Nexusi Dziri Kukura Pakati Pokusagadzikana Nokurwisa Ugandanga

Munhambo umo nyika dzemitemo nedzenyama dzakabatanidzwa zvisingaparadzanisiki, dziviriro yegadziriro dzehwaro dzakakwira kumusoro kwemiganhu yechengeteko yenyika yose. Simba, nzvimbo dzokurapa mvura, mibatanidzwa yemibatanidzwa yezvifambiso, masangano ezvemari, uye mibatanidzwa yekurukurirano yetsika dzenzanga yazvino uno (jeti) zvinotsamira pamichina yemitemo inofambidzana. Uku kutsamira pamichina yemagetsi. Zvisinei, kwakavhura muganhu mutsva nokuda kwevavengi. Chitima chinodzivisa kuchengeteka, chirevo chehurumende, uye bhizimisi reutsotsi guru zvino zvino zvinopa tyisidziro njodzi dzinogona kuvhiringidza nzanga, kuparira njodzi yemari, uye kunyange upenyu. Kubatanidzwa kweIndaneti haisati irizve chinhu chishandiro chenguva dzose.

Nyaya inoongorora kutyisidzira kwemakombiyuta kuri kuisa zvinhu zvinokosha panzvimbo yazvo, inoongorora mabasa evatambi vakasiyana - siyana, uye inoronga maitiro, mitemo, uye ruzivo rwezvinhu zvinoda kudzivirira gadziriro idzi dzinokosha. Kubva pakuwedzera kwedenho dzerudzikinuro pazvipatara kusvika pakubvira kwokurwisa kwakabatana kwemagetsi, mapango acho haana kumbova akakwirira. Kunzwisisa tyisidziro yacho inhano yokutanga yokuita kuti pave nokutsiga.

Zvii Zvinetso Zvikuru uye Nei Zvichingoda Kuitwa?

Nhevedzo huru inonongedzera kupfuma, gadziriro, uye mibatanidzwa (izvo zvinenge]] zviri zvinokosha kwazvo kurudzi zvokuti kusashanda kwavo kana kuti ruparadziko rungava netapuro inonetesa pachengeteko, dzikamo yemari, utano hwavanhu, kana kuti chengeteko. MuUnited States, Department of Homeland Security ye [[FLD]]Cybersecurity neInfraculity Agency (CISA) [[FLM:1] inozivisa mibato inokangwaro inotambudza, kubatanidza makemikari, kutengeserana, madhamu, madhingi, madhingi, mabasa ezvero, mari, zvokudya, uye zvokurima, zvivako zvemari, upfumi, zvoutano, ruzivo rwezvokutengeserana, ruzivo rwenyukireya, masangano ezvokufambisa upfumi, uye tsvina yemvura yemvura.

Zvikamu izvi zvinokwezva nokuda kwezvikonzero zvinoverengeka:

  • Tsvina yakakwirira, ngozi yakaderera: Kudenha kunobudirira kunogona kuparira kundikano dzinoparadza mugadziriro dzakawanda, kuchikudza kuvadziko kupfuura zvikuru kuputsika kwokutanga.
  • Mitemo yemitemo: Vashandisi vazhinji vegadziriro dzemitemo vanonzvera vachiri kushandisa Unyanzvi hweMabasa (OT) husati hwakatongogadzirirwa tyisidziro dzekombiyuta dzazvino uno. Miitiro iyi inowanzoshaiwa dziviriro huru sekusimbisa, kunyora mashoko enyaiwo, kana kuti kutema matanda.
  • Utatani: Kubatanidzwa kweIT (Mazita okugadzirwa kwezvinhu) uye OT (Unyanzvi Hwezvisakiso) zvakatanga matsva. Kutapurwa mugadziriro yebhizimisi kunogona zvino kuva nzira yokudzora maindasitiri.
  • Kuoneka kwePublic: Kurwisa pagadziriro dzinonetsa kunoparira kufukidzwa kukuru kwezvinobudisa nhau, kutya kwendangariro, uye dzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika (*.goals inowirirana nevavariro dzegandanga kana kuti dzepfungwa.

