Kufamba mumaguta ndechimwe chezvinetso zvikuru zvakatarisana namaguta eUK nhasi. Kuda kuderedza upfumi hunoparira mabhiriyoni emabhiriyoni gore rimwe nerimwe, kushatiswa kwemhepo kunoparira zviuru zvevanhu vanofa vasati vasvika pazera renguva, uye kugara kwoga kunoparira kufutisa kukwira kwemitengo. Pamwoyo wechigadzikiso chacho kufamba - famba - famba - famba - famba - famba - famba - famba - famba zvinopa govera mativi matatu: utano hwakanaka, mhepo yakachena, uye kushandiswa zvakanaka kwenzvimbo yomuguta yakaganhurirwa. Mamochanja eUK, zvikurukuru ayo ane zviremera zvakabatanidzwa uye mameya emoneral meya, akabuda sevaki vebasa guru rebasa. Vanoshandisa masimba avo pamusoro pemari inodzorwa, kuronga nhevedzano mamiriro ezvinhu, uye mamichina emota. Nyaya inoongorora kuti vadzorerwei, uye kuti vadzorerwe.

Kudiwa Kwemhomho Inotsigira Mumataundi

Chinoitika nokuda kwokusashanda kwechokuchovha bhasikoro nakuenda hazvina kumbova zvakasimba zvikuru. Rwendo manyuko makurusa egasi rinodziyisa muUK, nezvokufambisa mumugwagwa nokuda kweinopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvina chezvinobudisa zvose. Zvine ngozi, kusashanda kwomuviri kunodyira NHS inofungidzirwa kuva mabhiriyoni 1 pagore. Kufambiswa kwemotokari kufamba nokuchovha kunoratidza kuti kunyange zvazvo hafu yenzendo dzose dzemotokari muEngland dziri pasi pemakiromita matatu, chikamu chimwe chezvitatu bedzi chadzose zvinopedzwa nebhasikoro kana kuti netsoka. Kungova nechikamu cheidzi nzendo pfupi kumiitiro idzo dzinoshanda kumibato yaizowana mibayiro mikuru mikuru.

Ruvara rwemhepo yomuUrnburg ndimumwe mutyairi. Royal College of Physicians inoti panenge pa 40 000 vakafa pagore muUK kushatiswa kwemhepo kunze, kwakawanda kwaikoku kubva mumotokari. Maya mumaguta akadai seLondon, Birmingham, uye Manchester akazivisa migariro yemamiriro okunze akaoma uye vari mudzvinyiriro yokubudisa nharaunda dzakachena nenzvimbo dzakaderera dzinogara nevavakidzani vemo. Pedetarian internation nemigwagwa yakakomberedzwa zvinobvumikiswa kuderedza kudzora kudzora kufamba kwemotokari, nzira inokurudzira apo inoita migwagwa inoita kuti ive yakakotseka nokuda kwavanoshandisa migwagwa vanyajambwa.

Kupfuurirazve, denda reCOVID remataundi rakawedzera kombamiro yenyika yose kukufamba nokuchovha bhasikoro. Migwagwa yepop hiprap yechinguvana nemigwagwa yakafutunurwa yakatangwa nokukurumidza. Mameya akawanda eUK akawana nguva kuita chinjo idzi zvechigarire, kudzokororwa kwokuti kufamba kweguta kunofanira kuva kwakasimba, kwakanaka, uye kuenzana. Maguta anokwikwidzana nokuda kwetare retare nerokuchengeta mari, nzvimbo inopfuudzira kufamba yazova betsero yamakwikwikwi.

Basa Raiva Nevarwi veUK Meya

Kuchinja kwamasimba ezvokufambisa kunzvimbo dzinotakura meya kwave kuri mutambo wemutambo. Greater London Authority, West Midlands Coneated Authority, Greater Manchester Colesed Authority, uye mamwe zvino anodzora bhajeti rezvifambiso zvegore rakawanda uye ane mutoro wezvakarongerwa zvirongwa zvezvokufambisa zvomunzvimbomo. Ikoku kunopa meya mano okuisa zvinhu zvinokosha pakutanga, kugovera mari, uye kubatana mumativi ose ezvikamu zvenyika - chimwe chinhu chaiwanzoshaikwa pasi pehurumende yomunzvimbomo yakapunzika.

