Kutanga: Hurumende Inochinja Sei Zvinhu Zvauri Kuziva Nezvazviri

Zvisarudzo zvinoitwa navakuru vakuru vehurumende (zvingava mudzimba dzedare renyu reguta, mudare rehurumende, kana kuti muhurumende) zvinotapura zvakananga kunaka kwoupenyu hwenyu kupfuura zvinozivikanwa navanhu vazhinjisa. Kuvambira pakuchena kwemvura yomupombi kusvikira kukotsekano yemigwagwa, kubva kumitero inonyimwa pamutero wako kusvikira kumhepo yaunofema, hurumende pamwero uri wose inogadza mitemo, inopa mibato, uye inogovera mipiro inoumba zvinoitika zvezuva nezuva. Bva vagari vemo vazhinji vanoramba vasingazivi mwero uyo uri mutoro worutivii rwoupenyu hwavo, kuchitungamirira kunyonganiswa pamusoro pezvinetso, zvichemo, kana kuti tsigiro.

Kunzwisisa mabasa akasiyana namasimba ehurumende dzomunzvimbomo, dzehurumende, uye dzehurumende hakusi kungoshandisa kworuzivo rwokudzidza. Icho chishandiso chinoshanda nokuda kwokuva mugari wemo anobudirira. Paunoziva anodzora mari yechikoro, uyo anogadza mitemo, kana kuti anotarisira migariro yezveutano yavose, unogona kuvhota nokuchenjera zvikuru, kutsigira nesimba zvikuru, uye kuita kuti vakuru vakuru vakuru vakarurama vazvidavirire. Nyaya ino inonzvera chimiro chehurumende muUnited States, inonzvera kuti mwero mumwe nomumwe unotapura sei upenyu hwako, uye inosimbisa chikonzero nei iyi nhau dzokuva mugari wemo.

Gadziriro Yakasimba Mitatu yeHurumende

MuUnited States, simba rehurumende rakakamuraniswa pakati pemwero mikuru mitatu: yomunzvimbomo, hurumende, uye yehurumende. Mwero mumwe nomumwe unobva muBumbiro remitemo nemitemo yehurumende, uye mumwe nomumwe wakarondedzera zvakajeka mitoro. Zvisinei, miganhu nguva dzose haisi yakaoma (mamitengo) uye mari inowanzopinda pamwero, ichiparira gadziriro yakaoma asi inotsamira pairi.

Hurumende Yomunzvimbomo: Kuva Pedyo Zvikuru Noupenyu Hwako Hwezuva Nezuva

Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinobatanidza misha, maguta, misha, uye maruwa chaiwo akadai semapuranga ezvikoro kana kuti zviremera zvemvura.Idzi ndidzo nzvimbo dzokutanga dzokuonana pakati pevagari vemo nehurumende. vakuru vakuru vomunzvimbomo vanoita zvisarudzo zvinotapura mhoteredzo yako yapedyo: mugariro wemugwagwa waunotyaira, kunaka kwepaki yavose pedyo nomusha wako, nguva yemapurisa namadhipatimendi okudzima moto, uye zvirongwa zvinodzidziswa muchikoro chomwana wako.

Mabasa makuru ehurumende yomunzvimbomo anosanganisira:

  • Public Safety:[[[FLT: 1]] Mapurisa anorinda, kudzvinyirira moto, mabasa enjodzi, uye kuita njodzi zvinodzorwa zvikurukuru munharaunda. Masangano anochengeta mutemo omunharaunda anodzika mitemo yehurumende neyomunzvimbomo, uye mitemo yawo pakushandisa simba, mapurisa enzanga, uye kuchengetwa kwemotokari zvinotapura zvakananga chengeteko yavagari vemo.
  • Traxation: Makambani ezvikoro namasangano edzidzo omunzvimbomo anoronga mabhajeti emari, vatarisiri vanobhadharwa, vabvumiri vechikoro, uye kusarudza mwero yemitero yemari yechikoro nokuda kwemari yechikoro. Runako rwezvikoro zvavose munharaunda yenyu iratidzirwo yakananga yezvisarudzo zvehurumende yomunzvimbomo.
  • Indaneti neZoning: Hurumende dzomunharaunda dzinochengeta migwagwa, mabhiriji, migwagwa, magetsi emigwagwa, mastem, uye nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa tsvina. Dzinoitawo kuti mitemo inogadza igogaro inogona kuvakwa uko__kungavakwa, kushamba, maindasitiri, uye chivako chinobvumira kukura ikoko kwenzanga.
  • Kuronga uye Chinoitika:[ Madhipatimendi omunzvimbomo okuronga anotarisira zvirongwa zvedzimba dzinobvira, mabumbiro okuvaka, kunzvera kwokurenda, uye kubvumira kwokukura. Zvisarudzo pamusoro poukuru, ganhuriro dzourefu, uye kuchengeteka kwenhau zvose zvinovamba pahoro yeguta.
  • Polic Unities neSantiation: Mugove wemvura, kuunganidzwa kwetsvina, mapurogiramu okuvandudzazve, uye kutarisirwa kwemvura yemadutu mitoro yomunzvimbomo inowanzova, inotapura zvakananga utano hwavanhu nekuvakwakati.

