Kuchinjwa Kwehurukuro Yemadhimoni Nezvinobudisa Nhau

Kukura kwezvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga kwakarondedzerazve zvikuru kuti hurukuro yedemocracy inopedzeka sei munyika yose. Iyi chinjo inounza zvose zviri zviviri mikana nenjodzi dzinoda kuongororwa nokungwarira. Nyaya inoongorora basa rakaoma uye rinochinja rezvinobudisa nhau dzenzanga muhurukuro yehurumende yemazuva ano, ichiyera simba rayo rokupa vagari vemo simba rokuita kuti vadzorerwe mune zvematongerwe enyika, vachipana mashoko, uye vanokurudzira kuti vaite basa rehurumende.

Kuchinja Kwaiita Magariro Evanhu Nezvematongerwe Enyika

Kuti anzwisise ukuru hwesimba renzanga pahurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, munhu anofanira kurangarira kukurukurirana kukuru kwenhau kwekurukurirano yemagariro enyika. Zana ramakore rechi20 rakapupurira kubuda kweInternet, iyo yakatanga kushanda senzvimbo yemashoko asingazivikanwi. Masangano eBulletin board (BBS) uye Unet muma 1980 ne 1990s inobvumira varapi vokutanga kukurukura zvematongerwe enyika munzanga dzepaIndaneti yeInternet, asi aya maForm akaramba asingagoni kusvikwa zvikuru nevoruzhinji. Kutanga kweWorld Wide Web paweb muna 1991 defacratedh, uye kupera kwa1990, nhizha dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzakavamba kunzvera nenzvimbo huru dzepanyundo netsamba.

Kutanga kwa2000 kwakaratidza kumuka kwemaIndaneti neIndaneti semabudiro okukurukura zvematongerwe enyika, zvichiita kuti vanhu vabudise pfungwa pasina kuda kubudisa mashoko. Platforms dzakaita seBlogger neWordPress dzakabvumira munhu wose ane mashoko eInternet kuva mutsinhiri. Asi kuwanda kwemawere okukurukurirana kwakaita kuti pave nekurukurirano yezvamatongerwe enyika. Facebook yakatanga muna 2004, Titterdate muna 2006 uye Instagram muna 2010. Zvikamu izvi zvakatanga zvinhu zvakadai sezvokudya chaizvo, hathtags, uye kudzokororwa kwemashoko kwaiita kuti vanhu vakurumidze kumhanya uye kusvika kwamashoko ezvematongerwe enyika.

Kusvika kuma2010, masangano enzanga akanga ava manyuko makuru enhau uye mashoko ezvematongerwe enyika kumamiriyoni evanhu munyika yose.

Kukurira Kubatanidzwa Kwezvamatongerwe Enyika

Makambani epasi pevhu akaderedza mhinganidzo dzokutora rutivi mune zvematongerwe enyika munzira dzisingamboitiki. Kare, kupinda muhurukuro dzezvematongerwe enyika zvaida kupinda horo dzemataundi, kunyorera tsamba vamiririri, kana kuti kupinda muzviteshi zvemapepanhau zvegamuchidzanwa. Nhasi, chero ani zvake ane foni anogona kugoverana mirangariro, kubatana, uye kuronga zvinoitika nenhamburiko duku. Uku kudzorwa kwenzwi rezvematongerwe enyika kwakapa simba vagari vemo mumativi ose akasiana - siana.

Kuwedzera Kuzivikanwa Kwemashoko Ezvamatongerwe Enyika

Marobhoti ezvokushandira magariro avanhu anobudisa nhau dzezvamatongerwe enyika uye mashoko ayo vanoshandisa vangasasangana neimwe nzira. Mibato, masangano ehurumende, uye mapoka ezvokukurukurirana zvinoshanda zvirongwa zvinoshandisa izvi kuparadzira mashoko zvakananga kuvagari vemo, kudarika vachengeti vemasuo ezvinobudisa nhau. Somuenzaniso, mukati medenda reCOVID-19, zviremera zvoutano zvavanhu zvakashandisa Twitter naFacebook kuparadzira kugadziridza kwakaipa, kusvika kumamiriyoni mukati memaminitsi. Iyi muganhu wakananga wekurukurirano inogona kuwedzera kujekacha uye kuzvidavirira, zvikurukuru apo zvinobudisa nhau zvegamuchidzanwa zvinoongororwa kana kuti zvisingasvikiki.

