Table of Contents

Basa Rekunzwa KweCongressqualion Mukutaura Nedambudziko reOpioid Noutano Hwavose

Murakatira weopioid wakatanga seimwe yemigariro yengozi yavose inoparadza zvikurusa munhau yazvino uno yeAmerica. Chifo chapamberi pama1990, kunyanyonyorwa kwezvinoderedza marwadzo, kuchiteverwa nokuwedzera kweheroin neopioid, kwakatungamirira kumazana ezviuru zvenzufu dzinonyanyoshandiswa. Mukuwirirana neU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), vanhu vanenge 108 000 vakafa nezvinodhaka zvinonyanyowandisa mu 20222 moga, namaokinange maoki akaitwa kuti apentioid anobatanidzwa mumijairo yemarivhinzi mbiri dzengozi idzodzo ([[FLT] CD] CD CD CD CD CD CD Medicive , [FLT]]). Mumhinduro yezvisakiso zvizhinji, U.SGeness Congsssss anoona mishonga, zvinonzvera zvisakiso, zvirongwa zvokudzorwa, zvinoshandiswa pakugovera chirongwa cheroriso, sechipo chenyika, sechipo chenyika, , chinyorwa nokuda kweku

Chinangwa uye Mavambo Enyaya Dzemasangano

Misangano yedare inodzorwa nematare kana kuti masangano maduku eDare kana kuti Imba yaVamiririri. Mabasa avo makuru anobatanidza kuunganidza mashoko, kunzvera kuitwa kwemitemo, kutarisirwa kwamasangano ebazu makuru, uye zvikarakadzo zvemitemo zvinosimudzirwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu enjodzi yeOpioid, kunzwa kwave kuchishandiswa kuunza pamwe chete vatengi vengozi pautano hwavose, kuchengetwa kwomutemo, indasitiri yemishonga, uye nzanga dzakatapurwa.

Kuunganidza Mashoko Nokuwana Chokwadi

Kunzwa kunobvumira vaiti vemitemo kunzwa zvakananga kubva kunyanzvi, vakuru vakuru vehurumende, uye vanhu vakararama. Ufakazi uhwu hunobatsira Dare kuti rinzwisise kuoma kwedenda reopioid, kubva pakupa mipimo nesayenzi yokupindwa muropa kusvika kumigodhi yezvikwereti nezvikabhuro zvisingabvumirwi. Somuenzaniso, uchapupu hunobva kuDrug Enforcement Administration (DEA) hwakazivisa kuti mapikitala echikaro amadziro echipa nemheno dzepasi pose zvakawedzera sei njodzi ([[FLT: 0]]DEA DA OMUMWE WAPURO INOPINDA ZVINGA UCHAITA MISANGA.). Nenzira yakafanana, vanzveridzi voutano vanoratidza mashoko pamusoro pokupindira kwezviito zvinobudirira, zvakadai semishonga yakakamuraniso (MAFLT) uye kukuvadza.

Kuzvidavirira Nokutarisira

Dare rokutarisira reCongress rinopa mhaka masangano ehurumende ane mutoro nokuda kwezviito zvawo kana kuti kusaita. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), DEA, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), uye National Institutes of Health (NIH) nguva dzose anopupurira pamusoro penhamburiko dzavo dzokurwisa njodzi. Mumhiko dzakakwirira dzakawanda, vakuru vakuru vakuru vakashorwa pamusoro pezviito zvinononoka kukukwira kugadzirwa kwepentanyl, kuperevedza murairo weopioids, uye kunonotsa kurapa kwokutendera. Uku kutarisira kunogona kutungamirira kukuwandira, nhevedzano, nhevedzano, uye kupiwa mari.

Kubudirira Kwomutemo uye Kuvaka Kwemasangano

Hearings often serve as the starting point for new laws. The testimony, expert recommendations, and public pressure generated during a hearing can shape the text of bills. For instance, the Substance Use-Disorder Prevention that Promotes Opioid Recovery and Treatment (SUPPORT) for Patients and Communities Act of 2018 — a landmark piece of legislation — drew heavily from findings presented in multiple hearings across several committees. Bipartisan coalitions formed around shared concerns about the crisis, leading to measures that expanded access to MAT, improved prescription drug monitoring programs, and increased penalties for fentanyl trafficking.