Nemhaka yokuti hurumende yomunzvimbomo iri pedyosa navanhu, zviito zvayo kazhinji kazhinji zvinoparira mhinduro yapakarepo zvikurusa yakadai semakomba anogona kushumwa, misangano yedare rechikoro yakapinda, yaikwikwidza vagari vemo.

Hurumende yeHurumende: Laboratory of Democracy

Hurumende dzine chiremera chakafara panhau zhinjisa dzisingapiwi zvakananga kuhurumende yehurumende neBumbiro reMitemo reU.S. nyika imwe neimwe ine bumbiro rayo rimene remitemo, mugavhuna, uye gadziriro yedare. Mitemo yehurumende inogona kusiana zvikuru kubva kuhurumende imwe kuenda kune imwe, kuumba basa rakaganhurirwa remitemo namapurogiramu izvo zvinotapura chinhu chiri chose kubva kumitero kusvikira kumaruramiro okubereka.

Mabasa makuru ehurumende anobatanidza:

  • Kutarisira nokushanda kwemagariro avanhu:[[FLT: 1] Masangano anotarisira Medicaid (kazhinji kazhinji mubatira pamwe nehurumende yehurumende), purogiramu dzeinishuwarenzi youtano hwavana (CHIP), yamuro yezvokudya (SNAP), uye chinguvana COMTSFFFFFF yePFC. Vanodzorawo misika yeinishuwarenzi youtano uye madhipatime outano anoona mirakataidzo nokutarisira maredhinari.
  • Traclactation Inspiration: Madhipatimendi eHurumende ezvokufambisa anochengeta migwagwa mikuru yenyika, migwagwa yehurumende, mabhiriji, nhandare dzendege, uye gadziriro dzokufambisa vanhu. Anogadza ganhuriro dzechimbichimbi, anobudisa marezenisi okufambisa, uye anomanikidzira kunyoresa motokari nenzvero dzekotsekano.
  • Chiratidzo chapamutemo neSavero yavose:[[FLT: 1] nyika dzinoita mitemo youtsotsi (mutoo, kuba, kudenha, mhaka dzemirimo), mapurisa ehurumende, kutarisira majeri negadziriro dzezvikwereti, uye vachuchisi vemari uye vadziviriri vehurumende. Gadziriro dzemitemo pamwero mukurusa dzenhau dzinobata chiverengero chikuru chenhau, kuvambira pakupunzirwa kwemibato kusvikira kukuuraya.
  • K-12 neDzidzo Yapamusoro: Hurumende dzeruwa dzomunzvimbomo dzinoshandisa dzidzo, hurumende dzehurumende dzinogadza mipimo yedzidzo, dzinoda kuedza kwakafanira, kutsigira chikamu chinokosha chemari yechikoro, uye kushanda mumayunivhesiti ehurumende namakoreji enzanga.
  • Economic Development neRegitation: Nyika dzinokwezva mabhizimisi kupfurikidza nesundo dzemitero nepurogiramu dzokurovedza vashandi. Dzinodzora marezinesi enyanzvi (vatambi, magweta, mageta), dzinogadza mitemo yemibhadharo yakaderera zvikuru (kazhinji kupfuura mwero womubatanidzwa), uye dzinotarisira kuchengetwa kwemhoteredzo mukati memiganhu yavo.
  • Sarudzo neMajeri: nyika dzinosarudza miitiro yokuvhota, kubatanidza mitoo yokuvhota, maawa okuvhota, mirau yetsamba, uye miitiro yokudzosera. Kutendeseka nokuwana sarudzo kunotsamira zvikurukuru pazvisarudzo zvenzvimbo.

