Chii Chinoitika Apo Dare Rinoronga Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvikuru?

Congress inotarisira masangano ehurumende anomirira mumwe wemitoro mikurusa yeUnited States Congress, ichibatira senzvero yokunzvera pamusoro pesimba rehurumende uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti hurumende iyoyo inoshanda zvakanaka, nenzira yakajeka, uye mutsinhirano nomutemo. Iyi nzira inobatanidza kuongorora, uye kupesvedzera mibato yamasangano ehurumende kuva nechokwadi chokuti anowirirana nevavariro yemitemo uye inobatira fariro yavose. Kunzwisisa kuti dare redare rinoshanda sei, mashandiro aro akasiyana - siyana, uye kutapura kwaro chaikoiko pasi kunopa nzwisiso inokosha mugadziriro yeAmerica yechekero nechiyero.

Chii Chiri Kutarisirwa Nemisangano Yechechi?

Kutarisira Congress kunogona kurondedzerwa sehwirudzuro, kutarisirwa, uye kutarisirwa kwamasangano ehurumende, mapurogiramu, mabasa, uye kushandiswa kwemitemo. Iyi rondedzero inobatanidza mhatsa huru yemibato yemitemo uye haiganhuriri basa rokutarisira kuzvinangwa zvakati, zvinangwa, kana kuti gadziriro. Dare rinobata mukutarisira bazi ravakuru kupfurikidza nehwirudzuro, kuongorora, uye kutarisirwa kwokuitwa kwegadziriro yavose.

Ubati ushe isimba rinorehwa panzvimbo pesimba rinotaurwa muBumbiro reMitemo reU.S., sezvo harna kupa zvakajeka chibvumirano chiremera chokubvunza kana kuti kunzvera kwomutungamiriri, kuva nezvinyorwa kana kuti zvinhu zvakachengetwa nomukuru mukuru, kana kuti kupa zvitupa zviduku nokuda kwezvinyorwa kana kuti ufakazi hunobva kumukuru mukuru. Pasinei zvapo naikoku, kutarisira nechiremera chake chomubatiri zvakarangarirwa sesimba romuzvarirwo remagungano anomirira ayo aisimbisa mutemo wavose.

Chivako chouzivi nokuda kwoutariri igadziriro yeBumbiro reMitemo yokunzvera nedzikamo pakati pedare remitemo, mutungamiriri, uye mutongi. Iyi gadziriro inovimbisa kuti hakuna bazu rimwe rehurumende rinova nesimba zvikuru uye kuti bazi rimwe nerimwe rinogona kuita kuti vamwe vazvidavirire nokuda kwezviito zvavo.

Nheyo Yomunguva Yakatangira Kutarisira Kwemagungano

Kutarisira kwebazu guru kwave kuripo chifo chamazuva okutanga eUnited States Congress yakagadza idzi nzira dzokutarisira kupfurikidza nenzvero chaidzoidzo, kushuma zvinodikanwa, uye kushandiswa kwegadziriro yokutaura kuhwirudzura chiremera chavakuru vakuru. Mumazana amakore anopfuura maviri, iyi miitiro yokutarisira yakachinja ndokukura kuti isvitse kuoma kwehurumende yehurumende iri kukura.

Kutarisira kweCongress kwamasangano ehurumende rutivi runokosha rwegadziriro yomutemo, uye chibviro chokupera kwama 1700, kutarisirwa kwedare nokufeyafeya kwavandudza kuzvidavirira kwehurumende yehurumende uye kwakatungamirira kukuvandudza kukuru kwemitemo. Nhau iyi refu inoratidzira kuti utariri hahusi hahwo chishandiso chezvamatongerwe enyika chazvino uno asi panzvimbo pezvo rutivi rukuru rwenzira iyo hurumende yeAmerica inosarudzwa navanhu.

Ukoshi hwetarisiro hwakazivikanwa navazivi vezvamatongerwe enyika nenyanzvi munhau yose. John Stuart Mill, muzivi weBritain, akaomerera kuti tarisiro yakanga iri rutivi rukuru rwedare rine revo rinomirira: "Basa rakafanira resangano rinomirira nderokurinda nokudzora hurumende". Nenzira yakafanana, senyanzvi duku, Woodrow Wilson yakaenzaniswa nokuitwa kwomutemo, uko kwaiwanzorangarirwa sebasa gurusa rechirongwa, kunyora, "Kurega somutemo unongwarira kutarisirwa kwoutarisiri hwehurumende".

Gadziriro yeDare reCongress

Matare anobatira segadziriro huru yesangano kupfurikidza nayo Congress inotungamirira mitoro yayo yokutarisira, nedare rimwe nerimwe richiva zvikurukuru nechiremera pamasangano akati, mapurogiramu, kana kuti nharaunda dzemitemo.

Matare Akamira Nemabasa Awo Okutarisira

Matare akamira matare enguva dzose anoenderera mberi kubva paDare rimwe kusvikira kune rinotevera. Matare aya ane mitoro yakananga uye anoita kuti basa rakawanda reutarisiri hwesangano rive rinokosha zvikuru.

Komiti yeGuru reHurumende yeReformation neDare reHurumende reHurumende yeHurumende, iyo ine utarisiri painodokuva hurumende yose yehurumende, zvakatowedzerazve, inobvumirwa kuhwirudzura nokufunda kushanda kwemabasa ehurumende kuti ione mari yavo nokubudirira uye kuti ipe kurumbidza kwakavakirwa pamishumo yeGAO. Dare reImba paOversing and Government Reformation rine murairo mukuru. Basa raro nderokuvimbisa kubudirira, kubudirira, uye kuzvidavirira kwehurumende yehurumende nemasangano ayo ose, kugovera kunzvera uye dzikamo pabasa uye simba reWashington - uye inzwi kuvanhu vainobatira.

