Uburenganzira bw'ishyingiranwa bwagiye bukoreshwa kuva kera, buyobora ibintu byose, kuva ku murage n'imisoro, kugeza ku nshingano za kibyeyi. Ingaruka zigira ku mishinga yo kurera abana no kwita ku bana, ni iz'ingenzi cyane, kubera ko iyo gahunda igena neza neza uko abantu n’abashakanye bashobora guha abana babo amazu arangwamo urukundo, arangwa n’urukundo. Mu myaka mirongo ibiri ishize, uko imiryango yagiye igenda igenda igenda ibona itembera itembera ku miryango itandukanye, imishinga y’amategeko igenga umuryango wo kurera abana n’imyitwaramo.

Imishyikirano iri hagati y'ishyingiranwa n'imyitwarire y'abana, ishingiye ku bitekerezo bimaze igihe kirekire bifitanye isano no gushikama, kwiyemeza, no ku burenganzira bw'umutungo. Amateka, abashakanye bafatwa mu buryo bwijegajega nk’ababyeyi barezwe cyangwa barera abana, mu gihe abantu batarashaka, abashakanye bahuje ibitsina, n’abandi miryango badahuje imico, bahuye n’ibindi bintu bigomba gusuzumwa cyangwa kwirenganya. Uko uburinganire bw'ishyingirwa bwagendaga bwaguka, ariko, amategeko menshi yagiye asubizwamo ayo mabwiriza, kandi akaba ari na, cyane cyane, kugira ngo ashyire imbere inyungu nziza z’abana.

Uruhare rw’uburenganzira bw’ishyingiranwa mu Mategeko arebana no Kurera abana

Amategeko yo kurera abana batarashyingiranwa afitanye isano n'uburenganzira bw'ishyingiranwa. Urugero:, mu mashinga y'amateka, abashakanye bahawe uburyo bwo kurera abana mu gihe cy'uburere bwa kibyeyi (-"Imyigo yo mu rugo y' abana, ibyifuzo bike cyane, na A Bya ngombwa Bya ngombwa Abaseribateri Badafite Bene. Imimerere y'Ikirere ni yo ishingiye ku mugenzo w’amategeko abona ko ishyingiranwa nk’ihame rya zahabu mu kurera abana, nubwo itsinda ry'ubushakashatsi bwiyongera bw'ubushakashatsi bwigaragaza ko imiterere y'umuryango yonyine ari ikintu cyiringirwa cyiza cyiza.

Ishyingiranwa Kwagura Kuri Gushyiramo - Bijyanye n' imibare, Amabwiriza Gukurikira, Kuri Nka A... in [: 0% S] V. [[:], - EGUSUKURA, na - Far ku., ni By' amategeko in Byose 50, na in.

, in Ibisabwa ishyingirwa Gihagaritswe () ya: - Abashakanye, Cyangwa Byombi — Amategeko Kuri Birenzeho. - Bijyanye n' imyitwarire Kuva:, Ibindi: Emera OYA Kuri. Igisubizo ni Gicurasi Ishyira mu mwanya Na: Bya i Imimerere Cyangwa Icyerekezo:, Kuri i Bya i Sisitemu: i Bihebuje Home ya: buri.

Ingaruka zo gushyingirwa mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko

Bya By' amategeko, Byagutse Imibereho yo kurera abana. Kuri Ibyatanzwe Kuva: i ku, 2. + Abakuze bagereranyije, na - Abashakanye barezwe, Birenzeho - Ababyeyi - Abahuje igitsina barera abana. Ishyingiranwa ryabaye amategeko y'igihugu, inzego za Leta na Amagenzura mpuzabitsina y' uburenganzira bw' abana, Kuri Kwemera amategeko yabo, Nka Nka Nka i Itangira.

Ibihugu byayoboye ihereranye n'ishyingiranwa, nka Kanada, i Na Afurika y'Epfo, byaguye. muri Kanada, abashakanye n'abahuje ibitsina bashoboye gushyingirwa hamwe muri byose na mu mafasi kuva mu mwaka wa 2005, Ryari: ishyingiranwa ry' abenegihugu ryaguwe kuri serivisi bahuje ibitsina. Abashakanye bahuje ibitsina bo muri ibi bihugu, na imyitozo igaragaza ko abana barezwe n'ababyeyi b'abadahuje igitsina, bahabwa ibyifuzo mu rwego rwo mu rwego rwo hejuru, imyitwaramo, na uburwaremerere nk’abarezwe n’ababyeyi badahuje igitsina.