Midzi Inotanga Kufamba uye Kuoneka

Masangano enzanga akabvumikisa kuva chishandiso chine simba nokuda kwamafambiro ouswa kuti awane unooneka nokuwedzera. Mitezo yakadai se # BlacksMatter, [[FLT]],# Meo[[FLT]], uye [[FLT]#FRIT] #FRINTY [FORTUM] FORMUT[ inoshandisa zviteshiviso zvenzanga kutsinhiranisa zviito, kugoverana nhau dzomunhu oga, uye masangano anopesvedzera nokuda kwokuchinja. Mano okugadzira nokuparadzira utachiona anobvumira mapoka anozvidzwa kuti azvinyorere zviziviro zvavo uye anokwezva nyika yose. A20 afundo nePExtercence inowanikwa nePT. Vanhu vakuru vakuru vanodavira zvikuru kuti kuchinja zvikuru munzanga kana kuti vapfuureteve.

Kupindira Kwenguva Chaiyoiyo Nemifananidzo Yezvamatongerwe Enyika

Nhevedzano dzenzanga dzinobvumira vagari vemo kukurukurirana zvakananga navatungamiriri vezvamatongerwe enyika, vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa, uye vadaviri. Live Q&A marusando, mhinduro, uye nhau dzeInstagrami dzinoumba pfungwa yokuzviwanira nokutaurirana. Nepo kunaka kweidzi batano kuchisiyana, vanogona kuita kuti vezvamatongerwe enyika vaite vanhu uye kuita kuti vanzwe vari kure zvishoma. Somuenzaniso, Gurukota guru reNew Zealand Jacinda Ard akashandisa Facebook Live kukurukura zvisarudzo zvemitemo noungwaru mukati menjodzi, vachigadza mupimo mutsva wemipimo wemichina.

Zvinetso Zvokuziva Mashoko Asina Kunaka uye Zvokusanzwisisana

Nepo zvinobudisa nhau zvichisimudzira kubatanidzwa kwezvamatongerwe enyika, zvinoderedza panguva imwe cheteyo kupararira kwemashoko enhema uye anotsausa. Mishformation(* uye rondedzero) nezvinonyengera zvinonyengera nejekeso. (zvinoita kuti tyisidziro dzakakomba kuhurukuro yedemokrasi. Kukurumidza, utachiona hwezvikuva zvive zvinoita kuti kuve kwakaoma kuva nenhema kana zvangowana nhevedzano.

Kuchinja Mafungiro Evanhu uye Maitiro Avanoita Vachibudisa Manzwi

Nhau dzenhema dzinogona kuumba murangariro wavanhu uye kunyange miuyo inodzorwa. Nzvero yakaitwa neMassachusetts Institute of Technology yakawana kuti nhema paTutter dzinopararira nokukurumidza zvikuru uye kure zvikuru kupfuura zvokwadi, zvikurukuru munzvimbo yezvamatongerwe enyika. Mukati mesarudzo yeU.S., nhau dzakaumba dzakagamuchira bvumirano yakawanda paFacebook kupfuura nhau chaidzoidzo. Nenzira yakafanana, kubvisa masangano enhau kwakaparira kusarudzwa munyika dzakadai seBrazil, India, uye Philippines, kazhinji kazhinji kacho kunoshandisa mapoka enzanga aripo.

Kudzikamisa Mitemo Kwezvatinenge Tichinzwisisa

Maarufabheti enzanga anoisa pakutanga zvinhu zvinoparira kuvimbisana kwedandemutande ($clicks, goverano, tsinhiro). Zvirimo zvinonyungurira kukuvara, kunyumwira, uye kutya zvinoparira kuparira kuvimbisana kwakakwirira, kutungamirira maarusaiti kuti afukunure zvinhu zvakadaro zvakatonyanya. Ikoku kuparira chisaririra chinoparira kupesana kwezvamatongerwe enyika uye kugovera kunzvimbo yeIndaneti umo mirangariro yakanyanyisa inowedzerwa pane ine mwero. A 201 mushumo weWall Street Journal on the Facebook yakaratidza kuti chitejimendetial inoparira kupesana, kubatanidza ruvengo nemashoko okushatanwa.

Nhamburiko Dzokurwisa Kuziviswa Zvisina Kunaka

Platforms dzakapindura nepurogiramu dzinoongorora chokwadi, magumo ane mwero, uye kunyorwa kwamashoko enhema. Somuenzaniso, Twitter akatanga mapepa enyevero patweet ane nharo, uye Facebook yakabatanidzwa navacherekedzi veidi rechitatu kuti vaderedze kusvika kwamashoko asina kururama. Zvisinei, idzi nhamburiko dzinowanzotarisana nokusabvumirana nevashandisi vanoarangarira sebvunzo, uye kudzikamisa kunoramba kuchipesana mumitauro nenharaunda. Chinetso chinoomazve kupfurikidza nokushandiswa kwemaaunzi emunhu oga akaita seApp, umo mashoko enhema anoparadzirwa mumapoka asina kugona kunyorwa nenzira ine mwero.

