Bumbiro Remitemo Sehwaro Hurusa Rokuita Mutemo weAmerica

Bumbiro reMitemo reUnited States rinobatira somutemo mukurusa wenyika, kugadza gadziriro huru mukati mayo mitemo yose yehurumende, hurumende, uye yomunzvimbomo inofanira kushanda. Yakatsiviwa muna 1788, yakatsiva Nheyo dzeConfester ndokuita gadziriro yakarongeka yehurumende yakatsungirira kwamazana maviri amakore. Bumbiro reMitemo rinoita zvinopfuura kungoratidzira bedzi matavi ehurumende; rinogadza miganhu yesimba remitemo, rinodzivirira maruramiro avanhu vamwe navamwe, uye rinovimbisa kuti hakuna sangano rimwe rinogona kudzora gadziriro yemitemo. Kunzwisisa basa raro kunokosha nokuda kwokunzwisisa kuti mitemo inoitwa sei uye nei nheyo dzemitemo dzakati dzapamutemo dzichiramba dziripo.

Chikamu VI cheBumbiro reMitemo chine Supremacy Claus, icho chinozivisa kuti Bumbiro reMitemo, pamwe chete nemitemo yehurumende inoitwa pasi pechiremera chayo, zvinoumba mutemo mukurusa wenyika. Ikoku kunoreva kuti mutemo upi noupi wehurumende unorwisana nomutemo webumbiro remitemo unofanira kupa. Zvisinei, uku uku kukura kunoshanda bedzi mukati moukuru hwesimba rinogoverwa kuhurumende yehurumende yehurumende. Demendmentth inosimbisa kuti masimba asingapiwi neBumbiro remitemo, kana kuti anorambidzwa naro nehurumende, anochengetedzwa kuhurumende, kana kuti kuvanhu. Iyi chiyero chakakomba pakati pechiremera chomubatanidzwa nouchangamire chinoisa kuhurumende kumitezo yose iri miviri.

Bumbiro reMitemo rinoisawo miganhu pakuitwa kwomutemo kupfurikidza namasimba anoverengwa, ayo anoronga nharaunda chaidzo uko Congress ingaita, uye kupfurikidza neBill of Rights, iyo inoganhurira kukunda kwehurumende. Somuenzaniso, First Amendment inorambidza Dare kuita mutemo upi noupi unodzivisa rusununguko rwokutaura kana kuti rworudzidziso. Ikoku kunoreva kuti kunyange kana muromo wemitemo ukatsigira zvikuru, haugoni kumira kana ukaputsa dziviriro yemitemo. Kunzwisisa ichi chivambwa chinodzivisa munhu upi noupi anofunda kuti mitemo inovamba sei, kushanduka - shanduka, uye pakupedzisira kuoma.

Kushandiswa Kwebumbiro reMitemo nokuda Kwesimba Romutemo

Chikamu I cheBumbiro reMitemo chinopa miganhu yose yemitemo muCongress, iyo inoumba Dare neImba yavamiririri. Ichi chivako chamabhiyameral chakanga chiri kubvumirana kwamaune pakati penyika huru neduku, kuva nechokwadi chokuti chiverengero chavagari vose nemufananidzo wakaenzana wehurumende zvinoita basa mukugadzira mitemo. Imba yeVamiririri, nemitezo inogoverwa navanhu, inovamba zvikwereti zvemari uye inoratidzira kuda kwavanhu zvakananga. Dare, navamiriri vaviri paruwa pasinei zvapo nevagari vemo, rinogovera nzvero pamipimo inokurumidza uye rinoita zvibvumirano zvemibatanidzwa yehurumende.

Bumbiro reMitemo rinodudza masimba chaiwo nokuda kweChikamu I, Chikamu 8. Iwaya anobatanidza simba rokutera mutero, kukwereta mari, kudzora kutengeserana kwenyika nekwedzimwe nyika, kutanga mitemo yokugadzira zvinhu zvakafanana, mari yemari, kuzivisa hondo, kusimudza nokutsigira mauto, uye kuita kuti mitemo yose ive iri madikanwa uye yakakodzera kukuita kuti masimba aya aite. Chibvumirano chave chiri pamugumo weChikamu 8 chemari chinopa chiremera chokuita mitemo inokosha yokuita masimba acho anorongwa, kunyange kana mitemo iyoyo isina kurongwa zvakajeka muBumbiro remitemo. Chitsamazano ichi chave chiri manyuko okududzira pamutemo anokosha, chirevo chinoitwa munzvimbo dzakadai sokubhangidza, kutengeserana, uye kodzero dzehurumende.

