Nyika Yose Ine Kodzero Dzemvura Nokukwana

Kodzero dzemvura nokuwanikwa kwakaenzana kwemvura yakachena zvasara pakati pedenho dzinotambudza zvikurusa dzenguva yedu. Nepo kodzero yomunhu kumvura noutsanana yakazivikanwa zvakajeka neUnited Nations General Assembly muna 2010, mabhiriyoni avanhu achiri kushaiwa kugona kwakavimbika kuwana mvura yakachena. Kuwanikwa kwemvura hakuna kusiana; kwakadzika midzi mumiitiro yenhau yerusarurano, muganhu wemari, uye kubviswa kwezvamatongerwe enyika. Kutaura izvi wirirano kunoda kurangarirazve uko kodzero dzemvura dzinorondedzerwa, dzinogoverwa, uye kudzorwa munzanga dzose.

Kurondedzera Kodzero Dzemvura: Nyika Yepamutemo Netsika Yakaoma Kunzwisisa

Kodzero dzemvura dzinosarudza kuti ndiani angashandisa mvura kubva kumanyuko chaiwo, mumigariroi, uye nokuda kwei. Kodzero idzi dzinosiana zvikuru nenyika, nharaunda, uye gamuchidzanwa repamutemo. Mune dzimwe nyika, kodzero dzemvura dzinobatanidzwa nounini hwevhu; mune dzimwe, dzinodzorwa nehumwe hunotangira (“kutanga munguva, kutanga kurudyi”) kana kuti dzidziso dzinoshatisa. Mweya yetsika yakajeka: mvura inokosha nokuda kwoupenyu, bva pamutemo inowanzoibata sechinhu chemari pane kuvimba navanhu vose. Uku kuoma kwekodzero dzapachivande uye nhema dzakanaka kunobva pamwoyo womunhu.

Dzidziso Yavanhu Vose Nezvokuongorora Kwepachivande

Mudzidziso yavanhu vose, mvura inoitwa nehurumende nokuda kwebetserwo yavagari vemo vose. Zvisinei, nyika zhinji dzine gadziriro dzapamutemo dzinobvumira masangano ane simba okurima kwemigodhi, makambani emigodhi, kana kuti maruwa akapfuma(kutora nokudzora zviwanikwa zvemvura, kusiya mapoka akaiswa mugwenga nemigove isina kukwana kana kuti yakashatiswa. Somuenzaniso, muUnited States yokumadokero, kodzero dzekushandira hurumende dzakada mune zvenhau dzakadiwa mune zvekurima makuru mune zveIncounzi nenzanga dzomumaruwa. Mitevedzero yakafanana inooneka mumatunhu eAfrica neAsia umo mitemo yemvura ichiri kudzora kugoverwa.

Zvisakiso Zvikuru Zvemhatsa Mukuwana Mvura

Kusawirirana mumvura haisati iri nhau yokungova bedzi nejira renyika kana kuti mhepo. Inobudiswa nokusimbiswa nekusaenzana kwemisiyano. Kunzwisisa izvi zvisakiso zvinokosha mukugadzira kupindira kunobudirira.

Kuregeredza uye Kusarurana Munhau

Nzanga dzakawanda dzemavara, mapoka enzvimbo dzinogara, uye zviverengero zvezviwanikwa zviduku zvakabviswa nenzira yakarongwa mumitengo yemari inogadzirwa nemvura. MuUnited States, kudzosa magetsi uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzokupa misha dzinobatanidza zvakananga gadziriro dzemvura mumitemo yemanisiparati muBlack neHispanic. Nzanga dzimwe chetedzo zvino dzinotarisana nemwero yakakwirira yeshatiso yomutobvu, mavhari emvura inovira, uye basa rinovharwa. Nyika dzose kazhinji kazhinji, IDhio dzinova norveswo dzinoshaiwa kuzivikanwa kwapamutemo kwekodzero dzemvura, zvichibvumira maindasiparati anotora misha inoshaniswa kupedza kana kuti kushatisa manyuko omunzvimbomo nokushambadza.

Zvipingamupinyi Zvemari Nemisiyano Yezvisakiso

Kunyange apo mvura inowanika mumuviri, mutengo webatano, kurapa, uye kuparadzirwa zvinogona kuva zvisingabvumiki. Mhuri dzinowana mari shoma dzingapedza mugove mukuru wemari yadzo pamvura, kuchitungamirira kumabhirikiti asingabhadharwi nokubuda. Mumaruwa enyika dzichiri kubudirira, kusavapo kwesimba repfuma rezviwiriranwa navakadzi vanofamba madaro marefu kuti vatore mvura, kusimudzira kuderera kwevarombo nevarume nevarume. World Health Organization inofungidzira kuti vanhu 2 bhirioni vanoshandisa manyuko emvura yakashatswa nokushambadzwa, ichisimbisa kubatana kwakananga pakati pezvikamu zvemari nenjodzi dzoutano.

