Dual Manday yeUnited States Congress

United States Congress isangano rechinangwa chimwe, rinoshanda pakati chaipo pehurumende yehurumende. Mitezo yaro inoshanda nebasa guru rokugadzira nyika inonzi ’ mitemo, asi mitoro yavo haigumi nesiginicha yapurezidhendi. Vaiti vairangarira boka remitemo raizoita secherekedzo huru pasimba rehurumende, ichiita kuti mitemo ishande nokutendeka uye mari inopedzerwa nokuchenjera. Iri basa guru rokunyora mitemo uye ipapo kuongorora kuchengetwa kwayo injini yehurumende yeAmerica. Kunzwisisa kuti mitemo inoitwa sei uye kuti Dare rinoshandisa sei simba rayo kunokosha kunokosha kunzwisisa gadziriro yezvamatongerwe enyika yeAmerica imene. Nyaya iyi inotevedzera upenyu hwakazara hwemitemo uye maturungwe ezvishandiso zvehurumende zvinoshandiswa nesimba kuti zvishandiswe nehurumende inopa mhosva yose.

Rwendo Rwomutemo: Kubva Kuna Bill Kuenda Kutsika

Rwendo rwechibvumirano nderwenhando, kwete kumhanya. Imhando yezvipingamupinyi zvemiitiro yakagadzirirwa kuva nechokwadi chokuti mutemo unonyorwa chose chose, unokakavadzana, uye wakanatswa. Zvishomanene zvikuru kupfuura 5% zvezviuru zvezvikwereti zvakapinzwa muCongress chaiyo zvinombova mutemo. Iyi inodzongonyedza, kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji, muitiro rutivi rwamaune rwetsika runoitirwa kuvaka bvumirano yakafara ndokudzivisa mutemo unonyorwa nokukurumidza.

Kugadzira Nokutanga

Mutezo upi noupi weNzvimbo yeVamiriri kana kuti Dare unogona kutanga pamutemo chibvumirano. Pamberi pesumo, pfungwa yepepa inogona kubva mumhatsa yemanyuko: mubatanidzwa, boka rinonyandura, sangano rehurumende, kana kuti mutezo we’ muitiro wemitemo. Kunyora chaikoiko igadziriro yapamutemo yakakomba, inoyamurwa kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji neHofisi yeLegislative Readition Reauch kana kuti Office of the Legistrative Regis Applitive Reace Applice kuvimbisa mutauro wacho wakarurama uye unogamuchirwa nomutemo. Muimba, mutengi unosuma mutongo. (1, kana kuti dare, rinonyora.)

Kushandiswa Nedare: Kucherechedza uye Mushumo

Chikamu chedare chinorangarirwa zvikuru sedanho rinokosha zvikurusa regadziriro yomutemo. Matare ndiwo umo kusimudzwa kukuru kwokuita mitemo kunoitika. Dare rimwe nerimwe rinoziva nzvimbo yemiitiro yakananga, yakadai sekurima, ukama hwedzimwe nyika, kana kuti mari. Apo bhiritari inonongedzerwa kudare, muteveri wechigaro zvikurukuru anoinongedzera kudare rakakodzera nokuda kwehwirudzuro yokutanga. Mutendi wedare wePuni rinova nenzwi, rinokoka nyanzvi, vakuru vakuru vehurumende, uye vachengeti vemitengi kuti vapupurire pamite yemari yepepa ̱ anofanirwa nemigumisiro inobvira. Iri idiro yavose yegadziriro yemitemo, inobvumira kuiswa muteondidzo wokutanga uye kuongororwa.

Pashure pokunzwa, dare duku "rinotendera" mutongo, richipinda nomutsetse kugovera kugadziridzwa, kurova zvikamu, kana kuti kuwedzera mutauro mutsva. Rusando urwu rwokupa ruvako nderwokuti kushambadza kwezvamatongerwe enyika kwapera kana kuti kubvumirana. Kana mutengi muduku wacho akatendeuka achitendera mutemo, unodzokera kudare rakazara, iro ringabata rusando rwaro rwokuisa rucheto. Kana dare rakazara richitendera muganhu, unova "nonyorwa" kuImba yakazara kana kuti Dare pamwe chete nomushumo wedare. Iri igwaro rine simba rinotsanangura mutengo we̱ donzo raro, donzo raro pamusoro pomutemo uripo, uye shure pedare riripo, uye kurangarira. Rinova chisakiso chemitengo yedare, uye kutsanangura mutemo womutemo munguva yemberi.