Sarudza Matare Anokosha

Mimwe yemibato yokutarisira inoziviswa zvikurusa inzvero dzisingawanzowaniki kupfurikidza nokusarudza matare kupinda muzvinonyadzisa zvikuru kana kuti mumabasa ebazu makuru yakashata, nemibvunzo yechinguvana yedare inobatanidza kuwana zvombo zvenyukireya zveChina muna 1999, Iran-Contra chinoitika chiduku muna 1987, sangano rouchenjeri rinobata zvisina kufanira muna 1975-1976, uye zvinonyadzisa zveWatergate. Nepo iyi nzvero dzapamusoro dzinowana ngwariro yavose, kuedza kunooneka zvikuru kwakadaro kunobatanidza kuunganidza zvombo zvenyukireya muna 1999, asi kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji kunoratidzira bedzi chikamu chiduku chenhamburiko yose yokutarisira yeDare reHurumende.

Masimba Edare Nezvaasingakwanisi Kuita

Mitezo inotakura vanhu neNhengo imwe neimwe (kupfuura zvigaro zvedare) haibvumirwi nemitemo yokutanga kutonga kwedare rapamutemo kana kuti kunzvera kana kuti kubudisa nhau dzemapurisa, zvisinei, Nhengo imwe neimwe ingatsvaka batira pamwe yokuzvidira yavakuru vakuru vesangano kana kuti vanhu voga ndokuita utarisiri hwayo imene, kunyange zvazvo iyi mibato ingava yakaoma zvikuru pasina masimba anogombedzera edare.

Nzira Neunyanzvi Hwokutarisira Misangano

Nhasi, kutarisira kwesangano kunogona kuitika munodokuva mumubato upi noupi wemitemo uye kupfurikidza nemhatsa huru yemikoto, masangano, uye zvivako, nemibato inovambira pakutonga kwedare kwakarongwa kusvikira kuonano yavakuru vakuru vehurumende; kubva pafundo dzavashandi kusvikira kuhwirudzuro dzokutsigira; uye kubva mukushanda kwenhau dzinoitiswa namahofisi eCombo kufundo dzinogadzirirwa namasangano akadai savamiriri navaongorori vakuru vakuru.

Kutongwa Nedare

Kutongwa kweCongress kunomirira chimwe chezvishandiso zvinooneka zvikuru uye zvine simba zvinowanika kuCongress. Mukati mokutonga, mitezo yedare inobvunza vakuru vakuru vesangano, nyanzvi dzenhau, uye zvimwe zvapupu zvinopika pamusoro pemibato yesangano, kuitwa kwemiitiro, uye kuwirirana nemitemo. Uku kunzwa kunobatira madonzo akawanda: zvinounganidza mashoko, zvinodzidzisa mitezo nevoruzhinji, zvinoisa nhevedzano, uye zvinoita kuti vakuru vakuru vakuru vazvidavirire nokuda kwezviito zvavo.

Minzwa inogona kuiswa mumarudzi anoverengeka, kubatanidza teerero dzinobvumidzwa idzo dzinonzvera mapurogiramu aripo uye kurangarira kana dzichifanira kupfuuridzirwa kana kuti kuchinjwa, kunzwika kwemishumo iyo inohwirudzura zvikumbiro zvemari yesangano nokushandisa, kunzwa kwokuongorora kunoitwa kwenhau dzakati kana kuti pomero dzechakaipa, uye kunzwa kwokutarisira kunoitisa hwirudzurowo zvadzo dzokuitwa kwesangano nokushanda.

Kuongorora Nezvipunu

Congress utariri hweCongregary nenzvero zvinogona kuva zvisakiso, zvikurukuru apo sangano rinodenhwa ($angava munhu oga, sangano, kana kuti sangano rebazu rapamusoro) rinopa mashoko ayo Congress anorangarira kuva ari madikanwa kukubvunza kwayo. Congress ine zvishandiso zvakati kuti zvainogona kuwana zvose zviri zviviri kuwana mashoko kupfurikidza nekurukurirano uye kumanikidza kuwirirana namadare.

Dare ringaedza kuita kuti mumwe munhu aikwikwidza mhosva nedare risingaremekedzi dare, kana kuti angatsvaka chisarudzo chedare chehurumende chinozivisa kuti munhu ari kubvunzwa ane musecountal asungirwe kuti aenderane nedare rehurumende rehurumende achishandisa mutemo wekurambidza kuputirwa kwepona.

Kuronga Kunoita Kuti Vade Kudzidza

Simba rechikwama rinomirira chimwe chezvishandiso zvinokosha zvikuru zveCongress. Mitezo yeCongress inogona kushandisa gadziriro yemari kuwiriranisa purogiramu nezvinotaurwa nemari pamari pamari yenyika yoga yoga yoita kuti zvibviswe pane zvinodiwa zvishoma. Kupfurikidza nepurogiramu dzinodavirwa, Dare rinogona kutusa masangano anobudirira nokuwedzera mari, kuranga shata neganhuriro, kana kuti kuisa migariro yakananga pamari inotengwa.

Congressonal Baccultural and Impoundment Control Act ya 1974, sezvo yakagadziridzwa, yakawedzera simba rebazu remitemo rokuumba bhajeti rehurumende, uye chiito chacho chakava nemiuyo mikuru yesangano negadziriro paDare kupfurikidza nokuumba masangano matsva matatu: Dare reDare reBhangi, Dare reMusha reBhautari, uye CBO.

Kutenderwa Nokupiwazve Simba

Zvikamu zvinopa mirayiridzo zvikamu zvemitemo izvo zvinotanga, zvinopfuurira, kana kuti zvinogadziridza sangano, gadziriro, kana kuti mubato pahwaro hwechigarire, hwegore negore, kana kuti hwegore rakawanda, uye matanho akadaro angava nezvinodzora zvemitemo muchimiro chenhungamiro dzakajeka, pamwe chete nokudzora kusingashandisi kunoitwa nematare. Muitiro wokunyorazve unopa Dare mikana yenguva dzose yokuongorora kushanda kwesangano, kugadziridza zviremera zvesangano, uye kuisa zvinodikanwa zvitsva kana kuti ganhuriro.

