Table of Contents

Chibvumirano cheCopic chinomirira chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvikurusa zvehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu ine utano hwakanaka, zvikurukuru mukati mesarudzo dzapurezidhendi apo njodzi dzinenge dzakakwirira zvikurusa uye simba gurusa. Apo vagari vemo vanotora rutivi nokushingaira mumuitiro wezvematongerwe enyika, havasati vachingoumba bedzi vhoti yezvokusarudza zvomunguva yemberi zvorudzi rwavo, vanopesvedzera zvisarudzo zvemitemo zvinodenha, uye vanova nechokwadi chokuti hurumende inoramba ichizvidavirira kuvanhu. Kunzwisisa chikonzero nei nhau dzehurumende mukusarudza dare dzichidikanwa nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anoda kuona utongi hunosarudzwa navanhu zvichibudirira.

Kunzwisisa Kubatanidzwa Kwechikwata Mundima Yacho

Kuvimbisana kwebic kunobatanidza zvinopfuura kungoratidza bedzi panzvero pazuva rekuvhota. Kunoreva kushanda kuita musiano muupenyu hwomunzanga yedu nokukudziridza mubatanidzwa wezivo, unyanzvi, mipimo, uye sundo kuita musiano iwoyo kupfurikidza nezvose zviri zviviri zvezvamatongerwe enyika nezvisiri zvamatongerwe enyika. Mumamiriro ezvinhu asarudzo yapurezidhendi, uku kuvimbisa kunoda zvimiro zvakawanda (8) kubva pakuvhota nokunzvera kuzvipira nokuda kwemabhizimisi, kupinda misangano yezvamatongerwe enyika, uye kupinda mukurukurirano dzine revo pamusoro penhau dzine revomhindu hurusarudzo dzenzanga yenyu.

Kuvhiya imwero wokutora rutivi kwenzanga uko vanhu vazhinji vanodavira kuti kwakanakisisa kunoratidzira utano hwegadziriro yokuvhota. Kunyange zvakadaro pasinei zvapo noukoshi hwayo, mwero yokutora rutivi muUnited States yakarevererwa mune dzimwe hurumende dzinosarudzwa navanhu dzakakwirira. Muna 2024, inenge 64% yavavhoti vakakodzera yakakanda chivhoti, mumwe wemwero yakakwirira zvikurusa mumakumi amakore achangobva kupfuura aya, bva kuchiri bedzi zvinenge zvikamu zviviri nezvitatu zvenyika zvakabatanidzwa uye mwero yakaderera zvikuru kunze kwesarudzo dzapurezidhendi.

Kurumbidza chinhu chine simba munzanga ipi neipi inosarudzwa nevanhu, chiri sehwaro hwokuvimbisana kwevagari vemo uye nzira iyo vagari vemo vanoratidza nayo kuda kwavo kwakabatana, (hwunopfuura kungova kodzero yavo chete; ibasa rinotsigira nheyo huru dzehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu uye rinoumba nyika yatiri kurarama mairi, richiratidza kukosha kwokuenzana, kumiririra, uye kuzvidavirira mukutonga kwedu.

Kubatsira Kukuru Kunoita Kubatanidzwa Kwechibvumirano Pazvisarudzo Zvokuva Mutungamiriri Wehurumende

Kukurudzira Hurumende Inomiririra

Apo vagari vemo vanopinda nokushingaira mukusarudza kwapurezidhendi, vanobetsera kuvamba hurumende inoratidzira zvirokwazvo mhatsa yemifungo, mipimo, uye zvokutanga mukati menzanga. Kuzivisa chinhu chinokosha kukuva nechokwadi chokuti hurumende inoratidzira zvishuvo zvavanhu nezvinokosha, uye apo vagari vemo vanovhota, vanobetsera kuhurumende inomirira nenzira yakanakisisa mhatsa yemirangariro nemipimo mukati menzanga. Iyi nhau nemhaka yokuti zvisarudzo zvapurezidhendi zvinotapura chinhu chiri chose kubva kuzvoutano nedzidzo kuenda kumuitiro wemamiriro okunze ezvemari, mirariro yemari, uye zvigadziko zvenzanga.

Simba rokumiririra rinotonyanya kuoma kana uchifunga nezvenzanga dzakaderedzwa munhau. Kutumira mashoko kunokosha nokuti kunoita kuti nzanga dzakaderedzwa dzive nenzwi rakasiyana - siyana, kusanganisira mapoka emadzinza maduku, vakadzi, uye vagari vemo vakaderera, vakatarisana nemipingamupinyi yokuvhota, uye nhasi, nepo mikana yakawanda yeidzi dzakaderedzwa, zvichiripo, asi kuvhota kunosimbisa nzanga idzi kuti dzirwise mitemo nevatungamiriri vanonzwisisa kurwisana kwadzo uye vanogona kutsigira kusarura.

Kusimudzira Kuzvidavirira kweHurumende Nokuona Zvinhu Nazvo

Chimwe chezvinhu zvine simba zvikuru zvokubatanidzwa kwehurumende mukusarudza sarudzo yapurezidhendi ibasa rayo rokuita kuti vakuru vakuru vasarudzwe nokuda kwezviito zvavo nezvipikirwa. Kukumbira kunokosha pakuita kuti vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa vazvidavirire (hwunosarudzwa), vagari vemo vane simba rokuchengeta kana kuti kubvisa vatungamiriri vakavakirwa pamashandiro avo uye pakuzvitsaurira kwavo pabasa ravo rinoitirwa vanhu vose, vachiumba gadziriro yokuongorora uye yokudzikamisa uko vakuru vakuru vanokurudzirwa kuita zvipikirwa zvavo uye kutarisira zvinodiwa nenzanga.