, ishushanya ni OYA. Ndetse no mu bihugu bihuje n'ishyingiranwa, bimwe mu bigo bitanga uburenganzira bwo kurera abana, + + + + , byashatse kubuzanya ibikorwa byo kwanga abashakanye bahuje ibitsina. Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika, hari leta nyinshi zashyizeho amategeko arebana n'ibigo by’abana b’abana b’abizera, kugira ngo bibacireho imipaka bishingiye ku buryo bw'imyifatire y'ibitsina cyangwa imimerere y'ishyingirwaho, ndetse no mu gihe bakoresha amafaranga y'imisoro.

Abashakanye n’Ababyeyi Barera Abana Bonyine

Uburyo bwo gushyingiranwa bushya, indi mishinga ya: A Bijyanye n' imibereho ya: na. , Abashakanye bafitanye isano (- Cyangwa -). Bisobanura ko umwe muri bo ari we mu byemewe n'amategeko, i Ikindi. i Nyuma y' i Cyangwa NIBA i By' amategeko, i i guhangana n'uburenganzira bw'amategeko na ATARIIGIHARWE i Bya Cyavanyweho Kuva: i Home. Kuri Kwemerera abashakanye kugira ngo babe ibyeme, iyi ni yo ihuriro ryemewe n'amategeko y'ubumwe bw'abashakanye cyangwa ihuriro ry'amategeko.

Abantu b’abaseribateri, uko imyifatire y’ibitsina yaba iri kose, mu bihe byahise bagiye bashobora kubyitwaramo mu bihugu byinshi, ariko incuro nyinshi usanga bafitanye n’ababo bashatse, bafitanye imiryango y’uburere mu buryo budashobotse, ituruka ku nzego zigenga umuryango zishaka gushakana. Igitekerezo cy’uko ababyeyi babiri buri gihe baba ari bo barushaho kuba beza kurusha umwe, gituma inzego nyinshi zisaba abaseribateri cyangwa zigakora imyitozo yo gushyingura abana, nubwo ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ababyeyi barera abana ari bo bashobora gutanga uburere buhebuje.

Imyifatire y’abaturage n’uburenganzira bwo gushyingiranwa

Na bo bashyingirwa bashyizweho imyanya y'ishyingiranwa. Abashakanye bashyizwe imbere cyane nk'abarera abana, bashingiye ku bitekerezo by'imyitwarire y'ishyira mu mwanya w'umutungo, umutekano w'amafaranga, na Kabiri -. Nubwo kuba biteguye, kuba abantu bashyizweho bishimangira imyitwarire y'abashakanye, hakubiyemo abantu b’abaseribateri, na Abantu.

, Ibisabwa ku babyeyi barera abana babo cyangwa bashyigikira mu buryo bwihariye abashakanye. Urugero:, inzego zimwe na zimwe zisaba ko ababyeyi barera abana bashyingiranwa mu gihe gito cyangwa bakabaha igihamya cy'ishyingiranwa ritajegajega. Abandi bashyira hamwe ibirego byo mu rugo, bituma abantu babiri barera abana batubatse barushaho kugorana kugira ngo bagire uburenganzira bwo guhabwa uburenganzira bwo gukugaragarizwa.

Ibirego by’Amategeko n’Iby’Imibanire y’Abantu

Kumenya ishyingiranwa mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko bishobora gutuma imiryango irera abana bashakanye irushaho gushyigikirwa n’ibikenewe. Incuro nyinshi, ababyeyi barera abana bashobora kubona inyungu z’ubusamo, urugero nk'ubwishingizi bw'uburwayi cyangwa isoko ry’ababyeyi, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo bashobora kwita ku bana babo. Mu gihe uburenganzira bw’ishyingiranwa bwaguka bugatera kwaguka bugaterwa no kuba bukubiyemo abashakanye bahuje igitsina, inzego zishinzwe kwitabwaho zigomba gukuraho amategeko agenga ubwigenge (yaho Urugero, abakeneye LGBTQ + ababyeyi barera abana kugira ngo bahishe imishyikirano yabo cyangwa guhishwa mu maso.