Kuongorora Purogiramu Nokuongorora Basa

Kunzvera kushanda kwepurogiramu kunoramba kuri mutoo unogadziridza wokutarisira, nepurogiramu yazvino uno yenzvero inoshandisa sayenzi yenzanga nemitoo yokutarisira zvinhu − yakadai senzvero, kunzvera kwendyiko dzemari, uye fundo dzinoshanda zvakanaka () kuyera kushanda kwepurogiramu inopfuurira, uye mashoko pamusoro pokuitwa kwepurogiramu angava anobetsera kuCongress sezvainoita zvisarudzo pamusoro pegadziriro dzehurumende nechitsama chemari chaachagamuchira.

Kushuma Zvinodikanwa

Zvinodikanwa izvi zvokushuma zvinoparira miitiro inopfuurira uye zvinogovera mashoko akarongwa pamusoro pemabasa esangano pasina kuda kunzvera kwokushingaira.

Chiito Chokuhwirudzura cheCongress

Congress Congregational Review Act (CRA) inopa Congress banza rokuhwirudzura uye zvimwe kusatendera mitemo, mune zvimwe zviitiko, isati yabudirira.

Hofisi Yokuzvidavirira yeHurumende: Chikamu cheCongress

United States General Accounting Office (GAO) isangano rakasununguka, reunyanzvi, risingaparati mubazu remitemo iro rinowanzonongedzerwa kwariri soruoko rwebvunzo rweCongress, uye Congress rakagadzira GAO muGaramendment neAccouncing ya1921 kubetsera mukubudiswa kwamasimba ayo makuru emitemo yapamutemo ---simba rokunzvera nokutarisira mibato yebazu rinotungamirira, simba rokudzora kushandiswa kwemari yehurumende, uye simba rokuita mitemo.

Hurumende yeReauncial Accounting Office (GAO) isangano rehurumende yeUnited States rinoshuma kuCongress nepepa rimene sezvizvimiriro nezvisingaparati, rakavambwa muna 1921 seGeneral Accounting Office uye kunzizve Office yeHurumende yeKuzvidavirira (GAO) muna 2004. Inozivikanwawo se "conranogation").

Mibato yeCoroe gayo

GAO inogovera mashoko akavakirwa paidi, asingapinyi kuCongress uye inowanzonzi "kutarira kwehurumende," sezvo GAO ichinzvera kudyika nokushanda kwehurumende. Inotsigira kutarisirwa kwesangano kupfurikidza: kunzvera mabasa esangano kuti aone kana mari yehurumende iri kushandiswa zvakanaka uye nenzira inobudirira; kunzvera kupomera kwemibato isiri yapamutemo neisiri pamutemo; kushuma pamusoro pokuti mapurogiramu ehurumende nemitemo zviri kuita sei zvinangwa zvazvo; kuita purogiramu nokuronga zvirongwa zvokurangarira kurongwa.

Maererano nemashoko eGO’s remazuva ano, sangano racho riripo kuti ritsigire Congress mukusvitsa mitoro yayo yepamutemo uye kuti ribatsire kuvandudza kuita kwacho uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti hurumende yehurumende inoita basa racho nokuda kwokubatsira vanhu vokuAmerica.

Kuzvibata Kwaiita GOO Basa Rayo

Basa reGO rinoitwa pachikumbiro chamatare esangano kana kuti mahofisi maduku kana kuti rinorairwa nemitemo yavose kana kuti mishumo yedare, uye rinoitawo nzvero muchiremera cheComptroller General. Ichi chivako chinovimbisa kuti basa reGO rinobatira zvakananga kutarisirwa kwesangano rinoda nepo richichengeta kuzvimirira mudzvinyiriro dzezvamatongerwe enyika.

Mumwe wemibato yeGAO kuongorora masangano ehurumende kuti agovere kuzvidavirira kunokosha nokujeka pamapurogiramu ehurumende, uyewo kugovera miitiro yakanakisisa. Vanoongorora GAO havangoiti maspereti emari chete, asiwo vanopinda mumhatsa yakafara yemitengo yebasa.

Kushanda uye ukoshi zvaGOO

NHAU yeGAO inhau yebudiriro yose zvayo, neavhareji yemari inokwana $123 pa $12 painoshandiswa pagore riri rose, uye sechinorinda Congress, GAO yakawana mazana emabhiriyoni emadhora mumari pamwe nemikana yokuderedza kutsiviwa nokusashandiswa zvakanaka kwemari. Kudzoka kunoshamisa pakutenga mari kunoratidza ukoshi hunoshanda hwokutarisira kwakarongwa.

MIshumo yeGAO inowanzosimbisa utera kana kuti kuperevedza mumapurogiramu esangano nezvirongwa, kubatanidza kubudirira (kana kuti kukundikana kuwana) kwenhamba dzakananga kana kuti zvinangwa zvakatangwa nokuda kwenzvero dzehurumende dzinogombedzerwa mupasi rose, uye sangano rimwe nerimwe kana kuti mishumo yehurumende ingazivisa tyisidziro, kusava nengozi, kana kuti mashoko anobetsera kuvatarisiri vegadziriro dzengozi dzesangano, vatungamiriri veIT, uye vashandi vemishumo yenhau.

Basa Rekutarisira Rokutarisira

Zvisarudzo zvemitemo yejoo zvinoyera zvisarudzo zvebazu ravakuru vakuru zvokushandisa pakukumbira Congress namasangano amene, pamwe chete nedanho reGAO, pamusoro penhau dzinovambira panhau duku dzokuzvidavirira kusvikira kunhau dzerevo huru yezvamatongerwe enyika. GAO inoita basa guru mukunzvera ndyiko yapurezidhendi, nezvisarudzo zvinoratidza kunzvera kukura uye kusasarura.

