Kutanga: Kusapindirana Kwemutemo Weroorano uye Kurongwa Kwenzanga

Chinjo mumutemo weroorano hadziiti muchadenga. Kuvambira pamasuo okusakwaniswa ebasa renzanga negadziriro dzegarikano. Kusvika pakushanda kwebetsero yavose kusvikira kunzvero yemisengwa yokutsigira vana, rondedzero dzapamutemo dzechimiro cheroorano idzo dzinokwanirisa zvakananga kutsigira, kuti mari inoparadzirwa sei, uye kana mambure okudzivirira anoramba achisakaenzana. Mumakumi maviri amakore apfuura, miraudzo yechiratidzo nemirairo yemitemo zvokudzora. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinobetsera mutevedzero yenyika yose yeroorano, gadziridzo kuzvinodikanwa zveroorano zvezera reroorano, uye rondedzero dzebasa renzanga dzinomanikidzirwa kugadziridza miitiro yavo yenzanga, kuvandudza miganhuro yavo yokutakura zvinhu, uye kurangarira mipimo mipimo mirefumo pamusoro pemhuri. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinobetsera vaitisimudza, vadzidzi, uye vagari vemo vomunyika dzinotenderera nyika dzenzanga.

Nyaya ino inoongorora kuchinja kukuru kwemitemo yeroorano mumakore achangobva kupfuura, inoongorora migumisiro yayo yakananga yokubudirira kwegarikano nokutsigira mari, uye inoratidza zvinetso zvokutarisira nokusasarura zvinomuka apo rondedzero dzepamutemo dzinochinja. Kupfurikidza nokuongorora mienzaniso chaiyo kubva mupurogiramu dzakadai seServer Consolation for Nery Families (TTAF), Conftion Information Program (SNAP), Medicaid, uye Social Security, tinozivisa nzira dzakavanzika idzo mitemo yeroorano inotsigira nadzo dziviriro yenzanga.

Mutemo Unokosha Weroorano Nokuchinja Kwenzanga Yawo

Kuzivikanwa Kwomuchato Wevatano Yomurume Nomusikana Mumwe Chete

Chinjo hurusa yomutemo weroorano munhau yeU.S. ichisarudzo cheChikurusa cha 2015 mu [[FLT 1]Obergefell v. Hoddells, icho chinovimbisa varoorani vane kodzero imwe cheteyo yokuroora munyika yose. Pamberi porusando urwu, varoorani vetemutezo vakabviswa kubva payamubatanidzwa yebetsero dzapasi dzakabatanidzwa dzakabatanidzwa nenzvimbo yeroorano, kubatanidza betsero dzevekwakati dzeve nevekwakati dzeve nevezvekuchengetekanwa dzevemagariro avanhu, kubatanidza mari inobatana nokuda kwemapurogiramu ezvokuedza, uye kupfuudzana mhuri pasi pezvirongwa zvoutano zvakagara zvakanaka. Pashure pokurovedza purogiramu yeSangano dzechipo inodzosesaidzo. Pashure pokuvamba kwechipo inodzosera mamiriro ezvinhu echipo yeSangano dzakafanana.

Chinjo Muzera Reroorano Rishoma Zvikuru Nemitemo Yakabvumiranwa

Mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya, nyika dzinoverengeka dzakakwidziridza zera duku reroorano kusvika pa18 kana kuti dzakaisa zvinodikanwa zvokutonga zvakasimba nokuda kwevaduku. Kuchinja uku kunovavarira kuderedza roorano yevana, muitiro wakabatanidzwa nenhau nemhindu yakakwirira, ngozi yakawedzerwa yemhirizhonga dzemhuri, uye mari shoma. Nokuda kwemibato yenzanga, migumisiro inopa migumisiro miviri. Chokutanga, kukwidziridza zera reroorano kunononotsa nguva apo mwana anogona kurangarirwa se “mukwanyina anokosha” nokuda kweTENF kana kuti rubatsiro rwedzimba, zvichigona kuita kuti vanhu vaduku vakawanda vabatsirwe nomwana apfuure nguva refu. Chechipiri, zvinoderedza nhamba yeroorano dzinotungamirira kuva nenhumbu uye nokudaro inoita kuti kudikanwa nokuda kwemimba dzinotevete mamiriro ezvinhu echiduku. Chidzidzo chinofanira kutevera kupfurikidza nemamiriro ezvinhu enguva anenge okugara zvakanaka.

