Kuwedzera Kuoma Kwemvura Yakachena

Kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kuri kuchinja zvikuru kutenderera kwemvura inonaya pasi pose. Sezvo avhareji yetembiricha yenyika yose yakwira nemwero ye1.1°C pamusoro pemwero yepamberi pemaindasitiri, simba remhepo yakapoteredza pasi rokuchengeta unyoro rawedzera ne7% padhigirii rimwe. Kuchinja uku kunoita kuti mvura irambe ichinaya zvikuru mune dzimwe nzvimbo asi ichiwedzera kupisa nokusanaya kwemvura mune dzimwe nyika. Mugumisiro wacho inyika iri kunyura mose mune dzimwe nzvimbo uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo, nemigumisiro inoguma neupfumi hwenyika yose nemhoteredzo.

Mvura ndiyo nzira iyo yakawanda yetapuro dzinooneka zvikurusa dzechinjo yemamiriro okunze inowanwa nayo. Mafashamo, kusanaya kwemvura, kukwira kwegungwa, uye kunyunguduka kwemvura yechando zvose zvinotyisidzira kuvapo nokunaka kwemvura yemvura yakachena. Nokuda kwehurumende dzenyika, chinjo idzi dzinogombedzera kurangarirwazve kwemiitiro yemvura yakare yakaitwa nokuda kwemamiriro okunze akatsiga. Chiyereso chekare chokuti mitoo yenhau icharamba iripo hachichatongoshandi. Vagadziri vemitemo vanofanira zvino kuronga nokuda kwenguva yemberi yokuwedzera kuoma kwemvura inovakwa nezvinodenha zvivako zviripo, pamutemo, uye zvivako zvokudzora.

Kuchinja Kunoita Manyuko Emvura Pachako

Kuchinja - chinja Mienzaniso Yokudzika Nhumbu

Chimwe chezvisakiso zvapakarepo zvikurusa zvechinjo yemvura inonaya mvura. Nharaunda dzakatokombamira kukuoma kwemvura, dzakadai segungwa reMediterranean, kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica, uye kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweNorth America, dziri kuona kufashamira mumvura yemvura yakare-kare-kare yemvura [ uye dzinowedzera kuwanda kwemvura inonaya gore rakawanda. Nhamba dzakafanana neSahel nemativi eSouth Asia dziri kuwana mvura zhinji zvikuru, inotungamirira kukufashaidzwa kwengwavaira. Kunyange munyika imwe chete, kuparadzirwa kwemvura kunogona kuchinja zvikuru, kuparira kukunda nokurasikirwa nemvura yorudzi.

Mvura Inoyerera Nemvura Inoyerera Nekurasikirwa Nemvura

Kukwira kwetembiricha kunowedzera mwero wekufema kweivhu, miti, uye nzvimbo dzemvura dzakavhurika. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyange kana uwandu hwemvura hukaramba husingachinjiki, mvura shoma inowanika nokuda kwezvirimwa, zvinhu zvakasikwa, uye matura. Munzvimbo dzakawanda dzokurima, mwaka uri kukura uri kutopfupiswa nokusanganiswa kweyakare yaidiwa nechando uye kuderera kwemvura. Varimi vanofanira kugadziridza nokuchinja mazuva okurima, vachishandisa zvirimwa zvinochengetedza kusanaya mvura, kana kuti kuisa mari mukudiridza zvirimwa zvakanaka, izvo zvinoda kutsigira nokuchengetedza mari.

Magirazi Anovheneka uye Kuchinja Sinou

Vanhu vanenge mabhiriyoni maviri vanotsamira pamvura inobva mumazaya echando nechando chemwaka. MuHimalayas, Andes, uye Rockes, mazaya echando ari kunyangarika pamwero usingaenzaniswi. Ikoku kutanga kuwedzera rwizi munhambo pfupi sezvo aizi rakachengetwa rinonyunguduka, asi kana aizi yangova yaenda, nguva yakaoma inoderera zvikuru. Marudzi akadai sePeru, India, uye Pakistan, kurasikirwa kwezvisvingo zvemvura yechando kunotyisidzira kuvimbika kwemigove yemvura yamaguta, simba remvura, uye kurima. Mitemo yenyika yaifungidzira kuti inogara ivhu remvura inofanira kubatanidza zvino chokwadi chokuchema kunoderera.