Vachenjeri vanogona kutsigira kufamba nokushandisa zvikwangwani zvinoverengeka: kuisa mari yakananga mugadziriro, masimba okutungamirira (zvakadai sokushandisa 20mph ganhuriro dzesipidhi kana kuti kudzorwa kwemichina), uye kushandiswa kwesimba rakapfava kuvaka bvumirano yavose neyezvematongerwe enyika. Vanotarisirawo mitumbi yakadai seTrack for London, Transport for Greater Manchester, uye Truction for West Midlands, iyo inoronga nokupa zvirongwa zvikuru. [[FLD:0] Active Tracty Fund - - inoparadzirwa neBato reProamsss - rakapiwawo mitengwaro yokuwedzera kugadzira mibato neromo yendege, kunyange zvazvo makwikwidza nokuda kwemari ichiripo yakashata.

Kushandisa Mari: Kuvakira Vanhu

Kudzivirira nzira dzinoparadzanisa vanofamba nemotokari nevanofamba netsoka dzinoderedza zvikuru ngozi yokukuvara uye dzinokurudzira vatasvi vemotokari pakati pevanoshandisa vasingavimbi zvikuru. VaMejack vari kuwedzera kuisa mari mumigwagwa inofamba: Compleator Superhway neThuleways, Bhirock’s Bee Network yemakiromita 1 800 okufamba nokuchovha, uye Kuchinja kweMingham kunoramba Kuchinjira kweMinghington kunoramba kuchiitika kusati kwaparadzana.

Kukwidziridza nokuisa zvinhu munzeve dzeguta iimwe nzvimbo yakakomba. Migwagwa yeguta yokuvhara kumotokari - kazhinji kazhinji pakupera kwevhiki kana kuti zvechigarire - inogadzira nzvimbo dzavose dzinowedzera kuderera kwemibato nokuvandudza kunaka kwemhepo. Kufamba kweManchester kwepakati peguta, kubatanidza kuchinja Exchange Square, kwakarumbidzwa zvikuru. Nenzira yakafanana, vanameya vomunzvimbomo vakatsigira ‘ migwagwa yechikoro yechikoro - yapamberi dzenguva kunze kwezvikoro - kuti vavandudze chengeteko nokuderedza motokari pakudonhedza nokubvisa nguva dzinodanhanha. Zvirongwa zvezvikoro zvino zvino zvino zvino zvino kushanda nemutungamiriri wemo.

Kuyambuka, kukura kwetsoka, uye chiedza chakavandudzwa nokuda kwavanofamba netsoka hazvinakidzi asi zvinokosha zvakafanana. Vatyairi vari kuisawo mari mukupaka kwakachengeteka, zviteshi zvebhasikoro zvinotakura, uye nzira yokuwana nayo siginicha kuti itange chikwata chinobatanidza. Chinokosha ndechokuva nechokwadi chokuti gadziriro haisati iri nhevedzano yezvidimbu zvakaparadzaniswa asi gadziriro inonzwika, inoita kuti kufamba nokuchovha zvisarudzo zvomuzvarirwo nokuda kwenzendo pfupi.

Kuvandudza Muitiro Nokushandisa Mari

Kubva pakuvaka, meya akashandisa muitiro wokuchinja mufambiro. migwagwa yokugara inocherwa kusvika kujirichora migwagwa inokweverwa muLondon, Birmingham, uye Manchester. Nepo LTN pane dzimwe nguva inotanga gakava, ufakazi hunobva Isiterial College London [ inoratidza kuti vaderedza motokari mukati mematunhu pasina kuderera kwemiganhu pamiganhu yemiganhu. Maza akagadzawo muganhu we 20 mfitiro mumaguta, rayppring kumira kumira kumira parangidzo yomugwagwa (kupfurikidza nezvirongwa zvokurenda), uye zvisaririra nokuda kwokuderedza nhamba dzemotokari.