Kudavira Zvepamutemo Nekodzero Dzisingazivikanwi

Mumativi akawanda enyika, kodzero dzemvura dzetsika dzakadzikwa mugadziriro dzetsika dzehurumende nedzinotonga. Kana gadziriro dzemitemo dzorudzi dzikakundikana kuziva idzi kodzero dzetsika, nzanga dzose dzinogona kunzi dzisingaoneki muzvisarudzo zvokutarisira mvura. Ikoku kwakakomba zvikuru nokuda kwamapoka emafudzi, vanhu vemo, uye varimi vaduku vanotsamira pagadziriro dzemasanga asi dzapamutemo. Pasina kuzivikanwa kwapamutemo, idzi nzanga hadzina kumira kukwikwikwidzana nokushatiswa kana kuti kuvhinyiwa navatambi vane simba zvikuru.

Fundo Dzenhau Dzinopedza Nhamo Yacho

Mienzaniso inotevera inoratidza kuti kusaenzana kuri kuitika uye kuti nzanga dziri kurwisa sei.

Flint, Michigan: Kukundikana Kwechivimbo Chavose

Njodzi yemvura yakatanga muna 2014 apo guta rakachinjira manyuko aro emvura kuRwizi rweFlint kuti richengetedze mari. Mvura yomurwizi yakanga ichiparadza zvikuru uye yaitsvedzerwa mutobvu kubva kupombi dzinokwegura, ichishatisa mugove wokunwa wevagari vanenge 100 000. Njodzi yakatapura zvikuru nzanga yeBlack, inotapukira. Vakuru vakuru vehurumende nemwero yemo vaiziva pamusoro penjodzi asi vakakundikana kuita chiito kwemwedzi. Koronic commotions yakapa vakuru vakuru vakuru vakuru, asi chidzidzo chikuru pamusoro pokuregeredzwa kwemitengwa kwenzanga dzakaderedzwa. Flin’s mvura ichiri kutsiviwa, uye vagari vakawanda vanoramba vasingavimbi mvura makore gare gare gare gare gare. [FLD:]

Nzanga Dzinorwira Uchangamire Hwemvura

Kubva kuNavajo Nyika muUnited States kusvikira kuMāori muAotearoa New Zealand, vanhu vakaberekerwamo vari pamberi parwisano dzekodzero dzemvura. muUnited States, 40% yavanhu vanogara panzvimbo dzeNative American vanofungidzirwa kuva vagari vemo havana kugona kuwana mvura yakachena kana kuti utsanana hwakakwana (kukwira zvikuru kupfuura avhareji yerudzi. Kurwa kwemitemo pamusoro pekodzero dzemvura kwakakwirira kwamakumi amakore, ndudzi kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji dzinomanikidzirwa kukurukura panzvimbo yeutera. Chitendero cheShok Siok Chechi yeOccox chinorwisana neDakota Auccoucline muna 2016-2017 chakakweva nengwara ngwariro kunyika yose kumhara yekodzero dzemvura, uchangamire hwedzinza, uye ruramisiro. [FG.][F.0]

Migariro Yamaruwa muSub - Saharan Africa

Munzvimbo dzakawanda dzomumaruwa dzeAfrica, mvura inowanikwa inorondedzerwa nedaro, chirume, uye mwaka. Vakadzi navasikana vanotakura mutoro mukuru wezviunganidzwa zvemvura, kazhinji kazhinji vanopedza maawa zuva rimwe nerimwe vachifamba vachienda kumatsime ari kure. Nguva inotambira kudzivirira vasikana kupinda chikoro navakadzi kuti vasapinda mumabasa anodzoresa mari. Mukati mekusanaya kwemvura, manyuko aripo anooma, uye makwikwikwi okuwedzera mvura, pane dzimwe nguva anoparira kusawirirana. Masangano emvura anochengetedzwa munyika yose akavimbisa kuti vapi vanotsigirwa nedzidzo yemari nedzidzo yemichina, asi kufambika kunoramba kuri denho. pepanhau reWorld Health ST] Comment Health Organization pamusoro pokunwa mvura

Zvirongwa Zvepamutemo Nezvemitemo

Kutsigira kubatana mukuwana mvura kunoda kuchinja zvinhu zviri pamutemo uye zvemitemo pamwero yakasiyana - siyana(panyika yose), nyika, uye nzvimbo.