Apo muvhoti anenge achitora rutivi zvikuru, kunopa zviratidzo kuvezvematongerwe enyika kuti vanhu vanongwarira uye vanovimbisa, vachikurudzira kujeka kukuru nokugamuchira muhurumende. iyi gadziriro yokuzvidavirira inovimbisa kuti purezidhendi navatarisiri vavo vanoramba vakanangidzirwa pakubatira fariro chaiyo yavose panzvimbo pefariro dzakaganhurirwa kana kuti zvirongwa zvokusasarura.

Muvhoti mukuru anopa vamiriri vakasarudzwa nehurumende pamutemo zvikuru, uye apo vavhoti havashandisi murairo wavo, kupfurikidza nokusasarudza vanobvumira vamwe kuvaitira zvisarudzo. Iyi nheyo inoshanda nesimba gurusa kusarudzo dzapurezidhendi, apo mukundi anoraira kutungamirira rudzi rwose.

Kusimbisa Masangano Anosarudzwa Nehurumende

Democracy inotsamira pakutora rutivi kwevagari vemo (8) apo vagari vemo vanenge vavimbisana, vanogona kutaurirana, kuisa mukuwana zvigadzikiso, uye kushandisa hurukuro yakabudirira kupedza nhau dzakatarisana nenzanga dzavo, idzo dzinosimbisa hurumende yedu inosarudzwa navanhu kupfurikidza nokupa vanhu chirevo muzvinoitika munzanga dzavo. Sarudzo yapurezidhendi inobatira somuedzo wokupedzisira weaya masangano ehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, inoda kuti vagari vemo vabatane pamwe chete kuti vasarudze misiyano yeboka pamusoro poutungamiriri hwenyika.

Chivimbo muzvisarudzo chinobuda sechinhu chinokosha mukutora rutivi kwezvamatongerwe enyika, kuchisimbisa kudikanwa kwokusimudzira chivimbo mumuitiro wokusarudza kusimudzira kuvimbisana kukuru kwenzanga, hwaro hwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu inobudirira. Apo vagari vanotora rutivi nokushingaira musarudzo dzapurezidhendi, vanosimbisa kuva pamutemo kwemiitiro yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu uye vanobetsera kuvaka ushingi mukurwisana netyisidziro kumipimo yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu.

Hurumende Yazvino yeCivic Yokubatanidzwa Muchisarudzo chaPrezidhendi

Vechiduku Vari Kusangana Nezvinetso

Chimwe cheitiro hanya hurusa musarudzo yapanguva imwe cheteyo yapurezidhendi mukaha unopfuurira mukutora rutivi pakati pavavhoti vaduku navakura. Pakati pehurumende dzinosarudzwa navanhu dzakakwirira, United States ine mukaha wezera wakakwirira zvikurusa mumuvhoti (somuenzaniso, muvhoti yapurezidhendi ya2020), muvhoti pakati pavanhu vaduku, vane makore 18 kusvikira ku 24, akanga ari mapfundo anenge 25 muzana akaderera kupfuura ayo ane makore 65 kusvikira ku 74.

Pasinei zvapo nokusvika mumwe wemwero yakakwirira zvikurusa yati yamboitwa muna 2020 chifo chokunyoreswa kwapamutemo kwokuvhota pamakore 18 okukura, muvhoti wepwere anoramba ari muduku pa 48%, uye kubuda kwakaderera kwakadaro kwepwere zvikurukuru pamusoro pezvokunzvera kunoverengeka kunoratidza kuti zvinoitika zvokuvhota zvapakuvamba zvinodeya kutaura kutora rutivi kwomunguva yemberi.

Nzvero yemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi inozivisa pamusoro pemiitiro pamusoro pebvumirano yavakuru vaduku. vokuAmerica vane makore 18 kusvikira ku 24 havagutsikani negadziriro yezvamatongerwe enyika uye vasina tariro pamusoro pehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, havashaiwi zivo yehurumende inotsoropodza uye chivimbo mumasangano ehurumende, uye sezvingabvira havagoni kuvhota muvhoti kupfuura chiverengero chavagari vemo. Zvisinei, pane zvikonzero zvokuva netariro: Vaduku vanoratidzira mwero wakaderera wepfungwa uye kuderera kwechiito, vanodada kuva vaAmerica, vanoramba masimba masimba ezvematongerwe enyika, uye pamwe chete vanoisa mipimo yedemocracy, uye vane bviro nesundo yokuita basa rinokosha mukusimbisa ubati ushe hwehurumende hunotonga hwehurumende hunotonga hwepasi, asi vanofanira kubatanidzwa munzira ine revo.

Kusawirirana Kwenzanga Nezvemari Mukutora Rutivi

Kuchengeteka mune zvemari kunoita basa rinokosha mukusarudza kuti ndiani anobatanidzwa mukusarudza kwapurezidhendi uye kuti vanopinda sei. Munzvero yomumiririri worudzi, vagari veAmerica vakachengeteka mune zvemari vane bviro huru yokuvhota, kuzvipira nokuda kwenhimbe, kana kuti kutora rutivi muzvimwe zvimiro zvehurumende kupfuura avo vasina kuchengeteka mune zvemari. Uku kusasarura kunotambanukira kudzimwe zvimiro zvezvamatongerwe enyika: Vanhu vakakotsekana mune zvemari vane bviro inopfuura nekanopfuura katatu yokuratidzira chikwaratiro chezvamatongerwe enyika uye kanopfuura katatu kane kugovera mupiro wezvamatongerwe enyika.