Kutyisidzira Kwemadhigirii: Kubva Pakuparwa Kwemhosva Kusvika Pakuitwa Ugandanga Nehurumende

Kunzwisisa kuti zvinhu zvinokanganisa makombiyuta zvakati ondei kunokosha kuti pave nedziviriro dzinobudirira.

Chibayiro uye Kusunungurwa

Rubatso rwakabva pachinhu chinosembura kuenda kutyisidziro yenyika. Muna 2021, kudenha kweColonian Pipeline kwakaratidzira kuti chiitiko chimwe chete cherudzikinuro chinogona sei kudzongonyedza mugove wepeturu muU.S. East Coast. Zvipatara, zvikoro, uye manisiparati zvakakuvadzwa zvakuvadzwazve namapoka akadai se LockBit, BlackCat, uye Clop. Mapoka aya anowanzoshandisa tsorosa nekaviri kuisa mashoko anopindwa nechemedza kudividza kudividza kuto kana rudzikinuro rukasabhadhamwa. Chikamu choutano, chakatotapunzwa nededzwa zvikuru, netarisiro yokushivirira yakanonotswa zvakananga nemhaka yokubuda kwomugariro.

Kufema uye Unyanzvi Hwenzanga

Kuvhura chidhindo ndicho chinhu chinowanzoshandiswa pakurwisa paIndaneti. Vatengesi vanonyengetedza maemail anonyengera vashandi kuti vabudise mashoko anenge aratidza kana kuti kukopa madhaisi. Kana paine zvinhu zvinoda mari yakawanda, kambani inosiya maemail paine chishandiso ichi inogona kuita kuti ipinde zvakadzama. Kuvhura kombiyuta, kunoitirwa kuvakuru vakuru kana kuti mainjiniya, inzira inonyanya kufarirwa nemapoka eAPT.

Kuramba Basa Kwakaparadzirwa (DDOS)

DDOS inorwisa mibatanidzwa yemichina inonaya zvikwata zvemotokari, vashandisi vanokurira uye vanoita mabasa pachivande. Kunyange zvazvo isingawanzove yakasiyana - siyana, inogona kuvhiringidza zvikuru. Muna 2016, midziyo yeMirai botnet yakashandiswa paIndaneti yeZvinhu (IOT) kuvhura maDDOS makuru anorwisa masangano enzvimbo dzinogara nyika (DNS) DYN, achitora mawebsite makuru akaita seTwitter, Netflix, uye Payal. Kupal, DDOS anogona kumisa makombiyuta okukurukurirana kana kuti kudzora maDCROME (SADA).

Tyisidziro Dzinopfuurira (APT) Nevaiti Vehurumende Vanotungamirirwa Nehurumende

APTS yakawedzerwa, nhimbe dzeburedhi kana kuti dzvurudzo dzinonzi dzinonzi nyika nenyika. Mapoka akadai seAPT29 (Cozy Bear) uye APT28 (Fancy Bear) (Flancy) akabatana noungwaru hweRussia (masangano ehurumende, magetsi, uye vatsigiri vemabutiro. [FLT:] 2015 na2016 kurwisa kweIndaneti pagiradhi reUS $ mienzaniso yakakurumbira yemibato yeAPT: vavhozheri vakawana kusvika kure kumitengo yezvo yokudzora maindasitiri, makambani emagetsi, zvichiparira kuputika kwezhezi mukati mechikacha. Uku kurwisa uku kuratidzwa kuti kunobvira kwemichina igwenya yemaza yeUganda.

Ugandanga hweIndaneti hwehurumende hunodzorwa nehurumende hunopfuura utsotsi. Hunovavarira kuparira rutyo, kudzongonyedza mabasa anotsoropodza, uye kuderedza chivimbo chavanhu. Bviro yedenho yakarongeka pamasangano epfuma akawanda panguva imwe cheteyo chiitiko chinotyisa nokuda kwamasangano echengeteko enyika.

Kudzivirira Zvinhu Zvine Nyore Zvikuru: Kuzvidzivirira Kwakawanda

Hapana nzira yokugadzirisa nayo dambudziko iri inokwanisa kudzivirira zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokonzerwa nemagetsi.