Kukwira Kwegungwa uye Kupinda Kwemvura Yemunyu

Masuo egungwa ari mungozi zvikuru yokupinda mumvura yomunyu sezvo mwero yegungwa inokwira uye kuchera mvura pasi pevhu kunowedzera. Nharaunda dzemvura dziri kunsi kwemvura, dzakadai seMekong Delta muVietnam neGanges-Brahmaputra Delta muBangladesh, anotarisana nengozi mbiri: kuderera kwokuwanikwa kwemvura mumvura inobva kunzvimbo dzinotevedzerwa uye kudzokororwa kwemvura yesaline kuti ipinde pamusoro pevhu uye mumanyuko emvura. Mitemo yemvura yeNational munyika idzi inofanira zvino kubatana nokutarisirwa kwemhenderekedzo yegungwa, uye nzira dzemamiriro okunze enzvimbo dzinodzoresa dzakabatwa senhau dzakaparadzana.

Tapuro Pamasekete Anokosha Anotsigira Mvura

Zvokurima Nezvokudya Zvakachengeteka

Marimo anotengwa nokuda kwe 70% yokubvisa mvura mumvura yakachena munyika yose, uye inzvimbo inoratidzirwa zvakananga zvikuru kumugariro wokunze. Chinjo muuwandu hwemvura netembiricha dzinotapura zvakananga mibereko yezvirimwa, kugadzirwa kwezvipfuwo, uye utano hwehove. Munyika zhinji dzichiri kubudirira, varimi vazhinji vanotsamira pakurima kwemvura, kuchiita kuti dzive dzine ngozi zvikurukuru kukuchinja kwemwaka wemvura uye kuoma kuzhinji. Mitemo yemvura iri kubatanidzwa nomutoo wokurima, nokunangidzira mitoo yokugadzira zvinhu zvokufambisa mvura, kuvandudza kugadzirwa kwemvura, uye kutanga kwezvirimwa zvemvura. Zvisinei, kugadzirwa kwemvura kunoramba kuripo nemhaka yokuwana mari inopfumba uye kutsigira kusingadhuriki varwere.

Kugadzirwa Kwesimba

Hydropower inogovera inenge 16% yemagetsi enyika, uye nyika dzakawanda dzinotsamira pairi nokuda kwemubatanidzwa mukuru wesimba radzo. Kuyerera kworwizi rwakaderera uye mwero yematura inoderedza zvakananga simba rechizvarwa. Somuenzaniso, muBrazil, kusanaya kukuru kwemvura kwakamanikidza nyika kuwedzera kutsamira pamagetsi anopisa, kukwidza magetsi ecarbon nemagetsi. Nhengo dzemagetsi dzinotsamira pamvura inotonhora pakudzikawo pakudzika apo tembiricha dzemvura dzinokwira kana kuti apo rwizi rwakaderera runodzokoroka runobvumiranisa magetsi.

Utano Hwavanhu Nokuchena

Zviitiko zvakaipisisa zvomugariro wokunze zvinoparira migariro yokunze yakakomba(masvotsve, madutu, uye kusanaya kwemvura kwenguva refu.) Mumataundi, mvura zhinji inogona kukurira gadziriro dzetsvina dzakabatanidzwa, kuchitungamirira kukusashandiswa kwetsvina inobudiswa mumvura. Mumaruwa, kusanaya kwemvura kunogona kumanikidza vanhu kutsamira pamanyuko asina kukotsekana, kuwedzera ngozi yehosha dzinotakurwa nemvura dzakadai sekoreralera netyphoid. World Health Organization inofungidzira kuti kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kuchaparira kufa kwe 250,000 pagore pakati pa 2030 na 2050, dzakawanda kubva kuzvisakiso zvemvura. Mitemo yemvura yenyika inobatanidza utano hwapachena, tsigiro yenzanga, uye dzidzo inokosha kuderedza idzi ngozi.

Kupindura Kworudzi: Kuchinja Mvura Kuchienderana Nokuchinja Kwemamiriro Okunze

Nyika dziri munyika yose dziri kugadzirisa mitemo yadzo yemvura, marongedzero adzo, uye zvinhu zvinokosha pakuronga kuti dzigadzirise zvinhu zvinochinja mamiriro okunze.