Mwero yomubhadharo mukuru mukutora rutivi kwesarudzo, neAmerica inowanwa zvikuru nguva dzose ichiratidza mwero mikuru zvikuru yezvibharo ($2024), mhuri dzinowana mari inopfuura $150 000 pagore dzakaratidzira mwero yezvitsama zvinoda kusvika 20 - 30 muzana zvakakwirira kupfuura izvo zvinowana pasi pe $30 000, uye iyi paradzano inoratidzira pfuma inowanika nokuda kwebvumirano yehurumende, kubatanidza nguva yokushanda, zvokufambisa, uye kuwana mashoko.

Pesvedzero dzegarikano yezvemari idzo dzine nguva nezviwanikwa zvokupinda zvizere muupenyu hwomugari wemo, pakupedzisira dzichisimbisa kusaruramisira kuripo musimba rezvamatongerwe enyika nemirairo muAmerica. Kugadzirisa iyi misiyano kunokosha nokuda kwokuva nechokwadi chokuti sarudzo yapurezidhendi inoratidzira zvirokwazvo kuda kwevose veAmerica, kwete bedzi avo vane betsero dzemari.

Basa Redzidzo Yemiviri

Nzvero nguva dzose inoratidza kuti vanhu vane mwero yakakwirira zvikuru yezivo yavagari vemo sezvingabvira zvikuru vanovhota uye kubatanidzwa muzvimwe zvimiro zvoupenyu hwomunharaunda, uye kubuda kunoratidzira kwete bedzi sundo, asiwo kugadzirira nokuwana.

Vasingasviki hafu yevechiduku vokuAmerica vavhota, kunyange musarudzo yapurezidhendi, uye 10 muzana bedzi yavaAmerica vari pakati pe18 ne24 vakasvitsa mupimo we "kuvimbisana kunoitwa napurezidhendi" mugadziriro yamasarudzo a 2012. Uku kushaikwa kwokuziva kunoderedza kunaka kwokuita chisarudzo chehurumende yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu uye kunogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro isingaratidzi zvizere mutongo unorangarirwa kuva wemhaka yevhoti.

Nzira Dzakasiana - siana Dzokubatanidzwa Nadzo Muchisarudzo Choupurezidhendi

Kupfuura Bhokisi Romutambo

Kuvanhu vakawanda, kutora rutivi musarudzo kunopfuura kungobatanidza mabasa akadai sokuratidza pachena kuti vanotsigira muvhoti kana kuti vanopinda munhimbe, kutsigira mari kunoitwa nehurumende kunoitwa nehurumende.

Kuongorora kwakaitwa nevakuru vehurumende 2020 kunoratidza kuti vanhu vakawanda vakaroorana muUnited States vakanzi vakasarudza muvhoti dzese dzese, (53%) vachiita zvimwe zvezvinhu zvitanhatu zvematongerwo enyika mumwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura, uye vanopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chevatsigiri vepachirongwa chekutsigira nzanga, uye vamwe chikamu chimwe chete chezvikamu zvina chegore vaipa mari yokutsigira chirongwa chezvamatongerwe enyika, uye vanenge (23%) vairatidza chikwangwani, kana kuti vaipfeka zvipfeko kana kuti bhatani kuti varatidze kutsigira kwavo munhu anenge apinda chikoro.

Kunyoresa Kunyorera Nokubetsera Vamwe Kunyoresa

Masangano akawanda anopa basa rokunyoresa rakakurumbira, uye vanhu vanogona kuita basa rinokosha mukubetsera vavhota kuti vanyorese, kunyanya vaya vangatarisana nezvinetso zvakadai sezvinetso zvomutauro, kushayiwa mashoko, kana kuti zvinetso zvokufamba.

Kunyoresa kwokuzvidira kwomuvhoti kwakaratidza chipikirwa mukuwedzera kutora rutivi. Kunzvera kwevhotaro inongozviitikira yeOregon kunoratidza kuti kwakawedzera kunyoresa kwose kuri kuviri uye kutendeuka pakati pavanhu vakanga "zvisingadikanwi kuti vakaita saizvozvo nenzira yakasiana") somuenzaniso, vavhoti vaduku veHispanic navavhoti vakura vomuruwa (vari mumiririri vazhinji, vakasiana zvikuru mune zvamatongerwe enyika, uye vanosarudza zvishoma.

Kupinda Zviitiko Zvezvamatongerwe Enyika neHoro Dzeguta

Misangano yaPurezidhendi inopa mikana yakawanda yokuvimbisana zvakananga nevanoda kubhabhatidzwa, vamiririri, uye vagari vemo. Misangano yehoro yeguta, misangano yenhimbe, uye nzvimbo dzenzanga dzinogovera nzvimbo uko vavhoti vanogona kubvunza mibvunzo, kutaura zvinonetsa, uye kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro penzvimbo dzavada kurondwa panhau dzakaoma. Munhimbe yesarudzo yakatapurwa zvikuru nokutanga kwemwoyo, vavhoti vakawanda (10%) vakapinda musangano wezvamatongerwe enyika kana kuti nhimbe dzepaIndaneti vakapinda chinoitika chakadaro mumunhu (6%), vachiratidza kuti kuvimbisana kwavanhu kunochinja mamiriro ezvinhu.

Kuzvipira Nokuda Kwenhimbe

Vazvipiri venhimbe vanoumba museve wesarudzo yapurezidhendi, vachiita mabasa anokosha akadai sekuchengeta runhare, kuronga nharaunda, kuronga zviitiko, uye kubetsera nokuvhota. Uku kubatanidzwa kwemaoko hakungotsigiri bedzi vadaviri asi kunovakawo unyanzvi hwenzanga, kunotanga batano dzenzanga, uye kunowedzera kunzwisisa kwegadziriro yezvamatongerwe enyika. Kune batano yakasimba pakati pomwero wemuvhoti wechiito chezvamatongerwe enyika nechitsama chapamwero chapanguva yavakawana mumwedzi pamberi pokuvhota, uye vavhoti avo vakanga vabatanidzwa zvikuru mumushumo wenhimbe kuti vaidzorwa kazhinji zvikuru nenhimberi kupfuura vaidzo dzakabatanidzwa.

