Kufamba Kunoita Mitemo Nemitemo Kunoita Kuti Pave Nokurega Basa Nokushanda

Mitemo pazvose zviri zviviri mwero wehurumende nehurumende ine tapuro yakananga neinogara pachengeteko yemari yavapunzi. Mitemo yavanopfuudza inotema chinhu chiri chose kubva pakuti mari yomudyandigere inopinzwa sei ndokugona kugadziridzwa kuti betsero dzinowanwa sei, kuti ndiani ari kukwaniriswa, uye kunyange zera apo vanhu vanogona kurega basa. Kuvanhu vanoshanda uye vanorega basa zvakafanana, kunzwisisa muitiro wemitemo uri seri kweiyi mitemo kunokosha nokuda kwokuronga kwavo vamene basa. Nyaya inonzvera nzira iyo mitemo inoumba nayo kupera basa nemitemo, inosimbisa nayo mutemo mukuru wenhau newemisi ichangobva kupfuura, uye inokurukura zvinetso zvinotarisana nazvo navagadziri vemitemo mukuvimbisa kuchengeteka kwenguva refu yokurega basa.

Gadziriro Yomutemo Yetsika Yokurega Basa

Mutemo wepenjeni nemitemo yomudyandigere zvinotanga sezvo musengwa unotangwa mudare remitemo . Zvingava dare rehurumende reU.S. Mutemo unonongedzerwa kudare rakakodzera, rakadai seDare reSamende reMari kana kuti House Ways uye Ay Committee yehurumende pamwero wehurumende, kana kuti dare repenjeni nerokurega basa. Matare anova nokunzwa uko nyanzvi, vatsigiri, uye vakuru vakuru vakuru vesangano vanopupurira. Mutemo wacho unoiswa chiratidzo, kugadziriswa, uye kuvhota. Kana ichitai dare racho, rinoenda mukamuri rakazara nokuda kwekurukurirano yehurumende uye kuvhota. Muitiro wacho unogona kutora mwedzi kana kuti makore.

Pashure pokupfuura namakamuri ose ari maviri neyananiso ipi neipi yemisiyano, mutengi wacho unoenda kumukuru mukuru (Mutungamiriri wehurumende kana kuti gavhuna wehurumende) nokuda kwokusaina. Pakangoisirwa, mutemo unoiswa namasangano ehurumende akadai seSocial Security Administration kana kuti gadziriro yepenjeni yehurumende yemidyandigere. Muitiro wemitemo unovimbisa kuti mirangariro mizhinji ive neyakawanda (kubatanidza yavashandi vanorega basa, vashandirwi, vashandirwi, uye vabhadhari vemi wemitero) isati yatonge yaita basa.

Hurumende Juristition

Kurega basa nemitemo yomudyandigere muUnited States zvinodzorwa nemubatanidzwa wemitemo yehurumende nehurumende. Hurumende yehurumende inotarisira Social Security . chirongwa chikurusa chekurega basa chavose kupfurikidza neSocial Security Act uye kugadziriswa kwapashure. Inodzorawo gadziriro dzemushandirwi nomuripo wePresito kupfurikidza nePunience Infection Intergated Act (ERISA), iyo inogadza mipimo mishomanene yemari yepeni yesangano renyika yenzanga ne 401 yemitemo yemari uye zvirongwa zvehurumende, pane rumwe rutivi rwemigumisiro. Hurumende, parumwe rutivi, dzinodzora gadziriro dzebasa yavose nokuda kwavadzidzisitiri, vadzivisi, vakuru vakuru vemapurisa, uye vamwe vashandi vomunzvimbomo vomunzvimbomo vomunzvimbomo. Nyika iyi inoita kuti zviite mabasa ose epavhuro.

Kubatsira Kunoita Mitemo Nenzira Yakananga

Kana mitemo yangoitwa, yokurega basa inogona kuchinja uwandu hwebetsero dzinogamuchirwa nevanoenda pamudyandigere, mamiriro ezvinhu avanogona kuwana makomborero iwayo, uye utano hwemari hwegadziriro yomudyandigere pachawo.Kunzwisisa izvi kunobatsira vagari vemo kuona chikonzero nei nharo dzemitemo pamusoro penhau yemitemo yokurega basa nokuda kwezvikwama zvavo vamene nechengeteko yomunguva yemberi.