Kuronga uye Gakava

Kana mutengo wangoshumwa bedzi uri mudare, unofanira kurongerwa kurukurirano youriri uye vhoti. apa ndipo apo miitiro yemakamuri maviri inonyudza zvikuru.

MuImba yeVamiririri, Dare reMitemo rine simba rinoita basa guru. Mitemo inoita basa guru Dare "ruras" nokuda kwezvikwereti zvikuru zvinogadza miganhu yekurukurirano: inguva inosvika sei ichabvumirwa nokuda kwekurukurirano, iyo (kana iri ipi neipi) inogona kupiwa, uye nhevedzano umo iyo iyo inorangarirwa. "mutemo wavharwa" ganhuriro dzose, nepo dare re "rapricricrated tract" rinobvumira bedzi tsinhirano chakananga. Uku kudzorwa kukuru kunobvumira boka gurusa kuti ribate purogiramu yeChibvumirano chemitemo. Imba yakazara ipapo inosangana seDare reVane varo kuti varangane uye varo papepa remitemo napapi nero.

Dare rinoshanda nokuchinjika zvikuru uye nokuganhurirwa kushomanene. Tsika yedare inotsamira zvikuru pazvibvumirano zvinobvumiranwa kuti igadzire miganhu yekurukurirano. Muteveri upi noupi anogona kushora chikumbiro chokubvumirana, achidzivisa nenzira inobudirira bhiripo yokuenda mberi. Ikoku kunozarura suo ku pilibuster [, unyanzvi umo mutengi (kana kuti boka revamiri vamiri) ringataura nguva dzose kunonotsa kana kuti kudzivisa vhoti pabhiti. Nzira bedzi yokugumisa nayo nuni iri ipfurikidza nomuitiro unonzi [[FLT:][FLT:], unoda kuti boka gurusa re 60 revota. Iyi dare guru rinoreva kuti ripfuure zvikuru ripfuure muvhota.

Kugadzirisa Kusawirirana

Chibvumirano hachiwanzopfuvura zvose zviri zviviri Imba neDare muchimiro chakafanana. Kazhinji kazhinji, kamuri rimwe nerimwe rinopfuura shanduro yaro rimene. Zvibvumirano zvisati zvagona kutumirwa kuMutungamiriri wehurumende, iyi misiano inofanira kuyanana. Nzira inozivikanwa zvikurusa ndiyo dare resongation, dare rechinguvana rakaumbwa namitezo yavakuru (vasonganiri) kubva kumativi ose ari maviri ose ari maviri imba neDare rakashanda papepa. Ivavakidzanai vanotaura nezveshanduro inobvumiranwa, inozivikanwa somushumo wemusangano. Mushumo wemusangano haugoni kugadziriswa uye kubvumirwa nedzimba dzose dziri mbiri muvhotera. Kana ikakundikana muimba, chirevo, kana kuti muitiro wacho unovamba. Mumakore mazvino, kushandiswa kwedare kudzorongeteverwa, pane nguva dzinodzorwa mutungamiriri wedare rimwe nerimwe rinoshandiswa "pavhuro reimba yetende. Kudzoroma. Kudzoka kudzoka kudzoka kumusha uye kudzoka kudzoka.

Chiito Chapurezidhendi

Nhanho yokupedzisira ndeyokutumira mutezo wakanyoreswa kuMutungamiriri weUnited States. Purezidhendi ane zvisarudzo zvinoverengeka. Chokutanga, Purezidhendi anogona kusaina gwaro racho, panguva ino richiva mutemo wavose uye rinopiwa mirau yeSangano reSangano rePureceal Marhonal 118-50. Chechipiri, Purezidhendi anogona kudzosa mutemo, achiudzosera kuDare nemese. Kana mutengi asingashandisi mutemo. Mutungamiriri wehurumende anogona kuisa chibvumirano nevhoti mbiri dzezvitatu mudzimba mbiri neDare, danda rakakwirira risingawanzosviki. Chechitatu, kana Purezidhendi asingashandisitori wedare paanenge ari murusaru, mutemo unongoerekana usina kusaina. Pakupedzisira kana musingashandisipo nedare redare mukati remaminitsina, mukati meno ye10, anofaidzwa ne "rockvet,"