Kubatanidzwa Mukurukurirano Dzezvamatongerwe Enyika

Kutopfuura zvose, nzira dziri kuitwa nevechiduku kuti vabatsire vanhu kurarama munyika dzinogara munyika dzinogara dziripo ndedzokukurukura nezvematongerwe enyika (66% vaanoshanda navo) uye nokubatsira vezera ravo nevavakidzani vavo vanoshayiwa (75%), zvinhu zvinongoenderana nezvinenge zvawanikwa nepwere kuti dzivimbe nemasangano adzo ezvamatongerwe enyika uye nzanga dzomunzvimbomo kupfuura masangano ehurumende.

Kuchinja Kunoita Zvemagariro Evanhu Nezvemagetsi

Pazera remichina, zvinobudisa mashoko zvava chishandiso chine simba kubatanidzwa mukusarudza kwapurezidhendi. Kugoverana mashoko akarurama pamusoro pevanoda kutevedzerwa, mitemo, uye miitiro yokuvhota kunogona kusvika nokukurumidza kuvanzwi vakawanda. Zvisinei, zvinokosha kuongorora mashoko usati wagoverana uye kuva noruremekedzo kune vaya vane maonero akasiyana. Kushandisa marivhiti, kana kukaitwa nokufunga, kunogona kuderedza manzwi nenzanga dzingada kufuratirwa nenhimbe dzegamuchidzanwa.

Kugovera Mari Kunhimbe

Mipiro yemari, pasinei zvapo noukuru, nhimbe dzebetsero dzinosvika kuvavhoti, dzinoronga zvinoitika, uye dzinokurukura mashoko avo. Mipiro miduku inobva kuvanhu vazhinji inogona pamwe chete kuita tapuro inokosha ndokuratidzira tsigiro yemichero nokuda kwavanoda. Iyi chimiro chokuvimbisa chinobvumira avo vangave vasina nguva yokuzvipira kupfuurira kutora rutivi nomutoo une revo mumuitiro wokuvhota.

Kutora Rutivi Mumakwikwi Nemasangano Enzanga

Makore gumi apfuura ave ari nhambo yebvumirano yehurumende yapamusoro yepwere, nenhambo dzamasarudzo 2018 ne2020 dzinoratidzira kukwirira kwenhau mukuvhota kwepwere, uye kutora rutivi kwakasarudzwa kunoramba kuri pakati penhau hurusa nokuda kwavanhu vaduku vane makore 18 kusvikira ku29, nepo pwere dzave dzichishingairawo munzanga kunze kwenzvimbo yokuvhotera: kutora rutivi mumasangano enzanga. Zvimiro izvi zvokuvimbisana zvinogona kupesvedzera masangano apurezidhendi, kuumba hurukuro yavose, uye kuratidzira ukurukudzore hwemirangariro yavose panhau dzinonetsa.

Betsero Dzakavhengana Dzokubatanidzwa Muchibvumirano

Kuumba Ruzivo Rukuru

Kutora rutivi kwokushingaira musarudzo yapurezidhendi nenzira yomuzvarirwo kunotungamirira kuzivo huru yezvamatongerwe enyika nokuziva. Apo vagari vemo vanopinda nenhimbe, vanonzvera, uye vanokurukura nhau navamwe, vanokudziridza nzwisiso huru yemashandire anoita hurumende, mitemo iri mungozi, uye kuti zvisarudzo zvoutungamiriri zvakasiana zvingatapura sei upenyu hwavo nenzanga. Uku kuvimbisa kunoziviswa kunovandudza kunaka kwokuita chisarudzo chehurumende yehurumende uye kunobetsera kuva nechokwadi chokuti miuyo yesarudzo inoratidzira nzwisiso yechokwadi panzvimbo pemirangariro yenhando kana kuti mashoko asina kururama.

Manzwi Nemirangariro Zvinojeka

Kubatanidzwa kwehurumende kwehurumende kunosimbisa kuti sarudzo yapurezidhendi iratidzire mhatsa yakazara yenzanga yeAmerica. Apo vanhu vanobva mumigariro yakasiana - siana, nzanga, uye zvinoitika vanotora rutivi nokushingaira, vanounza mirangariro yechienzi kukurukurirano dzezvamatongerwe enyika uye vanobetsera kudzivisa boka ripi neripi kudzora kurukurirano dzezvamatongerwe enyika. Uku kusiana kwamashoko kunotungamirira kukurukurirano dzemiitiro yakakwana zvikuru uye kunobetsera kuwana zvigadzikiso zvinoshandira zvikamu zvikuru zvavagari vemo.

Kuongorora kwakawanda kunogumisa kuti nyika dzine gadziriro dzinowirirana dzinoramba dzichishuma muvhoti mukuru uye kuvimbisana kukuru zvikuru kwevagari vemo, sezvo vagari vemo vachifunga kuti kutora rutivi kwadzo kunotapura zvakananga migumisiro yezvamatongerwe enyika.

Kuvaka Nzanga Dzakasimba Zvikuru

Kuvimbisana kwokushingaira kwehurumende, kubatanidza kuvhota, kunobetsera kuutano nougwinyi hwenzanga dzomunzvimbomo, uye vanhu vanovhota sezvingabvira zvikuru vanosonganirana navavakidzani, vanotaura kuvakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa, uye vanoita munzanga mudzimwe nzira. Sarudzo dzaPurezidhendi, pasinei zvapo nomugariro wavo worudzi, kazhinji kazhinji dzinova dzinobatanidza kurongwa kwomunzvimbomo nechivako chenzanga chinopfuurira nguva refu pashure pezuva resarudzo.