Kusimbisa Kuchengetedza Mvura uye Kugutsikana

Nyika zhinji dzakatanga mipimo yokuchengetedza mvura inonaya , zvikurukuru mukurima nomugove wemvura yomumaguta. MuIsrael, kudiridza nokugadzirwazve kwemvura kwakakwirira kwakabvumira nyika kuderedza kushandiswa kwemvura kurima apo iri kuwedzera. Murray-Darling Basin Plan, yakaitwa pashure pamakore okusanaya kwemvura kukuru, inobatanidza gadziriro dzemvura dzinogovera mvura kukushandiswa kwayo kukurusa apo inodzivirira mhoteredzo. Iyi mienzaniso inoratidzira kuti kuchengetedzwa hakusati kuri pamusoro pokungova bedzi nokushandiswa kwezvirimwa asi pamusoro pokuparirawo zvikarakadzo zvemari nemiitiro yakaisvonaka yakaisvonaka.

Kuongorora Zvinhu Zvinoshandiswa Pakuchengeta Nokuparadzira

Matsime matsva, nzvimbo dzinobvisa mvura inoiswa mvura mumvura, zvirongwa zvokutakurwa kwemvura, uye zvivako zvepasi pevhu zviri kuvakwa kuti zvisavepo pakuchinja kwemamiriro okunze. California, sezvataurwa munyaya yokutanga, yakashandisa zvikuru kubvisa nokubvisa zvinhu zvinoshandiswazve kwemvura. Singapore, nzvimbo inotakura mvura inotakura mvura, yakatanga gadziriro yakakwirira ye "matapu mana enyika inotevedzerwa" mvura inotorwa kunze kwenyika, kutora kwapanzvimbo yacho, kutora mvura inotemwa (NODAter), uye kubvisa mvura. Zvisinei, zvivako zvakadaro zvinotakura mari inopfuudza dzimbahwe uye zvinogona kutora makumi amakore kuti itange. Mitemo yeHurumende yenyika inofanira kugadzira zvinhu zvinochinjika, zvinobudirira, uye zvinobatanidza mamiriro okunze enzvimbo dzazvokugadzirwa.

Kutarisira Zviwanikwa Zvemvura Zvakasvibirira (IWRM)

IWRM muitiro unosimudzira kufambirana nokutarisirwa kwemvura, nyika, uye pfuma ine chokuita nazvo kuti iwedzere garikano yezvemari nenzanga pasina kubvumiranisa mhoteredzo nechinhu. Muchinjo yemhoteredzo, IWRM inotova yakakomba zvikuru nemhaka yokuti inomanikidza vagadziri vechisarudzo kurangarira batano pakati pavashandisi vemvura vakasiana-- siyana napakati pemibatanidzwa yemvura yapasi. United Nations inoshuma kuti inenge 76% yenyika dzine gadziriro dzeIWRM munzvimbo, asi kugadzirwa kunowanzova kusina kukwana nemhaka yemasangano akaneta, kuputsanya, uye mari isingakwani. Kusimbisa simba resangano renyika nerokudzikamisa kudzika mibatanidzwa yemvura ichinhu chinokosha nokuda kwemiitiro yemvura yenyika inoshanda zvakanaka.

Kuongorora uye Kukurumidza Kunyevera

Mashoko akarurama pamusoro pemvura inonaya mvura, rwizi runoyerera, mwero yemvura yepasi, uye sinou zvinokosha mukudzora zviwanikwa zvemvura mumamiriro okunze anochinja. Nyika dzakawanda dziri kuwedzera masangano adzo okuongorora nokushandisa ruzivo rwokuongorora nokushandisa masethalaiti. Mitemo yokunyevera yokutanga nokuda kwemvura nemafashamo inobvumira hurumende kubudisa zvingwa, kumutsa mhinduro dzekurumidziro, uye kugovera zvinhu zvisati zvaitika. Somuenzaniso, Dhipatimendi reMeteorological yeIndia zvinopa miganhuro yemiganhuro yezviitiso zvemvura zvakanyanyisa, zvichiita kuti zviremera zvomunzvimbomo zvibvise vanhu vasina dziviriro. Mitemo yeHurumende yeUnited States inotsigira kudzonga yokudzorwa kwenjodzi dzinodzorwa kudhura kuderera kwenjodzi dzemamiriro okunze ezvoupfumi.