Kutapura Nhimbe Dzezvamatongerwe Enyika Nenzira Yokuita Nayo Zvinhu

Nhepfenyuro dzemagariro avanhu dzakachinja zvikuru nzira iyo nhimbe dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzinorongwa, kuurawa, uye kuongororwa.

Kushambadza Kwakafanorongwa uye Kubereka Microar

Chimwe chezvinjo dzinokosha zvikurusa imano okupa mashoko akacherekedzwa kumapoka akati echiverengero chavagari vemo akavakirwa pamashoko anoshandiswa. Mishandirapamwe inogona kuparira zvikamu zvevateereri zvisingadzorwi pazera, nzvimbo, fariro, uye kunyange rondedzero dzendangariro. Mukati mesarudzo ya2016 yeU. Cambridge Analytica yakacherwa zvakashata kubva kumamirioni eFacebook profiles kuvaka mavokicha avanhu uye kugovera kushambadza kugadzirwa kwapameso. Nepo kupfuunda kushomanene kunogona kuvandudza kuvandudzika, kunogonesawo kutumira mashoko anopesana kumapoka akasiyana, kusekesa kuoneka nokubvumira kufungira mano akaipa kushangasingagamuchiriki pahedhedheywa.

Kumanikidzwa Nokubatanidzwa Muropa

Masangano anoreverera purogiramu dzenzanga kunyoresa kwevavhoti, kuronga zviitiko, uye kushandira kunze. Sangano reSnapchat rakabatanidza nezvisingashandisi purofiti kuti vanyorese vavhoti vaduku zvakananga mumidziyo. Vashandi vanogona kuita Facebook zviitiko zvemisangano, kugoverana hova dzinorarama dzehurukuro, uye kushandisa utachiona hunonetsa kukurudzira kubuda. Nhimberi yeObama muna 2008 ne2012 yakagadza tendekisi yokushandisa iyi michina yemichina, vachishandisa email nesocial rekushandira magate kuti vavake mubatanidzwa wezvirongwa zvekuzvirongwa zvekuzvirongwa zvekuzvirongwa zvekuvhotera unoratidza kuti uvandudze kukunda mumashoko ehondo.

Nguva Chaiyoiyo Inodzosera Kudya uye Kugadziridzwa

Zvirongwa zvinogona kuyera maitiro evanhu kumashoko, kushambadza, uye nharo munguva chaiyo nokuvimbisana, kuongorora pfungwa, uye A/B kuongorora. Izvi zvinobvumira kugadziridzwa kwokukurumidza kwemazano, kubva pakunetesa mashoko kusvika pakushambadzira chaiko. Somuenzaniso, panguva yekurukurirano, timu yomutambo ingaongorora kuti imhaka ipi inonzwika uye inopfuudzira kupfurikidza nokukwidziridzwa. Iri banga rinova munondo unovhara kaviri; rinogona kuita kuti makwikwi acho ave anogamuchirwa zvikuru asi anobatsirawo zvikuru, dzimwe nguva pakushatiswa kwenheyo dzehwaro.

Basa Revakupesvedzera uye Rokushandisa Madhigirii

Vanhu ava, avo vanowanzoita zvinhu zvakawanda zvinovavaraidza kana kuti mararamiro, vanogona kushandisa zvikuva zvavo kuti vatsigire zvinangwa zvematongerwe enyika, kuunganidza vatsigiri, uye kuumba hurukuro yavose.

Kupindira Kwechisimba Nemasangano Ane Utano

Madashtas akadai se , "# MeToo[FLT:], [[FLT]]# Sing SherName, na [[FLT]] [[FLT]],# Sangano rakachinja chinobudisa nhau dzenzanga kuti dzive nzvimbo yemasangano enzanga. Izvi zvinokurudzira kugoverana kwokukurumidza kwenhau dzomunhu oga nedzeboka, kazhinji kazhinji zvichitungamirira kumabasa anokosha kubatanidza kushora, kuchinja, uye kuzvidavirira kwesangano.