Imyitwarire irebana n'ubukwe ishobora kugabanya cyane uburyo bukoreshwa mu kwita ku matsinda amwe n’amwe. Mu bihugu bidafite uburinganire bw'ishyingiranwa, abashakanye bahuje ibitsina bashobora kubuzanywa rwose, cyangwa bakaba ari abantu bamwe na bamwe gusa, bakaba babangamira guteranira hamwe. Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika, n’iyo baba bashatse, hari ibihugu bikomeza kureka inzego zishinzwe kwita ku miryango ishinzwe kwita ku babyemera zikishakiye uburenganzira bwo kwita ku mu rwego rw’idini, zikajya ku buryo bwihitiza amazu make mu miryango y’abakeneye kwitabwa mbere na mbere.

Imibanire. Ibyifuzo by' ishyingiranwa bigenga Amagenzura, Kohereza A & Ubutumwa Bigyanye na By' amategeko. Ingaruka ziteye ubwoba ku Kuva: Amatsinda, Gicurasi Byakunzwe cyangwa Gukebwa. i Bya Amazu yo kurera abana mu duce twinshi tw'urwego () () Akarinda abana bakuru, Amatsinda, na abana Na: Bidasanzwe Itegeko i Bya i i i Sisitemu ni Kurindamuke.

Bafite umutekano, barangwa n’ubushishozi, n’Icyiza Cyane

Amategeko y'imyifatire myiza y'abana yubatswe ku ihame ry ’ “imyitwarire myiza y’umwana,” ihame rigomba gushyira imbere icyifuzo cy’umwana cyo kugira umutekano, umutekano, n’ubushishozi kurusha ibindi byose. Uburenganzira bw’ishyingiranwa buhuza n'iryo hame mu buryo bunyuranye. Ku ruhande rumwe, ishyingiranwa ridahungabana rishobora gutuma habaho urufatiro rukomeye rwo gushyigikira cyangwa kurera abana. Ku rundi ruhande, gushimangira ishyingiranwa mu buryo budasubirwaho bishobora kwirengagiza ubundi buryo bwo gushikamaho, nk’uko ubushyingirwa busanzwe bwemewe n'amategeko, cyangwa se kuba ari ubw’ababyeyi b’abaseri.

Kuva: i na Ikindi Ikirere i Ubwiza Bya i - ni By' ingirakamaro Biruta cyane i Imimerere y'ishyingiranwa Bya i. in Imikoro Na:, - Bya - in Bya,, na., ya: Amagenamiterere ku Kuri A, ku Imimerere.

Uko Ugereranyije Ishyingiranwa: Uburenganzira bw’ishyingiranwa ku isi hose

, ibana hagati y' uburenganzira bw'ishyingiranwa n'ubundi buryo na / Gutunga abana. Mu bihugu nka,, na, ishyingiranwa ringana ku ingano y'uburinganire ku buryo buringaniye n'ibyashyingirwa ry' imibare y'ibitsina na abatarashakana. Ibihugu bigomba kuba bifite umubare wagutse w'uburenganzira bw' Mpuzamahanga na umuryango, na gahunda zabo zo kwita ku bana mu rwego rwo kuringaniza zinyuranye.

i Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika, abashakanye bahuje ibitsina, bashoboraga kuba babyishakiye kuva mu mwaka wa 2002, mbere y'uko hakorwa imishinga irebana n'abana.

Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, ibihugu byinshi byo mu Burasirazuba bw'iburengerazuba, mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, na mu duce two muri Aziya, biracyabuza uburenganzira bwo gushyingiranwa no kugirwa abana b’abadahuje igitsina n'abaseribateri. Urugero, mu Burusiya, bibuzanya abashakanye bahuje igitsina kuva ku gufata ishyingiranwa na batanze amategeko “ya gipagani"" ituma abana barushaho gukoresha amafaranga mu kwitabwaho mu miryango cyangwa mu buryo bwitonderwa, bitewe n'uko uburyo bufatiwe n'amategeko bwigize imiterere y'umuryango, bwagiye butangira kugengwa n'imyifatire ya buri muntu.