Seizvo Mutongi akanonoka Louis Brandeis akacherekedza, anotaura kuti anobatira se “unyanzvi hwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu,” kuedza miitiro mitsva iyo gare gare ingagamuchirwa murudzi rwose. Somuenzaniso, masangano akaparira tsinhano dzoutano, kushanda kwokuvhota kwecarbon, uye kunyoresa kwokuvhota kwoga.

Hurumende Yenyika: Hurumende

Hurumende yehurumende, inoumbwa nemukuru mukuru (Puercent namasangano), wezvematongerwe enyika (Dare reHurumende nematare akaderera), uye mapazu okutonga (Dare rePunu uye matare akaderera), inobata nhau dzorudzi rwose. masimba ayo anodudzwa muBumbiro reMitemo uye anobatanidza kuumba mari, kuzivisa hondo, kudzora kutengeserana kwenyika dzapasi, uye kuitisa ukama hwokumwe.

Mitoro yehurumende inotapura zvikuru upenyu hwako inobatanidza:

  • National Defense and Foreign Policy:[[FLT: 1] Department of Defense inochengeta mauto, Department of State inotarisira zvibvumirano nebvumirano, uye nzanga yakangwara inodzivirira tyisidziro. Zvisarudzo pamusoro pekupindira kwehondo, zvibvumirano zvebhizimisi, uye mibatanidzwa yamarudzi ose zvinoumba chengeteko yorudzi neukama hwezvemari.
  • Inishuwarenzi neTitle:[[FLT: 1] Rusununguko rwenzanga runogovera mari yokurega basa; Medicare inopa chikwereti choutano nokuda kwavanhu vakura navakaremara; Afford Care Act (ACA) inodzora misika yeinishuwarenzi youtano uye inogovera mutengo wemari. Iyi purogiramu inova Hurumende uye inotapura makumi amamirioni eAmerica zvakananga.
  • Macronomic Policy: Congress inogadza mwero yemitero nendyiko yokushandisa mari, nepo Federal Reserve inodzora muitiro wemari (mwero inotengwa, mugove wemari). Mabhajeti eFederal anogovera mari nokuda kwedziviriro, gadziriro dzedzidzo, mipiro yedzidzo, nzvero yesayenzi, uye zvakawanda. Mitengo yetero inotapura cheki nedzorero dzemari.
  • Entrorology and Consumer Protection: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) inomanikidzira mhepo yakachena nemipimo yemvura. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inovimbisa kukotsekana kwezvokudya nemirimo. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) inodzora ngozi dzinobudiswa. Masangano aya anodzivirira utano hwevoruzhinji nekotseka.
  • Chivil Rights neJudiary:[[FURT:1] mutemo weFederal unorambidza rusaruro rwakavakirwa padzinza, hurema, uye mamwe mapoka. Gadziriro yedare rehurumende inodudzira Bumbiro remitemo nemitemo, kubatanidza zvisarudzo zvechiratidzo pamusoro pokuenzana kweroorano, kubvisa mimba, uye maruramiro okuvhota.
  • Kutora nokugara nhaka: masangano eFederal anodzika mitemo yokutama, kuronga mavhiza, uye kusarudza mugariro weutiziro nevapoteri. Rugariso nemusikirwo inhau dzomubatanidzwa chose chose.

Kusvika kwehurumende yehurumende kunotambanukira munenge rutivi rwuri rwose rwoupenyu kupfurikidza nemigariro yokutsigira mari, mipimo yokutungamirira, uye mitemo inosunungura.

Tsamba Dzinosangana: Kufamba Kunoita Poricies

Hakuna mwero wehurumende inoshanda mukuparadzana. Panzvimbo pezvo, zvinoumba gadziriro ine simba yokutonga pamwe chete. Mipiro, zvirairo, uye mitemo zvinoumba mamiriro ehurumende nezvinoiswa pakutanga zvomunzvimbomo. Mitemo yehurumende inoganhurirwa kana kuti inoita kuti hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzive nesimba. Kuitwa kwomunzvimbomo kunogona kufambisira mberi kana kuti kudzivisa nharidzano dzehurumende. Kunzwisisa uku kunokosha kuzivisa kuti chinjo dzemiitiro dzichakutapura sei.