Batsirwa Nokuchinja Kwemaverengero

Mitemo yakawanda yomudyandigere inozivisa kuti mari inoverengwa sei. Somuenzaniso, mutemo ungachinja fomura inoshandiswa kusarudza mari inobhadharwa gore negore, yakadai sokuchinja mari yokuwedzera (g., 2% yemari inobhadharwa paavhareji pagore yebasa panzvimbo pe2.C.C.C.G., mitemo inogona kugadziridza mutoo wemari inobhadharwa paavhareji yemari yokupedzisira, yakadai sepanosvika makore matatu panzvimbo peshanu, inongoda kuwedzera mibayiro. Nhando, mari inotengwa nokuchinja mari ishoma kana kuti kubviswa kuti ichengetedze mari. Illinoni, somuenzaniso, inopfuudzawo mutemo muya 2013 pamusoro pemitengo yazvinobviswa pamitengo, asi dare gurusa rapashure yakaumba. Iyi inotonge iri ishoma nokuda kwemiba mari inodzo inodzo yakatambira mari.

Kupa Nokutsigira

Mitemo inogona kuraira mipiro yakawedzerwa kubva kuvashandi, vashandirwi, kana kuti zvose zviri zviviri kuderedza gadziriro dzemidyandigere yakatsaurwa. Somuenzaniso, Pensionees of Public Penicess Reformation Act yeCalifornia ya2013 yakasimudza mwero yemipiro yavashandi nokuda kwemibayiro mitsva ndokuderedza mibayiro. Nenzira yakafanana, mitemo yehurumende yakadai sePension Protection Protection Act ya2006 yakatsikwa mari yemari yezvirongwa zvebhizimisi nokuda kwezvirongwa zvemari zvakarondedzerwa, ichida kuti makambani achengetedze zvizere zvipikirwa zvawo zvomudyandigere. Mitengo iyi inodzivisa kudzo yokuchinja mibayiro yezvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi uye kuvimbisa kuti mari ibhadharwe. Zvisinei, mari inowedzerwa mari inogona kuderedza mari yokubhadhara vashandi uye kuwedzera mari nokuda kwevashandi, nguva nenguva dzinotungamirira kuderedza zvimwe zvinobatsira zvevashandi kana kuti vabhadharwe.

Kukwanisa Kushanda Nezera Rokurega Basa Zvinogadziridzwa

Imwe nhambo inozivikanwa navose yewirirano yemitemo iri kuchinja mipimo ye [[FLT: 0] yokusashanda nokuda kwebetsero dzemudyandigere. Ikoku kunobatanidza kukwidziridza zera iro vashandi vanogona kumira basa nebetsero dzakazara. Somuenzaniso, Koreshi yeNzanga yeNzanga yeNdengedzero yakakwana yemidyandigere yakawedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma kubva pa 65 (yaavo vakaberekwa gore ra19595) kusvikira 67 (yaavo vakaberekwa pashure pa 1959) kupfuvura nokupera kwemidyandidzo yakapfuudzwa muna 1983. Gastora madenderedzwa epansi rakareji rakarendawo zvakafanana mazera akakodzera anenge 55 kusvikira ku 62 kana 65 nokuda kwemipato mibairo mitsva mitsva inokatarisa mirefu mirefu uye kuderedza mutengo murefu wenguva refu. Mimwe mitemo inoitawo kupedza nguva yapamberi. Zvisarudzo zvamanyurwo] Kushanda zvamatsva zvikuru.

Mitemo Mikuru Inotapura Kurega Basa

Mitemo yakawanda yakachinja chaizvo nzvimbo yokurega basa muUnited States uye inoramba ichichinja nyaya dzemagakava mazuva ano.