Kuiswa Mungozi Kwekuedza Kushanda Nesimba Nokutarisira Kusagadzikana

Kunzvera kwenguva dzose kwechengeteko kunobva panheyo. Masangano anofanira kuita zvipikicha zvokutapurika, kuedza kupinza, uye kurovedza muviri kutsva kuti azive utera. Nokuda kwemhoteredzo dzeOT, tarisiro chaiyo inodikanwa nemhaka yokuti maturusi akawanda etsika okunzvera anogona kudzongonyedza miitiro yeindasitiri. Kunzvera kwekotsekano dzeOT kunoshandisa kunzvera kwokusangwarira uye kwomuviri kuderedza ngozi.

MISHONGA YOKUSHANDISA YOKUSARUDZA inogovera chivako chakagamuchirwa chakapararira nokuda kwokutarisirwa kwengozi, chakarongwa pamabasa mashanu: Ziva, Dziviriro, Dete, Pindurira, uye Kudzorerwa. Vashandisi vazhinji vemitemo inokasha zvino vanoronga mapurogiramu avo nemipimo yeNIST kuva nechokwadi chokufukidzwa kwakazara.

Chirongwa che Network uye chigadzirwa chedock Trust

Chimwe chezvinodzora zvinobudirira zvikurusa ikokubatanidza. Kupfurikidza nokubvisa maOT masangano eOT kubva mumibatanidzwa yeIT yebhizimisi neInternet, masangano anogona kudzivisa kufamba kwepashure kunoitwa navadenhi. Kuchengeteka kwePurdue kwegadziriro yokudzora maindasitiri kunoratidzira mwero yechivimbo nenharaunda dzekudzora. Kutandanisa mitaro yomoto, magedhi asina kudzorwa, uye kusvetuka mabhokisi pamiganhu yenyika kunokosha.

Chiteshi cheZero .Nguva inopa miuyo yezvisakiso, nguva dzose inopupurira kuti / yakawana wirirano mugadziriro inotambudza. Iro rinofungidzira kuti kuputsa hakudzivisiki uye kuti hakuna mushandisi kana kuti chishandisi zvinofanira kuvimbwa nenzira yomuzvarirwo. Panzvimbo pezvo, chikumbiro chokupinda chiri chose chinofanira kusimbiswa, chinobvumirwa, uye chinoramba chisimbiswa. Kudaidzwa kwenhaka yeOT isingatsigiri kusimbisa kusimbisa kwazvino uno uno uno uno uno uno.

Kuongororwa Kunopfuurira uye Kutyisidzirwa

Maturusi okunatsiridza anonzvera kukurumidza kuwanikwa kwemitemo ine ngozi. Rusununguro Nemagetsi (SIEM) anoshandisa matanda anoparadza anobva mhiri kwenetsi, nepo Intrussion Developection Systems (IDS) na Introion Prevention Programmes (IPS) anonzvera zviteshi zvemiitiro yemaindasitiri ine ngozi. MumaOT, maturusi chaiwo akafanana ne [[FL:0]Nozomi Vantage, Dragos Platform, kana kuti Clarotry propritary Programmes proplaties poligicalsss (g., Modbus, DNP3, Protet) nokuda kwezvipome.

Kuongorora mufambiro uye kudzidza michina kunogona kubatsira kuona zviratidzo zvakavanzika zvokubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira kuti kuongorora kwagara kuchiitwa kusaina kungasavapo. Mabhuku okungwarira enguva chaiyo uye ezvitakuriso zvezviitiko zvinokosha kuti ave nengozi dzisati dzakuvadza zvikuru.

Kurovedza Basa Nokungwarira

Chikanganiso chavanhu chinoramba chiri chisakiso chikuru chekuparadza chengeteko. Gadziriro dzokurovedza dzinofanira kuva nechokuziva, utsanana hweshoko, miitiro yokutsvaka yakakotsekana, uye miitiro yokushuma yezvinoitika. Nokuda kwamainjiniya navashandisi vanoshanda namagadziriro ezvokudzora enzvimbo dzamabasa okugadzirwa kwezvinhu, rovedzo inofanira kubatanidza ngozi dzakati dzemhoteredzo dzeOT . Yakadai sengozi yokupinza motokari yomunhu oga yeKS PLC (Mutezo unofambikanwa wePLC).