Vaongorori Mukuru: Mharadzi Dziri Kutarira Kunze

Basa rokutarisira reCongress rinowanzobatsirwa nokuongorora nokuongorora kwevamwe vakuru vakuru vanotarisira hurumende, kusanganisira vaongorori vakuru uye hofisi yeHurumende (GAO), ine mirayiro chaiyo inobva kuCongress kuti itaure nezvetsvina, kubiridzira, uye kudzvinyirira mumasangano.

Vanzveri vakuru vakuru vakazvimirira vanoiswa mumasangano ehurumende kuti vatungamirire kuongorora nokuongorora mapurogiramu esangano nemabasa.Congregationalian anotarisira magamuchidzanwa anobatanidza nhume dzemasimba kunyange zvazvo gadziriro yedare nokutsigirwa kwemasangano ehurumende nehofisi, kubatanidza Council of the Inspecter General on Heigher and Execzect (CIGIE), Office of Management and Bactation (OMB), Government Accostatation Office (GAO), Congresssionalication Research Service (CRS), uye Congregational General Reculcial Office (BO).

Kunyange zvazvo maIGs achichengetwa mukati memasangano ebazu makuru, zvinochengeta kuzvimirira kubva kuvatarisiri vesangano uye zvinoshuma kuvose vari vaviri vakuru vesangano neCongress. Iri sangano rinoshuma rinovimbisa kuti Dare rinogamuchira mashoko pamusoro pezvinetso zvesangano kunyange apo vatungamiriri vesangano vangada kuchengeta mashoko akadaro ari mukati maro. IGs mufambiro wokunzvera, nzvero, uye cherechedzo dzinozivisa kuti tsvina, kubatwa zvisina kufanira, uye kusatarisira zvakanaka, kupa Congress mashoko ane udzame pamusoro pemabasa esangano anobva mukati memurangariro.

Zvinangwa Nevavariro Zvokutarisira Kurongwa Kwemisangano

Kunzwisisa zvinangwa izvi kunobatsira kutsanangura kuti nei kutarisira kuchiri chinhu chinokosha zvikuru mugadziriro yehurumende yeAmerica.

Madonzo Esangano

Madonzo esangano anobatanidza kunzvera simba rebazu ravakuru, kunzvera kuti mutemo uri kupiwa sei, uye kuzivisa Congress nevoruzhinji, uye aya madonzo angafanira kududzwa nenzira chaiyo nemhaka yokuti anoshanda kudzivirira maruramiro esangano ndokusimbisa mano avanhu veAmerica okunzvera mibato yavakuru vakuru nezviito.

Vatsinhiri vazhinji, vanzveri vemiitiro yavose, uye vaiti vemitemo vanotaura kuti Purezidhendi navakuru vakuru vangafuratira kana kuti kuisa pfungwa zvisiri izvo donzo rokuronga.Ubati ushe hunogovera Congress gadziriro yokuva nechokwadi chokuti masangano anoshandisa mitemo seCongress yakarongedzerwa uye kururamisa apo masangano anotsauka pavavariro yomutemo.

Madonzo Ezvamatongerwe Enyika

Madonzo ezvamatongerwe enyika anobatanidza kuparira kuziviswa kwakanaka kwavaiti vemitemo, kuwina tsigiro yakasarudzwa kubva kuvarongi namapoka ari kunze, uye kutsoropodza mapurogiramu anoshuviwa kana kuti masangano, uye kutarisira kunoitika mumugariro wezvamatongerwe enyika uripo nguva dzose umo ukama hweDare namasangano anodzora hunogona kuvambira pakubatira pamwe kusvikira kurwisano. Uyezve, pane rwisano yepamutemo nedzezvamatongerwe enyika pakati peCongress naPrezidhendi kunyange mukati menhambo dzehurumende yakabatana.

Nepo vamwe vatsoropodzi vachiona vavariro dzezvematongerwe enyika dzokutarisira sedzine zvinetso, zvomenemene kurudziro dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzinogona kuvandudza utarisiri kupfurikidza nokukurudzira mitezo kunzvera nhau dzine chokuita nevayadziridzi uye kuzivisa zvinetso zvehurumende izvo zvingaramba zvakavanzwa.

Kuzvidavirira Nokuona Zvinhu Zvakajeka

Kutarisira kunosimudzira kuzvidavirira kupfurikidza nokuva nechokwadi chokuti vakuru vakuru vesangano vanoziva zviito zvavo zvichanzverwa uye kuti vangakumbirwa kutsanangura ndokururamisa zvisarudzo zvavo.uku kuzvidavirira kunotambanukira kuvakuru vakuru vamwe navamwe kumasangano ose namapurogiramu, kuchiparira sundo dzokutarisira kunobudirira uye kwapamutemo.

Kuona chitarisiko kunomirira chimwe chinangwa chinokosha choutariri. Nokuitisa kutongwa kwevanhu vose, kubudisa mishumo, uye kuda kuti masangano azivise mashoko, Dare rinobatsira kuti vanhu vokuAmerica vanzwisise kuti hurumende yavo inoshanda sei uye kuti mari inobhadhara mitero inopedzwa sei.

Kuvandudza Kushanda Kwehurumende

Kupfuura kuzvidavirira nokujeka, tarisiro yokuvandudza kushanda chaiko kwemasangano ehurumende nemapurogiramu.

Kutapura Nokuguma Kwoutariri Hwedare

Kunzwisisa kuti zvinhu izvi zvinobatsira sei kunoratidza kukosha kwemabasa okutarisira.