Ziso Rinorinda: Kutarisira Kwemisangano

Nepo muitiro womutemo unowanzooneka, basa rokutarisira reCongress rine simba rakaenzana, kunyange zvazvo kazhinji kazhinji risinganzwisisiki zvikuru nevoruzhinji. Kudzora inzira yakakomba iyo Korosa inonzvera nayo nzira iyo dare rinoshandisa nayo mitemo yebazu guru, rinotungamirira mapurogiramu, uye rinopedza kubhadhara mari yemitero. Ndiro chishandiso chikuru chokuvimbisa kuzvidavirira, budiriro, uye pamutemo mumabasa ehurumende. Pasina utarisiri hwehurumende, mitemo imashoko chete papepa, uye bazi guru ringagona kushanda pasina chirango.

Tsigiro uye Filosofi

Simba routariri harina kupiwa zvakajeka muchikamu chimwe cheBumbiro reMitemo, asi irevo huru yokuparadzana kwamasimba. Féderalist Papers[, zvikurukuru Federallist N. 51, yakarangarira kuti gwinyiriro inofanira kuitwa yokukurira gwinyiro. Kupfurikidza kupa Congress simba rokunzvera, kudana zvapupu, uye kuraira mapepa, Vavambi vemitemo vakagadzira gadziriro umo bazu remitemo raigona kunzvera nesimba remukuru mukuru mukuru wehurumende. Woodwa Wilson, achinyora somusayendisiti wezvamatongerwe enyika asati ava Purezidhendi, akataura zvakakurumbira, "Kuzivisa basa reHurumende kunofanira kudiwa kunyange nebasa raro." Iye akataura kuti kupfurikidza nokupenya chiedza pamabasa ehurumende, Dare redzidzo.

Chombo Chokutarisira

Dare rakatanga zvishandiso zvakaoma uye zvakasimba zvokutarisira.

Dare Rinotonga uye Chipupuriro

Chimiro chinooneka zvikurusa choutariri idare rinofanira kutongwa. Matare anomira namatare chaiwo anonzvera anogara achibata kutongwa kuti abvunze vakuru vakuru vebazu, nyanzvi, uye varidzi. Uku kunzwa kunobatira madonzo akawanda: kunounganidza mashoko nokuda kwomutemo womunguva yemberi, kufumura kana kuti kushatisa, uye kuzivisa vanhu. Simba rokumanikidzira uchapupu hunokosha. Nepo matare anowanzokumbira zvapupu nokuzvidira, anogona kupa subpoena kumanikidza munhu kubuda nokupupurira pasi pemhiko. Kuramba musangano kunogona kutungamirira kukushorwa kweDare, uko kunogona kuguma nechirango chetsoro.

Kuongorora Nokusarudza Matare

Nokuda kwenhau dzakaoma kana kuti dzakakwirira, Congress inogona kutanga dare chairo kutungamirira kunzvera kwomuitiro. Matare aya anopiwa simba rakafara nezviwanikwa kuti aronge vashandi nomufambiro mubvunzo. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, kusarudza matare ave achishandiswa mukufukunura njodzi huru. [FLT:] SATE Watergate Committee[ muenzaniso wakatanhamara wedare rine kunzvera kwaro kubuda kwapurezidhendi. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, matare akasarudza njodzi yemari ya2008, mhinduro kunjodzi dzomusikirwo, uye kudenha kwechitanhatu Capitol.

Simba Rechidyiro

Zvichida chishandiso chokutarisira chine simba zvikurusa i simba rechikwama . Hapana mari inogona kupedzwa kubva kuvengi pasina kudzorwa neCongress. Ikoku kunopa Congress nhiviration yakananga pasangano rimwe nerimwe rehurumende nepurogiramu. Gadziriro, apo Congress inoronga mwero yemari yegore negore, irovedzo huru yemari. Matare anonzvera bhajeti, anoda ruramisiro yokushandisa, uye anogona kuisa ganhuriro kana kuti migariro pamashandisirwe emari. dare rinogona kutyisidzira kudzosa kubhadhara mari nokuda kwegadziriro inodzorwa zvisina kufanira kana kuti kushanda kunze kwedonzo raro.

