Bazu guru rehurumende yeUnited States rinopfuura zvikuru sangano riri kure muWashington, D.C. Zviito zvaro zvinoumba kunaka kwemhepo yatinofema, chengeteko yezvokudya zvatinodya, kumhanya kwebatano yedu yepaInternet, uye chengeteko yenzvimbo dzedu. Kuvambira panguva yaunomuka kusvikira kuchiratidzo chemamiriro okunze chinogoverwa nesangano rehurumende kusvikira panguva yaunokiya suo rako rapamberi pausiku, bazu guru riri kushanda. Nyaya ino inonzvera chimiro, kushanda, uye simba guru rebazu roupenyu hwezuva nezuva, ichigovera nzwisiso huru yenzira iyo urwu ruoko rwehurumende runopa pesvedzero inodokuva rutivi rwuri rwose rwekuvapo kwazvino unoAmerica.

Kunzwisisa Bazi Rine Chinzvimbo Chacho: Kuvakwa Nechinangwa

Bazu guru ndirimwe ramapazu matatu akaenzana ehurumende yeU.S., rakaumbwa neChikamu II cheBumbiro reMitemo. Basa raro guru nderokumanikidzira nokushandisa mitemo inopfuudzwa neCongress. Bazu rinotungamirirwa naPurezidhendi, uyo anobatira sezvose zviri zviviri musoro wehurumende uye mukuru wehurumende. Asi Purezidhendi rutivi bedzi runooneka zvikurusa rwesangano rinobatanidza Purezidhendi weSani, Kibita, masangano ehurumende akawanda, uye zviuru zvamadhipatimendi namasangano.

Purezidhendi naMutungamiriri weHurumende

Purezidhendi anosarudzwa makore mana ari ose uye anoganhurirwa kumativi maviri. Mutungamiriri wePurezidhendi, akasarudzwa patikiti rimwe chetero, anogamuchira purezidhendi kana Purezidhendi asingakwanisi kubatira. Kupfuura kutevedzana, Mutungamiriri weSangano anobatirawo saPurezi weDare uye kazhinji kazhinji anoshandisa mirau yakananga. Masimba aPrezidhendi anobatanidza kubudisa mirairo yavakuru vakuru, kuraira mitemo, kuraira mauto ane zvombo, uye kutungamirira miraumbiso yokumwe nyika. Masimba aya anotapura zvakananga vagari vemo kupfurikidza nezvisarumbiso zvengwavaira, kuita tsaona, uye zvibvumirano zvebhizimisi munyika yose.

Kabhineti Negadziriro Dzehurumende

Dare rine misoro yemadhipatimendi 15 anotungamirira, akadai seDhipatimendi reUniversity of Department, Department of Health and Human Services, uye Department of Transportation. Dhipatimendi rimwe nerimwe rinotarisira nzvimbo dzakati dzemiitiro uye rinotungamirira mapurogiramu anobata upenyu hwezuva nezuva. Somuenzaniso, Department of Agricultures Answers nejour, Department of Education inotarisira yamuro yezvokudzora yavadzidzi, uye Department of Homeland Security inotarisira nhandare yendege neyamuro. Pasi pomwero yekadhi, mazana emakambani, mapubhuro, uye masangano (EPA), Food and Drugrace Ad Ad Administration Administration (FB), uye Federal Coms Comments Comments (FC) inotakura basa.

Mirayiro Yavatungamiriri Nemitemo

Imwe yenzira dzakananga zvikurusa iyo bazu rinotapura nayo vagari vemo ipfurikidza nemirairo yavakuru vakuru nemirau yamasangano. Mirairo yechiremera inopiwa naPurezidhendi uyo ane simba romutemo, anopiwa nhevedzano yokutonga. Mitemo, kuno rumwe rutivi, mitemo ine udzame inoitwa namasangano kuti ashandise mirau. Somuenzaniso, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSA) inopa miraudzo inoda vashandirwi kugovera migariro yokushanda yakakotseka, nepo EPA inoisa ganhuriro pazvinoshatsa zvinotapura mvura yaunonwa. Iyi miraudzo inobudiswa muFederal Registery uye ine pesvedzero inobatira pamabhizimisi navanhu vamwe navamwe zvakafanana.

