India yakachinjwa zvikuru mukugadzirwa kwebasa ravose kupfurikidza nenhevedzano yenhevedzo dzezvirongwa zvemichina zvine donzo. Zvirongwa izvi, zvichisundwa nechiono kuita kuti mabasa ehurumende ave anowanika zvikuru, anojeka, uye anoshanda zvakanaka, zvakarondedzerazve kuti vagari vemo vanobata sei nehurumende. Kubva pakuziva kugadzirwa kwemashandiro ezvinhu zvipenyu kusvika pakugonesa kubhadhara mari inongokurumidza uye kujekeswa kwepepa, mamiriro ezvinhu ezvokudzora muIndia zvino anotapura upenyu hwevanhu vanopfuura 1.4 bhiriyo, zvinetso, uye nguva yemberi, zvichipa kuongororwa kune udzame kwebasa ravo mukutungamirira paruzhinji kwazvino uno.

Hwaro Hwoutongi Hwezvitayera muIndia

Kudzora kwamagetsi muIndia hakusati kuri chinhu chenguva pfupi yapfuura. Chinovambira kunguva ino kusvikira kumugumo we 1990 negadziriro dzapakuvamba dzeE-governance dzakafanana neDistrict Information System (DISNIC) nokutangwa kweNational Informatics Centre (NIC). Zvisinei, nhanho chaiyo yakasvika pashure pa2014 nokutanga kwe purogiramu yeDigital yeIndia [[ , iyo yakagovera gadziriro inobatira kuti igadzirise mibato yehurumende, ivandudza kubatana, uye kusimudzira kurava nokunyora namanani. Nhanho dzokushandura India kuva nzanga yakasimbiswa neruzivo rwemitengo neruzivo rwemari kupfurikidza nokukamura shambadzira mitauro uye mabasa anowanika munguva chaiyoiyo.

Uzivi hunotsigira kuchinja uku huri pambiru nhatu: shomeka seyakaita seyamuro kuvagari vemo vose , ungwaru namabasa pakudiwa [, uye [FLT] kupiwa simba kwavagari vemo [[FLT:]. Kubatanidza zvikamu zvakafanana naAadhaar (zizivikanwo), migwagwa yakafara, uye kushandirwa kwokutanga, hurumende yakaparira nzanga inoderedza kunonoka kwechiito nemutevedzero.

Kutanga Kutungamirira Kunoita Mitauro

India̱ inodzorwa nezvitaera ine musengwa wezvikuva zvinotakura ngarava dzinofamba nengarava, chimwe nechimwe chichinanga mativi akananga okutakura basa. Pasi apa ndidzo dzinotapura zvikurusa.

India

Yatangwa muna July 2015, Detal India ipurogiramu yeamburera inobatanidza zvirongwa zvakawanda nemabasa. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinobatanidza kuumbwa kwe National e-Governance Plan (NeGP)[[FL:1], kuumbwa kwenzvimbo dzinoshandiswa nevamwe vose (CSC) mumisha, uye kukura kwemabhandi okubatanidza pasi peBharatapet Net. Sezvinenge 2024, zvitsama zvitsama zvemichina zvinogovera kunzvimbo dzomumaruwa, mapendi, matare, uye mari inoshandira. Purogiramu yacho yave iri purogiramu inochinja kubva kumapepa kuenda kubasarusa, inoderedza nguva inosvika 40%.

Digi Locker

DigiLocker inzvimbo yakavakirwa pamakore inogonesa vagari vemo kuchengeta, kugoverana, uye kuyera magwaro emitauro. Nokubvisa kudikanwa kwamakopi omuviri, yakaderedza mativi okutarisira pamusoro pavose vari vaviri vagari vemo namasangano. Yatangwa muna 2016, Digi Locker zvino ine zvinyorwa zvapamutemo zvinopfuura mabhiriyoni matanhatu. Inobatanidza nezvinyorwa zvehurumende zvakawanda, kubvumira kuva nechokwadi chapakufambisa marezereze okutyaira, rugwaro rwokubereka, chiratidzo chepepa, uye zvakawanda. Ikoku kunoderedza kubiridzira nokuendesa basa munharaunda dzakadai sokunyoresa motokari, mafomu okunyoresa, uye zvikoro zvokupinda. ([FLT:]] DigiOclear , dioparder , [FFFFF]])