Bike ­sharing chishandiso chemitemo. Santander Eventions, Midlands’s West Midwands Modern Hire, uye CityBike yeLiverpool inopa vagari navashanyi chisarudzo chakapfava, chemari inopfuudzwa nokuda kwenzendo pfupi. Mayastrations anoshandisa zvirongwa izvi, kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji achivabatanidza netikitisi yezvokufambisa zvavose - somuenzaniso, Kufambisa nokuda kwechibhadharo cheburo cheLondon, bhazi, uye bhasi rinobhadharwa. Nhau dzemari dzinobatanidzawo kundorongedzero yebasa, nepo nyika inosimupirwa; mamwe mameya emori akagovera nokuda kwokutenga zvinhu zvavoruzhinji kana kuti kurovedza.

Mari inoramba iri nhau huru.Mays anofanira kukwikwidza nokuda kwemipiro yomunzvimbomo, uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti mari inowanwa nokuda kwokunaya nokuda kwokunaya nokushandisa. Kuzvipira kwemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi kubva kuDhipatimendi reThambe kugovera nguva refu, misha mizhinji yegore nokuda kwokufamba kwebasa inhano, asi vanameya vanopfuurira kukwikwidzanisa nokuda kwemari inotsigirwa nokuda kwokunatsa nokushandisa mari.

Kuongorora Nyaya Kunoitwa

Pasi apa pane kuongorora kwezvisaririra zvitatu zveguta 939 zvinoenzanisira masvikire akasiyana - siyana uye mashoko akapoteredza.

London: Nzira Dzinomhanya - mhanya uye Ultra Low Eugsact Zone

Mayor yeLondon, kupfurikidza neForport to London, yakatenga $2 mabhiriyoni mubhasikoro uye kufamba chifo cha2016. Chikwata cheCommon Superhigway zvino chinoumba anopfuura mamaira anopfuura 2022 bedzi enzira dzinogarwa, kubatanidza Ferter Eastrû West neNorthernern Superguathway kufukidza London. Kuchovha muLondon kwakakura ne40% mugumi ramakore rapfuura, nemwero we 17% mu 20222 yoga yoga. Ultra Low Eugractive Zoney (UL), yakakudzwa nemouse yeguta remouse kuti ifukinge London yose, yakaderedza kupfuudza nomugariro woutano wazvino uno uno unokorwa naMeritargral, izvo zvinoderedza kubudiswa nokugaramo na 50% mumaruwa uye kukurudzira kushamba. Pedterna anobatanidza kugadziridzwa kweTri yeTragraces, nharaunda itsva, kupota remotebhuro, uye kupfurikidza kupfumiteveridzo itsva, zvinotoorwawose, zvino.

Manchester: Kuchinja uye Kugadzira Network

Meya mukuru weManchester, Andy Burnham, akaita kufamba kwokushingaira chinhu chikuru chenzira yake yokufambisa. Bee Network inovavarira kuvamba gadziriro yakabatana yamabhazi, matram, mabhasira, uye kufamba - famba - kufamba - daro kwakazara kwebhuzi kunze kweLondon kubvira panzvimbo inodzorwa. Nhanho dzinobatanidza kuvharwa kwechigarire kwenzvimbo yeguta Deans kumidungwe, kugadzirirwa kwenzvimbo itsva yavose kumativi ose eCathedrama, uye kuiswa kwemiteve mumugwagwa mumugwagwa unobatana nenzvimbo dzomuguta. Bee Netwole trangerive inoronga kufamba makiromita 75 enzira dzinodzivirirwa na 2028, kuvaka vavapo panzvimbo dzinogara dzichiteverwa. Meya akakwidzwawo ne 20% yenzira dzinopfumbira kumativi ose.