Kushandisa Mvura Yemabhakitiriya

Chikamu chikuru chemari yehurumende neyomunzvimbomo chinobva mukutamisirwa kwehurumende. Federal inopa tsigiro dzepfuma (mabhiriji, mabhiriji, mabhiriji akafara), dzidzo (Tit I, IDEA), kutarisirwa kwoutano (Medicaid mutambo), uye nyaradzo yengwavaira. Mukudzoka, hurumende dzinofanira kuwirirana nemipimo yehurumende (somuenzaniso, dzinotaura kuti kugamuchira mari inotsigirwa nehurumende yeMedicaid inofanira kufukidza vanhu vakati nemabasa. Nenzira yakafanana, hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinotsamira pakugoverwa kwemitero yemari yemari yemari uye mitero inoiswa nemitemo yehurumende.

Apo hurumende yehurumende inoderedza ndyiko, hurumende dzomunzvimbomo kazhinji kazhinji dzinotarisana netsananguro yemari inoparira kuderedzwa kwebasa kana kuti wedzero yomutero.

Mitemo Yokuisa Mipimo: Mienzaniso Yemitambo Yokupindira

  • Kudzorwa kwemipimo yetsika: Sungano yeAir inoisa mipimo yorudzi yemhepo. Nyika dzinofanira kuzviisa gadziriro dzokuita dzinoratidza kuti dzichaita sei mipimo iyoyo. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo panguva iyoyo dzinomanikidzira ganhuriro dzeburi remitengi, nzvero dzemotokari, uye miraudzo yokushandisa nyika inotapura kushatisa mamiriro ezvinhu enyika nemitemo yomunzvimbomo.
  • [FLT] Urris: Mukati medenda reCOVID-19, hurumende yehurumende yakagovera mari nenhungamiro, asi hurumende dzakasarudza pamusoro pemipiro, zvikumbiro, uye kudzivirira. Madhipatimendi outano omunzvimbomo akapfura kuedzwa nokurongeka. Kubudirira kwemhinduro yacho kwakatsamira pakubatanidza mumwero yose.
  • [[FLT: 0] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  • Projects : Mari yomutero wegasi wenyika yeHighway Trust Fund, inoparadzira mari kumitengo nokuda kwamarongedzero omugwagwa nedzokufambisa. United States inoisa migariro mizhinji uye mari inowirirana nehurumende dzehurumende. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinozokwanisa kuvakwa, kuvigwa, uye kuvimbisana nzanga.

Uku kubatana kunoreva kuti chinjo yomuitiro pamwero mumwe inogona kuva nemiuyo inoparira. Somuenzaniso, mutemo wehurumende unoita kuti mbanje ive yapamutemo waizokurira zvirambidzo zvehurumende, asi masangano aizongodzorazve kutengeswa nokutera. Nenzira inopesana, chinjo dzeruramisiro youtsotsi yenzvimbo yehurumende dzinogona kuderedza zviverengero zvavagari vetorongo vehurumende kupfurikidza nechinjo mukutongera mutongo.

Kwokuisa Pabasa Rako Rouzivi

Kuziva kuti ihurumende ipi ine mutoro nokuda kweimwe nhau kunokubatsira kuronga zvaunoda. Kana uchinetseka nezvezvikomba, nyorera dare reguta rako. Kana uchida kuchinja nzira dzemari dzechikoro, porofiti yomutemo wehurumende. Kana uine hanya nokuchinja kwezvoutano hwenyika, iva neCongress naPrezidhendi. Vagari vemo vanobudirira vanodzidza kufamba zvakanaka mutsika yemitengo mizhinji uye vanoziva kuti kuchinja kunogara nguva dzose kunowanzoda chiito pamwero mukuru.

Chikonzero Nei Uku Kunzwisisa Kuchikosha Nokuda Kwokuziva Mugari Wemo

Kunzwisisa mabasa uye kubatana kwehurumende hakusi kungoziva chete zvinhu zvokufungidzira, asi kunobatsira pakukwanisa kwako kufurira vanhu vakakupoteredza.