Vakuchidziri Sevadzoreri Vezvamatongerwe Enyika

Vatevedzeri, vangava vakakurumbira, nyeredzi dzeTik Tok, kana kuti vanhu veInstagram, vanogona kuvamba nhau dzezvamatongerwe enyika kuvateereri vangadzivisa nenzira yakati mashoko egamuchidzanwa. Mukati mesarudzo 2020 yeU.S., vakuchidziridzi vakadai saCharli D’Amelio naDavid Dobrik vakakurudzira mamirioni avateveri vaduku kuvhota uye kugovera mashoko pamusoro pemisi yokunyoresa. Zvisinei, kuvimba navakupesvedzera kungavawo nengozi: zviri mukati mezvamatongerwe enyika zvingava zviduku, zvinoshanda, kana kuti zvinotungamirirwa nesonganiro dzezvokutengeserana panzvimbo pepringio. Chino che “Rebaitstiodism"[1] Chinoumba chikurusarira pasina tsigiro chinopfuurira chepesvedzero yechiito chemudhingi.

Kushanda Pakombiyuta Kuchinjira Kubasa Rapanze Kwomutemo

Kupfuura jahtags, zvinobudisa nhau zvakagonesa zvishandiso zvokuronga nokuda kwokusapindira panzvimbo yapachivande nenhimbe. 2019 Hong Kong kuratidzira kwakapararira kushandiswa kweTelegram yemisikanzwa kutsinhiranisa, kugoverana kugadziridza kwenguva chaiyo, uye kunzvenga. Nenzira yakafanana, kurwisana neutsinye hwamapurisa muUnited States kwakashandisa Twitter neInstagram kuti zviite chiito ndokugoverana. Nepo paIndaneti yechiito haigoni kutsiva kuronga pasina kombiyuta, inobatira sechimbichimbichimbiso chakakomba uye amplifier nokuda kwokutsvaka kuoneka nokutora rutivi kukuru.

Kuchinja Kwemapepanhau Nematongerwe Enyika

Pane kusimudzira maonero akasiyana - siyana, zvikuva zvinowanzokurudzira vanhu kuti vabatane nevanhu vane mafungiro akafanana, zvichisimbisa zvitendero zviripo uye kubatana kukuru.

Makireji Nematombo Emasefa

Maarufabheti anorumbidza zviri mukati mezvakare zvakavakirwa patsika dzekare anogona kubata vashandisi mumakamuri anonaya +_FLT] umo vanosangana bedzi nemirangariro inowirirana. Mafleater transfred anotanga apo maatmagement anosarudzwa, anoparadzanisa vashandisi pamashoko anodenha kana kuti anopokanidza. Nhamba ya 2015 yakabudiswa mu Science yakawana kuti vashandisi veFacebook havangawanzova vanotaputikana kudarika zviri mukati, zvikurukuru pakati peavo vane mirangariro yakasimba. Nokufamba kwenguva, izvi zvinogona kuita kuti vashandisi vane mwero nokuwa kwavo nokuwedzera kunyanyisa zvimiro zvavo.

Kupindira Pakombiyuta Noutsinye

Kusazivana uye daro zvinoparirwa nesocial network zvinogona kuderedza kunyara, zvichiita kuti pave nokurwisana kwechisimba uye kwoutsinye.

Kurega Kubvumirana Pane Zvisina Kufanira

Kuwedzera kunoitwa nezvinobudisa nhau zvinotsigirwa nenzanga kungaderedza kuda kwevagari vomunyika kubvuma kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira kwezvematongerwe enyika, chinhu chehwaro hwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Apo vavhoti vanoratidzirwa nguva dzose kudenho dzokuvhozhokera nokusada kwevavengi, vanotanga kusada kupesana kwebato panzvimbo pokutsigira kwavo vamene. Uku simba kunoita kuti kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira kuratidzike sekunyengera, kuchiparira kubvumira wirirano yehurumende uye kuderera kwechivimbo chehurumende. Kunzvera 2020 neCato Institute kwakawana kuti vaAmerica vanozviita vazvibatanidza mutsika dzenzanga dzinowirirana netsikanoruzhinji vanopa zvokudya, izvo zvinobatanidza nokusawirirana nekusashivirira kwezvamatongerwe enyika kwakawedzerwa.

Nguva Yemberi Yezvinobudisa Nhau Muhurukuro Yehurumende

Ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu zvarunoramba ruchichinja, ukama huri pakati pezvinobudisa nhau nehurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu hucharamba hwakasimba uye huchipikisana.