Fundo Yenhau: Kuchinjwa Kwemiitiro Yemvura yeCalifornia

California yazova rabhoritari yemiitiro yemvura inogadzirwa mudzvinyiriro yemamiriro okunze. Pashure pokusanaya kwemvura kwakakurumbira kuvambira muna 2012 kusvikira muna 2016, hurumende yakagadza Sustainable Grouterwater Management Act (SGMA), mutemo wokutanga wakakwana kudzora kupomba mvura. SGMA inoda masangano omunzvimbomo kuvamba gadziriro dzinoparira zvirongwa zvinodzikamisa na 2040. Kuwedzera, California yakatenga mabhirioni emadhora emadhora ane mabhiriyoni emadhorandi mumvura, kutora mvura, uye kubvisa kwaparera. "Water Relience Portfolio" inobudiswa muna 2020 yezviito zvokugadzirira nguva yemberi ne 20% yokuvapo kwemvura shoma. Nepo fambiro mberi yezvamatongerwe enyika ichiripo pakati pezvipfumichando nezvinodzorwa pakati pezvipfunyo.[5]

Fundo Yenhau: Delta Etanhation Delta yeNetherlands

Netherlands, yava nenguva refu iri piyona mukutarisirwa kwemvura, yashandisa nzira yokushandisa nayo "kufambisa delta" iyo inobatanidza zvakajeka mamiriro okunze. Dutch Delta Programme inoshandisa kuronga kwamarudzi akawanda kuchamhembe kwejengachenga(kukwira mugore ra2100) kuti igadzirise gadziriro dzezviwiro dzinochinjika dzinogona kugadziridzwa semamiriro ezvinhu. Mitemo mikuru inobatanidza kusimbisa madikesi, kugadzira nzvimbo nokuda kwenzizi dzinopfuvura namafashamo, uye kuisa mari mumigove yemvura mitsva inogona kumira nokupinda mvura inonangika. Chirongwa chacho chinotsigirwa neDeltal Lay Fund yakatsamwa inowana nhambo refu inovimbisa kupfumbira kwenhambo yezvamatongerwe enyika. Iyi, mberi kunopa zvidzidzo zvinokosha nokuda kwamamwe marudzi anotarisana nerwizi rwapamhenga.

Fundo Yenhau: Gadziriro Yakavakirwa Panzanga yeBangladesh

Bangladesh ndeimwe yenyika dzinodzorwa nemamiriro okunze munyika, dzine madutu anowanzoitika, kudirana kwemvura murwizi, uye kuvhozhokera kwepasi zvinotapura mamiriyoni avanhu. Mumhinduro, hurumende yakabatanidza kuchinjika kwemvura mumararamire ayo enyika yose, kunanga pamitoo inotsamira panzanga. Kucheka mvura, kurima, uye kusimudzwa dzimba paPlinths kunosimudzirwa kupfurikidza nehurumende yomunzvimbomo neveNGO. Nyika yacho yakaisawo zvikuru mudzimba dzemadutunhu uye gadziriro dzokunyevera dzapakuvamba dzakaderedza zvikuru kufa nemhepo. Nepo zvinetso zvichisara nenzira yokuremekedza kukwirana kwerwizi runoyerera kubva kuIndia neChina.

Zvinetso Zvinotadzisa Mvura Kubudirira

Mari Yakaganhurirwa

Kunyange munyika dzakapfuma, mutengo wokuchinjira kumugariro wokunze mukuru. World Bank inofungidzira kuti nyika ichafanira kuisa mari inopfuura $34 000 000 000 pagore mugadziriro dzemvura kuti isvitse zvose zviri zviviri kukura nenharidzano dzemamiriro okunze. Nyika dzinobudirira dzinotarisana nomukaha mukuru zvikurusa, nedzisingagoni kutsigira gadziriro dziripo, tisingaregi kuisa mari itsva. Masangano ezvemari yezvomugariro wokunze akadai seGreen Climate Fund, akagovera zviwanikwa kuti zviwitsikirire kumite, asi uwandu hunoramba huri pasi pezvinodikanwa.