, ni, ni Byongerewe. Uko ibihugu birushaho kumenya ko ishyingiranwa ringana, cyangwa ku Biruta Kubyo Byemewe n'amategeko ku birebana n'ishyingiranwa, urugero nk'ishyingiranwa ryemewe n'amategeko, + + + na Amagena y'ihuriro y'ihuriro, ni yo igenda ihuza. Umuryango w' mpuzamahanga ku i Uburenganzira bw'abana bw'Ikiremwamuntu, wemejwe na buri gihugu ku isi, iyemeza ko abana bafite uburenganzira bwo kwita ku muryango wabo n'imyitwarire yabo, na imyanzuro irebana no kuba barashyizwe mu rwego rw'ifatizo. Abayobozi n'impuza mu by'amategeko bahakana ko iryo hame rigomba kwemererwa ku buryo bwo gushyigikira cyangwa kwitwara mu rwego rw’imyifatire yabo y'imyifatire.

Ibiganiro Bikomeza Bigakomeza

N’ubwo habaye amajyambere akomeye, impaka zishingiye ku burenganzira bw'ishyingiranwa n'ubushake bw'abana ntizishingirwaho. Muri Leta za Amerika, amategeko y'ubwigenge bw'idini yabaye igisubizo gishingiye ku idini. Ibihugu byinshi byashyizeho amategeko yemera ko imishinga irebana no kurera abana mu buryo bwemewe n'ukwizera hamwe n'ibigo birera abana, yanze ibikorwa bishingiye ku myizerere y'idini, nubwo iyo miryango yahabwa amafaranga agenewe abantu bose. Abashishozi bavuga ko bene izo mpano zishyigikira amazu ahari arangwa no gukenwa, kandi akagabanya umubare w'abafite ubushobozi bwo kurinda imishinga y’idini, ihuje n'imyizerere yabo.

Ikibazo ni i Bya Amasano... in. Intambwe Kuri Kuvugurura Amategeko: Kuri Emera Abashakana n' Abahuje igitsina (Byose - na - EG - EG -., Aho bigeze: Buhoro, na in Ubuso, Bya ngombwa Kuri Home na Nka, Ishyira mu mwanya na Kurema By' amategeko.

Imbere, i Ingufu ni Amakuru ashingiye ku bushobozi bw'ubwigenge na Imimerere y'ishyingiranwa. Ishyirahamwe ry'Ikigo cya Rubanda rya Nonegiteri, na i Bya Amerika, Byose Byasohowe Amapareye agenga imyitwarire y'ubucamwa agenga inyungu nziza z'umwana. Amaseriveri yatangiye “kurera abana mu buryo bwihariye, na" amategeko arekura abana ba mbere, na bagenzi babo bahuje na bo, biyemerera kubashyingirwa nta kongera gushaka, bishimira ko ishyingiranwa ryemewe n'amategeko atari yo nzira yonyine ifasha kugira umuryango ushikamye.

, i Ishinga Bya i Bijyanye n' Iyungo, i Ishyingiranwa, i Ishinga Ibyiciro, Ibyinjijwe na Ibyiciro Bimwe, Itanga impamyabushobozi Byayobowe n' Amashirahamwe y' imiryango Kuri Birushaho Kwemerwa n' Imiryango. Gusiba: Nka Kwagura, i ya: Amafishi ya: Amafishi Kuri in irere na.

Igisoza

Uburenganzira bw'ishyingiranwa bufite uruhare rw'ingenzi mu gutuma abana bashyingirwa na Amabwiriza agenga kwitabwaho, binyuriye ku kuba bashyingirwa, bishyizweho, bishyizweho, bikagira ingaruka zigaragara ku bana bose. Ibihamya by'amategeko bikomeza kongera kwifashisha imiryango itandukanye.

:, Binyuriye mu gushyiraho amategeko na Gushyigikira amategeko, ni ngombwa kwiyemeza ko buri mwana wese ukeneye kuba afite uburenganzira bwo kugera mu mimerere irangwa n'urukundo n'ubufasha mu muryango. Ibitekerezo byatanzwe n'inshingano imwe y'umuryango, biremwa ku bandi, bitangira kugirira nabi abandi, binyuriye ku kugabanya itsinda ry'abashobora kwitaho abana.