Kudzivirirwa Kwekodzero Dzezvinhu Nekodzero Dzevanhu muIreland

Ireland yakaziva kare kuti maruramiro makuru epfuma yepfuma yedzidzo yazvino uno, yemisiano. Senyika duku, yakavhurika inovimba zvikuru nokuchengetedzwa kwemitengo yakananga yokumwe (FDI) uye kusiiwa kwedzimwe nyika, miitiro yezvokutengeserana yeIreland inoisa nzvimbo yokutanga yakakwirira pakugadzira mhoteredzo yepamutemo neyokudzosera kudzokororwa uko zvose zviri zviviri zvinodzivirira IPR uye zvinokurudzira kuyerera kwepfungwa, ruzivo rwamabasa oruzivo rwazvino uno. Nyaya ino inonzvera shoorwa kwemibato inokosha yeIPR mumitengo yayo yezvokutengeserana, pesvedzero yezvokutengeserana yamarudzi ose, uye denho dzenguva yemberi dzinotarisana nenyika mumisi yokutengesa yenyika yose inowedzera.

Zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nenyanzvi − zvichibviswa kubva pakodzero nezviratidzo kusvikira kukodzero dzekubudisira maruramiro namaindasitiri — kazhinji kazhinji ndicho chinhu chinokosha zvikurusa chemasangano mazhinji amarudzi akawanda anoshanda muIreland. Musengwa wenyika kusimbisa dziviriro yeIPR hausi musengwa wapamutemo mukuwirirana nezvibvumirano zvamarudzi ose zvakadai seChibvumirano cheTradetical Prequalitical Rights of Intellication Rights (TRIPS) asi chishandiso chinokosha chokukwezva kuisa mari yakakwirira, kusimudzira kuvandudziko yomunzvimbomo, uye kuchengeta mukurumbira wacho somubiyayo anovimbwa uye anovimbwa.

Kudzivirira IPR MuIreland

Mitemo mikuru inodzora zvinhu zvenyanzvi inosanganisira Patens Act 1992 (sokugadziridza), Trade Marks Act 1996, Copyright and Corigint Rights Act 2000, uye Industrial Desigments Act 2001. Mitemo iyi inotongedzerwa kuburikidza nemubatanidzwa wemasangano ehurumende, matare, uye zviremera zvetsika.

Vatsigiri

Patens muIreland inopiwa pasi pePatents Act 1992, iyo inopa makore 20 edziviriro nokuda kwezviitwa zvitsva, inobatanidza nhano itsva, uye inokwanisa kushanda kwenzvimbo dzamabasa. Ireland inoshanda zvose zviri zviviri gadziriro yorudzi uye ihurumende inotora rutivi muEuropean Paten Convention (EPC). Irish Patents Office inonzvera kunyoresa nokupa vagari vemo venyika, nepo European Paten Office (EPO) inogona kupa zviremera zveEurope izvo zvinosimbiswa muIreland. Mukuwedzera, Ireland inoumbwa kutora rutivi runokosha ruchabatanidza zvinobvumirwa kupinda munyika dzeEUPA dzinobatanidzwa uye dzinoderedza ndyiko dzemari yemabhizimisi dzinoshanda munyika dzose dzeIUS.

Kugadzirwa kwemitemo kwezvirongwa zvevashandi, kubhadharwa kwemishonga, uye kudzorwa kwemishonga, kusanganisira mirayiro uye kukuvadzwa.

Zviratidzo Zvebhizimisi

Trade Marks Act 1996 inodzora kunyoresa kwezita nokudzivirira muIreland. Inowirirana nomutemo weUROM uye inobvumira zvose zviri zviviri chiratidzo chenyika neEuropean Union (ETM). Office yeIrish Paents inobata kunyoresa kwerudzi, nepo European Union Intelletating Prejuation Office (EIPO) inodzora EUTMS. Trackers inogona kubatanidza mashoko, zviratidzo, magariro, misimbo, kana kuti kunyange kunhuwidza, chero bedzi izvo zvine mukurumbira uye zvinokwanisa kuratidzira. Zviito zveEuropeanstective Policial Office, rutivi rwedare rekutengesa reIsh Court, iro rine nyanzvi yeIP.

Nokuda kwamabhizimisi ayo anoshambadzira zvikurukuru mukati meIreland, chiratidzo chenyika chinoramba chiri chisarudzo chinoparira mutengo. Kune avo vane zvishuvo zvakafara zveEU, EUTM inofukidza nyika dzose dziri mitezo nokumbiriso imwe. Ireland inonamatirawo kuMadrid Protocol, ichigonesa kunyoresa zita renyika yose kupfurikidza neWorld Intelective Presation Organization (WIPO).