Nyaya Huru Dzakaongororwa Munzeve Dzakavharwa

Mumakore gumi apfuura, kutongwa kwedare kwakati kuti kwakaongorora nhau dzakawanda dzakabatanidzwa nokushandisa zvisina kufanira uye kupindwa muropa.Nzvimbo imwe neimwe yakanyudza zvikuru mumashoko, pfungwa dzenyanzvi, uye mirangariro inorwisana.

Kunyora Zvisina Kufanira uye Kutengesa Mishonga

Rimwe rengwariro dzapakuvamba zvikurusa rakanga riri basa ravatarisiri vezvoutano namakambani emirimo mukupfuudzira denda. Kunzwa kwakapupurira kuti kutengesa kune masimba masimba kwakaitwa namakambani akadai sePurdue Pharma kwakarerutsa ngozi dzokupindwa muropa ndokutungamirira kumamirioni emishonga yakawandisa yeopioid. Mazvoro akabvunza vakuru vakuru pamusoro pezvinhu zvinotsausa zvokusimudzira, kushandiswa kweopiojoid inopa kurudziro, uye kundika kushuma mirairo inonyumwira. Uku kunzwa kwakabetsera kuratidzira mipiro yeindasitiri yemishonga kunjodzi ndokutungamirira kumitengo yapamutemo mizhinjisarirano. Chipupuriro chavose chinobva kuvamiriri vaichimbova vamiriri vasha vanotengesa navanopfumbadzira vakagovera ufakazi hune simba hwakapesvedzera kurangarira vanhu vose uye kupfurikidza nokunyudzwa.

Kurapwa Nokurapwa Nezvinoitwa Nevave vakapindwa Muropa

Mumwe musoro unodzokororwa unoreva musiyano pakati penhamba yevanhu vane opioid vanoshandisa vhiringidziko (OUD) nokuvapo kwemarapirwe anotsigirwa nouchapupu. Kunzwa kwakasimbisa kwasimbisazve kuperevedza kwevagoveri vanogona kunyora bupreinfoni nemethadone, mutengo wakakwirira wokurapa, uye miganhu yeinishuwa. Zvapupu zvomumaruwa zvinorondedzera kumirira mapurogiramu edetox uye kushayikwa kwemiri yepfungwa. Mumhinduro, Congressverices yakachengeta kunzwa kukurukura zvinodikanwa zvakafanana nokubvisa chinodikanwa chebuplenomine (zvinozopedzisira zvabviswa muna 2023), kukura , kupfuunika mishonga yokupindwa muropa muropa, uye kuwedzerwa mari nokuda kweSpeaselse Services interse Services (AS).

Kumuka KwemaSynthetic Opioid Nefentanyl

Kuchinja kubva pamishonga inoshandiswa kuenda papenoids kufentany nanalog yayo zvave zviri musoro mukuru kubvira munenge muna 2016. Kunzwa kwakanzvera basa ravatengesi vemakemikoro veChina neMexico, zvinetso zvokuziva nokuwana zvitsama zviduku zvefentany, uye chinetso chokudzoresa kunyanyisa kwemibatanidzwa ine simba rakawanda. Vakuru vakuru vemitemo vakapa ufakazi hwemitoo yokupinza zvinhu zvisiri pamutemo, nepo nyanzvi dzezvoutano dzinokurukura kudikanwa kwenaloxone nokuparadzira kwakapararira. Mumwe mutengi mukuru 2023 pamberi peDare reSantern Homeland Security neProgionment Affaiaial yanangeria shonge pakusimbisa muganhu uye kushasisa makemikari ([FLPF]][0]

Kudzivirira Vagari Vemo Vari Pachivako

Mirangariro yakanzverawo nzira yokudzivisa nayo kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kweopioid isati yavamba. Ikoku kunobatanidza kurukurirano pamiitiro yedzidzo, gadziriro dzokuongorora mirimo inobvumirwa nachiremba (PDMPs), kugadza nhungamiro, uye kuraswa kwemirimo isingashandiswi. Nhevedzo chaiyo inopiwa kuvaduku, varwi, uye vanhu vane marwadzo asingaperi. Chipupuriro chechikoro, vakuru vezvoutano, uye vatungamiriri vezvokurapa vehondo vakazivisa zviito zvakafanana ne “Kurega Kushandiswa kweMishonga yeMiridzi” uye“ Zvirongwa Zvokurapa Zvisingashandisimudziro. Zvinodikanwa zvakasiana - kwezva zvakasiana - pamutemo zvamapoka avanhu vamaIndia — semitengo yakakwirira zvikuru pakati pemaIndia okuAmerica namaIndia eAlas — zvakasimbiswa mukutonga.