UMANG AP

UMANG (Imichina Isina kuiswa Mitemo yeChirongwa cheMuchina weNew-General) app inogovera kusvika kwamabasa anopfuura 1 200 ehurumende kubva pawiricheya imwe chete. Marudzi akadai sedzidzo, utano, mari, uye magiramu, app inobvumira vanoshandisa kukumbira zvirongwa, mafomu okunyora, uye kubhadhara. Inotsigira mitauro 13 yeIndia uye inoshanda mhiri kwamaIOS, Android, uye foni dzinoshandiswa pachishandiswa USD.UMING dzave dzatepwaidzwa kanopfuura mamirioni 100, zvichiratidza kudiwa kwokutumira basa.

BHIMI UPI

Nepo zvikurukuru chishandiso chemari, BHIM UPII (Masangano apamutemo) yakachinja nzira iyo vagari vemo vanoripira nayo mitero, mitero, uye mari yemitengo yemari kumasangano ehurumende. Yakakudziridzwa neNational Ppecious Corporation of India (NPCI), UPI yakabatanidza kutengeserana kunopfuura mabhiriyoni 10 pamwedzi muna 2023. Masuo ehurumende akabatanidzwa neUPUPI anoita kuti mari ishaye mari yechinhu chiri chose kubva pamutero wemari yomutero wemvura, kuderedza kutarisirwa kwemari nokuwedzerwa mitero. Chikuva chakawedzerwawo kubatanidza e-RUPI, gadziriro isingapindwi mari yebetsero yemari yebetsero yeutano yehurumende negarikamo.

Aadhaar nee-KYC

Aadhaar, gadziriro yamadhigineti 12 yemichina ikokutungamirira kwemichina mizhinjisa. Nezvirongwa zvemichina zvinopfuura mabhiriyoni 1,3, inogovera chizivikanwo chakasiyana chinogonesa Beneficial Foundation (DBT), chinobvisa kutenderwazve, uye masimba e-KYC (Gengeze kuziva Mutengi Wako). Izvi zvakaponesa hurumende mabhiriyoni emadhora kupfurikidza nokubvisa mazai emari mugovero akaderera nokuda kwezvokudya, fekita, uye LPG. Aadhaar-set revolution zvino zvino kushandiswa nokuda kwokupinda mumahofisi ehurumende, kubvisa penje, uye zvakawanda.

Ndakapiwa Zana Rokugadzira Matanda

Gov iboka rezvibvumirano zvevagari vemo rinobvumira vanhu kutora rutivi mukurukurirano dzemitemo, kugoverana pfungwa, uye kugovera mhinduro. Yakabatanidza zviuru zvekurukurirano pamusoro penhau dzinovambira pamagadzirirwo eguta akachenjera kusvikira kumiitiro yedzidzo. Kupfurikidza nokubatanidza mubatanidzwa wakananga wevagari mugadziriro yemitemo, My Gov inosimbisa kutora rutivi kwehurumende yedemocracy uye inowedzera kugamuchira mabasa avose.

Kubatsira Pakutakura Vana Mubasa Rinoitwa Nevanhu Vose

Kuwedzera kwezvirongwa izvi kwave kuri kuvandudza kukuru mukumhanya, kusvika, uye kuenzana kwemabasa anoitwa nevanhu vose.

Kuwanwa Nokuzivana

Kudzora kwamagetsi kwakatambanudzirwa mabasa kuvagari vemo vasati vaitwa. Kupfurikidza neCSC neapps dzeserura, murimi mumusha uri kure zvino anogona kukumbira chikwereti chezvirimwa, mishumo yemamiriro okunze, kana kuti kuwana gwaro rokubereka pasina kuenda kudzimbahwe reruwa. UMANG app ne DigiLocker zvinowanika kunyange munzvimbo dzakaderera, kuvimbisa kuti mabasa emichina haaganhurirwi kunzvimbo dzomumaguta. Kubvira muna 2023, 90% wemisha yeIndia ane wirirano yemichina yemabharakifafai yeBharat Net, iri kupfuurira kuva muwanza wezvisaririra.