Kopi

Kopi dzecopyright muIreland dzinodzorwa neCopyright and Confligion Rights Act 2000, iyo inoshandisa mirayiro yakawanda yeEU, kusanganisira iya iri pakodzero dzekuburitsa mashoko pamusika mumwe chete. Chiito chacho chinodzivirira mabhuku epakutanga, anonakidza, nziyo, uye mabasa ezvokudhirowa, uyewo mafirimu, makarekodhi, marekodhi enzwi, marekodhi, marekodhi, uye madhibhuroku. Kudzivirira kunovapo pachisiko uye kwagara kwoupenyu hwose hwemunyori wacho pamwe chete namakore 70.

Mutemo wekodzero dzekodzero dzekubudisira mashoko muIreland unosanganisira urongwa hwokuita zvinhu zvakanaka (g., hwokutsvakurudza, kuongorora kwoga, kutsoropodza, kudzokorora, uye kushuma nhau) uyewo zvisiri zvedzidzo nezvinonyorwa. Kombiyuta Review Board inobatsira kugadzirisa kusawirirana kunosanganisira kuisa mashoko ekodzero panzvimbo dzadzo. Nhau dzemadhigirii dzakadai sokugoverana, kudira kodzero, uye kudzivirira shopu dzinoda kunyorwa dzinotaurwawo.

Maindasitiri

Chirongwa cheIndustrial Designt 2001 chinodzivirira kuonekwa kwechinhu, kusanganisira mitsetse, mavara, mavara, magadzirirwo, uye zvinhu. Magadzirirwo anonyoreswa anoshanda makore anosvika 25 oga oga. Ireland inotorawo rutivi muEU Registered Community Decture EUIPO. Zvirongwa zvisina kunyoreswa zvinowana dziviriro yenhambo pfupi (makore matatu) pasi pomutemo weEU.

Kumanikidza uye Kushandisa Michina

Kuchengetwa kwemitemo kunoshanda kunonyanya kutsigira gadziriro ipi neipi yeIPR. Ireland yakatanga gadziriro yokuchengetedza yakagadzirwa negadziriro dzakawanda dzinobatanidza matare chaiwo, matare okutarisira, uye zviremera zvetsika.

Matare EIP Nezviito Zvorupo

Dare Rapamusoro reIreland rine dare reChount Dare reChongedzero rinonzwa kukakavadzana kweIP kwakaoma, kubatanidza kudzorwa kwemitemo yakatenderwa. Vatongi vari muiyi boka vanowana ruzivo mumutemo wezvinhu uye vanogona kupa mirairo, mibayiro, uye kuraira kupiwa kana kuti kuparadzwa kwezvinhu zvinoputswa. Darewo rine simba rokupa kunzvera nokubvumwa kwemhosva (Mirayiro yePilller) kuti vachengete mumhaka dzokufungidzirwa kuva dzenhema kana kuti dzoumbimbiso. Nokuda kwezvikamu zviduku, Dare renharaunda neDare reruwa rine simba rinoganhurirwa, asi kupfuudzira kukurusa kweIPU.

Hofisi yeIrish Paents

Office yeIrish Paents (IPO) idare guru rehurumende rine mutoro wokutarisirwa kwemavara, zviratidzo, uye marusando akanyoreswa. Kunze kwokunyoresa, IPO inogovera masero okunzvera, inobudisa magazini epamutemo, uye inopa mabasa okubudisa nokuda kwegakava reIP. Hofisi inosimudzirawo kuziva kodzero dzeIP pakati pemabhizimisi eIreland uye vanhu, kubudisa zvinotungamirira uye kuva nemisangano. Inoshanda pasi peBato reEnteprise, Trade, and Brought.

Tsika Nesimba Romuganhu

Zviremera zvetsika pachiteshi chengarava nenhandare dzendege zveIreland zvinoita basa rinokosha mukudzivisa zvinhu zvenhema uye zvinofambiswa kunze kweEU. Mumirairo yetsika dzeEU, vane kodzero dzekodzero vanogona kunyorera zviito zvetsika dzetsika (Kuda kufungira kudzoreka zvinhu) nokunyora basa renyika kana kuti reEU mupasi rose. Vashandisi veRevenue Commissioner vanoshanda pamwe chete zvikuru nehofisi yeEurope yeUNICEF) uye hofisi yeEurope yePUIPO yokuziva nokutora zvinhu zvenhema. Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, shatisvosvei dzakabatanidza mishonga yenhema, magirabhu, zvinhu zvoumbo, uye zvikamu zvemotokari zvemotokari.