Kutsvakurudza, Kuziva, uye Kuchinja

Chinosimbiswa zvikuru chinodikanwa nokuda kwemiunganidzwa yemitemo iri nani nenzvero yesayenzi. Kunzwa kwakanzvera gadziriro dzekunzvera dzeCDC, HEAL IPUNITIWE, uye kutanga kwokurapa kusingashandisi marwadzo. Vagadziri vemitemo vanobvunza vabvunzazve pamusoro pemikaha mukuwanwa pakati penyika, kunonoka kunyanyowandisa kwenguva chaiyo kushuma, uye mwero yemari yokufunda kunaya kwenguva refu. Kutanga mibato yakafanana nemirando inonangurirwa nefoni, mishonga mitsva inodzivisa kurwa kwamashoko, uye ruzivo rwokuwana mirimo yemirimo inowanzoratidza kuti inowanikwa mukati mechidzidzo yedzidzo yedzidzo nenyanzvi dzemaindasitiri.

Kutapura Kutongwa Kwedare Neutano Hwavose

Kupa mitemo, kuchinja nhoroondo dzevanhu, uye kupesvedzera zvinoitwa nemasangano evanhu uye evanhu vose.

Migumisiro Yemitemo

Gadziriro yakananga inobatanidza kupfuudzwa kweRefere Care Act, Opioid Crisis Response Act, uye mari dzakawanda dzegore negore dzokuwedzera mari nokuda kwokurapa nokudzivirira. Somuenzaniso, COPROFIX Act yakagovera mabhiriyoni $8,4 emabhiriyoni mashanu kupurogiramu kuyambuka HHS, kubatanidza mhinduro dzehurumende dzinopa, dzinowedzerwa kusvika kwetelehealth, uye kuvapo kukuru kwebituro yebudnorphine. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, 2023 Contived Appropriates Act yakabatanidza gadziriro dzinobva mumhamphenet nefetl cone, dzichitungamirira zvinhu kunzira itsva dzokudzivirira. — Gadziro dzakawanda dzinodikanwa pakunyora zvinhu zvamagetwa — dzakatangwa munguva inotepfekerwa.

Zviito Zvokutungamirira uye Zvokuronga

Vatungamiriri veAgency vanowanzozivisa mitemo mitsva kana kuti kutevedzerwa kwemitemo pakupindura mibvunzo yokunzwa. DEA yakagadziridza migove yeopioid yegore negore yadzika pashure pokunzwa kwanyanya kusimbiswa. FDA yawedzera kudzokororwa kweanovharwa naro uye kurapa kutsva. CDC yakagadziridza mirayiridzo yayo inoiswa pachikuva neganhuriro inonamira paufakazi hunopiwa munzwi. Kuchinja uku, nepo kuri kuwedzera, kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yapashure pakuraira tsika nedziviriro yokushivirira.

Kuziva Vanhu Nekuchinja Kwenzanga

Kunzwa kunotepfenyura kunounza njodzi mudzimba dzokugara dzevaAmerica, kupinza kupindwa muropa nevanhu uye kuderedza kunyadziswa. Apo mitezo yemhuri yavanyajambwa vanonyanyowandisa inopupurira, nhau dzavo dzinogona kunzwika nemamiriyoni. Kuoneka kwokunzwa kungadzvinyirirawo makambani anogadzira mishonga, mabhinya, uye vaparadzi kuti vagamuchire kuparadzirwa kworumano nemiitiro yokutengesa. Kuziva vanhu kwakaparirwa nokunzwa kwakaparira kugamuchirwa kwakapararira kwemitemo yakaisvonaka yeSamaria, kugamuchirwa kwokuderera kwekuvadziko, uye mutauro une tsitsi zvikuru mukufumura.

Mienzaniso Yenzeve Dzazvino Uno uye Dzine Simba

Kuenzanisira kuti kunzwa uku kunoshanda sei munguva chaiyoiyo, rangarira mienzaniso inoverengeka inokosha yakabva mumakore mana apfuura.