Kukwanisa Nokuona Zvinhu Zvakajeka

Kugadzirwa kwegadziriro yakaderedza zvikuru nguva. Somuenzaniso, gadziriro yee-Office, iyo inoronga kufamba kwemafashoni efaira mukati memitemo, yakaderedza nguva inochekedzerwa yefaundi nguva pavhiki nemazuva. Indaneti parti yakaita kuti zvive nyore kuvagari kuti vakumbire mashoko, uye Public Financial Management System (PFMS) igone kugadzira nhepfekedzo chaiyo yemari inotepfekedza. Idzi purogiramu dzinogadzira nzira yokuongorora inodzivisa uori uye inoita kuti uoridzere.

Maererano nomushumo wa2022 unoitwa neNITI Ayayog, kupindira kwemitemo kwakatungamirira kuavhareji ye 30-50% yenguva yokugadzirira nokuda kwemabasa anozivikanwa navose akadai sepasipoti nenyoreswa kwezvinhu. ( NITIAyag Digitance Goverliance Report 202[FL:1])

Kuderedza Uori

Kupfurikidza nokuderedza kungwarira kwavanhu mukufambiswa kwebasa, gadziriro dzemichina dzakaderedza mikana yokushandisa chiokomuhomwe nokutsvaka rendi. Beneficial Foundation (DBT) ichishandisa Aadhaar kusimbisa kwakabvisa vabatsiri vokwavo ndokuponesa hurumende inofungidzirwa kuva 761.8 lakh crore (mabhiriyoni $24) pakati pa2014 na20222. Nenzira yakafanana, kupiwa kwepurogiramu yepaIndaneti yokunzvera zvinyorwa zvemirayiridzo nemagwaro emotokari zvinotenderwa nemotokari (g., mari nemagwaro epadhindikisi) zvakaderedza kudikanwa kwevarwi vemichina yeReparency International India yakawana kuti vashandisi vemichina yemichina yemari inoshuwa yakashuma zvikuru kushatsa mitongo inodzo inodzo inodzorwa zvikuru kuoneka nokutsamira pamichina inoshanda.

Simba Rovagari Vomunyika

Zvikuva zvemichina zvinopa vagari vemo udzori hukuru pamusoro pebatano yavo nehurumende. Masuo ebasa anozvishandisa anobvumira vashandisi kuronga kuronga, kuisa mapepa, uye nzvimbo yokuona zvinhu munguva chaiyo. Chikuva cheMy Gov chinogonesa kurukurirano yakananga navagadziri vemitemo, nepo kubatanidzwa kwenzanga kunobvumira zvichemo kukura pachena. Vakadzi zvikurukuru vakabetserwa: mapurogiramu okudzidza kuverenga nemiraundi pasi pegadziriro yeCommon Service Centre zvakarovedza mamiriyoni avakadzi vomumaruwa kushandisa maeces, zvichivandudza kuzvimirira kwavo mune zvemari.

Kutapura Kwemari Nekwemari

Chinjo kumitero yemitengo yakava netapuro yemari inoparirwa. Kutenga kwakavakirwa pamitengo kwakaderedza ndyiko yokutarisira mari nokuda kwamapato ehurumende nokuwedzera kutera mitero. GST inetendi, yakavakirwa pamitero yemitauro, yakawedzera mutero kupfurikidza nokuita kuti mabhizimisi aichimbova asina kurongwa. Fundo yeWorld Bank ive inofungidzira kuti nhano dzemitemo yeIndia dzinogona kuwedzera 0.5.10% kukura kweGDP gore negore kupfurikidza nokuwana zvakanaka nokubvisa. Bank World mushumo paIndiya yeIn

Zvinetso Nemhinganidzo

Pasinei nokufambira mberi kunonakidza, zvipingamupinyi zvikuru zvasara. zvinetso izvi zvinofanira kugadzirirwa kuva nechokwadi chokuti kudzora kwemichina kunosvika pakukwanisa kwako kwose.

