiri m'kulephera kwa matauni, koma si zovuta. Mwa kugwiritsa ntchito maphunziro, kugwiritsa ntchito luso la zopangapanga losinthasintha, ndi kuchirikiza anthu amene amafunikira kwambiri, anthu angapite ku demokrase kumene mawu onse akufunikira. Njira zotchulidwa pano sizikuoneka ngati kuti ndizo zakhala zikuyesedwa m’mizinda ndi m’matauni m’dziko lonselo, ndipo zimawonjezera kuwonjezereka kwa ubwenzi. Ntchitoyi imafuna kulimbikira, chuma, ndiponso kufunitsitsa kumvetsera kwa anthu amene akhala akukana mawu awo. Koma mphoto yake ndi yogwirizana, ndi kuvomereza anthu ambiri sikungachitike chifukwa chaku