Kupfuura kududzwa kwamasimba, Bumbiro reMitemo rinoisawo ganhuriro dzakajeka pachiremera chemitemo. Chikamu I, Chikamu 9 chinorambidza kuti Dare risapfuure zvikwereti zvemubhadhari, mitemo yapashure pepo, kana kuti kumisa kudzorwa kwemibato yehabeas kunze kwemutongo kana kuti kuvhozhokera. Mitemo yeMitengo inofanira kuva yakafanana muUnited States, uye hapana chisarudzo chingapiwa kumahombekombe ehurumende imwe padzimwe nyika. Iyi ganhuriro inovimbisa kuti simba remitemo rishandiswe zvakanaka uye pasina kudzosa vanhu vamwe kana kuti mapoka.

Basa raClaus Anodiwa Uye Akakodzera

Gadziriro shomanene dzebumbiro remitemo dzakaparira kurukurirano huru seyakarongwa neSangano raClaus. Munhau yechiratidzo Mcloch v. Maryland (1819), Dare Gurusa pasi poMutongi John Marshall rakagadza kuti Congress ine masimba akarongwa nenzira yakarongwa zvakajeka muBumbiro reMitemo. Dare rakati kuita bhangi renyika yakanga iri nzira yapamutemo yeDare kushandisa masimba aro anorongwa pamusoro pemitero, kukwereta, uye mari. Iyi rondedzero yakafara yakabvumira kuti Dare risave rakabatanidza nhau huru dzenhau dzazvino uno, kubatanidza mamiriro ezvinhu ezve outano, mamiriro ezvinhu emhoteredzo, uye kutarisirwa kwemari, kunyange zvazvo Dare remitemo risingadudzidudzi misoro yakananga. Zvisinei, Dare rakaisawo mutemo unowirirana kuti ritsaure rimwe simba rinofanira kuputsa dzimwe pamutemo.

Gadziriro Yomutemo: Kubva Pabhiri Kuenda Kumutemo

Muitiro uyo mutengo unova mutemo uno udzame, namaune, uye wakarongedzerwa kudzivisa mutemo wokukurumidzira kana kuti unorangarirwa zvisina kunaka. Nepo Bumbiro reMitemo richidudza bedzi gadziriro huru, mazana amakore etsika akawedzera mibatanidzwa yegadziriro. Kunzwisisa chikamu chimwe nechimwe kunojekesa kuti nheyo dzebumbiro remitemo dzinoumba sei muuyo wokupedzisira.

Kutanga uye Kudzorera

Mutezo upi noupi weCongress ungatanga mutezo, uyo unogoverwa nhamba ipapo ndokunongedzerwa kudare rakafanira noMutauri weImba kana kuti mukuru mukuru weDare. Bumbiro reMitemo haripi dare iri, asi kwave kuchikosha nokuda kwokutarisira zviuru zvemabhiri zvinotangwa purogiramu imwe neimwe. Matare anorovedza munzvimbo dzemitemo dzakadai sedzokurima, mari, mari, jajicary, uye nhau dzokumwe. Uku kunzvera chaiko kunobvumira kunzvera kwakakwana mutemo unokarakadzwa uye kuvimbisa kuti zvikwereti zvinodzokororwa nemitezo ine unyanzvi hwakafanira.

Chiito cheDare uye Chiono

Kana bhoti rangova mudare, ringapinda nhanho dzinoverengeka dzinobvira. Dare ringatonga uko nyanzvi, vachengeti vemichero, uye vakuru vakuru vehurumende vanopa chipupuriro. Pashure pokunzwa, dare rinogadza rusando rwokupa apo mitezo inokarakadza kugadziriswa nokuvhota kuti itsive here pamutemo. Dare rinogona kubvumira mutemo wacho sezvawakanyorwa, kuubvisa, kana kuti kuuramba chose chose. Kana mutengo wacho usingashumwa mudare, unofa nenzira inobudirira, jambwa inowira voruzhinji vezvikwereti zvavava vanotanga kutengwa. Chikamu ichi chinoratidzira simbiso cheMitemo paranganofungwa namano, kuvimbisa kuti mutemo wacho unosanonyorwa usati wasvika gara imba yakazara.