Kuparadzana Kwemadhigirii

Mitemo yemichina yeIndia, nepo ichikura, haiwirirani. Muna 2024, inenge 55% bedzi yemhuri dzomumaruwa yaikwanisa kupinda paIndaneti kana ichienzaniswa ne80% munharaunda dzomumaguta. Miganhu yemitauro, kurava nokunyora mitauro, uye kushaikwa kwemidziyo inotengwa munyika dzine urombo zvinobatanidza muganhu. Vakwegura navanhu vakaremara kazhinji kazhinji havawani wirirano. Kana vakasiyiwa vasina mafoni, kukamukana kwemitengo kwaigona kubvisa kusaenzana kuripo, kusiya mapoka akaganhurirwa.

Kuva Wega Kwemashoko uye Kuchengeteka

Kuiswa kwemashoko evagari vomunyika mumitemo yakadai saAadhaar naDigi Locker kunomutsa funganyo dzapamutemo pamusoro pokunzverwa, kuputswa kwemikoto yenhau, uye kushandiswa zvisina kufanira. India haina mutemo wedziviriro yemitemo wakawanda (Mutemo weInternational Personal Texation 2023 wakapfuudzwa asi mashandisiro azvo akasvinwa asara). Kuburitswa kwemashoko kwakakwirira kwemashoko eAadhaar kwakaderedza chivimbo. Nepo hurumende inoomerera kuti masangano akachengeteka, vatsoropote vanoramba kuti kutarisira kwakasimba kuri madikanwa kudzivirira rusununguko rwevagari vemo.

Mikaha Yezvirongwa

Nzvimbo zhinji dzomumaruwa dzichiri kutarisana nokugoverwa kwesimba rinochinja-chinja uye kusafambiswa zvakanaka kwemakombiyuta kunodzivisa kushandiswa kwemichina inoshandisika. Basa reBharatNet, kunyange zvazvo rine gwinyiro, rakatarisana nokunonoka nokudhura. Kuwedzera, simba revashandi vepashure kazhinji kazhinji rinobatira mukudiwa kukuru, sezvinoonekwa mukati mokutanga kwegadziriro dzepakati. Kuwedzera kwemari muhardware, brandwid, uye gadziriro dzokuchengeta zvinhu zvinokosha kunokosha.

Kuvaka Kwacho uye Kudzidza Nemadhigirii

Vakuru vakuru vehurumende panzvimbo yapamberi kazhinji kazhinji vanoshaiwa rovedzo yokushandisa gadziriro itsva nenzira inobudirira. Kudzivisa kuchinja, kwakabatanidzwa nokutya kurasikirwa nebasa, kunogona kunonotsa kugamuchirwa. Nenzira yakafanana, chikamu chinokosha chavagari vemo chinoramba chisingadzidziswi mumitauro. Pradhan Mantartari Gramin Saksharta Abhiyan (PMGDHISA) yakarovedza vagari vomumaruwa vanopfuura mamirioni 60, asi chipfuro chokuita kuti 60 vagone kurava nokunyora nokunyora kwemichina chitsauko chakangopedzwa bedzi.

Mutengesi Anokomberedza uye Anobatira Pamwe

Approgiramu dzakawanda dzekushandisa mamiriro ezvinhu eAPI dzinovakwa sedzinogadzirwa nevatengesi vakasiyana - siyana, zvichitungamirira kunhau dzinobatanidza. Mugari angada kupinda mumahotera akawanda akasiyana, rimwe nerimwe rine nzira dzokusimbisa dzakasiana. Kushaikwa kwewirirano yeAPI inodzongonyedza kugoverana uye inoita kuti mashoko ashandiswe. Nhetete yeIndianprise Architecture (Indea) ivavariro yokuita kuti mitemo ive yakaenzana asi haina kugamuchirwa zvizere mumasangano ose namasangano.

Nhungamiro Nezvikarakadzo Zvomunguva Yemberi

Ichitarira mberi, India inofanira kushandisa nzira ine zvakawanda yokutsigira simba ndokugadzirisa zvinetso zviri kumuka.

Kudzora Kukamuraniswa Kwemadhigirii

Kusvika kunotanhamarika ndicho chinhu chokutanga. Kufutunura mahomwe avanhu vose aipisa Wi-Fi (sokunge pasi pegadziriro yePMS-WANI), kugovera mafoni akaderera nokuda kwedzimba dzinowana mari, uye kutanga mitoo yeapp inoshanda pasina kombiyuta inogona kubatsira. Tsigiro yomutauro yemogaro inofanira kupiwa pamutemo nokuda kwehurumende yose inodzorwa nezvikumbaridzo zvokushandisa. Purogiramu dzetsika dzekudzidza, sezvinobvira dzinobatanidzwa muchikoro nenzvimbo dzechikoro dzemasangano eaganwadi, dzinogona kukurumidzisa kugamuchirwa pakati pemapoka asingagoni kukuvadzwa.