Kuchengeteka Munzanga kwa1935

Zvichida mutemo unokosha zvikurusa wati wambopfuudzwa nokuda kwechengeteko yokurega basa, Sacial Security Act yakatanga purogiramu yeinishuwarenzi yakare yehurumende inotsigirwa nemari inobhadharwa nemitero. Yakagadzira dziviriro nokuda kwamamirioni akura avanhu vakatarisana nenhamo yepenjeni. Kuchinja kwakawedzera mitero yakawedzerwa, betsero dzeremarara, uye mitero nebetsero. Purogiramu zvino inogovera inenge 3024% yemari inobhadharwa yapamberi yapamberi inotarwa napasatinenge nguva dzose, kunyange zvazvo isina kumboitwa samanyuko bedzi okurega basa. Zvikarakadzo zvapamutemo zvokusimbisa Social Security kana kuti kukwira mutero wezera rokurega basa.

Kurega Basa Kunotambira Kuchengeteka (ERISA) kwa 1974

ERISA yakagadza mipimo yehurumende nokuda kwomudyandigere wegovho romunhu oga uye gadziriro dzoutano. Yakatanga mwero yemari inotanhamari, purogiramu, mitoro yezvirongwa, mitoro yemari nokuda kwamaneja anoronga, uye zvinodikanwa zvokuzivisa. ERISA yakaitawo Pensition Benefit Guaraty Corporation (PBGC), iyo inorondedzerwa kuti inobetsera kana kambani yakabhuroka ndokusagona kubhadhara mibayiro yakapikirwa. Uyu mutemo unodzivirirawo mamiriyoni avashandi kuti asarasikirwa nepesvedzero yemari yavo yebhizimisi kana kuti mutengi. Zvisinei, ERICA haisati inofukidza midyandiro yezvipo yavose, iyo inodzorwa panzvimbo pevhuno nemitemo inodzorwa nemitemo yemitemo inodzoro yokudzivirira nyika.

Mutongo Wokudzivirira wa2006

Iyi mirau yehurumende yakabatisisa mirau yemari yebetsero yesangano inorondedzerwa mukutevera kukundikana kwakawanda kwomudyandigere kwapamudyandigere kwakakwirira. Yaida gadziriro kuti dzive 80-100% dzinotsigirwa kushandisa mipimo yemhindu isingachinjiki, uye yakaisa marusano okuwedzera nokuda kwegadziriro mumugariro wakaipa. Chiito chacho chakaitawo kuti zvive nyore zvikuru kuti vashandi vanyorese zvirongwa zvokuzvidira mu401(k) uye kugovera kujekesera kwakajeka kwoutano. Nepo zvichibudirira zvikuru mukuvandudza kugadziriswa kwomuripo yemipidhi yemari yavanhu vepotooga, zvinodikanwa zvokubhadharira mari zvakarosaririra zvakatungamirirawo makambani akawanda kushatapurira puro dzawo kukuvadziko dzakarondedzerwa uye kudzo inodzoswa kusvikira ku 401 gadziriro 401.

SECURE MAZANO (209 na2022)

Kuisa Mutemo uri wose nokuda kwokuwedzerwa mudyandigere [[[FT:1] wa2019 naSECURE 2.0 (inopfuura muna 2022 sechikamu chepepa rokushandisa) inomirira chinjo huru dzemitemo kukuchengeta penjeni mumakumi amakore. Gadziriro dzinokosha dzinobatanidza:

  • Kuwedzera zera rinodiwa rokuparadzira zvishoma (RMD) kubva pa702 kusvika ku72 (uye pakupedzisira kusvika ku75 pasi peSECURE 2.0).
  • Kubvumira vashandi venguva isina kuzara avo vanoisa maawa 500 pagore kwamakore matatu akatevedzana kutora rutivi mugadziriro 401 (k).
  • Kuronga chikwereti chemitero kumabhizimisi maduku kuti vatsive ndyiko yokutanga gadziriro yokurega basa.
  • Kutsvakazve kunyoresa kwokuzviitikira mu 401 (k) mutsva nezvirongwa zvakafanana kutanga muna 2025.
  • Kuwedzera mupiro wehove dzinoiswa mumaoko wevashandi vakura (vakwegura 60 -63) kuti vavabetsere kuchengeta vakawanda.