Nokubatana muchinangwa chimwe chete, tinovaka chivimbo, tsitsi, ushamwari hwevanhu, uye chitsigiro chakasimba chokuwana nokushandisa zvigadzikiso munzanga dzedu. Iri dzimbahwe renzanga (h] mibatanidzwa yeukama uye chivimbo izvo zvinobatanidza nzanga pamwe chete (hwunomirira imwe yemibatanidzwa inokosha zvikurusa yehurumende yokubatanidzwa muvhota purezidhendi.)

Kutsigira Utano Nohumwe Nohukuru

Mibato yokuvimbisana yakadai sokuvhota, kuzvipira, uye kurima bindu yenzanga haingopfuuriri bedzi kubudirira kwavose asiwo ine betsero dzoutano hwendangariro nomuviri nokuda kwavanhu vanotora rutivi, uye kupfurikidza nokusimudzirwa kwebatira pamwe yenzanga, ruvimbo rwenzanga, uye kugoverana kwezvipo, kuvimbisana kwenzanga kunokurudzira kuvakwa kwenzanga kunowirirana uye kunotsigira muitiro wehurumende yehurumende yehurumende yegutsaruzhinji.

Kana vanhu vakavimbisana kuroorana, hurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu inosimbiswa, izvo zvinoita kuti vanhu vawedzere kufara uye kugutsikana.

Kurerutsa Kudzora Ubati Ushe Hwenyika

Kubatanidza vagari vemo nevavakidzani vavo uye kuvaka nzanga yakasimba zvikuru nokufunga nezveramangwana, uye izvi zvinoitwa neboka zvinosimbisa hurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu, zvinoita kuti vanhu vadade mukubatanidzwa, uye zvinovaka nzanga yakasimba umo munhu mumwe nomumwe ane basa rokuumba remangwana renyika.

Kana vagari vemo vakagara vachiita sarudzo dzemapurezidhendi uye vachingoitawo zvimwe zvinhu muupenyu hwavo, vanotanga tsika dzinotsigira hurumende yegutsaruzhinji munguva dzakaoma.

Kukurira Zvipingamupinyi Zvokubatanidzwa Muchikwata

Kutaura Nguva Nezvinhu Zvakavhiringidzwa

Vanhu vakawanda vokuAmerica vanotarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvinoshanda pakuronga basa rapurezidhendi, kusanganisira mabasa, mabasa okutarisira vana, zvinetso zvokufambisa, uye kushayikwa kwemashoko pamusoro pemashandiro avangaita.

Zvigadzikiso zvemhinganidzo idzi zvinosanganisira kukudza kuvhota nokuvhota kwokukurumidza, kupa nguva inobhadharwa yokuvhota, kupa vana nguva yokuvhota panzvimbo dzokuvhota nezviitiko zvenhimbe, uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti mashoko okuvhota anowanika mumitauro yakawanda nefora. Mitemo yakafanana nenyoreso yezuva rimwe chete, kudzorerwa kwekodzero dzokuvhota nokuda kwavanhu vane zvitendero zvakada kufanana, kunyorwa kwepamberi pema16 ne17 yegore, kubhadhadharwa kwenguva kuti vavhote, uye kuwedzerwa kwokukurumidza uye kuvhotera kwapa tsamba kungangogona kuona kugamuchirwa kukuru kana kuvimbisa kwehurumende kukaitwa kuti kuitwe.

Kurwisa Kutsoropodza Nokuodzwa Mwoyo

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvikuru pakuvimbisana kwehurumende ichitendero chokuti kubatanidzwa kwomunhu mumwe nomumwe hakuna basa. Vakuru vakashuma kuti havana kuronga kuvhota mumwedzi mitanhatu yakatevera (25%) zvikurukuru vakataura kuti kwakanga kuri nemhaka yokuti havaoni kuti vhoti yavo inogona kuita musiyano sei. Uku kusadavira, kunyange zvazvo kunonzwisisika kupiwa kupesana kwezvamatongerwe enyika uye kusingadzoreki, kunoderedza kutora rutivi kwehurumende uye kunozvigutsa apo vanhu vanopesana.

Kupfurikidza nokunangidzira ngwariro pazvigadzikiso zvinotsigirwa navanhu vepfungwa dzakasiyana - siyana, zvakadai sokuwedzera nzvimbo dzokunzvera, kushandisa ganhuriro dzeshoko rakarongwa, kana kuti kupfurikidza nokukurukura nharaunda dzeitiro hanya yavose yakadai sendyiko huru yokurarama, tinogona kusimbisa hurumende yedu inosarudzwa navanhu, kuratidzira tsandanyama dzedu dzehurumende dzakabatana, uye kuvaka nzanga dzine utano hwakanaka zvikuru. Kusimbisa nhau chaidzoidzo nemhinduro dzinoshanda kunogona kubetsera kukurira kusava nomutendikanidzano uye kuratidzira tapuro chaiyoiyo yenyika yebvumirano yenzanga.

Kuvaka Zivo Neunyanzvi

Kushaikwa kwamashoko pamusoro penzira yokutora rutivi inomirira imwe mhinganidzo inokosha. Vavhoti vazhinji havazivi nzira yokunyoresa nayo, kwokuvhota, kuti vovhotai, kuzivikanwai kwavanoda, kana kuti nzira yokunzvera nayo nhau. Vaduku vanoda zivo yehurumende, mikana yebvumirano yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, uye kuzvipira kuhurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, uye ava vanofanira kushanda mumapoka ose ezera.