Kurovedza muviri kwokubatsira vamwe uye kwokurovedza muviri pamusoro petafura kunosanganisira zvose zvikwata zveOT zvinogona kusimbisa pfungwa dzokuchengetedza uye kuvandudza kubatana kwepfungwa pazvinoitika chaizvo.

Kukurumidza Kupindura uye Kufambira Mberi Mubhizimisi

Sangano rimwe nerimwe rinofanira kuva nechirongwa chemhinduro yezviitiko yakanyorwa zvakanaka chinoedzwa nguva dzose. Kana chiri chirongwa chakaoma, chirongwa chacho chinofanira kubatanidza kwete mhinduro dzacho chete asiwo nzira dzokuchengeta nadzo kushanda zvakanaka pachishandiswa kombiyuta padzinomira. Somuenzaniso, kambani yokurapa mvura inofanira kuva nenzvero dzakanyatsoiswa papepa kuti irege kunyora makemikari emotokari painenge ichivhiyiwa paIndaneti.

Gadziriro yakasimba yokunaya ngwavaira inova nechokwadi chokuti kunyange kana gadziriro dzakaparadzwa, dzinogona kudzorerwa mukati memifanikiso inogamuchirika.

Kubatanidzwa nezvinhu zvokunze − zvakadai se CISA’s Cyber Incident Respoits Timu (CIRT) kana kuti hofisi yeFBI yomunzvimbomo inogovera zvinhu zvokuwedzera nouchenjeri mukati mechinoitika chikuru.

Hurumende Nesekete Ravanhu Vari Voga: Mutoro Unogoverana

Kuronga Mabasa Okugadzira Zvinhu Nemipimo Yokuronga

Hurumende dzinoita basa rinokosha mukugadza miganhu yechapamhindi. MuU.S., Murayiro Unodzora 14028 pakuvandudza Kubatana kweMasangano eChinetso chorudzi kuraira kuti pave namasangano anovimba nerokuvaka uye kuvandudza kugovera chengeteko yemakombiyuta. Cybersecurity Model Classive (CMC) nokuda kwezvirongwa zvechidzitiro ne North American Marcibility Relicasueturation Reliation Corporation (NERC) IFRALC) IP)[FLT] mipimo yesimba yemitemo yemitezo yematezo yemassonzeve.

Gadziriro dzinobatanidza kuzvidavirira kukuru. Dzimwe nyika dzakatanga mitemo inoda vashandisi vegadziriro dzinotsoropodza kuti vape mitero yemari yokudzikinura uye kuzivisa vatengi vanotapurwa mukati meimwe frame. European Union’s Network neRusununguro rweNUNICEF [[FL:1] inoisa misengwa yeIndaneti yerumano pamitezo inokosha uye inotsinhiranisa chiitiko chinoshuma mudzimwe nyika dziri mitezo.

Kushandira Pamwe Kwavose Namashoko Anogoverana

Nemhaka yokuti gadziriro dzinonyanyooma ndedzemunhu oga, dziviriro inobudirira inotsamira pamibatanidzwa yavanhu vose yakasimba. Kugoverana mashoko nenzvero (ISAC) zvinobatira senzvimbo dzinovimbwa umo ungwaru hwechikamu hwetyisidziro hunotsiviwa. Somuenzaniso, ] Kusarudza ISAPUROC kwave kuchibatsira mukudzivirira gadziriro dzokuvhota, nepo WATERISAC[FFLT]] kubetsera zviratidziro zvemvura zvinogoveranwa zvokubvumirana.

ZVINOTAURWA NEVAMWE VECHIDUKU VANOBVUNZA KUTI UTSH INOBVUNWA UTS (UK’S) ZVINOTAURWA NEVANHU VANOTAURA ZVINHU ZVINOTAURWA NEMASHOKO ANOITA kuti zvive nyore kubatsira masangano kuti ave nechimiro chakanaka.