Mabasa makuru ebazu roUkuru

Bazu ravakuru rinoita mhatsa huru yemabasa ayo anotsigira kudzora kwenyika nokubatira zvakananga vanhu. Pasi apa pane mitoro mikuru, imwe neimwe ine miuyo chaiyoiyo yenyika.

Kumanikidzwa Kwemitemo

Pamwero wayo mukuru, bazi guru rinovimbisa kuti mitemo yehurumende inoitwa nokutendeka. Ikoku kunobatanidza chinhu chiri chose kubva kuvanzveri vemitero muBato reRuramisiro kusvikira kukubata zvinhu zvenhema kupfurikidza neFomstom neBorders Protection. Masangano emitemo anotarisira kuchengetwa kwemitemo akadai seFBI, Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), uye Bureautari yeOs conholhol, Tobacco, Firems and Exlopasitives (ATFF) zvinobatirawo kutsigira gadziriro yemitemo yomubatanidzwa wetorongo yehurumende. Bazu rinotarisira rinodzorawo rinodzora gadziriro yetorongo yehurumende, iyo inova nemwero mukurusa Security and Exchange Commission (EC) inoita kuti mitemo yemari inodzivirira vatengidziridzi vomumumite.

Kutarisira Miitiro Yokumwe uye Kushandisa Zvemari

Purezidhendi anomirira United States iri kunze kwenyika, achitaurirana zvibvumirano (netendero yeDare) uye achiita zvibvumirano zvokutungamirira nemarudzi okumwe. Dhipatimendi reHurumende rinotarisira zvirongwa uye rinotungamirira munyika yose, richibudisa mapasipoti nemagwaro okubetsera vaAmerica vari mhiri kwamakungwa. Zvisarudzo zvebhizimisi zvinotapura vagari vemo kupfurikidza nemitemo yezvokutengeserana zvinopesvedzera mutengo wezvinhu zvakapinzwa kunze kwenyika, mibatanidzwa yechengeteko yamarudzi ose inochengeta nyika yakakotseka, uye yamuro yomutsa iyo inoratidzira mipimo yeAmerica. Somuenzaniso, chisarudzo chapurezidhendi chokuisa zvigaro zvesimbi pasimbi zvinogona kukwidza vagadziri vemichina yokugadzirwa nevanotenga motokari dzomumba.

Kugadzwa Kwevakuru - vakuru

Purezidhendi anogadza zviuru zvavanhu munzvimbo huru, kubatanidza vanyori veCabinet, vatongi vehurumende, nhume, uye vakuru vemasangano akazvimirira. Uku kugadza kunoumba nhungamiro yehurumende kwamakore anouya. Ganhuriranwa, inosimbiswa nokuda kwoupenyu, kududzira mitemo neBumbiro reMitemo, inopesvedzera maruramiro avagari vemo, mirau yemhoteredzo, uye miitiro yebhizimisi.

Vatungamiriri Vehondo

SoMutungamiriri weChief, Purezidhendi ane chiremera chikurusa paU.S. Mauto ane nezvombo, kubatanidza Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Space Force, uye Coast. Basa iri rinobatanidza kubvumira mabasa ehondo, kutumira mauto, uye kuita zvisarudzo pamusoro pedziviriro yenyika. Kuparadza kwezuva nezuva kunonzwika mumhinduro yengwavaira (zvakadai seArmy Corps of Enginers mukati memadutu), dziviriro yemigwara, uye kuvapo kwezvivako zvinotsigira upfumi hwomunharaunda. Mukuwedzera, Dhipati reVeteran Affairs (dhipatimendi renyika dzehurumende) rinogovera tarisiro nebetsero dzoutano nebetsero kumamirioni avarwi, zvinotapura zvakananga mhuri dzavo nenzanga.