Kushandira Pamwe uye Kuvaka Zvipatara Munyika Yose

Senhengo yeEurope Union, Ireland inoitawo basa musangano rokuita kuti zvinhu zvirambe zvichitevedzwa reIPR muEU, kubatanidza EU Observatory on Infringement of Intellical Precial Rights. Mutumbi uyu unogoverana miitiro yakanakisisa, zvidzidzo, uye unowedzera kuziva kwavose. Ireland inoshingairawo muWorld Trade Organization yeTrade Council for TRIPS neWorld Intelligatellic Proce Organization (WIPO). Batsirano yezvokutengeserana nevamwe vezvokutengeserana, seUnited States, Canada, uye China, inobatanidza kugoverana mashoko uye mabasa okutarisira. Masangano eIreland anogoveranobhurogi inogoverawo betsero yezvoruzivo rwokushanda munyika dziri kubudirira paIPR.

Tsika Dzokutengeserana Nezvibvumirano Zvemarudzi Ose

Kusvika kweIreland kumuitiro weIPR mukutengeserana kwakaumbwa zvikuru nemitezo yayo muEuropean Union, iyo inobata kurukurirano zhinjisa dzokunze nokuda kwenyika dziri mitezo. Zvisinei, Ireland inochengeta mutemo wayo imene weIPR yorudzi uye inoita nhano dzakati dzezvikamu nezvizhinji.

Chikamu cheEuropean Union

EU ine nzira yakagadziridzwa yokuita kuti ipe mari iende kupfurikidza nemirairo nemirairo yakadai seEndictment Directive (2004/48/EC), Directline on the Protection of Trade Secrets (206/ 943), uye Digital Single Meketing Recomple Directive (209/790). Ireland yakapinza izvi mumutemo werudzi, ichivimbisa mwero usingachinji wedziviriro muEUNICEF. EU inokurukurawo zvibvumirano zvokutengesa zvinosanganisira maganhuro akasimba eIPR, akadai sePUMrehense Site Economic Economic Reconficial Reconvement (CEta) neEUPUR) neEUNICE-Japan Economic Convention. Zvibvumirano izvi zvinowanzobatanidza kuwedzerwa kwenzvimbo yeUS, matepicccclatection, uye zvitejinga akawedzerwa.

Kurangarira kwePst-Brexit

Kubuda kweUnited Kingdom kubva muEU kwakava nerevo huru nokuda kwedziviriro dzeIPR, zvikurukuru nokuda kwamabhizimisi eIreland ayo aivimba kare nedziviriro yakapararira yeUK. Somuenzaniso, zvinyorwa zveEuropean Union negadziriro dzenzanga hazvisati zvichizotambanukirazve kuUK. Somuuyo, vatakuri vekodzero dzeIRLAND vanofanira zvino kutsvaka dziviriro yakaparadzana muUK. UK, zvisinei, vanoramba vakasimba kupfurikidza neIUC Traveaty Areant nebatira pamwe yemitemo, kubatanidza IPR. Ireland inotsigira kurongedzerwa neUK panhau dzeIP kupfavisa shato, asi paradzano dzapamutemo dzinoda kungwarira mumabhizimisi.

Zvibvumirano Zvepabonde uye Kutengesa

Kunyange zvazvo EU ichiitisa kurukurirano zhinjisa dzezvokutengeserana, Ireland ine zvibvumirano zvayo imene zvezvibvumirano zvechibharo paIPR, zvikurukuru nenyika dzisiri EU umo makambani eIreland anoisa mari yakawanda. Somuenzaniso, Ireland ine Metrindandum yeUnderstant (Mou) paIPR neChina uye inotsigira nokushingaira kurukurirano yeU paIPR. Mukurumbira wakasimba weIreland wokutonga mutemo uye IPR inorevererwa nenzira inorevesa. Zvirongwa zvebhizimisi zveIPR zvinokwezva makambani okupinda muEurope yemisika yeUrish. Zvibvumirano zvebhizimisi zvamasangano ehurumende yeIreland, zvakadai seInprise Ireland neIPR Ireland, nguva dzose zvinosimbisa simba reIPR sepfundo guru rokutengesa.