Birmingham: Nzvimbo Yakachena Yemhepo Nokuchinja Kwenhengeto

Meya weBirmingham Andry Street akanangidzira ngwariro paChene Air Zone (CAZ), iyo inoraira motokari dzinoshatisa zvikurusa kupinda pakati peguta. Mukati megore rokutanga, uwandu hwemotokari dzinodzorwa hwakakwira kubva pa 60% kusvikira ku 90%. Kumativi e CAZ, gadziriro yeRevolution Extration inoita mamirioni 10045 kuvaka mubatanidzwa wemavhiringi echikachi 100, kubatanidza chitima chokutanga cheDutchâques chakadzivirirwa pamasuo makuru. Meya akasundirawo nokuda kwewedzero yeWest Midlands Hire, namabhasikoro 5 000 kuyambuka nharaunda, uye kuvamba gadziriro ye “Schols Street" zvino inofukidza zvikoro 60. Runako rwakaisvonaka rwava netsutsungidzwa nakanyore 13% mumitengodziro yokutanga. Miteveri inongo ichiripo kufambidza nokufambisa zviteshinangurisoso zvinobatanidza kutakura kufambidza kwavose, asi zvinobatanidza kufambisa zvinodzo zvinobatanidza mhepo zvinopfurira kufambidza mhepo zvinopfura kutotedza mhepo.

Kukurira Matambudziko Anopfuurira

Pasinei zvapo neiyi budiriro, mameya anotarisana nemipinyi inotyisa. Mari inogara iripo zvikuru: UK inopedza inenge $6 pamunhu pagore panzvimbo dzinoshandiswa bhasikoro, ichienzaniswa ne $26 yeNetherlands. Mayars anofanira kukwikwidza kukumbirwa kwemari dzezvokufambisa, nemari yezvirongwa zvebhazi kazhinji kazhinji ichipedza mugove weshumba. Mukuwedzera, mari inotsigirwa nokuda kwerwendo runoshingaira inowanzoziviswa mumativi makuru anotenderera, kuchikuita kwakaoma kuronga gadziriro dzegore rakareba rakareba. May ari kudana nokuda kwemari yokufambisa yakatsaurirwa, mari yokufambisa nayo inokwira zvishoma nezvishoma kupfuura makore gumi.

Kudzivisa ruzhinji, zvikurukuru kuvakwa kwakaderera kwevakidzani uye kugadzirwa kwenzira yokutenderera, kunogona kubvisa zvirongwa. Vamwe vagari vemo vanoona LTNs sechinokanganisa kana kuti sechinokanganisa. Vane simba vanofanira kuisa mari mubvumirano yenzanga, bhii remhesano, uye kurukurirano yakajeka pamusoro pebetsero dzacho — somuenzaniso, kuti LTNs inoderedza ratgraining, inovandudza chengeteko yavafambi, uye inowedzera bhizimisi romunzvimbomo kupfurikidza nokuwedzera tsoka. Garadhi nezvinoisirwa zvechinguvana zvinobvumira vanhu kuti vazviwanire chinjo yacho isati yava yechigarire. Meya weLondon neManstersterstery vose vari vaviri vakashandisa iri nzira kuderedza kushora.

Kuganhurirwa kwemiparera ndeimwe denho. Maguta mazhinji eUK ane migwagwa mitete, yenhau inoita kuti nzira dzemasvoko dzive dzakaoma. Vakwairi vanofanira kuva nemhete yebasa: vachishandisa migwagwa ine mativi mana, kuvhara migwagwa kumidungwe, kana kuti nzvimbo yokupaka. Macanal towpaths nemigwagwa yomupaki zvinogovera mikoto ine mhete-mo yakasununguka ine mhete-mo asi kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji inoshaiwa kunanga. Kufamba nokutakura zvinhu zvavosesa - somuenzaniso, kupfurikidza nokugovera chiteshi chezviteshi zvezviteshi zvenjanji nebhazi - inodikanwa nokuda kwe “Cylepartings pastems" program yeLondon, iyo inowedzera zviuru zvezviteshina, ndiko muenzanisiro wokufambisa zviteshina.