Chinjo Dzemitemo Nechinjo Dzinotenderwa

Kutarisira kazhinji kazhinji kunotungamirira kumutemo mutsva unokurukura zvinetso zvinoziviswa kupfurikidza nokunzvera nokunzwa. Apo utariri hunozivisa kuti mitemo iripo haikwani, hainzwisisiki, kana kuti inonzvenga, Congress inogona kupfuudza mutemo mutsva kuti ivande, vajekese zvinodikanwa, kana kuti vatange zvirongwa zvitsva. iyi chinjo dzemitemo dzinomirira imwe yenzira dzakananga zvikurusa idzo tarisiro inoshandura kuva mubato wakavandudzwa wehurumende.

Somuenzaniso, mu1980 Congress yakaisa padivi chisarudzo cheNzvimbo dzinodzivirira njodzi dzeU.S. chinoshandisa mitemo ine udzame kuti iganhurire kuisa utongi hweEPA. Ikoku kunoratidzira kuti utariri hunogona sei kutungamirira kuzvinodikanwa zvakananga zvemitemo izvo zvinodzvinyirira chisarudzo chesangano uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti kuwirirana kwapedyo nevavariro yesangano.

Kuwedzera Kuona Zviri Nani uye Kuziva Vanhu

Kunzwa kwakakomba uye kuongorora zvinopa ngwariro yavose kumabasa ehurumende angaramba asina kujeka. Nokubvunza vakuru vakuru munzvimbo dzavose uye kubudisa mishumo ine udzame, Dare rinodzidzisa vanhu pamusoro penzira iyo hurumende inoshanda nayo uye zvinetso zviripo. Uku kujeka kunogonesa kukurukurirana kwavanhu vane ruzivo rwakawanda uye kunobetsera vagari vemo kunzwisisa kuti mari yavo yemitero iri kupedzwa sei.

Kufukunyudzwa kwemibato yokutarisira yepamusoro kunojekesa uyu muuyo wokuoneka, kuchiunza kushanda kwehurumende mumurangariro wavose uye kuchiparira dzvinyiriro yokuchinja. Kunyange apo utariri husingatungamiriri kumisi chinjo dzemitemo dzapakarepo, ngwariro yavose yahunoita inogona kusunda masangano kuvandudza basa rawo nokuzvidira.

Kubudirira Kweagency

Zivo yokuti Congress iri kutarira inoparira zvisundo zvinopfuurira kuti masangano ashande zvakanaka uye nenzira inobudirira. Vakuru vakuru vemitemo vanonzwisisa kuti kusaita zvakanaka, kupambadza, kana kuti kuputsa pamutemo kungaguma nokunzwa kunonyadzisa, kucheka mabhajeti, kana kuti ganhuriro itsva. Uku kutarira kunoitwa namasangano kuchaita kudzivisa kuongororwa kwemibatanidzwa.

Masangano akawanda anoshandisa GAO nokuzvidira mashoko anorumbidza kunyange pasina kurayirwa nesangano, achiziva kuti mashoko acho anoreva miitiro yakanakisisa uye kuti kushandisa kungabatsira kudzivisa zvinetso zvekutarisira munguva yemberi.

Kuwana Nokururamisa Unhu Hwakaipa

Kuongorora uku kunogona kutungamirira kukukwirira mhosva, kuendesa vamiririri vane mutoro, uye kuwanazve mari yokutadza.

Kutyisidzira kwokutarisira kunokurudzirawo masangano kutanga kudzora kwomuviri kwakasimba uye mapurogiramu okuteerera.Masangano anoisa mari mumahofisi makuru, mapurogiramu etsika, uye mabasa okuongorora mukati nemhaka yokuti anoziva kuti Congress anokarira dziviriro dzakadaro uye achanzvera masangano anodzishaiwa.

Gadziriro Dzemari Nekukarakadzira

Kutarisira kunopesvedzera zvakananga zvisarudzo zvokuronga. Apo tarisiro inozivisa kuti sangano riri kuita zvakanaka ndokuita basa raro, Congress ingaritusa nemari yakawedzerwa.

Masangano haagoni kungofuratira zvinonetsa kubatanidzwa kana zvinhu izvozvo zvichizochinja kuva kuganhurirwa kwemari kana kuti kurambidzwa kudiwa kwemari kungashandiswa.

Zvinetso uye Kuganhurirwa Kwoutarisiri Hweungano

Kunzwisisa kuti pane zvazvisingakwanisi kuita kunoita kuti tinyatsonzwisisa kuti tarisiro inoshanda sei, pasinei nokuti inobatsira sei uye kuti inoshanda sei.

Mazano Okushandisa Mari

Dare rine mari yakaganhurirwa yokupa mibato yokutarisira. Nemitezo 535, matare akawanda, uye zviuru zvemitezo yavashandi, Congress inofanira kutungamirira hurumende yehurumende yehurumende inoshandisa mamirioni avanhu, inopedza mamirioni amadhora gore negore, uye inoshandisa zviuru zvepurogiramu mumazana amasangano. Uku kusadzikama kwezviwanikwa kunoreva kuti Congress inogona bedzi kunzvera chikamu chiduku chemibato yehurumende panguva ipi neipi yakapiwa.

Nguva yapfuura apo bhajeti yeGAO yakanga iri inodokusvika mamirioni $551 payaiva FY 2003, apo sangano racho rakanga rine vashandi 3 269 nemari yose yehurumende yakanga isingasviki mabhiriyoni Z $2, asi nhasi vashandi 3 560 vanoshanda nokutarisira kuvimbika kwemari kwemari inopfuura madhora ane mabhiriyoni 7 mubhadharo, wedzero yemari yemari yemari yemari yemari yemari mumari inofambiswa basa reanenge mabhiriyoni US $4 (Z $166) uye inopfuura nekapeta kaviri mamirioni 6 000 (Z $16 000 000 000) pamushandi mumwe muFY 2003. Ikoku kunoratidzira kuti zvishandi zvokutarisira hazvina kuramba sei zvichifambira mberi nokukura kwehurumende.