Kutapura KweIPR Pakutengeserana Nokuchengeta Mari kweIreland

Itapuro yemitemo yeIPR yeIreland pakushanda kwayo kwokushambadza ndeyechokwadi uye inopfuudzira. Nzvero ya2019 neEurope Paten Office neEUIPO yakawana kuti IPR-intenstein yakawana kuti inopfuura 40% yeIPDP yeIreland ne 30% yebasa rayo. Mamiriro okunze enyika anodiwa IPR ave ari chisakiso chikuru mukukwezva nzvero yenyika nekubudirira (R&D) zvivakwa zvinogadzirwa nenyanzvi dzemishonga sePfizer, Johnson & Johnson, uye Merck, pamwe chete navatungamiriri vemichina yakadai saGoogle, Apple, uye Microsoft.

Aya masangano amarudzi akawanda anowanzowana dzimbahwe rawo reEurope nemibato mikuru yeR&D muIreland, zvikurukuru nemhaka yedziviriro dzapamutemo dzakasimba nokuda kwedzinovakwa namavara avo, maruramiro okunyoresa, uye zvakavanzika zvokutengeserana. Kuvapo kwavashandi vane unyanzvi, mwero yemitero yemakambani, uye gadziriro yapamutemo yavose yakafanana neUnited States inokudzazve kukwirira. Somuuyo, Ireland yazova muzinda wenyika yose nokuda kwokutarisirwa kwezvinhu zvamanoruzivo nemhizha, namakambani akawanda akabata IP phoolios awo muIlands commons remitemo yeIreland.

Nokuda kwamabhizimisi eIPR eIreland, dziviriro yakasimba inovagonesa kukwikwidzana munyika yose. Mabhizimisi maduku napakati anogona kudzivirira zvivako nezviratidzo zvokudzivirira zvinotangwa zvavo, kukwidziridza kukoshesa kwavo nokugonesa kuwedzerwa kwedzimwe nyika. Office yeIreland Paents inopa kuderedzwa kwemibhadharo nokuda kwemasero maduku-duku kukurudzira kunyoreswa kweIP. Commentaq reFirigiea neSME IP Voucher, rinopiwa naEnteppere Ireland, rinopa tsigiro yemari nokuda kwezano renyanzvi yeIP.

Mienzaniso Yesekete: Farma uye Ruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu

Muchikamu chemishonga, Ireland mutengi mukuru wokutengesa mishonga nezvishandiso zvokurapa. Kudzivirira kwemishonga kunodzivirira kunonyanya nemhaka yendyiko huru yeR&D uye nguva refu yokubudirira. Mitemo yokuwedzera yapaIreland yapamutemo (tsamba dzinowedzera dzinodzivirira mishonga nezvinodzivirira zvirimwa) inobvumira vagadziri kutsiva kunonoka kwemiraudzo. Nyika yacho inewo mitemo yakasimba yemashandiro anodzivirira mashoko okuedza kweakiriniki kwamakore anoverengeka pashure pokushandisa bhizimisi.

Kuchinja kweEU Copyright Directive kunopa vagadziri nezvikamu zvakajeka zviri mumashoko anoshandiswa paIndaneti. Nyika yacho inobatsirwawo neGeneral Data Protection Regimestition (GDPR), iyo, nepo ichinyanya kutaura nezvemashoko emunhu oga, inokurukurirana nekodzero dzepfuma munzvimbo dzakadai sokutarisira kodzero dzekodzero dzemunhu.

Matambudziko Nenhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi

Pasinei nokuti itsika dzeIPR dzakasimba, inoramba ichitarisana nematambudziko anoda kuti irambe ichichinja.

Kuchinja Kwezvigadzirwa Zvemagetsi Kunokurumidza

Kumuka kwouchenjeri hwokugadzira (II), 3D kudhinda, blockchain, uye Indaneti yeZvinhu (IOT) zvinopa mibvunzo mitsva nokuda kwedziviriro yeIPR. Somuenzaniso, ndiani ane maruramiro ekodzero mumabasa akagadzirwa neAl? Hurumende yeIreland inogona sei kuronga mutemo unogara nezvigadzirwa zveAIII? Ireland, somutezo weEU, iri kubetsera kunhamburiko dzeEurope dzokugadzira gadziriro yeIP, kubatanidza mativi eIPR. Hurumende yeIreland yakabudisawo zvirongwa zveIP yorudzi izvo zvinosimbisa kudikanwa kwokuvandudza mitemo yeIP kuti ive nechokwadi chokuti irambe yakakodzera nokuda kwedonzo.