Nharo Dzomudenga Nokutamba

Pashure pokunge dare rataura mutero, rinopfuurira kuenda kunzvimbo yapachivako. MuImba, gakava rinowanzodzorwa nechisarudzo chemitemo chinogadza ganhuriro dzenguva nemiitiro yokugadziridza. MuDare, gakava rakajeka zvikuru, uye filbuster inobvumira mutengi mumwe kana kuti boka kunonotsa kurukurirano kunze kwokunge vavhoti vane makumi matanhatu kuti vapedze kurukurirano. Bumbiro remitemo pacharo harisi kududza Fekinbuster, asi Dare rarigamuchira kupfurikidza nemitemo yaro rimene. Iri chishandiso cheProccoralbacy razova chinhu chinokosha mukugadzira mutemo wazvino uno, rinoratidzira basa redare sezvinokosha zvemitengo. Pakarepo, kurukurirano inogumisa, mavhotera ose parutivi rwokupedzisira. Kana dare racho richipfuudza, rimwe divirira kumumwezve rimwe diro.

Dare Romusangano Nokutenderwa Kwokupedzisira

Kana Imba neDare zvikapfuudza shanduro dzakasiana dzemutemo mumwe chetewo, dare remusangano rinoumbwa nemitezo inobva mumakamuri ose ari maviri rinoshanda kuyananisa misiyano. Shanduro yokubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira ipapo inofanira kutenderwa nemakamuri ose ari maviri muchimiro chakafanana isati yagona kutumirwa kuna Purezidhendi. Chikamu ichi chinovimbisa kuti zvose zviri zviviri mitumbi yemitemo inobvumirana pamutauro wakananga womutemo, ichidzivisa kuoma uye kuchengetedza chinodikanwa chebudaral.

Chiito Chapurezidhendi

Kana Congress yangopfuudza mutemo, inopiwa Purezidhendi, uyo ane mazuva gumi (maSvondo okupfuudza) kuti aite chiito. Bumbiro reMitemo rinopa miuyo mina inobvira. Chokutanga, Purezidhendi angasaina mutemo mumutemo. Chechipiri, Purezidhendi angaudzosa kuParamende, achiidzosa nokuramba kwakanyorwa. Dare rinogona kudzora voruzhinji vaviri muimba imwe neimwe, apo mutemo unenge wava mutemo pasina kutenderwa naPresidente. Chechitatu, kana Purezidhendi akasaro asingaiti chiito apo Congress anenge ari murusando, mutongo wacho unova mutemo pashure pamazuva gumi. Chechina, kana Purezidhente asina kuita chiito nedare mukati nhambo iyoyo yezuva, chiratiso chinofa muhomwe chinozivikanwa sechihomwe.

Simba reveto inzvero yebumbiro remitemo inodenha inobvumira bazu guru kuramba mutemo warinorangarira serisiri rehurumende, risina kuchenjera, kana kuti risingawirirani nefariro dzenyika. Zvisinei, muitiro wapakudzora unovimbisa kuti Congress inochengeta chiremera chikurusa chokugadza mitemo kana kune bvumirano yakakwana. Iyi rondedzero inoratidzira tsika yechekedzo nedzikamo izvo Bumbiro remitemo rakagadza namaune.

Kuongorora uye Kudzikamisa Mumuitiro Wokuita Mitemo

Nzvero nedzikamo zveBumbiro reMitemo zvinovimbisa kuti hakuna bazu rimwe rehurumende rinogona kudzora muitiro wokuita mitemo. Congress inoita mitemo, Purezidhendi anoitarisira ndokuigombedzera, uye mutongi anoidudzira. Bazu rimwe nerimwe rine zvishandiso zvokudzivisa vamwe, kuchiparira dzikamo huru inodzivirira muudzvinyiriri.

Mukuru Mukuru Anoongorora

Simba raPurezidhendi icherekedzo yakananga zvikurusa paCongress. Mukuwedzera, Purezidhendi angapa mirairo yavakuru vakuru nemirairo izvo zvinoumba mashandirwe emitemo. Zvisinei, chiito choukuru hachigoni kupesana nomutemo wemitemo, uye Congress inogona kudzora kana kuti kugadziridza mitemo kupfurikidza nokurumbidza mutemo muHurumende yeUnion uye kupfurikidza nokukurudzira mitezo yeCongress zvakananga.