Kudai makore 18 ari ose okukura aidikanwa kuvhota, zvikoro zvaizova nechishuvo chakasimba chokugovera dzidzo yakasimba yehurumende, uye masangano ehurumende aigona kuisa yakawanda mudzidzo yavose pamusoro pokuvhota. Kunyange pasina kuvhota kunogombedzerwa, kufutunura dzidzo yavagari vemo muzvikoro, nzvimbo dzebasa, uye masangano enzanga anogona kubetsera vanhu vakawanda kukudziridza zivo nechivimbo kuti vagoverane nenzira inobudirira musarudzo dzapurezidhendi.

Kukurira Kukamuraniswa Kwematongerwe Enyika

Chivimbo chavanhu muhurumende chinodokuva chenhando dzenhau, uye vaAmerica vakakamuraniswa zvikuru mundangariro kupfuura panguva ipi neipi mumakumi amakore achangobva kupfuura aya. Uku kubatana kunogona kuita kuti kuvimbisana kwevagari vemo kunzwe kwokukakavadzana uye kusingafadzi, kuodza mwoyo. Zvisinei, kune nharaunda dzakawanda dzebvumirano pazviito zvingatapura zvamazvirokwazvo hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, zvakadai sokuderera kwemashoko asina kururama muzvinobudisa nhau (75%, 61% yemitengo, 65% yavaregeredza) uye nzvimbo dzokuvhotera dzinowedzera (80%, 58%, uye 59%, 59%).

Kuronga nzvimbo dzokutaurirana zvine ruremekedzo kana paine kusawirirana, kusimbisa nyaya dzomunharaunda dzine vanhu vanonyatsobvumirana, uye kupemberera mienzaniso inobudirira yokubatana kwevayambuya vakabatana kunogona kubatsira kubatana uye kukurudzira kuti vanhu vabatane.

Basa Revatambi Vakasiyana - siyana Mukutsigira Kubatanidzwa Kwomubatanidzwa

Zvirongwa Zvedzidzo

Zvikoro, makoreji, uye mayunivhesiti zvinoita basa rinokosha mukugadzirira vagari vemo nokuda kwokutora rutivi mukushingaira musarudzo. Dzidzo yeCBIVI inofanira kupfuura kudzidzisa maidi makuru pamusoro pegadziriro yehurumende kuti zvibatanidze unyanzvi hwokutsoropodza, kurava nenhau, uye zivo inoshanda pamusoro penzira yokutora nayo zvinobudirira. Mikana yokudzidza kwehurumende nokuvimbisana haienzaniswi zvikuru.[1] White, vadzidzi vakapfuma vane kane kana kusvikira kumatanhatu sezvinobvira seHispanic kana kuti Black vadzidzi vanobva mumhuri dzinouya kuti vapfuure mwero we "proficial" weNational Assesmentsment of Educational Progresssss (NAEP) muruwa. Kutaura izvozvi mumiteo. Kuvimbisa kuti vagari veAmerica vose vanogona kutora rutivi zvizere mukuvhota kwapurezidhendi.

Masangano Enzanga Nezvisingabudiriri

Masangano anotsigirwa nenzanga anobatira samabhiriji anokosha pakati pavagari vemo nomuitiro wezvamatongerwe enyika. Kupfurikidza nokuvhota nokushingaira, mipurofiti ine mano okusvika vanhu vanopotsa nenhimbe dzegamuchidzanwa, anozivikanwawo se "Majeri makuru," uye anoshanda kukumbanira iri boka rinobetsera kuva vagari vemo vanoshingaira zvikuru uye muvhoti uyo anomirira zvizere zvikuru nzanga dzaanobatira. Masangano aya anogona kugovera betsero yokuvhota, vatsigiri vemi, vanopa dzidzo isina kuva vogaropo, uye anobetsera vanhu kukurira mhingani dzinoshanda kuti vabatanidzwe.

Mibato Yezvamatongerwe Enyika Nenhimbe

Nepo nhimbe dzichinangidzira ngwariro nenzira yomuzvarirwo pakuunganidza vatsigiri vavo, ivo vanewo mutoro wokubatanidzwa nenzira yokuremekedza navavhoti vose uye kuzvidzora vamene munzira dzinosimbisa panzvimbo pokusekesa tsika dzehurumende. Kana munhu ari wose ari kuvhota, ipapo anokarira munhu ari wose ari kuteerera, uye vada kutora namapati vachada kuita nhamburiko dzokukwezva tsigiro huru. Mishandirapamwe inoisa kurukurirano dzemitemo, mashoko akarurama, uye kurukurirano inoremekedza zvinoparira kuvimbisana kwougwinyi hwakanaka.

Vagoveri Vezvinobudisa Mashoko Nemashoko

Masangano enhau, masangano ezvinobudisa nhau, uye mamwe masangano emashoko anoumba manzwisisiro anoita vagari vemo sarudzo dzapurezidhendi uye basa rawo mavari.Kupa mashoko akarurama, akadzikama, uye anowanika pamusoro pevanoda kubhabhatidzwa, nhau, uye nzira dzokuvhota zvinotsigira kuvimbisana kwehurumende. Kurwisa mashoko asina kururama uye kugadzira nzvimbo dzokukurukurirana zvinovaka kunoratidza kuti kupindira mune zvehurumende kunoenderana nezvinodiwa nehurumende.

Vashandirwi

Mabhizimisi nevashandirwi vanogona kutsigira kuvimbisana kwehurumende nokupa nguva inobhadharwa yokuvhota, kubvumira vavhoti kuti vanyorese, kugoverana mashoko anenge achivhota asiri echechi, uye kutanga tsika dzebasa dzinokoshesa kubatanidzwa kwevanhu.