Kusimbisa Kuchengeteka Nokuva Ndoga

India inoda nokukurumidza kushanda gadziriro yemajere yakasimba yedziviriro yemajere nemiitiro yakajeka yokubvuma, mitemo yemaidi omunzvimbomo, uye mudzori akazvimirira. Kunzvera kwenhambo nenhambo kwezvikamu zvose zvemitauro zvehurumende zvinofanira kuitwa kuti zviitwe zviri madikanwa. Vagari vemo vanofanira kuva nokuwana kuri nyore kuratidzira mashandisirwe emashoko avo. Murangariro we data vimbanyo yechikamu [ inogona kugadzirirwa nokuda kwezvishandiso zvehurumende, yakafanana negadziriro yokutarisira kuchengeteka yechikwa

Kufema Uchenjeri Hunogadzirwa Negadziriro Inosanganisa

AI inogona kudzora michina inopfuura yemitengo: kurukurirano nokuda kwokutsiva chichemo, kufanotaura kuraira nokuda kwoutano hwavanhu vose, uye kugadzirwa kwomutauro womuzvarirwo nokuda kwebasa remitauro yakawanda. “AIWA Nhevedzo yavose” uye kukarakadzwa kweNational AI Portal kunoratidzira kudisa. Zvisinei, kudzivirira kwetsika kunofanira kuvakwa kuti kudzivise shanje yemitemo uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti utarisiri hwavanhu muzvisarudzo zvine chokuita nekodzero dzavagari vemo.

Kusimudzira Kushandira Pamwe Kwevanhu (PPP)

Ukuru hwekudzora kwemitemo kunoda kubatira pamwe neboka ravanhu nokuda kwokutangwa nokupfuudzwa kwokupedzisira. Chiteshi cheBasa rePP. Kukudza batano dzakadaro nokuda kwegadziriro dzenzvimbo dzegore, kukura kwounyanzvi, uye kudzorwa kwemichina kunogona kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka pasina kuremedza remasvetukeri. Zvikwaniriso zvakajeka uye kuzvidavirira zvinodikanwa kudzivirira fariro dzevagari vemo.

Kubatanidza Kushanda Pamwe Nechinoitika Chomushandi

Hurumende inofanira kukurumidza kugamuchirwa kweIndia Enterprise Architecture (IndeA) ndokusundira nokuda kwebasa rakavakirwa panyuko yakabatana yakavakirwa paupenyu (muchirevo, chikuva chimwe nokuda kwebasa rokuberekwa kusvikira kurufu). Kushandiswa kweAPI nokugamuchirwa kwokuzivikanwa kwakaiswa (nomushandisi) kunogona kugonesa ruzivo rwokuzviwanira rusina kunyorwa. rupinduro rwechinjo [ nokuedza kwomuzvarirwo uye michina yokuisa chiratidzo kuchabetsera kuchengeta mashandiro enguva dzose.

mhedziso

Nhambo yemichina yeIndia yakatoita kuti pave nevandudziko huru mukufambiswa kwebasa ravose, kubva pakugadzirwa nokukurumidza kusvika pakuderedza uori nokupinda kwakafara. Nhanho pasi peIndiya, dzinotsigirwa nezvikuva zvakadai seAadhaar, Digi Locker, uye UPI, dzakaita fandesheni yakasimba. Zvisinei, kuchinja kwacho hakuna kukwana. Kuvimbisa kuti hapana mugari wemo akasara, hurumende inofanira kutaura zvakasimba nezvemadhigirii, kusimbisa kudzivirira kwamashoko, kuvandudza zvinhu, uye kuisa mari mumichina yokudzidza. Nokuzvipira uye kuvandudza michina, kudzora kwemitengo, kugona kuva ikona yechinhu chakajeka, uye inoshanda, uye kupfuurira munyika yeIndia.