Mitemo iyi inoita kuti pave nechirongwa chakakura chokuchengetedza mari, kukurudzira kuchengeta, uye kuparadzira zviri nyore.

Zvinetso Zvazvino uye Kugamuchira Mitemo

Nhasi, masangano anotonga anotarisana nezvinetso zvinoverengeka zvinoedza kutsigirwa nemitemo yomudyandigere uye yokurega basa iri iripo.Aya anosanganisira zvirongwa zvomudyandigere zvisingabhadharwi nevanhu vose, kuchinja kunobatsira kunoitwa zvirongwa zvokupa, uye kudzvinyirirwa kwevagari vakwegura.

Kupiwa Zviratidzo Zvoruzhinji

Masangano akawanda ehurumende neomunzvimbomo anopfuudzwa nemabhiriyoni emadhora. Zvinhu zvakadai semari shoma inoiswa mari yokushambadzira mari, mipiro isina kukwana, uye zvipikirwa zvebetsero dzorupo zvakaitwa makumi amakore akapfuura zvakabetsera kuparira chinetso chacho. Mitemo yakadavidza nokuwedzera kwemipiro, kuderedza betsero dzemari itsva, uye kunyange kuedza kudzoserazve betsero dzinovapo, uye kunyange matare edzinobhuroka kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji anodzivirira betsero dzinovapo. Somuenzaniso, Illinois akapfuudza mutemo muna 2018 kuti aderedze betsero dzemari yevashandi vatsva nemipiro yavashandi, kunyange zvazvo nyika ichinangana neredziro dzemari inobhadhara mari yakaipisisa munyika. Nenzira yakafanana, Coloradorado neAriano anochinja zvinhu zvazvino unova vapedzerwa basa, izvo zvakadenwa zvikuru. [FF.] State State States Constantion of Gromes Flations] inodzors inodzoralse dzinopfuure.

Kuchinja Kunobva Mubhuku Rinorondedzerwa Kubatsirwa Nokurondedzera Zvirongwa Zvokubatsira

Vashandirwi veboka ravarwi vakabvisa zvikuru kubva pamudyandigere unorondedzerwa wegamuchidzanwa (unovimbisa mubhadharo wemwedzi nomwedzi woupenyu) kugadziriro dzemipiro dzinorondedzerwa se 401 (k) (uko betsero dzinotsamira pamipiro nedzokuisa mari). Zviito zvemitemo zvose zviri zviviri zvakakurudzira nokupindura iyi . Zvinodikanwa zvemari zvemari zvinoitwa DB zvinodziviswa, uye mitemo inotevedzerwa (sechitsama chama Secourec) zvinoita kuti DC ive inokwezva zvikuru neinosvikika. Apo gadziriro DC dzinopa mari inopa vashandi uye inochinjika. Vatsoropo vazhinji vanoita kuti zvirongwa zvemari zviite mahomberi dzeDB kana kuti zvirongwa zvokupinza mari (mari) kuti zvisimbise mari inochengetedze mari inochengeteka mari inochengetwa pakurega basa. Dzimwe nguva dzakadai sedziro yeCalifornia neSconbon, dzine reza , [Fractives]]

Dzvinyiriro Dzoupenyu Nengozi Yokuramba Uri Murefu

Sezvo vashanyi vavana vanowana nguva yokubereka vanowedzera uye nduramo dzoupenyu vachiwana betsero dzinowedzera nokukurumidza kupfuura nhamba yavashandi vanobhadhara mitero inodzorwa nemidyandigere. Uku kuchinja kwokuwanda kunodenha zvakananga kusatsakata kwezvose zviri zviviri Game reSalviation nehurumende. Gareferial Baculment Office [CO][FLD] project [[Foct] shopution Office] Office [[Foll]] mipiro yokuti ruchengeteko rweSocial Security ruchabviswa nerity inobviswa namavambo e 2030 kana pasina chinjo yemitemo yehurumende ikaitwa, apo migariro inotoda kutemwa na 23% mhiri kweplati. Vagadziri vemikoro vakakarakadza mishonga yakasiana basa. Vari vakakarakadza kubetsera kukwira mutengo kwomutengo, vanotooka vavanobatira nguva refu pashure pekuto vakabatira vama.

Nhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi Mumutemo Wokuranga

Vachitarira mberi, vafundisi vachapfuurira kurwisana nenzira yokudzikamisa nayo nharidzano dzinokwikwidzana dzokugovera mari yokurega basa yakachengeteka, kuchengeta gadziriro dzichibvira nokuda kwavabhadhari navashandirwi, uye kuremekedza dziviriro dzapamutemo nokuda kwebetsero dzinoitwa. Miitiro inoverengeka sezvingabvira inoumba mitemo yomunguva yemberi:

  • [ Kunyoresa nokubhadharwa kusiri kwokuzvidira: Kuvaka paSECURE 2.0, mimwe mitemo ingada kana kuti kukurudzira kunyoresa kwokuzviitikira mugadziriro dzemari inochengetwa pamudyandigere, nomupiro unoitika woga wakabatanidzwa nokukura kwomubhadharo.
  • Gadziriro dzepamudyandigere dzakadzorwa seState: Mitemo mizhinji ingatevera iyo yakaita mapurogiramu eIRA evashandi veboka rehurumende pasina rongedzero dzavashandirwi. Iyi purogiramu ingagona pakupedzisira kuva mibatanidzwa ine migodhi nehurumende inomiswa.
  • Kuchinja kweNzvimbo yeChengeteko: Akapiwa musi wemari yokuchengetesa yokuderera kwemari, Congress sezvingabvira ichapfuudza chitsama chokuchinja mumakore gumi anotevera. Masangano anobvira anobatanidza kukwidziridza zvishoma nezvishoma zera rakazara rokurega basa kusvikira ku 69 kana 70, kuwedzera bhiripo yomutero, uye kugamuchira mutoo unofambira mberi zvikuru webetsero.
  • Kubatanidza nokuisawo njodzi: Dzimwe nyika, dzakadai seRhode Island neKentucky, dzakabatanidza gadziriro dzepenjeni dzakawanda kuti dzideredze ndyiko nenjodzi dzemari. Dzimwe dzingavandudzwa kupfurikidza nokuita mienzaniso yakafanana netapuro dzechiDutch kana kuti dzeCanada, umo betsero dzakavakirwa pakushanda kwemari.
  • [[NHAU: 0] Zvikarakadzo zvemagariro, zvenzanga, uye zveProfence (EG): Mitemo iri kukwikwidzana nenzira inowedzera kana mari yepenjeni ichifanira kurangarira zvinhu zveESG muzvisarudzo zvemari. Dzimwe nyika, kufanana neFlorida, dzakapa mitemo inorambidza kurangarira ESG, nepo mimwe, kufanana neCalifornia, inokurudzira. Iyi kurukurirano ichatapura kudzoka kwenguva refu uye kutsigadzika kwemari yomudyandigere.

mhedziso

Mitemo inopiwa nevanopa misha itsika dzinopfuudzwa nemitemo inotsigira kumira pamudyandigere izvo mamirioni eAmerica anotsamira pa. Kuvambira paSocial Security Act ya 1935 kusvikira kusino yeSEUNITED 2.0 Act yeChibvumirano che20222, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chomutemo chakagadziridza nzira iyo vashandi vanochengeta nayo, kuti betsero dzinopirwa nayo, uye kuti njodzi dzinoparadzirwa sei muzvizvarwa. Sezvo chiverengero chavagari vemo chinopfuurirwa, mari inopfuurira, uye chengeteko yokurega basa inova nhau inova nhau yokukurumidzira zvikuru, vatengi vemitemo vose vari munyika yose uye nyika vachapfuurira kuita basa rinokosha mukusarudza kana vapunzi vomunguva yemberi vachigona kufarikanya kuzvimirira mune zvemari. Kunzwisisa iyi mipimo yemitemo uye mibayiro yavo zvinopa simba vagarika vagari vemo kuti vatsiridziridziridziridziridziridzirirwe nokuda kwemitemo inotsiridzwa, inoita kuti iteve, itsarirwe.