Kuhwirudzura Kutonga

Simba rehwirudzuro yedare, rakatangwa neDare reSangano reChikurusa mu Marbury v. Madison [1803]), rinobvumira matare ehurumende kuputsa mitemo inoputsa Bumbiro remitemo. Iri simba harina kududzwa zvakajeka murugwaro rweMitemo yeMitemo, asi Dare rakarangarira kuti basa raro nderekududzira mutemo. Apo dare rinowana mutemo usingachinjiki, mutemo iwoyo hauna maturo uye hauna kutevedzerwa. Kuhwirudzura mutemo waMagariro kwakaumba zvikuru kuAmerica, kubva kutsika pasi pemitemo mu Browbn. Board yeD yeDearystion [FFFFFF] (1195]

Dare Rinoongorora Vatungamiriri Nevatungamiriri Vechechi

Congress ine zvishandiso zvinoverengeka zvokunzvera mamwe mapazu. Dare rinosimbisa kugadzwa kwapurezidhendi, kubatanidza vatongi vehurumende nemitezo yedare. Congress inodzora kudzorwa kwemibato yehurumende, kureva kuti inogona kubvisa zviito zvavakuru vakuru zvayo zvinopesana. House ingasagona kudzorwa navakuru vakuru vehurumende, kubatanidza Purezidhendi, nokuda kwokupandukira, chiokomuhomwe, kana kuti mamwe matsotsi makuru, uye dzimwe mhaka dzakashata, uye dare redare rinotonga. Dare rinewo simba rokuchinja dare rehurumende, kunyange zvazvo risingagoni kubvisa simba redare rapakuvamba reDare Gurusare. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuti Hurumende irambe ine pesvedzero huru pakuurawa nokududzirwa kwemitemo.

Nheyo Huru Dzebumbiro remitemo Dzinopesvedzera Kururamisira

Kunze kwegadziriro yetsika, nheyo dzinoverengeka dzakavakirwa pabumbiro remitemo dzinozivisa zvakananga nzira iyo mitemo inonyorwa nayo, inokakavadzana, uye inopikiswa.

Kuparadzana Kwesimba

Bumbiro reMitemo rinokamuranisa chiremera chehurumende pakati pamapazu matatu akazvimirira, rimwe nerimwe rine mabasa aro amene akasiyana. Uku kuparadza kunodzivisa chinhu chipi nechipi kuunganidza simba rakanyanyisa. Simba remitemo nderePurezidhendi, simba roukuru kuPurezidhendi, uye simba rokutonga kumatare ehurumende. Mutemo unodzika mitsetse iyi, yakadai seCongress inoedza kugadza vakuru vakuru vakuru vakuru vakuru vakuru kana kuti Purezidhendi wemitemo inonyorwazve, inosimudzira itiro dzakakomba dzebumbiro remitemo. Dare reSupremendement rakamanikidzira iyi mumhaka dzakafanana ne .Chasha v.[FLT]] [19983], iyo yakarova pasi mirano yemitemo kuti iparadze kudzora kwemitengoyo yebumbiro remitemo yemitemo uye zvinodavirira.

Kushandira Pamwe Nokuparadzirwa Kwechiremera Chokuita Mutemo

Ganhuriro inokamura simba remitemo pakati pehurumende yenyika nehurumende. Bumbiro reMitemo rinopa hurumende masimba akati anorongwa, nepo Tenth Amendment inochengeta mamwe masimba ose kuhurumende kana kuti vanhu. Ikoku kunoreva kuti ine chiremera chakafara chokuisa panhau dzeitiro hanya dzomunzvimbomo, zvakadai somutemo wezvinhu, mutemo wemhuri, dzidzo, uye utano hwavanhu. Zvisinei, apo mitemo yehurumende inorwisana nomutemo wehurumende nemubatanidzwa wechiremera chehurumende, Supremy Clausle anovimbisa kuti mutemo wemubatanidzwa wehurumende unovako. Gakavara razvino uno uno unonangidzira muganhu panzvimbo dzechiremera chomubatanidzwa wehurumende, zvakadai semitemo yemari, zvikurukuru pamusoro pePrekitood Claus, processorvice, uye trameomsting trated Restingsting Revement.