2021 Dare Remari reDare reDare reDare reMari Rinoparira Panhau Yokunyengera Nokubata Zvisina Kufanira Mugadziriro Dzezveutano Dzakafemerwa

Uku kutongwa kwakanzvera kuti njodzi yeopioid yakavhengana sei neMedicare neMedicaid, ichinangidzira ngwariro pakuronzesa kwokunyengera, cheni dzemishonga dzakazadza mitoo yemishonga inonyumwirwa, uye basa ramaneja anobetsera mafafitera. Ufakazi kubva kuHHS Office of Inspector General hwakazivisa kuti mamirioni amadhora akapambadzwa nemishonga yeopioid isiri madikanwa nokuda kwavabhadharwi. Kunzwa kwakatungamirira zvakananga kukuvandudza zvishandiso zvokunzvera mashoko nezvirango zvakaoma zvikuru nokuda kwavatsigiri vanotengesa zvinhu zvisingadzorwi nenzira inodikanwa.

2022 Simba Reimba Nekutarisira Kwezvokutengeserana Kunzwa PamaOpioid

Nekufa kwefentanyl, uku kunzwa kwakapinda munhevedzano yamakemikari. Vaiti vemitemo vakanzwa kubva kuDEA, Department of Homeland Security, uye nyanzvi dzoutano hwavanhu pamusoro pokudirana kukuru kwemadangari efentanyl anobva China uye kuoma kwokuadzora. Kunzwa kwaiedza kukurumidza kuronga makemikari okutanga sezvinhu zvinodzorwa uye kuwedzerwa mari nokuda kwezvishandiso zvokushandisa panze. Kwakasimbisawo kudikanwa kwebatira pamwe chete nenyika dzakawanda umo makemikoro aya anobudiswa.

2023 Dare Rinonzwa Kurapwa Kwemari uye Kupindwa Muropa Neutano, Dzidzo, Basa, uye Penzuru (HELP)

Panguva yedenda racho, telehealth propenibilities yakakudzwa kubvumira bvuumeri inonyora kupfurikidza nefoni dzenzwi bedzi. Uku kunzwa kwakayera kushanda nokukwana kwekuchinja ikoko. Nyanzvi dzakapa mashoko anoratidza kuti kuronga kwokurapa kwapamberi pekuwedzera munharaunda dzomumaruwa pasina kudzokororwa kunowedzera. Kunzwa kwakaumbwa kwebvumirano yokuita kuti aya maperetirwe echinyakare, ayo akaratidzirwa mu 2023 Telehealth Modertiation Act uye magadzirirwo emitemo akatevera.

2024 Mubatanidzwa Wapaimba Wevatungamiriri Vehurumende Unonzwa Pamachiki Chains Nedenda reOpioid

Kupfuurira kunangidzira ngwariro pamutoro wekambani, uku kunzwa kwakanzvera basa reketani huru dzemishonga (zvikurusa, CVS, Wal Greenents, Walmart) munzanga dzinopfuura neopioids. Ufakazi hwakabva kuvaichimbova vagadziri vemishonga namagwaro omukati hwakaratidza kuti dzvinyiriro yebhizimisi yokusvitsa mitero yebhizimisi yakatungamirira sei kukuzadza mavhoriyamu makuru emishonga pasina kushingaira kwakafanira. Kunzwa kwakagovera kumatare anopfuurira nenzvimbo, uye kwakanyandura mutemo wenzvimbo yehurumende unoda maazakisi kuti atsigire kuva apamutemo kwemishonga yeOpioid.

Zvinetso Nokutsoropodza Kutongwa Nematare

Kunyange zvazvo kunzwa kuchikosha, kune pakunogumira.

Kuzvimiririra uye Kumira Zvikuru

Dzimwe nzeve dzinopinda muhoro yezvamatongerwe enyika, navaiti vemitemo vachishandisa nguva yavo kutora mapfundo enzvimbo yokubvunza mibvunzo miduku. Ikoku kunogona kusekesa donzo rokuunganidza mashoko ndokuderedza chivimbo chavanhu. Somuenzaniso, mukati mokunzwa kwemichina yemichina yakakwirira, mimwe mitezo yakashandisa banza kudenha nzvimbo dzechipo chinopikisana nechezvoutano, kuchideredza itiro hanya pamishonga yeopioid.