Hurumende Nevakuru Vakuru Vanosarudza

Vatarisiri vesarudzo vane mutoro chaiwo wokuita kuti kuvhota kuve nyore, kwakakotsekana, uye kwakavimbika. Basa renyika yose raizoita kuti vakuru vakuru vesarudzo vomunzvimbomo nehurumende vasarudze zvikuru kuti vabvise mitemo yevhoti inoisa mhinganidzo dzokuvhota. Kunyange pasina murairo wakadaro, vakuru vakuru vesarudzo vanogona kuwedzera zvisarudzo zvokuvhota, kuvandudza dzidzo inogamuchirwa, kuva nechokwadi chokuti nzvimbo dzokuvhota, uye kuchengeta miitiro yesarudzo inova pachena, yakachengeteka iyo inovaka chivimbo kuvanhu.

Kutarira Mberi: Nguva Yemberi Yokubatanidzwa Muzvisarudzo zvaPurezidhendi

Miitiro Yokuwedzera Nemikana

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, vechiduku vari kuita chiito pamwero wakafanana kana kuti wakakwirira kupfuura zvavaiita mumakore akapfuura — “vaduku vari kunyunyuta, kusaina zvikumbiro, uye kupa mari kunhimbe kupfuura zvavaiita mugadziriro yesarudzo yakare. ”

Ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu runoramba ruchiunza mikana mitsva yokuvimbisana kwehurumende, kubva pakunyoresa paIndaneti kudzimba dzinodokuva dzemataundi kuenda kuzvinhu zvokushandisa pakuvhota zvinobudirira zvikuru.

Kukosha Kwokutsigirana

Kunyange zvazvo kusarudza kwapurezidhendi kuchiwanzoita kuti vanhu vanyanye kufarira uye kuitawo chimwe chinhu, kutsigira kubatanidzwa kwehurumende pakati pesarudzo kunokoshawo. Nyika ine utano hwakanaka inotsamira pavagari vemo vanoziva, vane tsika dzinoda kuita zvose zvavanogona, uye inodawo kuti vatungamiriri vagadzirire kunzwisisa nyaya dzakaoma, kukurira kusawirirana kwemaune, uye kuva nomutoro kunzanga dzavo. Miitiro yokuvaka yokubatanidzwa kwehurumende kwegore negore nehurumende yemo, kuramba vachiziviswa nezvezvinoitika zvemitemo, kukurukurirana nevakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa nehurumende yehurumende inosarudzwa uye kuita kuti kusarudzwa kwapurezidhendi kuve kune zvakureva zvikuru uye kunobudirira.

Kugadzirisa Zvinetso Zvemashandiro Enyika

Kupfurikidza nokuisa mari mugarikano yavanhu, vaiti vemiitiro navatungamiriri vehurumende vanogona kusimbisa chigadziko chehurumende yehurumende yeruzhinji yorudzi rwedu, uye zvirongwa nemitemo zvakarongedzerwa kupedza mukaha wepfuma yedzinza, kuwedzera kuwanikwa kwedzimba, kuwedzera kunaka kwebasa, uye kudzivirira vatengi havagoni kuvandudza bedzi garikano yemari asi vaderedzawo zvavo voderedza zvikamu zvenzanga ndokusimudzira kuwirirana kukuru kwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu uye kusingasarudzeri. Kuziva kuti kubatanidzwa kwehurumende kwakabatana nenhau dzakakura dzechengeteko yemari, nzanga, uye magariro outano kumativi makuru enzanga kukuita kuti kusimbise kutora rutivi rwehurumende yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu.

Kuvaka Tsika Yebasa Romubato

Pakupedzisira, kubatanidzwa kukuru kwehurumende mukusarudza kwapurezidhendi kunotsamira pakusakurira tsika inokoshesa kutora rutivi kwehurumende yeruzhinji sezvose zviri zviviri maruramiro nomutoro. Murangariro webasa rehurumende unovambira shure kunyika yekare(muAtene yekare neRoma yakare, "kunaka kwechiCovice" rwakanga rwuri rutivi runokosha rwetsika dzenzanga uye runoda kuva rwakapesvedzera vaAmerica Vanababa Vanowana. Kurangarira uyu mufungo wekunaka kwehurumende nokuda kwenguva dzazvino uno kunoreva kubetsera vaAmerica vose kunzwisisa kuti kutora rutivi rwavo, kuti hurumende inodikanirwa kubatanidzwa kunoshanda nesimba kuti irarame nokubudirira, uye kuti kuvimbisana kubetsera kwete bedzi gadziriro yezvamatongerwe enyika asiwo vanhu voga voga.

Matanho Anoshanda Okuwedzera Kubatanidzwa Kwako Nechibvumirano

Tanga Nokunyoresa KwechiVoter

Kana usati watonyoresa kuvhota, ita kuti izvozvo zvive pakutanga. Cherechedza zvinodikanwa zvokuvhota zvehurumende yako nezvitsama zvinotarwa, unganidza magwaro api naapi ari madikanwa, uye pedza muitiro wokunyoresa. Kana watonyoresa, iva nechokwadi chokuti kunyoresa kwako kwazvino uno uye kwakarurama, zvikurukuru kana wakatama kana kuti wachinja zita rako. Ipapo betsera vamwe munzanga yako kuvhota, zvikurukuru avo vangatarisana nemhinganidzo kana kuti kushaiwa mashoko pamusoro pomuitiro wacho.

Zvidzidzise Panyaya Dzezvidzidzo Nenhau Dzako

Wana nguva yokunzvera vanoda kuva purezidhendi, nzvimbo dzavo dzemiitiro, marekodhi avo, uye zvikwaniriso zvavo. Kupfuura kushambadzira kwenhimbe nenzvimbo dzesociation kuti uwane mashoko akaderera kubva kumanyuko akavimbika. Rangarira kupinda mahoro, kutarira kurukurirano, uye kurava mumiitiro yakadzika mirefu. Kana ukaziva zvikuru, kutora rutivi kwako kunova kune revo zvikuru.