Kuzivikanwa Kweroorano Kwavose Nemhaka Yayo

Roorano inowirirana nemitemo yavose (8) umo varoorani vanorangarirwa kuva vakaroora nenzira yapamutemo vasina muchato wapamutemo kana kuti raisenzi) zvinoramba zvichizivikanwa muchiverengero chiduku asi chinokosha chenyika, kubatanidza Texas, Colorado, uye Iowa. Mibatanidzwa yakasiyana - siyana yehurumende inoparira kuoma kwepurogiramu dzehurumende dzinobatanidza kuva dzakabatana munyika yose. Somuenzaniso, vaviri vanogara muhurumende inowirirana nemitemo imwe chete vangarangarirwa kuva vakaroorana nokuda kweSNAP kunyange kana vasina rugwaro rweroorano, nepo varoorani vakafanana muhurumende isingabvumikiswi vaizorangarirwa seva vasina kurongeka. Ikoku kunomanikidza masangano enzanga kuti aite mhaka nemhiko dzomutemo, mutoro wokutarisira pamutemo unowedzera uye zvikanganiso zvinobvira nokuda kwemhoshongo. Vamwe vanonzi kuti vabvise izvi zvisarudzoro zvehurumende, asi havana kuchinjwa.

Migumisiro Yakananga Yokukwanisa Kubudirira Papurogiramu Dzinokosha Dzebasa Renzanga

Betsero Yechinguvana Nokuda Kwemhuri Dzine Kushayiwa (TANF)

TANF inogovera betsero yemari uye basa rinotsigira mhuri dzinowana mari shoma nevana. Kuda mari inodzorwa zvikuru nemamiriro eroorano nemhaka yokuti mirau inoda kurangarirwa kwemari nepfuma zvevakwanyina vose vari vaviri pakuronga kuva vanofara. Apo mitemo yeroorano inowedzera (sokunge ine kuzivikanwa kumwe chete kwemari kunoitwa neambuya kana kuti mukwanyina achangobva kuzivikanwa anofanira kuverengwa, kuva nesimba rokusunda mhuri dzinopfuura mari uye kusavakwanisira mari. Nenzira yeimwe, kana nyika ichikwidza zera reroorano, vaduku vashomanene vanogona kuroora, uye avo vanoramba vachiwirirana sezvinoitika zvemwana bedzi (ne betsero dzinobhadharwa kumutarisiri ane ukama nemudiwa) panzvimbo pokuva nebetsero huru. [FLD:][FF]

Chirongwa Chokuyamura Nezvokudya Zvomumuviri (SNAP)

SPAP inosarudzwa nembiri yemba, uye roorano inoumba boka remhuri rinobatanidza mari nepfuma zvevakwanyina vose vari vaviri. Kuzivikanwa kwapamutemo kweroorano dzevatano imwe cheteyo naizvozvo kunoreva kuti mhuri dzakawanda dzeSNAP dzakamboparadzana dzinobatanidzwa, sezvingabvira kuderedza chitsama chebetsero nokuda kwomupindwi wevaroorani kunyange kana mari yavo yomunhu oga iri yakaderera. Kuchinja paSNAP inogona kuva yakakura: varoorani vane vana vaviri vangagamuchira betsero yakaderera mwedzi nomwedzi kupfuura vabereki vaviri vasina kuroorana vanogara pamwe chete, nemhaka yokuti mari yakabatanidzwa yavose inorangarirwa pamwe chete pamwe chete pamwe chete nechikumbaridzo chemba. Naizvozvo mutemo weroorano unobatana ne [[FLT:][FLD] [5] miraunis] miraudzo yemite yemitengo yapamutemo.[FLT] [2]

Médicaid Negadziriro Yevana Yeinishuwarenzi Youtano (CHIP)

Midicaid Services yevakuru inorairwa kuronga nemamiriro eroorano: mari yomukwanyina inoverengwa kazhinji kazhinji pakusarudza kana munhu akakwaniriswa. Kutonga kumwe cheteko kwevatano kwakatungamirira kuchinjo dzapakarepo munzira iyo Center for Medicare & Lamp; Micaid Services (CMS) inoraidzwa kuita zvikumbiro. Mumitemo kuti kufunda kwaichimbova kupiwa mutezo mumwe nomumwe wemitezo yevatano, zviuru zvavanhu zvakava vachangobva kuva vakakodzera kukurumidza kunzi vashaitwe (kana kuti vachangobva kutsamira pamari yavo). Nokuda kwechikwerete, icho chinobatanidza vana mumhuri dzinowana mari shoma, roorano inogona kutapura kana mwana achirangarirwa kuva rutivi rwemhuri inowana mari yakakwirira, kana kuti mumwe anova muvereverevereveri wemhuri yakaderera zvikuru, kupfurikidza nokuwana kwoutano.