Nhengo dzedare, dzinoita basa rakawanda rokutarisira rine udzame, dzinofanira kutanga unyanzvi mumativi ose akaoma emitemo nepo dzichibatawo kurongwa kwemitemo, mabasa adzinoshandira, uye mabasa ezvematongerwe enyika. Iyi ngwariro yakakamukana inogona kuganhurira ukuru uye kupfuuridzirwa kwenhamburiko dzokutarisira.

Kusabvumirana Kwezvamatongerwe Enyika Nokuparadzana

Kupesana kwezvikamu zvose zviri zviviri kunogona kusunda nokusekesa utarisiri. Kune rumwe rutivi, boka rinoshora rine kurudziro dzakasimba dzokunzvera masangano ehurumende nepurogiramu, zvichibvira kufumura zvinetso izvo boka guru ringada kufuratira. Ukuwo, kunyanyisa kwekuparadza kunogona kutungamirira kuutariri hunonangidzira zvikuru pamapfundo ezvamatongerwe enyika kupfuura pakuvandudza zvapachokwadi basa rehurumende.

Apo boka rimwe chetero rinodzora zvose zviri zviviri Congress noupurezidhendi, kutarisira kwamasangano anotungamirira kungava kunodenha zvishoma, sezvo voruzhinji vesangano vangazengurira kunyadzisa kana kuti kumanikidza utarisiri hunotungamirirwa nebato ravo vamene.

Makore anoverengeka apfuura ave ari nhambo ine simba nokuda kwemitemo nemiitiro yokutarisira musangano unodzora, sezvo Congress yakaita nzvero dzakasiyana - siyana dzakaita kuti vaparidzi vape ngwariro huru, uye zvose zviri zviviri bazu guru neCongress zvakatanga zvishandiso zvitsva nezvibvumikiso zvapamutemo zvokukwikwidza nharo dzokutarisira, nepo matare akapindura mimwe mibvunzo pamusoro poukuru hwesimba rokutarisira nepo vamwe vasina kupedzwa.

Kudzivisa kweAgency Neropafadzo Yokutungamirira

Masangano anosarudzwa angaedza nzira dzinoverengeka dzokudzivisa kuziviswa nadzo, dzakadai sokutaura kuti mashoko acho haagoni kuziviswa nemhaka yomutemo wakananga, mutemo, kana kuti chisarudzo chokutarisira.

Apo Purezidhendi anotaura kuti ane ropafadzo yepamusoro penhau kana kuti uchapupu, Dare rinotarisana nezvisarudzo zvakaoma pamusoro pokubvuma kutaura kwacho, kutaurirana, kana kuti kuomerera pakurambidza kuiswa kwemitemo mumatare. Kupa chirevo pamusoro peropafadzo yevakuru vakuru kunogona kutora makore kuti chisarudzwe, panguva iyo mashoko anenge atsvakwa angava asina basa kana kuti nguva yezvamatongerwe enyika ingave yapfuura.

Kunyange kana Congress iine chiremera chepamutemo chokuwana mashoko, kutarisirwa kwemitemo kunogona kuva kwakaoma.Kupomera mhosva kwematsotsi kunoda kuti pave nebatira pamwe kunobva kuDhipatimendi Remitemo, iro riri rutivi rwebazu rinotungamirira uye ringazengurira kupomera vakuru vakuru vebazu nemhaka yokuramba kuwirirana nedare rehurumende.

Kudya Nhoko dzemashoko

Masangano ane mashoko akawanda zvikuru pamusoro pezvinoitwa zvawo kupfuura angambogona kukarira kuwana. Vakuru vakuru veAgency vanoshanda nguva yakazara pamapurogiramu akati uye vanokudziridza unyanzvi hwakadzama munharaunda dzavo, nepo vashandi vomusangano vanofanira kuparadzanisa ngwariro yavo mudzimwe nhau dzakawanda ndokuvimba zvikuru namashoko anopiwa namasangano amene. aya mashoko anoreva kuti masangano anogona pane dzimwe nguva kuvanza zvinetso kana kuti kupa mashoko anotsausa pasina Congress anokwanisa kuziva kunyengera kwacho.

Zvirongwa zvakawanda zvehurumende zvinobatanidza zivo chaiyo zvikuru munharaunda dzakadai sezvombo zvenyukireya, kudzora kwemari, kana kuti utano hwevanhu.

Kuunganidza Zvinhu Zvokutanga

Mitezo yeCongress inotarisana nezvinodikanwa zvakawanda panguva yavo nengwariro. Kuwedzera kuutariri, vanofanira kupinda mubasa remitemo, mabasa anogovera, kutsigira, uye kutsigira kusarudzwazve. Zvigaro zvedare zvinofanira kusarudza nzira yokugovera nayo nguva yakaganhurirwa yokunzwa navashandi pakati poutariri, mutemo, nemimwe mibato. izvi zvinokwikwidzana zvinoreva kuti utariri hunowanzowana ngwariro shoma kupfuura yahwakafanirwa, zvikurukuru nokuda kwenhau dzenguva dzose dzisingabudisi misoro kana kuti betsero dzezvamatongerwe enyika.

Sarudzo yevhiringi inotapurawo kutungamirira. Mitezo inganangidzira ngwariro zvikuru pautariri hunoparira kuziviswa kwakanaka kana kuti inobatira fariro dzayo dzokusarudza panzvimbo pokuhwirudzura nenzira yegadziriro yebasa resangano. Basa rokutarisira rinokosha asi rine simba ringaregeredzwa nokuda kwenzvero dzakakwirira dzinokwezva ngwariro yezvinobudisa nhau.

Kuganhurirwa Kwoutarisiri Hunobudirira

Dzimwe nyanzvi dzakapanikira kushanda kwoutariri hwesangano mukuvimbisa kuita kwehurumende uye kuwirirana nomutemo. Kunyange apo utariri hunozivisa zvinetso uye hunorumbidza zvigadzikiso, kushanda kunotsamira pabatira pamwe yesangano, kutaurirana, uye pane dzimwe nguva mutemo mutsva. Masangano angawirirana nerumbidzo dzetarisiro achiwana nzira dzokupfuuridzira nadzo miitiro inonetsa. Teverera kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvinetso zvinoruramiswa zvomenemenemene kunoda mibato yokuwedzera nengwariro inopfuuridzirwa iyo Dare ringasakwanisa kugovera.