Kushandiswa Kwebhajeti

Gore rimwe nerimwe, Purezidhendi anopa chikarakadzo chemari yokushandisa kuCongress chinoronga kupedza mari inoiswa pakutanga mupurogiramu dzose dzehurumende. Nepo pakupedzisira Congress ichifanira mari, bazi guru rinoita mari uye rinotarisira mari inoshandiswa nehurumende. Hofisi yeDzidzo neHofisi yeBhayimoni (OMB) inobatanidza purogiramu iyi. Zvisarudzo pamusoro pemari yepfuma, dzidzo, dzidzo, uye kuzvidzivirira kwenyika zvinoshandura kuva migumisiro chaiyoiyo yenyika yezvirongwa zvemigwagwa, kuwanika kwezvipo zvokunzvera, uye nhamba yavatarisiri vendege. Bazu revakuru vakuru rinounganidzawo mari kupfurikidza neInterernern Revece Service (IRS), zvinotapura mari yomunhu oga oga.

Kutapura Kunoita Bazu Rine Simba Upenyu Hwako Hwezuva Nezuva

Pasi apa pane nzvimbo dzakati dzarinonyatsooneka.

Dzidzo Neyamuro Yavadzidzi

Department of Education inotarisira zvikwereti zvavadzidzi vehurumende uye inopa mari inobetsera mamiriyoni anopinda koreji. Inomanikidzirawo mitemo yekodzero dzavagari vemo muzvikoro uye inogadza mipimo yemipiro yemipiro yemiunganidzwa yemibato pakubudirira kwevadzidzi. Bazu guru rinogona kukarakadza mitemo mitsva pachikwereti chevadzidzi, Pell Grant eigable, uye kuunganidzwa kwechikwereti chevadzidzi. Kuwedzerazve, National School Lunch Program, inotungamirira neDhipatimendi rezve reAgriculture, inogovera zvokudya zvapachena kana kuti zvitsarudzo kuvana vari mumhuri dzinowana mari shoma (8) inotapura zvakananga zvokudya zvavo nokukwanisa kudzidza.

Kutarisirwa Kweutano uye Utano Hwevanhu Vose

Kutarisira utano kwakaumbwa zvikuru nezvinoitwa nebazu rinodzorwa nevakuru vakuru. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) rinotarisira Medicare, Medicaid, uye Affordhable Care Act (ACA). Mitemo yaPrezidhendi inogona kukudza kana kuti kuganhurira, kuchinja mishonga inonyorwa, uye kutsigira kunzvera kwezvokurapa neNational Institutes of Health (NIH). Mukati mrakatiraniso woutano wavose, wakadai secovid-19 dendal, bazu rezvokuparadzira majekiseni, kunzvera, uye nhungamiro kubva kuCentreal for Diseaselsection (CDC). CD inobvumira kurapa kwezvishandiso zvitsva zvitsva zvitsva.

Kuchengeteka Kworuzhinji Nomutemo

Kotsekano yavose inopfuura mapurisa omunzvimbomo. Bazu rinoraira mitemo yehurumende inorwisana nougandanga, kutengeswa kwemirimo, utsotsi hweIndaneti, uye utsotsi hwakarongwa kupfurikidza namasangano akadai seFBI neDepartment of Homeland Security Administration. Hofisi yeTreamtion Security (TSA) inodzivirira vakwiri panhandare dzendege, nepo Federal Emergency Management Management Agency (FEMA) inopindura ngwavaira dzomusikirwo. Bureaunt of Prisons inotarisira vasungwa vehurumende, uye Hofisi ye Justice Programs inogoveration Programs inogovera nyika yehurumende uye gadziriro dzomutemo dzenzanga dzezvirongwa zvehurumende zvekudzivirira utsotsi.

Mitemo Yemhoteredzo Nemitemo Yemamiriro Okunze

Bazu guru rinoita basa guru mukudzivirira mhoteredzo nokugadzirisa kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) inoisa mipimo yokubudisa zvinobudiswa mumotokari nenzvimbo dzeindasitiri, inodzora kuchena kwemvura yokunwa, uye inodzora kucheneswa kwenzvimbo dzine ngozi. Zvisarudzo zvaPrezidhendi pamusoro pokuti zviitwe pamwe chete nezvibvumirano zvemamiriro okunze enyika yose, zvakadai seParis Resplaced, kuratidzira kuzvipira kwenyika kuderedza mhepo inodziyisa mhepo inopisa. Mitemo iyi inotapura mhepo yaunofema, mvura yaunonwa, uye marudzi anogoverana mhoteredzo yako. Kuwedzera, Dhipati reFreversting inodzora nyika dzose, paki dzenyika, uye kubhavhu, kudzora varaidzo yemhepo inodzitsa.