Kuchengeteka Kwezvimwe Zvinhu (SSI) uye Kuchengeteka Kwenzanga

SSI inobetsera vanhu vakwegura, mapofu, kana vakaremara vanoderedzwa nechinhu chimwe muzvitatu kana mugamuchiri akaroorwa uye achigara nomumwe asingagamuchiri SSI. Kuchinja kweroorano naizvozvo kunotapura zvakananga mibhadharo. Pashure paObergefell, Social Security Administration yaifanira kuisazve betsero nokuda kwezviuru zvevakwanyina vezvemari vamwe chetevo vakanga vanyimwa kare betsero dzechimuteve. Kupfumidzo yeSocial Security yebetsero dzemhomu inogona kusvika ku 100% yebetsero yomushandi akafa inotapura mukwanyina akapukunyuka . Yakapfuudzira kuti mamiriro ezvinhu eroorano akapfuure-hedhei akapfumi akapfumi, achimirira shairira shanduro huru yemari nokuda kwavakura. [[FLT:][FFF][3]

Kuwana Mari Nemanyuko Okuparadza

Kuchinja Mabhajeti Nemabhajeti Epurogiramu

Apo mitemo yeroorano inochinja, chiverengero chavagari vemo chevaroorani chinochinja. Somuenzaniso, kunyoreswa kwapamutemo kweroorano dzevatano imwe cheteyo kwakawedzera nhamba yemhuri dzakarooranwa ne2% munyika yose mukati mamakore mashomanene okutanga, mukuwirirana ne [[FLT]].. .S. . . Officeunication Bureaution[[[FLT]][FLD]] [[F]] [[FLT]].]. Vakaroorana vakawanda vanoreva kuva vanokwanisa zvikuru nokuda kwemibayiro yemibayiro yemari inovakwa, uyewo mhuri dzakawanda dzinobatanidza mari, idzo dzingasunda mhuri pamusoro pezvirongwa zvokuedza. Zvikatengo, kana mugariro uchiwedzera zera reroorano, unganonotsa kuumbwa kwedzimba dzemhuri, kuchengeta vakawanda vari pakati pezviwirira mberi pamabatsigiriki dzinowanika zvikuru pamasangano anoitwa.

Kupiwa Muchato Nebhonasi Muzvikwereti Zvemutero

Gadziriro dzegarikano dzinobatanidzwa kazhinji kazhinji negadziriro yemitero. Inhoode Tax Credit (EITC) neChild Tax Crell Crell (CTC) zvine “zvirango zveroorano” kana kuti“ mabhonasi okuroorana” zvichitsamira pamwero wemari. Apo chinjo dzeroorano dzinowedzera chiverengero chavaroorani vanozivikanwa, iyi miuyo yemari inova yakapararira zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, vaviri vaviri vorudzi rumwe vakaisa muroorano ndokugamuchira EITC, pashure pemiuyo, vanowana mari yavo yakabatanidzwa kuderedza chikwereti chavo chemari. Vagadziri vemitengi veroorano vanokwezverwa. [[FLT:] [FK:] U. U. Dhivi remari rimwe chetero remari rapamari raidzo dzakareverwa nokuda kwemiuyo yeroorano.[FLT][FFFF:3] [FF] [FF]

Zvinetso Zvehurumende uye Zvekusasarura

Kusimbiswa Kwomugariro Weroorano Kupfuura Kupomerwa

Rimwe redenho dzinoshanda zvikurusa masangano enzanga anotarisana nokuyera mugariro weroorano apo mitemo inosiana munyika. Somuenzaniso, vaviri vakaroora nenzira inoshanda muhurumende inowirirana vangatamira kuhurumende isingazivi michato inowirirana. Purogiramu dzakafanana SNAP na TANF kazhinji kazhinji dzinotarira kumugariro wokugara kuti varondedzere mugariro weroorano, kuita basa rokutsunga kwemifungo. Vashandi vanofanira kukumbira magwaro eroorano, affidavits, kana kuti zvimwe zvibvumikiso, uye kushaikwa kwekunyoresa roorano kwomutezo wapamutemo kunoreva kuti kunyengera kana kuti kukanganisa kunogona kuitika. [[FLT:][FL:][F]

Masimba Masimba Omumba Nerangariro Dzochengeteko

Chinjo mumitemo yeroorano dzinotapurawo dziviriro nokuda kwavapukunyuki vamasimba masimba omumba. Mamwe mapurogiramu egarikano, akadai seTTANF’S Violence Movement’s Garde, anobvumira vapukunyuki kukumbira kusunungurwa muzvinodikanwa zvebasa kana kuti kubva pakugara nomumwe kuti varambe vachifara. Apo mitemo yeroorano inowedzera kuzivikanwa, vapukunyuki muroorano dzinobatwa zvisina kufanira vanowana dziviriro dzimwe chetedzo dzakafanana. asi kana bedzi masangano ehurumende akavandudza miitiro yawo kuti abatanidza zvakajeka ukama ihwohwo. Nenzira inopesana, kukwidziridza zera reroorano rinoderedza nhamba yavaduku vanomanikidzirwa muroorano, uko kuri chisakiso chinozivikanwa chamasimba masimba omumba. Vatarisiri vemibato venzanga vanofanira kurovedzwa kubata izvi migariro inodzodzo dzakadzorwa, vachivimbisa kuti chinjo dzapamutemo dzisaita nenzira yokusakanganisa vanhu vasingagoni kushatsa.