Bhuku Rekodzero Nerusununguko Rwemunhu Mumwe Nomumwe

Kugadziridzwa kwegumi kwokutanga kunoisa ganhuriro dzakananga pakuitwa kwomutemo. First Amendment inodzivirira kutaura, rudzidziso, pepanhau, gungano, uye chikumbiro. Second Amendment inodzivirira maruramiro okuchengeta nokutakura zvombo. Gamende yeChina inodzivirira kunzvera kusina mufungo nepfari. Gamende yeFindmer inovimbisa fambiro wakafanira, dziviriro panzvimbo yazvo, uye muripo wokutora mutemo unodzorwa pakutora. Rendement ye8h Amendment inodzivisa bhera rakanyanyisa nechirangoneidzo dzechinetso uye zvirango zvisiri zvenguva dzose. Kodzero idzi hadzina kuzara, asi mutemo upi noupi unovaremera kugutsa kunzvera kukuru. Nokuti mitemo inodzorwa pakodzero dzinokosha kana kuti zvitendero, matare anoshandisa kuongorora zvakasimba, anokumbira hurumende kuratidzira fariro inogutsa uye kuisa tsvina. Iyi inoreva kuti mutemo unotopfuure udzore kuto.

Zvinetso Zvebumbiro Remitemo Razvino Uno Pakuita Mitemo

Kugadzira mitemo kwepanguva ino kunotarisana nekusawirirana kunoverengeka kwebumbiro remitemo uko kwakanga kusipo munguva yavatangi. Kukura kwehurumende yokudzora, kukura kwesimba rehurumende kupfurikidza neChommerce Claus, uye gakava pamusoro poukuru hwechiremera chavakuru vakaedza miganhu yose yebumbiro remitemo.

Nyika Inodzora uye Kupiwa Chinzvimbo

Congress inowanzotumira chiremera kusangano rehurumende, rinopa mirau ine simba romutemo. Constitution inoisa simba rose remitemo muCongress, ichimutsa mibvunzo pamusoro poruvara rwemitemo yakafara. Dare Gurusa rave richitsigira nhume kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji sezvo Congress inopa murairo unonzwisisika kutungamirira dare. Whitman v. American Trucking Associations [[[FLM]][2001] [200], Dare rakasimbisazve mupimo uyu, richiramba denho kuGwarati yeCheact yeGumo reGuef kuNmental Agement. Zvisinei, dzimwe ruramisiro nenyanzvi dzinoramba kuti dzidziso dzisati dziri dzechiteshivirira kudzo huru dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzinodzivisa kudzivirira migariro mukwane pamutemo. [FF] muDare reP.[2]

Kutengesa Claus Nesimba Rine Simba Rokutengeserana

Commercial Claus, inowanwa muChikamu I, Chikamu 8, yave iri mugwagwa mukuru wokuwedzera chiremera chehurumende chifo cheNew Account. Tsananguro yapamhene munhau dzakadai se NLB v. Jones & Laughlin Sipel Corp.[[FLT]] [12] [1937] [1937] na[FL:] Wickard v. Filburn[[FLT] [[FLT] [12] [192] [192]) [2] (inongedzerosaro) yakabvumira kuti Parame mubato yose yezvero yemari. Zvisinei, mu [FLT:] United States].[FFFFF] [10]

Mirayiro Yavatungamiriri Neganhuriro Dzokuita Mutemo WaPrezidhendi

Mapurezidhendi akashandisa nenzira inowedzera mirairo yavakuru vakuru kuti vaite chinjo dzemiitiro pasina mvumo yesangano. Nepo maodha avakuru vakuru ari chishandiso chapamutemo chokutungamirira mabasa ebazu, havagoni kuita mutemo mutsva kana kuti kupokanidza mirau iripo. Apo zvirango zvavakuru vakuru zvinopfuura miganhu yebumbiro remitemo, matare angaarova. Somuenzaniso, Dare Guru rakashayisa basa romukuru mukuru wehurumende Truman basa rokubata zvigadziko zvesimbi mukati meHondo yeKorea mu Prown shet & Tube Co. Sawer [1952], richiita kuti Purezidenti ashai chiremera chepamutemo chokuvarira panzvimbo yokushaikwa kwomutemo.