Kubudirira Kwemazuva Ano uye Kuedza Kuitwa Kwemazuva Ano

Makore achangopfuura, pakava nezvirongwa zvakasiyana - siyana uye matanho aishandiswa pakusimbisa kutarisira musangano.

Zvikarakadzo Zvemahofisi Matsva Okutarisira

Mitezo yeCongress yakakumbira GAO kunzvera zvisarudzo zvokuwedzera kutarisira kweCongress kwokuita mitemo yesangano, uye mumushumo wayo, GAO yakanzvera kana Congress inofanira kutanga mahofisi maviri asiri apapatiti ayo aizoita kuti vaiti vemitemo vemubatanidzwa wezuva rino vatarisire murairo: Congregation Office of Regaliation Review uye A Congregational Office of Legal Councingle.

Office yeCongregationalal Congregation of Regural Review ingagona kuitisa hwirudzuro dzapanhambo nenhambo dzemitemo, somuenzaniso, kuyera kuwirirana nemipimo yeindasitiri, uye kupa unyanzvi hwayo hwokuyamura mukutarisira madare esangano ehurumende, uye yaizo "wedzera nzvero pamubato wemitezo yehurumende," GAO inotsanangura. Zvisinei, kutanga nzvimbo itsva yokuita nzvero pamirau inokarakadzwa, somuenzaniso, ingagona kubatanidza ndyiko dzakawedzerwa nokuda kwemibato yokuwedzera uye inobvira yeminamato yesangano iripo.

Dare reCongregational Office of Legal Council ringagona kupa zano repamutemo kupfurikidza nemirangariro yapamutemo, uye kungofanana neCongregational Office of Regatorial Review yaizobatira senhungamiro kuOIRA, Dare reCongregational Office of Legal Council raizova neajekiseni raro rinotungamirira panhau dzakaoma dzemitemo nedzomutemo wehurumende.

Kutarisira Kunowedzerwa Kwemitemo

Dare raizofanira kuyera kugadzirwa kwemitemo kwakasiana - siana kudai raizogamuchira chipi nechipi cheidzi chisarudzo, uye nepo zvisarudzo zvose zvingagona kuvandudza utariri hwesangano, zvimwe zvisarudzo, zvakadai sokuda masangano kuitisa kumwe kunzvera, zvingawedzera kuoma kana kuti nguva kumuitiro wokuita mitemo uripo. Denho iri mukusimbisa tarisiro pasina kugadzira mitoro yakanyanyisa inodzora iri madikanwa.

Ruzivo Nekuongorora Kunoita Matai

Unyanzvi hwazvino uno hunopa mikana mitsva yokutarisira. Kuziva kurapa kunogona kubetsera kuziva nzira dzetsvina, kubiridzira, kana kuti kusakwanisa kudarika mapepa makuru. Maturusi emagetsi anogona kuita kuti mashoko ehurumende awanike zvikuru kuvashandi vemibatanidzwa yesangano nevoruzhinji. Zvisinei, kushandisa idzi mhinduro dzeruzivo rwemichina kunoda bhizimisi uye unyanzvi izvo Congress angarwisa kugovera mitengo yakapiwa.

Basa Routarisiri Munzvimbo Dzakajeka Dzemiitiro

Kutarisira kunoshanda zvakasiyana - siyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana - siyana, nzvimbo imwe neimwe ichipa zvinetso nemikana zvakasiyana.

Kuchengeteka Kwenyika Yose Noungwaru

Kutarisirwa kwekuchengeteka kwenyika uye masangano akangwara kunopa denho chaidzo nemhaka yokuronga zvinodiwa uye kudikanwa kwokudzivirira mashoko anokurumidza kuzivikanwa. matare edare anofunga anotungamirira zvakawanda mumarusando akavharwa, achiganhurira kuoneka kwavanhu apo achiedza kuchengeta kuzvidavirira. Kudzikamisa zvinodikanwa zvechengeteko nezvinodikanwa zvokutarisira kunoramba kuri chinetso chinopfuurira munzvimbo ino.

Gadziriro Yemari Nezvemari

Masangano ezvemari anotarisira misika nemasangano akaoma kunzwisisa, achida kuti vashandi vesangano vatange kunzwisisa mashandiro emari akaoma.Utungamiriri munzvimbo iyi hunowanzonyanya kusimbisa kana masangano achidzivirira zvakakwana vatengi uye achichengetedza kugadzikana mune zvemari asi achidzivisa mitoro yakanyanyisa pamabasa ezvemari.

Zvakatipoteredza uye Zvinhu Zvakasikwa Zvakasikwa

Kutarisira mhoteredzo kunosanganisira kuongorora kuti masangano anoshandisa sei mitemo yezvakatipoteredza, anotarisira nyika dzavose, uye kugadzirisa nhau dzakadai sokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze uye kusvibiswa kwemhepo.

Utano Nemabasa Avanhu

Kutarisira utano uye mabasa evanhu kunosanganisira kuongorora zvirongwa zvinobatsira mamiriyoni evanhu vokuAmerica, kusanganisira Medicare, Medicaid, uye zvoutano hwevanhu.

Miitiro Yakanakisisa Nezvinokurudzirwa Kuti Utarisire Zvinobudirira

Kuchivakirwa pamakumi amakore oruzivo rwokuzviwanira, mimwe miitiro yakavamba seinobudirira zvikuru nokuda kwokutarisira kwourongwa.

Ngwariro Yakatsigirwa Neyakarongwa

Kutarisira kunobudirira zvikurusa kunobatanidza ngwariro inotsigirwa kukuitwa kwesangano nokufamba kwenguva panzvimbo pokunzvera kwenhambo nenhambo mukupindura njodzi.