Tsika Dzemari Nedziviriro Yemutengi

Bazu guru rine miuyo yemari yakawanda. Department yeTreasure inotarisira mari yenyika, kubatanidza kuunganidzwa kwemitero, chikwereti, uye zvirango. Nepo Federal Reserve yakazvimirira, Purezidhendi anoisa Boka rayo raGavhuna, uyo anogadza mari yezvikwereti inotapura mari yechikwereti, makadhi okukwereta, uye mari yebhizimisi. Gadziriro yebhizimisi, yakaumbwa neHofisi yeUnited States Trade Arectic Intectivement neDhipatimendi yeChwe, anopesvedzera mutengo wezvinhu zvinotengwa nezvikwikwidziso zveAmerica inotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Masangano anodzivirira, akadai seConsumer Inficial Entecial Protection Burection Bureaution (FPCC) uye Federation Trective Commis, anonyengera, anotengesa, uye anotengesa.

Zvekufambisa Nezvirongwa

Nguva iri yose paunenge uchityaira mumugwagwa mukuru, uchibhururuka mundege yezvokutengeserana, kana kuti uchitasva chitima, unovimba nebazu guru. Department of Transportation (DOT) inotarisira Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Federal Highway Administration, Federal Rail Ortrap Administration, uye National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHSA). Masangano aya anogadza mipimo yekotsekano, anotarisira kudzora kufamba kwendege, anoyeuka, uye anopa mari yokushandisa nokuda kwokugadzira mugwagwa nebhiriji. Zvikarakadzo zvemari zvesangano zvinodzorwa zveFederal Rail Rairoundtray Administration, uye National Highway Tray Tration Administration Administration.

Kuchengeteka Kwezvokudya Nezvinhu Zvokutenga

FDA inodzora chengeteko yezvokudya zvizhinjisa (kunze kwenyama, huku, uye mazai akagadzirwa, ayo anowira pasi peUSDA). Mutemu Wouchar Safety Commission (CPSC) inoyeuka zvitakiso zvine ngozi, zvokushandisa, uye zvinhu zvepamba. Department of Agriculture rinovimbisa kuti nyama nehuku zvinoongororwa. Masangano aya anovimba nebazu guru nokuda kwokushandisa mari, utungamiriri, uye zvokutarisira. Paunotenga zvokudya zvakaiswa mupaka kana kuti chigaro chomwana, unovimba kuti bazi repamusoro raita basa raro kuti richengetedzwe.

Kodzero Dzevagari Vemo Neruramisiro Yenzanga

Bazu guru rinoisa mitemo yehurumende inorambidza rusaruro yakavakirwa padzinza, chikadzi, rudzidziso, urema, uye zvimwe zvinhu. Department of Civil Rights Division inonzvera kusazvibata kwamapurisa, kuputsa maruramiro okuvhota, uye kusarurana kwedzimba. The Secumetic Obthoption Optionment Commissioner (EOC) inorapa zvichemo zvekusasarura pabasa. Mirairo yechiremera inogonawo kufambira mberi patsika dzinotendwa kana kuti kurambidza rusaruro pahwaro hwevatano nezivikano yevatano. Zviito izvi zvine tapuro yakananga pakusaruramisira mudzidzo, mabasa, uye dzimba.

Makemikari Nedzikamo: Kuzvidavirira

Gadziriro yeCunity yecheki nedzikamo inovimbisa kuti hakuna bazi rimwe rinova nesimba zvikuru.