Muitiro We Amendeji: Kuchinja Bumbiro Remitemo Raro Pacharo

Bumbiro reMitemo rinobatanidza mutoo waro rimene wechinjo kupfurikidza neChikamu V, icho chinogovera mitoo miviri yokuita kuti pave nebvumirano uye nekokorodzano mbiri dzokuparadza. Kugadziridza uku kungakarakadzwa zvimwe nevhoti yezvikamu zviviri nezvitatu zvedzimba dzose dzeCongress kana kuti nekokorodzano yenyika inonzi nemibatanidzwa miviri yemitatu yemitemo. Kuyera kunoda kutenderwa nemativi matatu edzitatu emitemo kana kuti nekokorodzano dzehurumende. Iyi purogiramu inodzorwa inovimbisa kuti mutemo unochinja bedzi nokubvumirana kwakafara, kudzivirira chinyorwa kubva kuzvinhu zvikuru zvikuru. Zvikamu zviviri nezvitatu bedzi zvinopfuunyana zvinowirirana zvamaganhu zvapamutemo zvave zvakatenderwa chive chibvumirano chinenge chichangobva kuva chinenge makumi maviri nezvishanu, icho chitsarudzo chinenge chinenge chinenge chapa chinyorwa chazvinobhadharwa, pashure pamazana maviri amakore maviri okurangarirwa. Chibvumirano chikwaniswa chamagaro chetsika chomuteshina chokurarama.

Pesvedzero Inopfuurira yeBumbiro Romutemo Pamutemo Wazvino Uno

Mutemo uri wose wakagadzwa neCongress unofanira kupfuudza nzvero yebumbiro remitemo, kupfurikidza nomuitiro wemitemo umene kana kuti kupfurikidza nehwirudzuro yakatevera. Ikoku kunoreva kuti rangariro dzebumbiro remitemo dzinosimbiswa muchikamu chiri chose chokuita mutemo, kuvambira pakunyora pamutemo kwokutanga kusvikira kukudzikamisa kwokupedzisira. Vaiti vemitemo vanowanzobvunza muenzaniso webumbiro remitemo pakugadzira zvikwereti, uye Hofisi yeSangano reSangano reSangano reSahlulero muBato rinopa nhungamiro yemitemo kubazu rechiremera. Mapoka, anofunga masangano ezve, uye nyanzvi dzinokurukura nenzira yokushingaira kubatana kwemitemo, achipesvedzera mukuwirirana nemitemo yavose nemiuyo yemitemo.

Pesvedzero yeBumbiro reMitemo inotambanukira kupfuura mwero wehurumende. Bumbiro remitemo reHurumende, nepo kazhinji kazhinji rine udzame zvikuru uye riri nyore zvikuru kugadziridza, rinofanira kuwirirana nemipimo miduku yeBumbiro reMitemo yeU. Mitemo miduku yekodzero dzavanhu negadziriro. Mitemo mizhinji inogovera dzimwe dziviriro kupfuura mutezo wehurumende, zvikurukuru pamusoro pemari yedzidzo, kuva woga, uye maruramiro emhoteredzo. Iyi gamuchidzanwa yakaganhurirwa inoumba mhoteredzo yakapfuma neyakaoma kunzwisisa muidzoro yapamutemo umo vagadziri vemitemo pamwero yose vanofanira kushanda.

Kunzwisisa basa reBumbiro reMitemo mukuumba gadziriro yedu yemitemo hakusi kungoshandisa kwedzidzo. Kunokosha nokuda kwougari hwemo hunoziva, kuva mutongi anobudirira, uye kudzora kwoune mutoro. Mugari ari wose avhota, anobatira mudare rinobetsera, kana kuti anopinda muhurukuro yavose anotora rutivi mugadziriro yebumbiro remitemo iyo Vavambi vakagadza. Nokunzwisisa kuti mitemo inoitwa sei uye kuti Dare rinodzikamisa sei uye kuti rinoita sei basa rehurumende, vanhu vamwe navamwe vanogona kuita kuti vamiririri vavo vazvidarire uye vape mupiro unobudirira unopfuurira kugadziriro yebumbiro remitemo.

Nokuda kwaavo vanofarira kunzvera idzi misorozve, zviwanikwa zvine chiremera zvakadai se Consitution Antotition inogoverwa neRaibhurari yeCongress inopa kunzvera kune udzame kwegadziriro imwe neimwe yebumbiro remitemo. YEZ Project inogovera mashoko enhau dzinonzwika nezvinorekodwa zveDare rapamusoro zvinodudzirwa nomutemo wemitemo. Nokuda kwokupfupikisana kwakakwana kwegadziriro yemitemo yemitemo, [[FLT:] Conrect]. Gaslation. Gaswo remitemo rinopa nhano-matanho-materusaruso.