Kushandira Pamwe Kwebipartisa

Kuongorora kweBharpitan kunoita kuti pave nokuvimbwa uye kunowanzoita kuti pave nokuchinja kunokosha. Kana vose vachibvuma kuti pane chinetso uye kuti chinofanira kukurukurwa, masangano haana mukana wokuramba kutarisira sekwakakurudzirwa nezvamatongerwe enyika.

Tsigiro Dzinorema

Dare rinofanira kushandisa zvizere GOO, CBO, CRS, uye vaongorori kuti vawedzere basa raro rimene. Masangano aya anogovera unyanzvi, kupfuurira, uye pfuma izvo matare esangano haagoni kuwirirana nazvo amene. Kukumbira nokuongorora kubva kumasangano aya kunobvumira kuti Congress aite utarisiri hwakakwana nounyanzvi.

Kutevera Zvinokurudzirwa

Kutarisira kunobudirira kunobatanidza kutevera kuva nechokwadi chokuti masangano anoshandisa chinjo dzinorumbidzwa uye kuti zvinetso zvinoruramiswa chaizvoizvo. Uku kutarisira kunotevera kunoratidza kuti Dare rakakomba pamusoro pokuchinja uye rinoparira kuzvidavirira kwokushanda.

Kudzikamisa Utarisiri Nemimwe Mitoro

Dare rinofanira kudzikamisa kutarisira nemitemo yaro, mumiririri, uye mimwe mitoro yebumbiro remitemo. Utariri hunofanira kuzivisa nokutsigira mutemo panzvimbo pokubatira somutsivi waro. Apo utariri hunozivisa kudikanwa kwemitemo mitsva kana kuti chinjo dzemitemo, Dare rinofanira kupfuurira nomutemo wakafanira.

Nguva Yemberi Yokutarisirwa Nemagungano

Sezvo hurumende inopfuurira kuchinja ndokutarisana nedenho itsva, tarisiro yesangano inofanira kuchinjira kuti irambe ichishanda.

Kugadzirisa Zvinetso Zvatinosangana Nazvo

GAO yakaderedzwa ingadzivisa vaiti vemitemo mubasa ravo kubvisa tsvina, kutsiva mukunyengera vakuru, uye kushandisa simba ravo guru rebumbiro remitemo: kudzora chikwama.Congress inofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti masangano anotarisira akadai seGAO anogamuchira midziyo yakakwana kuita mabasa awo. Kuchekererwa kwaizoderedza basa reCongress ndokurega tsvina, utsotsi, uye kupambadza, kuchiguma nokupambadza mari ingagona kukunda zvikuru mari yakawanwa nokukurumidza ipi neipi gadziriro yazvino ingaitwa.

Kuchinjira Kuchinjo Yesayenzi

Sezvo hurumende inoramba ichiwedzera kuvimba noruzivo rwekugadzira zvinhu, unyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu, uye makombiyuta, kutarisira kunofanira kutanga unyanzvi hwokunzwisisa nokuongorora zvinhu izvi.

Kuramba Ndisingaparadziri

GAO inoita basa rinokosha nokuda kweCongress, ichipa mashoko nenzira isiri yechechi uye yokuzvimirira.

Kusimbisa Michina

Izvi zvingasanganisira kujekesa zviremera zvepamutemo, kutanga nzira itsva dzokuita kuti mutemo utevedzerwe, kana kuti kuwana nzira dzokugadzirisa kusawirirana kwedare.

Kupedzisa: Kukosha Kusingaperi Kwoutarisiri

Kutungamirira kweCongress kwemasangano ehurumende kunomirira rutivi rukuru rwehurumende yeAmerica inosarudzwa navanhu uye gadziriro yebumbiro remitemo yechekero nedzikamo.

Kunyange zvazvo kutarisira kuchitarisana nezvinetso zvinokosha, kusanganisira zviwanikwa zvishoma, kusawirirana mune zvematongerwo enyika, kurwisana nemasangano, uye kukwikwidzana kwezvinokosha kunoramba kuchibereka migumisiro inokosha. Kutarisira kunotungamirira kuchinjo dzemitemo, basa resangano rakavandudzwa, kuonekwa kwematsotsi uye kurasa, uye kuwedzera kuzivikanwa kwemasangano anotsigira mabasa ehurumende. Basa rokutsigira rakadai seGO rinoratidza kuti kutarisira kwakarongwa kunogona kuita kuti pave nemari yakawanda nokuziva uye kusimudzira kubudirira.

Kubudirira kwetarisiro kunotsamira pakuzvipira kwakasimba kunobva kuCongress, zvinhu zvakakwana nokuda kwemabasa okutarisira, kushandira pamwe kwebipartisa kana zvichibvira, uye kuda kutevedzera kurumbidzwa nokuchinja zvinhu. Hurumende painokura uye painotarisana nezvinetso zvitsva, kutarisira kunofanira kuramba kuchichinja uye kuchichinja nokuchengeta basa rakwo guru rokuva nechokwadi chokuzvidavirira, kubudirira, uye kubvumirwa nomutemo.

Kupfurikidza nokupa ngwariro kumibato yokutarisira yehurumende, kutsigira kwehurumende kunoitwa namasangano uye kutsigira kuzvidavirira kwehurumende.

Nokuda kwamashoko akawanda pamusoro poutariri hwesangano, shanyira pawebsite ye yeIndaneti.gov , inogovera kusvika kukutonga kwedare, mishumo, uye magwaro ewirirano. Dare reProvice Authority Office inopa mishumo neuchapupu pamusoro pemisoro mizhinji yetarisiro. [[FLT:] Komiti yeImba yeImba paOversation and Government Reformation[FLD:] namatare edare anowirirana anogovera mashoko pamusoro pemibato inofambira nenzvero.