Matanho Okutungamirira uye Kudzora

Hurumende munyika yose dziri kurangarira kana kuti kushandisa mirau inoda kuti ipedze miuyo yakaipa yenzanga pademokrasi. The European Union’s Digital Services Act (DSA) inoisa kuzvidavirira kwakakomba pazvikuva nokuda kwezviri mukati, kubatanidza mashoko asina kururama uye kutaura zvisiri pamutemo. Dzimwe nyika, dzakadai seAustralia neIndia, dzakatanga mitemo inoda zviteshi zvinoda kuti zvisarudze mitemo uye kubvisa mamwe marudzi ezviri mukati. Zvisinei, mutemo unofanira kudzikanisa kutaura kwakasununguka nokuderera, uye mitemo yakagadzirwa zvakashata inogona kusimbisa hurumende dzine chiremera kuti dzidzvinyirire hurukuro dzepamutemo. Nguva yemberi inobatanidza basa remitemo yenyika, nezvirongwa zvinogadziridza mitemo yadzo munzvimbo dzose.

Zvigadzirwa Zvinosanganisa Miti uye Zvigadzirwa

Kudzora kwezvikuva zvakatangwa kungadenhwa navatsva vanosimbisa kuva vakanaka, vakavanzika, kana kuti vanoshandisa. Mastodon, chisoci chesocial face sechinopa chimwe chinhu kumuenzaniso wapakati weTutter, nepo maplatifomu akafanana neChiratidzo anosimudzira kurukurirano yakavanzika inodzivisa kunzvera nokushandisa. Maclockchain angagona kugonesa kuzivikanwa kwakafanira nekwakajeka, kungaderedza kupararira kwediscrective. Panguva imwe cheteyo, kukwira kwouchenjeri hwokugadzira uye hwakadzika kunopa njodzi itsva, sezvo zvinobudisa mashoko zvekugadzirwa zvinova zvechokwadi zvikuru uye zvakaoma kunzwisisa.

Kudzidza Nezvinobudisa Mashoko uye Kubatsirana Kunoita Vachagona Kunyora

Pakupedzisira, utano hwehurukuro yedemocracy muzera resocial network hunotsamira pavagari vemo vanoshandisa izvi zvishandiso.Critical CD-LB. Kukwanisa kuyera manyuko emashoko, kuziva rusaruro, uye kuongorora maidi(zvinofanira kuva chinhu chikuru chedzidzo. Programu dzinodzidzisa kudzidza madhigirii ari kutoitwa munyika dzakadai seFinland neCanada, nemigumisiro inovimbisa. Kuvimbisana kunorevawo kuti vashandisi vatsvake mifungo yakasiyana, vabata kurukurirano inoremekedzeka, uye kudzivisa kukwezvikwezvwa kwesvo. Platformations anogona kutsigira izvi nokugadzira zvinhu zvinokurudzira kukurukurirana kwakanaka, zvakadai semabhatani ane mashoko akapoteredza uye manzwi.

mhedziso

Nhevedzano dzenzanga dzine nzvimbo yakaoma, isinganzwisisiki muhurukuro yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yazvino uno. Yakawedzera kusvika kumashoko ezvamatongerwe enyika, yakaita kuti pave namasangano ouswa, uye yakagonesa kufambidzana kwakananga pakati pavagari vemo navatungamiriri. Bva yakakurumidzisawo kupararira kwemashoko asina kururama, kukura, uye yakaita mhoteredzo dzine chepfu dzinosekesa kurangarira kwehurumende yeruzhinji. Muuyo unotsamira pazvinhu zvakawanda: magadzirirwo echikuva, mapuraneti, kunyora, kurava nokunyora, uye zvisarudzo zvamamirioni amamirioni avashandisi.

Sezvo nzanga dzinopfuurira kurwisana neizvi denho, ukoshi hwokufunga kwakakomba uye mutoro wakabatana hunova hwakajeka zvikuru. Nhepfenyuro dzenzanga hadzisati dziri dzomuzvarirwo dzoutongi hwehurumende yeruzhinji kana kuti hwechiito chavose; chishandiso chine tapuro inoumbwa nenzira yatinoishandisa nayo.Apo kunzwisiswa kwasimba kwahwo nemigariro mitsva, vagari vemo vanogona kushanda kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvinobudisa nhau zvinosimbisa panzvimbo pokusimbisa mirangariro yehurumende yavanhu yaanoda kubatira. Kunzverazve nekurukurirano yavose zvinoramba zviri madikanwa kufamba nomuiyi nzvimbo isina kutsarukana, asi nzira iri mberi inofanira kubatanidza zvose zviri zviviri kuvandudza ruzivo rwokuzviwanira uye musengwariro itsva kuzivikanwa, bvumirano yoruremekedzo.