Kugadzira Mari Yenhema uye Kugadzira Zvinhu Nemagetsi

Zvinhu zvemhosho zvinoramba zviri chinetso chikuru muIreland, zvikurukuru muzvitoro zvoumbozha, zvemagetsi, uye zvemishonga. Zvikuva zveUNES zvinopfavisa kutengeswa kwezvinonyepedzera, kazhinji kazhinji kunobva mhiri kwamakungwa. Njodzi dzetsika pamiganhu yeIreland dzawedzera mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya, asi ukuru huchiri pamusoro pe. Ireland inotsigira kutanga kweEU nokuda kwe “basa rekunyepedzera, kubatanidza matanho okuita basa remitezo yemakombiyuta uye kuvandudza kushandira pamwe pakati pemakombiyuta nekodzero.

Kudzikamisa IPR nokuwana uye makwikwi

Kune kusawirirana kunopfuurira pakati pedziviriro yakasimba yeIPR nokudikanwa kwokuwana kwokugona kugadzira mishonga, unyanzvi, uye mabasa okugadzira. Ireland ine gadziriro dzokumanikidzira kuvhiya nokufarira vanhu uye nokuda kwokukwikwidzana mishonga inorwisana nokushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwenzvimbo yakakwirira. Kubatanidza pakati peIPR namakwikwikwi kwakaoma, uye matare eIreland anotevera zvikuru mipimo yeEU. Kukurukurirana pamusoro pemiitiro yemonocroon iri mumishonga inokosha kwakawana ngwariro mukati medenda reCHOVID19, umo Ireland yakatsigira kugadzirwa kwechinguvana kweWTO.

Brexit Nezvinozoitika

Breexit inopfuurira kuparira kusavimba. Mabhizimisi eIreland ayo aivimba kare pamatare eUK nokuda kwokuchengetwa kwamaruramiro eEU ose anofanira kugadziridza. Kurasikirwa nokuchengetwa kuri nyore kwemitengi inoyambuka neUK, mubiyake wezvokutengeserana mukurusa weIreland, idenho inoshanda. Zvibvumirano zvebiteteal zvingaderedza ikoku, asi nhevedzano yakakwana haibviri. Mitemo yebhizimisi yeIreland naizvozvo inonangidzirwa zvikuru pakusimbisa kuchengetwa kweIPR mukati meEU neukama hwebhizimisi hunowedzera kuderedza rutsamiro pamusika weUK.

Dzidzo Nokungwarira

Mitengo yakawanda nevanotenga muIreland vanoramba vasingazivi kukosha kweIPR kana kuti nzira yokuidzivirira nayo. Dzimwe nguva zvinhu zvokuvhotera zvinotengwa zvisingazivi kana kuti nemhaka yokuti mitengo yakaderera. Ireland yakatanga nhimbe kupfurikidza neIrish Paents Office uye Enterprise Ireland kuti ipase kungwa. IP Helpdesk neHub zvinogovera zviteshi. Mitemo yenguva yemberi ichawedzera mari nokuda kwedzidzo yeIP muzvikoro, mayunivhesiti, uye masangano ebhizimisi.

mhedziso

Mitemo yezvokutengeserana yeIreland pakodzero dzemari inodzivirira dzidzo imuenzaniso weFD, yorupo inotsamira patsva, shopu, uye kutengeserana kwenyika dzakawanda. Nokuchengeta gadziriro yapamutemo yakasimba, nzira dzokuita kuti vanhu varambe vari muEU neIPR yepasi pose, Ireland yaita nzvimbo umo unyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu nokugadzira zvinhu zvinobhadharwa. Kuchinja kwemitengo yemitengo yeraundi yeIPR, uye kupfuudzana kwemibato yezvokutengeserana kunoramba kuchipfuudzwa. Kushata kuri pachena muFD, maindasitiriji akabudirira, uye mwero yakakwirira yeIPR, uye mibato yemari inovakwa nepfuma. Zvisinei, nyika haisidziki. Chinjo yemichina cherapidhi yemikoro inopfumba, uye kudzo dzinopfuurira kuraira kungwarira nyika nguva dzose. Nokuda kwemabhizimisi anotaririra kuvadziko, muindasimu, mukutengeserana, muIreland, uye muIreland, nzvimbo inovadziko inova inova inova inova inova inova inova inotendwa zvikuru muva upfumi.

Nokuda kwamashoko akawanda paIPR muIreland, shanyira hofisi yePUTAR yeISP] , , [[FLT]] Eupan Union Information Office [[[FLT:]], uye [[FLT:] World Post Organization [[FLT][FT]]. Rugwaro rwakazara rweTRIPS runowanika pa World Tradetion]