Kurangarira Kwesekete

Muiti Wesimba: Grid Iri Kuparadzwa

Groupu yemagetsi ndiyo chinhu chakakomba zvikurusa chegadziriro. Kudzima kukuru kwechakaenzana kunogona kumisa mamwe mativi ose. Tsutsumwa kumitsetse inobatanidza kwete bedzi kurwisa kwekombiyuta asiwo denho dzomuviri pakudzorwa kwemibato yemakemikari yakachenjera uye kugovera kuvandudzwa kwesimba. Wedzero mukuparadzira zvinhu zvemagetsi nerokuchengeta bhatiri rezuva.

Nationalral Reneunebrary Energy Laboratory (NREL) nemamwe masangano okunzvera ari kutanga gadziriro dzekushandisa kombiyuta negadziriro dzakachengeteka dzekurukurirano nokuda kwemavara enguva yemberi. Zvisinei, gadziriro zhinji dzinoramba dziri mungozi, uye kutsiviwa kwevachinji navaka kunogona kuva makumi amakore akawanda.

Mvura Negadziriro Dzemvura Dzinoraswa

Muna 2021, mumwe mushandi wemabhakitiriya akawana nzvimbo iri kure yokurapirwa mvura muOldsmar, Florida, uye akaedza kuwedzera kuisa mari mumvura pamwero ine ngozi. Kurwisa kwacho kwakadziviswa nomushandisi akangwarira, asi kwakasimbisa kuti mudenhi akatsunga aigona sei kukuvadza mugove wemvura womunzanga.

Majekiseni mazhinji emvura anoshanda nebhajeti rakaganhurirwa navadzori venhaka. American Water Works Association (AWWA) yakabudisa ngozi nemupimo wokugona kugadziridza uyo unobetsera vateshi kuyera kukura kwavo kwekombiyuta ndokutanga zvirongwa. Hurumende yeFederal inopiwa pamutemo weBipartisan Infragradactive Link kubetsera kuvandudza gadziriro dzemvura duku nedzemitsetse dzinovandudza dziviriro dzayo dzeIndaneti.

Kufamba uye Kuongorora Zvinhu

Zvekufambisa zvazvino uno zvinotsamira zvikuru pamichina yemichina: kudzorwa kwendege, chitima chokuratidzira, vatariri vemabhokisi ezvitima, uye kufamba nemotokari dzinozvitonga. Kudzongonyedza kwekombiyuta kunoparadza kufamba kwendege kungagona kuparira nyonga nengozi. Pipeline Cyberline Cyricking of 201 yakanga iri danidzo yakacherekedzwa kwete bedzi nokuda kwechikamu chesimba asiwo nokuda kweindasipi ipi neipi inofamba nezvinhu. [[FLTY:0] Kudzivirira kunoshanda mumuviri (TS) kwakatanga kubudisa mirayiridzo yokudzivirira inoda vashanyi vanoshuma zviito zvakatinhimiraidzwa uye kutakura zviito zvakati.

Kutarisira Utano Noutano Hwavose

Zvipatara zvinenge zviri nyajambwa anotapurwa zvikuru. Kuchinjirwa kuzvinyorwa zvezveutano zvemagetsi (EHR), telemedicine, uye midziyo yezvokurapa yakabatana zvakavandudza tarisiro yomurwere asi zvakakudzawo njodzi. Kurwisa kwerasporation pazvipatara kwakatungamirira kukuvadzisa kuvhiya, tarisiro yekurumidziro, uye kuputsa mashoko emurwere. The Health Insolation Portability and Accostability Act (HIPAA) inogovera gadziriro yokudzosera, asi mapurisa atova necherekedzo. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, Dhipati reHomendimendi yezve yezve neHS (HS) yakabvisa zviitiko zvekupindura zveIndaneti naCISA.

Kusangana Kwemakombiyuta Nengozi Dzeramangwana

Uchenjeri Hwokugadzira Nokudzidza Michina

AI neML mapakatwa ane mativi maviri akakoshwa. Kurutivi rwokuzvidzivirira, zvinogonesa kuonekwa nokukurumidza kwevanotya kutyisidzira, kuvhima kunongozviitikira voga, uye kugadziridzwa kwokudzivirira. Kurutivi rwakaipa, vavhozhe vanogona kushandisa AI kugadzira maemail anopwisa zvikuru, maemail anotenderwa anotenderwa, kana kuti maarabhu anodzivisa kurwisana nehosha kupfurikidza nokudzidza mitoo yayo. Bviro yeIP - simba, zvombo zveIVCM iitiro inokura.