Kodzero Yomunhu Kumvura Nokuchena

Chibatanwa chaMarudzi hachisi kuderedza kodzero dzevanhu yemvura noutsanana muna 2010. Chinomanikidza nyika kuti dzirambe dzichiziva kuti mvura yakachengeteka, yakakwana, yakakwana, uye inowanika mumuviri kuti ishandiswe. Zvisinei, kodzero haifaniri kuzviparadza; inoda kutevedzerwa nomutemo werudzi, kutarisirwa, uye kuzvidavirira. Nyika dzakadai seSouth Africa dzakabatanidza kodzero yemitemo yavo, nepo vamwe vakapfuudza mabasa emvura akananga.

Kutama Kwakanaka

Mitemo yenzvimbo dzinogara dzinoisa nharaunda dzine ngozi dzinogona kuderedza kusawirirana. Somuenzaniso, Gwaro reMazi reSouth Africa rinoraira mvura yapachena kumhuri dzine urombo, uye National Water Act inosimudzira mugove unowirirana kupfurikidza negadziriro inoisa pachena zvinodikanwa zvemapoka anotadza enhau. MuChile, mutengesi wekodzero dzemvura wakatangwa muhurumende yehondo, zvichitungamirira kukuisa nokufungidzira. Zvinjo dzakatevera dzakatanga kutangwa nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa maruramiro emvura emunhu okunwa nokukodzera mhoteredzo, kunyange zvazvo mhindu dzemitengo dzinoramba dziri dzisina kusimba. Mapulitemist anofanira kuisa mitemo inotsa kutsa chiverengero chiduku chemvura nokuda kwezvinodikanwa zvikuru zvavanhu pamberi pokubvumira kutengeserana kana kuti mabasa enzvimbo dzamabasa okugadzirwa kwezvinhu.

Kusimbisa Vagari vomuNzanga

Kunyora hakugoni kuitwa pasina kutora rutivi kune revo kwenzanga dzinotapurwa muhurumende yemvura. Ikoku kunobatanidza kwete bedzi kubvunza asi kugadzirawo simba remvura. Vadzori vemvura venzanga, umo vashandisi vomunzvimbomo vane chiremera pamusoro pegadziriro, pokuisa, uye chisarudzo chenharo, zvakaratidzwa kuvandudza zvose zviri zviviri kushanda zvakanaka nekusaruramisira. MuBolivia, “Water War” muCochabamba muna 2000 / a kumukira kwakakurumbira mukurwisana nePritation of the Casiparation of the yechiactive. /kuwedzera simba rechiito cheboka. Muteshinisitiro wehurumende wapa nzanga basa rapamutemo mukutarisira mvura, kunyange zvazvo zvinetso zvichipfuurira. Masangano emitemo anofanira kuraira kuti mapoka anogara patafura mumabumbiro emvura, mabhotimendime, uye masangano ezvokudzora.

Kururamisira Zvakatipoteredza uye Zvinoitwa Nokuchinja Kwemamiriro Okunze

Mvura inongofanana neruramisiro yemhoteredzo. Nzanga dzinouya shoma nenzanga dzeruvara dzine njodzi dzemhoteredzo dzakawanda, kubatanidza kuva mumvura yakasvibiswa uye kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze. Kuziva mhesano idzi kunokosha pakugadzirisa zvinhu.

Kuchinja Kwemamiriro Okunze Sengozi Yakawanda

Kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kunowedzera kushaikwa kwemvura uye kusatsarukana, kuchitapura nenzira isingaenzaniswi avo vane pfuma shomanene zvikuru kuti vachinjire. Kusanaya kwemvura kwenguva refu, mafashamo anopenya, uye mwero wegungwa unokwira zvinoshatisa mvura nokuvapo. MuNyika yose yeSouth, varimi vaduku navanofudza vari kurasikirwa namanyuko emvura, nepo mumaguta, mafungu okupisa uye upfumi hwakawanda zvinorema. Dambudziko reCovid-19 rakasimbisa kukurumidza kwemvura yakavimbika yokugeza maoko, bva mamiriyoni akasiyiwa pasina kunyange chinodikanwa ichi chinokosha. Kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kunofanira kubatanidza vavariro dzakaita sekuvimbisa kuti kugadzirwa kwemari kunobetsera kubetsera mberi kwenzanga kubetsera upfumi kunobetsera vanhu vokutanga.

Kushatiswa Kweutano Nekusawirirana

Kushatiswa kwemvura hakuparadzirwi zvakada kuenzana. MuUnited States, pfungwa ye “urudzi rwemarudzi” inorondedzera kuti rudzi ndicho chiratidzo chakasimba zvikuru chenzvimbo dzine utachiona. MuCentral Valley yeCalifornia, dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika dzinobudirira zvikurusa dzinovakwa nemvura yapasi yakasvibiswa nenitrates, inotapura mvura yokunwa yevashandi vepapurazi nemhuri dzavo. Migumisiro yeutano inobva kuchirwere chemazamu echisvo chematsunai kusvika kumigariro isingaperi sekenza nekuvadziko dzetsinga. Kushatisa kunoda kuchengetwa kwakasimba kwemitemo yemvura yakachena, sokutengwa kwemariso mumvura yapasi yakashaniswa nemvura yepasi pano nokuda kwezviwiso.