Kutanga Kwenguva Yemberi Nokuda Kwemhomho Yamataundi

Vanotarira mberi, vanameya vachafanira kupfuurira mberi panzvimbo dzinoverengeka. Chokutanga, vanofanira kufamba vachishingaira vachipinda mugadziriro dzakafara dzeguta, kubatanidza chokufambisa nedzimba, utano, uye kukura kwezvemari. Murangariro weguta 15 minhurite − umo vagari vemo vanogona kusangana nezvinodikanwa zvizhinji zvezuva nezuva mukati morwendo rupfupi kana kuti jongwe rapamusha – iri kuwedzera kuva nomugariro, uye vanamejara anogona kushandisa masimba okuronga asati avhengana, migaro inofambika. “Neighbourbaouscotions". Mazano eLondon a“ Kukura Kwakanaka ”

Chechipiri, ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu ruchaita basa riri kuwedzera. Mabhasikoro emagetsi (eûkes) anoderedza mhinganidzo yenzendo refu nenzira dzine makomo; meya anogona kuisa gadziriro dzokutenga uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti gadziriro dzinoshandisa dzinowanika. Kugoverana muedzo weEphracooter, zvino iri mumaguta akawanda eUK, anopa chisarudzo chinobatanidza micropromobity, kunyange zvazvo murairo uchiripo. Maya anofanira kushanda navashandisi kuti vave nechokwadi chokuti chengeteko nesomubato wavose.

Chechitatu, kukwira kunofanira kuva mupimo mukuru wemipimo. Chiverengero chazvino uno chevatasvi vebhasikoro chinovhiringidzwa kuvarume vaduku, vanokwanisa. Mayfred anofanira kuisa mugadziriro dzinoshanda mumazera ose namano: nzira dzakafara, mikwidza, mheto dzinosvikwa, uye kuchengeteka. Programme dzakafanana ne “Kuchovha Munhu Wose” nokuda kwaManchester“ Kushanda kwechiporesa” kwavakuru kwakabetsera kurangarira zvikuru. Pededriań́́. Garafinia remugwagwa rokutanga, kubatanidza magetsi ari nani, magetsi, magetsi, uye pokutambira, zvinobetsera vanhu vakura, nokufambisa mabhara, uye avo vanobatira.

Pakupedzisira, vanameya vanonyanya kumhanya vachapfuurira kushandisa kuoneka kwavo kuvaka mubatanidzwa wezvamatongerwe enyika kuti uchinje.

mhedziso

Makumi emakore okuronga motokari akasiya maguta akazara, akasvibiswa, uye asina kubatana. Meya weLondon, Manchester, Birmingham, Liverpool, uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzemetro dziri kuratidza kuti nzira yakasiyana inobvira - uko migwagwa yakachengeteka kuti vana vafambe kuenda kuchikoro, uko kuchovha bhasikoro kunobatsira pakusarudza kuderedza utano hwevoruzhinji. Nokushandisa mari muzvivako, kuvandudza mashandiro, uye kuvaka, mameya ari kudzokera kumaguta zvishoma nezvishoma.

Basa ravo harisi nyore: mari inotsigirwa zvikuru, kushorwa kunogona kuva kunotyisa, uye mwero wechinjo inodikanwa wakakura. Bva ufakazi hunobva munzvero hwakajeka: uko vanameya vanotungamirira, kuchovha bhasikoro nokufamba vanowedzera. Betsero - kuderera kwekabhorbon, utano hwakanaka zvikuru, upfumi hwomunzvimbomo hunosimba zvikuru – hunooneka. UK ichiri nzira refu yokuenda kundowirirana namaguta akanakisisa eEurope, asi noutungamiriri hunopfuuridzirwa, gumi rinotevera raigona kuona kuchinjwa kweBritain kupinda mumaguta kuva chimwe chinhu chaichoicho chenyika persocion.