Indaneti Yezvinhu (IOT) uye Ruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu

Kuwanda kwemichina yeIoT , mavalvre akabatana, michina inoongorora iri kure yakavandudzika zvikuru asi yakakudzawo pamusoro pedenho. Michina yeIOT haina kuchengeteka kwaidzo, ine mashoko okusagadzirwa, uye inogamuchira michina mishomanene. Mumhoteredzo, kubatana neIOT inosuma michina mitsva inogona kushandiswa navavengi. SSdan uye dzimwe injini dzokunzvera nguva dzose dzinowana gadziriro dzokudzora maindasitiri neIN, ngozi yakakomba.

Quantum PEGO

Quantam compution inoisa tyisidziro refu kukero yavose, iyo inoparira kurukurirano dzakakotsekana, siginicha yemitemo, uye kuiswa kwemitemo. Komu yeramya ine simba rakakwana ingagona kuputsa RSA neECC complection, ingagona kushandura mashoko enhau nekurukurirano dzazvino uno. National Institute of Direfectal and Technology (NIST) iri kutovamba kurangarira maatomu epost-canoloji, uye vagadziri vemitengi vadzo vadzorerwe vadzore.

Kuvaka Tsika Yokuva Nomutsauko

Pakupedzisira, kudzivirira zvinhu zvinokosha kunoda zvakawanda kupfuura ruzivo rwekugadzira zvinhu negadziriro; kunoda kuchinja kwetsika. Kuzvidzora kunofanira kuiswa mumagadzirirwo egadziriro dzezvinhu kubva pakutanga-kutanga. Izvi zvinoreva kubatanidza kuchengeteka kweIndaneti mukuwana, kugadzira, kugadziridza, uye kushanda. Zvinoreva kuziva kuti hakuna dziviriro yakakwana uye kuti mano okuziva, kupindura, uye kupora nokukurumidza anokosha sokudzivirira.

Batira pamwe renyika yose rinokoshawo. Tyisidziro dzeCyber Hangelds hadziremekedzi miganhu. Dare reBhudapest paCybercrime nekurukurirano dzeChibatanwa chaMarudzi pamusoro pomufambiro wemutoro muIndaneti inopa miganhu yokubatira pamwe. Kurovedza kwamarudzi akawanda, kwakadai seLocked Shiets akarongwa neNATO Cootive Coo Confence Cyber Defence Centrence Center of Excellence, kunobetsera marudzi kudzivirira zvivako zvinotsoropodza pamwe chete.

Mugumisiro: Kupesvedzera Kwedziviriro Dzinonyandura

Mishonga yemitengo yakatarisana negadziriro dzegadziriro dzakasiana---mbimbimbi, yakakwirira, uye ine ngozi zvikuru. Masangano eCybercrime, vapfumi, magandanga, uye nyika dzose dzose dzine vavariro dzokushandisa zvisakafanira mumiitiro inodzora nyika yedu. Hakuna mhinduro imwe, asi nzira inodzorwa yokubatanidza njodzi, rovedzo yakakwirira yavashandi, kurovedzana kwakasimba, uye kuvandudzika kunopfuurira kunogona kuderedza zvikuru ngozi. Hurumende neboka ravanhu vanofanira kushanda nemaoko kuti vaise mipimo, kugoverana ungwaru, uye kuisa mari mukugadziridza. Sezvinoita tyisidziro, naizvozvo zvirongwa zvedu zvinofanira kurangarirwa kwete bedzi mumari, asi muchengeteko yapachena, uye kuvimba navanhu vazvinosaririra. Kuramba kushanda nokungwarira ndiko kusingakwani.

Kuravazve, nongedzera ku CONSA] SECURA SESCITES yeCFRALTYURETURE peji], [[FLT:] yeya-[FLT][FLT], yeya-[FLT], yeya-[FLT], yeya-[FLT], yeya-[FLT]