Mhinduro Dzitsva Nezvikamu Zvitsva Zvenzanga

Nepo kuchinja kwegadziriro yezvinhu kuri madikanwa, kunewo midzi youswa yetsva nemishonga yeruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu izvo zvinoratidzira icho kutarisirwa kwemvura kwakarongeka kunogona kuratidzika kuva kwakaita.

Kutarisirwa kwemvura kweNzanga

Kubva kumaruwa Tanzania kusvikira kumasangano eguta eBrazil, kutarisirwa kwemvura yakagadzirwa nenzanga kwakabvumikisa kuva kunobudirira mukubatanidza musiyano pakati pamasangano echirongwa nezvinodikanwa zvomunzvimbomo. Uku kuronga kunowanzobatanidza matare emvura anounganidza mitero youshandisi, mamiriro ezvinhu ezvokugara, uye kutaurirana namasangano okunze. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinosanganisira kutarisirwa kwemari, kurovedza kwounyanzvi, uye kuzivikanwa nezviremera zvehurumende. N] SOUNI inopa fundo nepfuma pamasangano emvura anofambiswa nenzanga.[[FT]

Ruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu

Zvetechnoloji zvinotengwa zvishoma zvakadai semichina inogadzirwa nemagetsi, pombi dzinoshandiswa nesimba rezuva, uye kuvhura kwemifungo zvinogona kuvandudza kuwanikwa kwemvura uye kunaka munzvimbo dzinopoteredza. Mitemo yemotokari inoita kuti mhuri dzikwanise kutenga mvura mumitengo miduku, isingatengeki. Zvisinei, ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu rwoga harusi mushonga; runofanira kuiswa mumitemo inotsigira uye nzanga inodzora. Somuenzaniso, maturusi okurapa nemvura anogona kuderedza hosha dzinokonzerwa nemvura, asi simba rawo rinoganhurirwa kana mhuri dzisingagoni kutenga zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira zvinhu zvinogadzirwa kana kuti kuchengetedzwa kwomunzvimbomo kusingawaniki. Kugadzirwa kweruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu kunofanira kudiwa kuti zviitwe zvakanaka, kugadzirwa kwenzvimbo yenzvimbo yogaro, uye kutsigirwa.

Simba Repamutemo Nokunyengedzwa

Kupiwa simba kwapamutemo munzanga kwave kuri chishandiso chine simba nokuda kwokufambira mberi kwemvura. Masangano asingapinduri purofiti namafemu emitemo anoshandisa rondedzero yemitemo kumanikidza hurumende kuti dziite maererano nemisengwa yekodzero dzemvura. MuSouth Africa, nhau ye Mazibuko v. Guta reJohannesburg[ rakabata nokusawirirana kwemvura yakasununguka, uye nepo Dare reMitemoni pakupedzisira risina kuraira uwandu hwakati, nhau yacho yakagadza mipimo inokosha pamusoro peprocrablevation nerorition. MuIndia, Rurado kurudyi rwemvura rwakazivikanwa sorutivi rwakarurama kuupenyu pasi peChikamu 21 chebumbiro remitemo, kutungamirira kuronga hurumende kuti igove mvura.

Mugumisiro: Nezvenguva Yemberi Yemvura Yakarurama

Kuwana mvura kwakaenzana hakusi chinetso chetsika nechezvamatongerwe enyika. Kupesana mukodzero dzemvura nokuwana kunorondedzerwa munyaya ino mugumisiro wezvisarudzo, kwete kutadza kuchengetedza. Nokusimbisa kudzivirira kwapamutemo, kuisa mugadziriro dzenzanga dzinoshandiswa, kupa simba rokutonga kwomunzvimbomo, uye kudzora kunoitwa nemasimba anobatana edzinza remhoteredzo nemamiriro okunze, nzanga dzinogona kutamira kune remangwana apo mvura inonyatsotsigira vanhu vose. Munhu wose, pasinei zvapo nenzvimbo, pasinei zvapo nechero kwaapo, mari, kana kuti nzvimbo, anofanirwa nenzvimbo yakachena, inotengwa, inovimbwa, uye mvura. Kuwana kuti chiono chinoda kuzvipira kunotsigirwa nehurumende, nzanga, uye masangano enyika, uye kudikaro kumanzwi aavo vave vari munyika dzose.