Itai Mukurukurirano

Kurukurai nemhuri, shamwari, vavakidzani, uye vashandi pamwe chete pamusoro pesarudzo yapurezidhendi.

Zvipire Nguva Yako

Kunyange maawa mashomanana okuzvipira kuzvipira kuzoita basa rehurumende, uye izvi zvichaita kuti unzwisise maitiro ezvematongerwe enyika uchibatana nevamwe vanobvuma kuvimbisana kubatanidzwa muhurumende.

Batsira Zvaunogona

Kana uchikwanisa, pa mari kuvanoda kufunda kana kuti kukupa mari. Kunyange mipiro miduku inowedzera ndokuratidzira tsigiro youswa. Kana usingagoni kupa nemari, rangarira kupa nguva yako, unyanzvi, kana kuti zvimwe zvinhu kutsigira nhamburiko dzehurumende munzanga yako.

Shandisa Inzwi Rako Pazvinobudisa Nhau Zvenzanga

Kurukurai mashoko akarurama pamusoro pokuvhota, kutora, uye nhau dzepasocial network.Chengetai zvinhu musati mataurirana, taurai mashoko akavimbika, uye taurai noruremekedzo nevamwe.

Pinda Zviitiko Nemakwikwi

Kuungana uku kunopa mikana yokubvunza mibvunzo, kutaura zvinonetsa, kudzidza kune vamwe, uye kuratidza kufarira vanhu munhau dzehurumende.

Batsira Vamwe Kuti Vaitewo Zvavanotaura

Izvi zvingasanganisira kutakura vanhu kunzvimbo dzinovhota, kubatsira kunyoresa, kutsanangura maitiro okuvhota, kana kuti kungokurudzira kutorawo. Kuunganidza munhu wacho kunobatsira kuti aedze kuita zvose zvaanogona uye kunobatsira kuti munhu wose anoda kutora rutivi adaro.

Ramba Uchiita Basa Rako Kupfuura Zuva Rokusarudza

Yeuka kuti kuvimbisana kwehurumende hakugumi apo kuvhota kunopera. Garai maziviswa pamusoro peizvo vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa vari kuita, kurukurai navamiriri venyu, goverana muhurumende yomunzvimbomo, uye pfuuridzira miitiro yokutora rutivi kwenzanga yavanhu yawakudziridza.

Simba Rokuchinja Rokubatanidzwa Muchibvumirano

Kubatanidzwa kwehurumende mukusarudza kwapurezidhendi kunomirira zvinopfuura zvikuru basa rehurumende kana kuti muitiro wehurumende wehurumende yeruzhinji, “simba guru rokuumba nguva yemberi yorudzi rwedu nenzanga. ”

Betsero dzebvumirano yavagari vemo dzinotambanukira kupfuura zvamatongerwe enyika kuti dzitapure rutivi rwuri rwose rwoupenyu hwenzanga, kuvambira pasimba rezvemari kusvikira kubatira pamwe kwenzanga kusvikira kugarikano yomunhu oga. Kupfurikidza nokutora rutivi musarudzo yapurezidhendi (zvingava kupfurikidza nokuvhota, kuzvipira, kukurukura nhau, kana kuti upi noupi wezvimiro zvakawanda zvevimbiso ($___vanetsi vanoisa mari muramangwana ravo vamene uye muutano hwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu imene.

Nepo mhinganidzo dzokutora rutivi dzichipfuurira, kubatanidza kusawirirana kwenzanga, ganhuriro dzenguva, kushaikwa kwamashoko, uye kusarondwa kwezvamatongerwe enyika, idzi denho hadzisati dzichikurira.

Zvisarudzo zvapurezidhendi zvinokosha zvikuru, zvichitapura chinhu chiri chose kuvambira patarisiro youtano nedzidzo kusvikira kumuitiro wemamiriro enzvimbo neruramisiro yenzanga. Zvisarudzo zvinoitwa napurezidhendi zvinoumba kwete bedzi migariro yazvino asiwo pesvedzero yorudzi kwamakore anouya.Izvozvi zvinoita kuti kuvimbisana kwehurumende kuve kunokosha kwete bedzi asi kunokosha nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi anoitira hanya nguva yemberi yenzanga yavo nenyika.

Sezvatinotarira kuna sarudzo youpurezidhendi womunguva yemberi, mubvunzo hausati uri kana nhau dzekuvimbisana kwehurumende dzechimuko — hwuchiratidzira nenzira huru kuti kunodaro (apo kutambanudza ndokukudza kutora rutivi kwedu kuti tive nechokwadi chokuti hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu inoshanda nokuda kwomunhu ari wose.

Kana tikanzwisisa kuti nei vanhu vachibvumirana mukusarudza kwapurezidhendi uye tichiita zvose zvavanogona kuti vaite, tinenge tichiremekedza pfungwa dzehurumende yatinotonga uye tinobatsira kuti tive neramangwana rakakwirira rokuda kururamisira, kuenzana uye mukana wevose.

Nokuda kwamashoko akawanda pamusoro pezvinyoreso zvehurumende nemikana yokuvhota, shanyira Votte.gov, website yehurumende yevhoti nokuda kwemashoko evoti. Kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pedzidzo yehurumende nebvumirano yepwere, kunzvera zviwanikwa kubva ku Conter for Information & Lamp; Anvising on CBIC Learning and Cincmentment (CIRCLE)[FT:3] paTufts University. Nokuda kwevatiki yedzidzo yehurumende uye maturusi, nzvera [[FLT:] Non .V [[FT]