Mhuri Dzinobva Kune Imwe Nyika Nemhuri Dzakavhengana

Mutemo weroorano unowirirana nomutemo wokupinda munyika, uchitapura kukwanisa kwevasingapindi nokuda kwebetsero dzenzanga. Somuenzaniso, mukwanyina mumwe cheteyo wevatano uyo ari mugari wechigarire wapamutemo angatsigira mukwanyina wokumwe akaberekerwa nokuda kwekadhi rebhuruu, kungofanana navarume nevakadzi vevatano. Kana roorano yangozivikanwa bedzi, mukwanyina anotsigirwa angakwaniriswa nokuda kwebetsero dzakafanana naMédicaid kana kuti SNAP pashure penhambo yokumirira, achichinja mari yeimba. Zvisinei, .[FT:U].S.Tizition and ImGration Serviation Services[FFF:2][FLT2][FLT3] []]

Kutarira Mberi: Kukurudzira Kwemitemo Nechinjo Dzomunguva Yemberi

Kushandiswa Kwerondedzero Dzeroorano Nokuda Kwezvinangwa Zvekugarika

Misiyano yakarongwa yemitemo yeroorano neresiti yezera rekubvumirana, kuzivikanwa kwomutemo wavose, uye kunyange rondedzero ye “paratidzo” nokuda kwepariki kana kuti masangano akasiana mutsika. Nheyo yehurumende yakajeka, inoshandiswa mukuwirirana nepurogiramu dzose dzemitengo, ingaderedza zvikanganiso uye kuva nechokwadi chokurapa kwakaenzana. Masangano akadai se [FT]

Kuderedza Chirango Cheroorano

Kuvimbisa kuti chinjo dzeroorano hadzirangadzi varoorani vakaderera vanowanwa, vagadziri vemitemo vangagona kurongazve zvikwereti zvemitero ndokubetsera nzira dzokubvisa nadzo chirango chemari inotambirwa. Somuenzaniso, kubvumira kuisa kwakaparadzana kwemitengo yakasiyana nokuda kwepurogiramu dzenzira kana kuti kugadziridza mipimo yemitengo yakakwirira nokuda kwendyiko huru dzemhuri mbiri dzezera raizosimudzira kusatora rutivi kweroorano. Masangano anoverengeka akakarakadza chinjo dzakadaro, uye [FLT] Urban Institute] yabudisa zvikarakadzo zvinoratidza kuti roorano-utempiro zveroorano yavanhu vasingagoni kusimudzira makumi ezviuru zvemhuri muurombo.

Kunzvera Kurovedza Vashandi Vane Simba Nokuderera Kwegadziriro

Sezvo mitemo yeroorano inopfuurira kuchinja (kupfurikidza nemitemo mitsva yedare kana kuti mutemo wehurumende) dare rinofanira kuisa mukurovedza basa renzanga kunopfuurira nokuda kwavashandi vanokwanisa. Ikoku kunobatanidza rovedzo itsva dzemitemo, kuziva zvivako zvemhuri zvakasiyana- siyana, uye unyanzvi hwokuvandudza minda yemataundi. Gadziriro dzeroorano dzinogona kubvisa roorano muzvinyorwa zvinokosha dzingaderedza mutoro wokudzora ndokuvandudza kururama. Masangano mazhinji ari kuronda kukuva azvino uno, asi fambiro mberi inononoka mukudzokorodza kwemari yomubatanidzwa wemari yomubatanidzwa wehurumende.

mhedziso

Mukupfupikisa, chinjo mumitemo yeroorano dzine miuyo inowana mirevo mirefu pamasangano enzanga negadziriro dzegarikano. Vanoumba avo vakakodzera nokuda kwetsigiro, pesvedzero yokuisa zvinhu pakutanga, uye vanoratidzira mipimo yenzanga. Kubva pachiratidzo chekuchinja kwetsika dzehurumende pazera reroorano uye mugariro weroorano, kuchinja kwapamutemo kumwe nokumwe kunoda gadziridzo inowirirana mukurongwa kwebetsero, kuti mhuri dzinorondedzerwa sei, uye kuti zviwanikwa zvinogoverwa sei. Vagadziri vesangano, uye vatsigiri vanofanira kuramba vachiziva pamusoro pezviitiko izvi zvemitemo kuti vave nechokwadi chokuti masangano enzanga anoshanda nenzira inobudirira munzanga dzakasiyana- siyana. Nokuziva mabata muchato nereti akachengeteka, tinogona kuvaka masangano anorondedzerwa zviri pamutemo, uye mashandiro ezvo.