Kuparadzaniswa Kwematongerwe Enyika Nemasangano

Kudzora mvura kunowanzokamuraniswa pakati pamasangano akawanda(agrial, mhoteredzo, simba, utano, uye kuronga kweguta ) chimwe nechimwe nezvinokosha zvacho nechako. Chinjo yemamiriro okunze inoda mhinduro dzakabatanidzwa, asi kudzorwa kwemabhureki nezvinokwikwidzana zvinogona kutadzisa fambiro mberi. Munyika dzakawanda, kodzero dzemvura dzinogoverwa kare zvichitsamira papfungwa dzechinyakare dzezvipo zvisingachinjiki, zvichiita kuti kuchinja kwezve zvourimi kuve kwakaoma. Makambani okurima angadzivisa kuderedza kuganhurirwa kwemigove yokudiridza, nepo vanhu vomumaguta vanoda kupiwa mugove unovimbwa wakavimbika zvikuru. Kukunda izvi kunoda kudzorwa kwemitengo inoisa njodzi, chibvumirano chetsono, uye utungamiriri hwezvamatongerwe enyika kudisa kuita kuti kutengeserana kuve kwakaoma.

Makakatanwa Emvura Anopfupikisa

Nyika dzinovaka madhamu kana kuti mvura dzinotsauka dzinogona kuderedza kudzika kumativi ose enzvimbo dzinotevedzana, uye kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kunokonzera kuti zvinhu izvi zviome kufungidzira. Nile, Indus, Mekong, uye Rwizi rweColorado zvose mienzaniso yenzvimbo dzinokwikwikwidzana dzinodiwa kuti dziwedzere. Zvibvumirano zvemvura munyika dzakawanda zvave zvichiwanika mumakomo akawanda, kazhinji kacho zvakanyorwa makumi emakore akapfuura uye zvingasaita kuti zvisazonzi zvibvumirano izvi zvakatochinja.

Misiyano Yemashoko Nokusava Nechokwadi

Vatarisiri vemvura vanobudirira vanotsamira pamitemo yakavimbika, asi munzvimbo dzakawanda, asi muAfrica namativi eAsia_monitoing mibatanidzwa inodzongonyedza iripo haichasviki. Kunyange uko michina yemichina yenzvimbo inogadzira zvinhu inogadzira mhatsa yakasiyana - siyana yezvingabvira, zvichiita kuti zviome kuti vagadziri vemitengo vasarudze pakati pemitengo ingatora makore akawanda kuti vabhadhare. Vagadziri vezvisarudzo vanofanira kudzidza kubatira "kusava neregit" zvisarudzo: matanho anobetsera pasi pezvikamu zvakakura zvezvinoitika munguva yemberi. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa kwemvura, uye kuvaka, zvose zvinoparira kuti zvisarukidze kugadzirwa kwemagariro enzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzinochinja mamiriro okunze.

Nhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi: Kuvaka Dzorero Kupfurikidza Nokuvandudza uye Kubatira Pamwe

Kuchinja Kukuru Kwokuronga Zvemamiriro Okunze Kuchichinja Kuva Kurongwa Kwenyika

Mitemo yemvura haigoni kutangwa iri yoga. Inofanira kubatanidzwa nezvirongwa zvenyika zvokuchinja mamiriro okunze, nzira dzokuderedza njodzi, uye vavariro dzinochengeteka. Nyika dzakawanda zvino dziri kuita Mazano okugadziridza mamiriro okunze eNational (NAP) ayo anonyatsotaura nezvokuchengeteka kwemvura. Dambudziko nderokubva pakuronga kuzviita nokuchengetedza mari, vashandi vanorovedza, uye kutanga kuongorora mashandiro. Kugadzirirwa nguva dzose kuNAP, kuziviswa nesayenzi yemamiriro okunze azvino uno, kunokosha kuti ichengete mitemo inoshanda munyika iri kukurumidza kuchinja.