Kushaikwa Kwekutevera

Muitiro wevatongi unogona kudzora rumbidzo kwemakore usingatarisirwi, zvipikirwa zvinoitwa pakutonga zvingakanganwika. Kukundikana kutevera rumbidzo dzekare pamusoro pegadziriro yekutora nguva yeDEA yakanga iri musiyano mukuru wakabvumira njodzi kuipisisa.

Zvapupu Zvine Miganhu

Kunzwa dzimwe nguva kunonangana nenyanzvi dzakati wandei, kusingashandi mumasangano euroot, vanhu vari kupindwa muropa, kana kuti varapi vari kunzvimbo dzehondo. Ikoku kunogona kuderedza kunzwisisa kwezvinoshanda pamwero wenzanga. Mamwe matare akaita nhamburiko dzokubatanidza manzwi akasiana - siana, akadai sevarwere mukunaya, asi kusawirirana kuchiripo.

Kutamba Kusingakwani

Mamwe mativi akakomba enjodzi anogamuchira ngwariro shomanene, zvakadai sokubatana pakati pokupa mishonga yeopioid uye gare gare kushandiswa kweheroin, kutarisirwa kwemarwadzo kwakasiyana kwezvinodikanwa zvamapoka akaderedzwa, kana kuti basa remisika yapamutemo neisisiri yapamutemo nokuda kwezvimwe zvinhu zvinobatanidza denda.

Nhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi: Kusimbisa Basa Rekunzwa

Kuti vawedzere kubudirira kwokutongwa kwedare mukutaura nezvedambudziko reopioid, vandudziko dzinoverengeka dzinodikanwa.

Kubatanidzwa Kuri Nani Kwemashoko Nouchapupu Hwamazvikokota

Matare anofanira kuisa mari mukunzvera kwokuzvimirira uye mano ezvokuongorora ufakazi hunopiwa.

Kuwedzera Kujeka uye Michina Yokutevera

Kukumbira masangano kuti abvume pachena kunyorera rumbidzo imwe neimwe inopiwa munhambo yakagadzwa yenzwi kungaita kuti kuzvidavirira kuve nani.

Mapoka EZvapupu Anoparadzanisa

Matare anofanira kutanga miitiro yokuvimbisa kumirira kwemaruwa nenzanga dzemaguta, madzinza emadzinza maduku, mapoka ezera akasiyana - siyana, uye mativi ose omumaguta nemaruwa. Kubatanidza vanhu vakawanda vane utachiona hwazvino kana kuti hwekare vhiringidziko kungaita kuti njodzi uye muitiro wepasi pano zvive nyore.

Mauto Okushanda eBarpartisan Committees

Nemhaka yokuti njodzi yeopioid inopa nhambo youtano, kuchengetwa kwemitemo, kutengeserana, uye kutengeserana, kuwirirana kwematare kunogona kupa murangariro wakajeka zvikuru.

mhedziso

Kunzwa kweCongress hakusi kungoita zvokungoratidzira bedzi, zvinoshanda senzira inokosha yokuratidzira midzi yenjodzi yeopioid, kuchiita kuti vatambi vane simba vazvipindure, uye kushandura ufakazi hwokushanda. Nepo kusati kuri kunzwa kwose kunopa mutemo mutsva kana kuti kuchinja kwokudzokororwa, muuyo unowedzerwa woutarisiri nokukurukurirana kwavose wakasimba wakaumba mhinduro yenyika. Kubva pakunzvera kwokutanga kupfurikidza nokutengesa kwemishonga kusvikira kungwariro yemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi pamusoro pokutengesa kwefantilyn uye kurapa, uku kunzwa kwakamanikidzira kurukurirano dzakaoma uye kunyandura ndangariro dzine revo, kunyange zvazvo kazhinji kazhinji kacho chiito chisina kukwana. Chirakasanhamba chinozivikanwa zvino kupfurikidza nokubatanidzwa kwemiitiro yemirimo yemirimo yavose sechazine — Arnglesss anopfuurira kugadziridza mutoo wayo, manzwi anodzo, manzwi anodzo akasiana - simbi, uye kupfurikidza nokukurukurirana kupfurikidza nokuziva kupfurikidza nokuzivikanwa kwesimba kwesimba zvikuru.