Kutarisira Kwomutemo Nedare

Congress ine simba rechikwama chehurumende. Imba neDare zvinogonawo kutungamirira kutongwa, magwaro epasuru pepa, uye kunzvera zviito zvebazu. Dare rinosimbisa kugadzwa kwapurezidhendi uye rinofanira kuita zvibvumirano nevoruzhinji vaviri. Mukuwedzera, Congress inogona kudzora vhoti yapurezidhendi netatu mbiri mudzimba dzose. Masimba aya anomanikidza bazi ravakuru kuti ritsigire mitemo yaro uye kuti riremekedze pamutemo. Somuenzaniso, Congress anogona kuvhationsss revomhea rusvingo rwomuganhu kana kuti kumanikidza misoro yesangano kupupurira pamusoro pezvisarudzo zvaro zvavo.

Kuhwirudzura Kunoitwa Nematare

Dare reFederal rine chiremera chokuhwirudzura zviito zvehurumende ndokusarudza kana zvichiwirirana neBumbiro reMitemo nemirau yehurumende. Munhu upi noupi anotapurwa nemurairo wechiremera kana kuti murairo wavakuru vakuru anogona kuudenha mudare. Dare Rapamusorosoro rakakurira zviito zvokutungamirira pahwaro zvakadai sechiremera chikuru chebumbiro remitemo kana kuti kuputsa kodzero dzomunhu oga. iyi nzvero yedare inovimbisa kuti bazu ritsigire mutemo, richidzivirira vagari vemo pazvisarudzo zvoudzvinyiriri kana kuti zvisiri zvapamutemo.

Kuzvidavirira Kworuzhinji Kupfurikidza Nechisarudzo Nechibvumirano

Vagari vanonzvera zvikuru bazu ravakuru vakuru kupfurikidza nesarudzo. Purezidhendi anosarudzwa makore mana ari ose, uye kuumbwa kweCongress kunochinja makore maviri ari ose. Voters vanogona kutusa kana kuti kuranga vapamberi musimba rakavakirwa pakushanda kwebazu guru. Kunze kwebhokisi rebhorati, vagari vemo vanogona kutora rutivi kupfurikidza nokuonana navamiririri vavo, kupinda miraudzo yavose pamifungo inodzorwa, kuisa tsinhiro mukati megadziriro yokuita mitemo, uye kushandisa maruramiro avo okutanga kushora kana kuti kukumbira hurumende. Ruzivo rwenhau rwenhau nerabhurari renhau dzinobatirawo secheki, kuratidzira kushandiswa zvisina kufanira simba kana kuti uori.

Kuvavarira Nokuparadzana

Bumbiro reMitemo rinobvumira Imba yavamiririri kudzosa Purezidhendi, Mutungamiriri weHurumende, kana kuti vamwe vakuru vakuru vehurumende nokuda kwe “kurangarira, chiokomuhomwe, kana kuti mamwe matsotsi makuru uye matsotsi.” Ipapo Dare rinotonga uye rinogona kupiwa mhosva nevoruzhinji vaviri, zvichiguma nokubviswa panzvimbo. Nepo kusateerera kusingawanzoitika, idziviriro ine simba pakushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwesimba uye yave ichishandiswa munhau yeAmerica, kubatanidza naPurezidhendi Andrew Johnson, Bill Clinton, naDonald Trump (twice).

Mupeto: Bazu Rane Mutungamiriri Seshamwari Yezuva Nezuva

Bazu guru harisi renyika iri kure, ipfungwa inofungidzirwa. Ndiro simba rinovimbisa kuti mvura yomupombi wako yakachengeteka, basa rako rinodzivirirwa noutano uye nokuchengeteka, kufamba kwako nendege kwakachengeteka, uye kodzero dzako dzemari dzinodzivirirwa. Kubva kuSocial Security yeSocial Security inotsigira kutsigira mirau yakachena inochengetedza zvisikwa zvinozogara zviripo, bazu revakuru rinoumbwa muruvara rwoupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kunzwisisa kuti rinoshanda sei uye kuti ungaitei nayo sei kupfurikidza nokuvhota, tsinhiro yavose, uye simba rehurumende rinokubatsira kuti uve mushandiridzi woruzivo rwehurumende. Nguva inotevera unoona chiratidzo chezvokudya, puranga rendege, kana kuti mutero, inoita nguva inozivikanwa nezvinoitika pamabazu anoona zviripo zvinobvira.