Zvigadzikiso Zvechisiko Zvinoparadza

"maruva" enzvimbo dzemahombekombe emvura (magamera, mareve, mapaipi) acharamba achikosha, asi zvigadzikiso zvakavakirwa pachisiko zviri kuwana kuzivikanwa savakwanisi vanoparira mari inotengwa nevanosimba. Kudzorera nzvimbo dzapasi, kuchetura, kudzivirira magamendi egungwa, uye kuita nzvimbo dzegirini dzebhurasi dzinogona kuvandudza kunaka kwemvura, kuderedza ngozi yemafashamo, uye kuisazve magetsi mumusha. Somuenzaniso, mutengo weNew York City mukudzivirira mvura inochekerwa wakaponesa mabhiriyoni emadhora emadhora mumari inota yokurapa. Mitemo yeNational inobatanidza zvipfekoso zvekugadziridza mhoteredzo yemhoteredzo yemhoteredzo yemhuka uye kushandiswa kwenyika inogona kubetsera kudzora aya mabasa omusikirwo.

Kushandisa Makombiyuta Emvura

Mamita emvura akangwara, mifungo chaiyo, ungwaru hwekugadzirwa, uye mashoko zviri kuchinja nzira iyo zvinhu zvinofambisa mvura zvinoshandisa zvinofambisa. Unyanzvi uhwu hunogona kuona kudzungaira, kuisa dzvinyiriro yakakwana, kudeya kuonekwa, uye kunatsiridza nguva dzedavidzo munguva dzezviitiko zvakanyanyisa. Nyika dzinobudirira dzinogona kusvetuka nokushandisa michina yemichina yemichina yemakombiyuta nenzvimbo dzemakombiyuta. Zvisinei, zvigadzikiso zvemakombiyuta zvinoda kutengwa neIndaneti, pamwe nokurovedzwa kwevashandisi. Mitemo yeHurumende yenyika inosimudzira kugadziridzwa nokuchinjwa ruzivo zvinogona kubatsira kufambisa mashandisi aya.

Kusimbisa Kubatira Pamwe Kwamarudzi Ose

Chinjo yemamiriro okunze chinetso chenyika yose icho chinoda mhinduro dzenyika yose, zvikurukuru nokuda kwezviwanikwa zvemvura zvinogoveranwa. Masangano amarudzi ose akadai seUN Water Convention neInternational Water Resources Association anopfavisa kurukurirano, mashoko, uye kutarisirwa kwemasangano. Kukurumidza kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kunogona kuderedza ngozi yerwisano uye kusimudzira betsero pakati pevanhu, zvakadai sezvirongwa zvokugadzira magetsi zvinoshanda pamwe chete kana kuti mabasa edhamu. Marudzi anofanira kufamba anopfuura anofunga kuti kushandira pamwe chete kunogona kuvandudza kuchengeteka kwemvura yemapoka ose. Kukurumidza kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze echinjo kungatodairwa kuti pave nokusimbisa kugadziridza kudzora kupfuutsa.

mhedziso

Chinjo yemamiriro okunze haisati iri tyisidziro iri kure kupfuma dzemvura; iri kutobvisa gadziriro dzemvura mukondinendi iri yose. Mitemo yemvura yerudzi iyo inokundikana kuparira iyi chinjo ichava ishoma zvikuru, ichitungamirira kukurasikirwa kukuru zvikuru kwezvemari, kudzongonyedzwa kwenzanga, uye kushata kwemhoteredzo. Mashoko akanaka ndeokuti nyika dzakawanda dzavamba kupindura namazano matsva . Kubva kuinjo dzemvura dzapasi dzeBangladesh kupurogiramu dzinochinja nzanga. Bva mwero wedenho yacho unoraira kuva noukoshingi zvikuru uye mhinduro inokurumidzira.

Mitemo yemvura yakagadzirwa, yakapfava, uye yakabatanidzwa, inotsigirwa nesayenzi yakasimba, mari, uye masangano akasimba, inokosha mukufamba mumakumi amakore ari kuuya. Rudzi rwuri rwose runofanira kuzvibvunza: muitiro wedu wemvura wakagadzirirwa mugariro wemisi yakare, kana kuti uri kutigadzirira nokuda kwemamiriro enzvimbo enguva yemberi? Mhinduro ichasarudza kwete bedzi kuvapo kwemvura yakachena asi dzikamo yemari, uye nzanga munyika yose. Kuwedzera kurava pamusoro pemiitiro yemvura, [[FLT: 0] United Nations Environmentation Programme's Mvura's [FLT] inopa mativi enyika , kunyange zvazvo mamiriro okusarudzi rwapasi penyika yose] achigovera mamiriro ezvinhu echipokaro echipo. [FFFF]