Ita Zvisarudzo Zvinozivikanwa Nevamwe

Apo unonzwisisa mwero wehurumende unodzora icho, unogona kuyera vada kufunda nemwero yezvokuvhota panhau dzine chokuita newe. Mutsigiri wedare reguta angava netapuro pamuitiro wokugara nokugara mudzimba kwamapurisa; mutsigiri wagavhuna anoumba kutarisirwa kwoutano nedzidzo; mutezo weCongress uvhota pamitero nechengeteko yenzanga. Vhoti yako inova ine revoresa zvikuru apo unenge uchiziva icho hofisi imwe neimwe inogona kupa zvomenemene.

Vatsigiri Vanobudirira

Kunzwa nezvemari inotumirwa kukambani yehurumende yehurumende kuchaita kuti uwedzere kushandira zviri kuitwa nesangano rehurumende yehurumende, asi kupiwa kudhipatimendi repaki kungakurudzira. Kunzwisisa mubatanidzwa webasa kuchakubatsira kuronga mapfundo edzvinyiriro akakodzera.

3. Vavimbe Nevakuru Vakuru

Kana mugwagwa ukaramba usina kugadziriswa, imhosva yedhipatimendi rebasa rehurumende, sangano rokufambisa rinodzora mari, kana kuti hurumende yehurumende yemari inopa mari yezvivako zvinononoka, kuziva kuti ndiani ane mutoro anobvumira kuti uzvidavirire kuboka rakarurama, pabhokisi rebasa kana kuti kupfurikidza netsinhiro dzavose.

4. Kubatanidzwa Mukuita Zvisarudzo Zvenzanga

Hurumende yemo inowanzopa mikana yokupinda nayo muzvinhu zvinoda kuteererwa nevanhu vose, misangano yechikoro, kuronga masangano, uye mapurogiramu edare reguta anowanzozivikanwa nevanhu vose.

5 Nzwisisa Kuoma Kwakaita Mitemo

Apo unoona nhau pamusoro pechinjo yehurumende yehurumende, (somutezo mutsva wemamiriro okunze kana kuti mutemo wokutama) unogona kufunga kupfurikidza nezvinoreva nyika nemwero yomunzvimbomo. Ichada mitemo yehurumende here? Ichabvisa mari yehurumende here? Uyu murangariro wemacro-tokuro uchakubatsira kutanga mirangariro yakaziviswa ndokupinda muhurukuro yavose.

Kupedzisa: Kubatanidzwa Munzvimbo Dzose Kunovaka Utongi Hwose Hwakasimba Zvikuru

Kuchinja kwemitengo yakasiana - siana yehurumende paupenyu hwako kwakakura uye kazhinji kazhinji kusingaoneki kusvikira chinetso chamuka. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinoumba mhoteredzo yako yezuva nezuva() chengeteko yemigwagwa yako, kunaka kwezvikoro zvako, kudzorwa kwenzvimbo dzako. Hurumende dzinoronga gadziriro yapamutemo nokuda kwomukana wemari, kuwanikwa kwoutano, uye ruramisiro. Hurumende dzinorondedzera nhungamiro yerudzi pakuchengeteka, garikano yenzanga, uye kodzero. Mwero iyi haishandi musilos; inotsamira pairi, nemitemo inokwira pamusoro pezvoutano, uye yakaderera.

Kuvagari vemo, kunzwisisa iyi gadziriro yakavharwa ndiyo fandesheni yokutora rutivi kunobudirira. Inokupa simba rokuvhota nezivo, kutsigira noururami, kuita kuti vakuru vakuru vakarurama vazvidavirire, uye kupinda mune revo mumuitiro wedemocracy. Democracy haisi mutambo wezvokutsiva. Inoda vapindi vanoziva zvikuru pamwero uri wose. Kupfurikidza nokudzidza kuti hurumende inotapura sei upenyu hwako, unozvishongedza umene kuumba muuyo iwoyo nokuda kwezviri nani.

Nokuda kwokuraviwazve pamusoro pegadziriro yehurumende nebvumirano yavagari vemo, shanyira .gov’s nhungamiro kuhurumende yehurumende, nzvera U.S. Censuware Bureau yemijere yemari yehurumende [, uye ona [[FLT] White House of Management and Bactage’s short mipiro yemari yemari yehurumende [ nokuda kwokushandisa nzwisiso yomubatanidzwa. Kunzwisisa gadziriro ndiyo nhano yokutanga kukuitira basa nokuda kwako.