Kusimbiswa Nezvirongwa (Kubvuma Nekubvumirana)

Bumbiro reMitemo rinopa Dare simba rokugovera "kubvuma nokubvuma" pakugadzwa kwapurezidhendi nezvibvumirano. Iri ibasa rinotarisisa mberi. Semuenzaniso, Dare reDare reMutongi rinotonga, kubatanidza matare eDare reDare guru. Mamwe matare eDare anovhara nzvimbo dzedare, masangano anozvimirira, uye mauto. Iri basa rinobvumira Dare kuongorora zvinodiwa, mararamiro, uye mirangariro yevanhu vanenge vachitonga hurumende.

Mhou Dzinozvimirira: GAO Nevanzveri Varwi

Congress yagadzira masangano ayo amene akazvimirira kuti abetsere nokutarisira. Office yeGovernament Accouncial Accouncition (GAO) inowanzonzi "kungwarira kwourongwa hwehurumende. Masangano makurusa eGO ane purogiramu dzehurumende, anoongorora kupomera kwebasa risiri repamutemo, uye nhau dzinopa mishumo pamusoro pekubudirira nokushanda zvakanaka kwehurumende. Inopa Congress Congress ine donzo, isina paratistiki. Kuwedzera, masangano makurusa ehurumende ane purogiramu yemukati , General Instion (IG) [FLT] [FG] anoongorora kubiringa, uye kushatisa zvisina kufanira mukati pamutemo. IGS inoshuma zvose zviri zviviri kuti zviitwe zvesangano rehurumende uye kuti ipedzedze kutungamirira.

Zvinetso Zvazvino Uno Nedzikamo Inopera Yesimba

Kuitwa kwemitemo yesangano uye utariri hausi muchina unochinja - chinja.

Kubatana uye Kurongedza Mitemo

Kuwedzera kwekubatana kwezvamatongerwe enyika kwakava netapuro huru pazvose zviri zviviri zvinotevedzana zvenhamba. Kuwedzera kwemitemo yemitsetse yazova yakakurumbira zvikuru, neiyi nhevedzano yegamuchidzanwa "nhevedzo" yokufamba nezvikwereti kupfurikidza nekurukurirano youriri inowanzopfuudzwa noutungamiriri. Kushandiswa kwenguva dzose kwechiberekero muDare kwakamutsa chigadziko chokupfuudza chinenge mutemo upi noupi unokosha kumavhoti 60, kuchikuita kuti kuve kwakaoma nokuda kwebato revoratori renyika. Iyi giradhi inogona kutungamirira kumitemo inoita kuti itsigire muteshiyo panhau dzorudzi, kumanikidzira Dare ramazano kuti rirambe richitsigira hurumende kana kuti kukundikana kukurukura zvinetso zvenguva refu zvakafanana nokuchinja.

Kutarisira Muzera Ramashoko

Kuoma kwehurumende yemazuva ano kunopa denho yakananga kuutariri hwesangano. Nhau dzakadai sewebsitesecsecsecurection, inogadzirwa nemari, ungwaru hwokugadzira, uye biotechnology dzinoda unyanzvi hwakadzama hunonetsa kuti vashandi varonde. Kupfuurirazve, ukuru hwehurumende yehurumende yehurumende hunoita kuti basa gurusa. Bazu revakuru rinowanzotaura kuti [[FLD: 0] ikodzere ropafadzo yokuisa mashoko kubva kuDare, zvichitungamirira kurwisa kwapamutemo pamiganhuro yesimba. Kupesana pakati paPrezidhendi̱ kunodikanwa nokuda kwezano rakavanzika nePungano#817; nokuda kwemashoko okutarisira kurwisana.

Basa Romugari Wemo Mukuitwa Nokunzverwa Kwemitemo

Chirongwa chekuziva nokuvimbisana vagari vemo ndicho kuongorora kukurusa pahurumende ipi neipi. Conreg.gov uye zvimwe midziyo zvemichina zvakakuita kuti zvive nyore zvikuru kuvagari vemo kunyora mutemo, kurava magwaro ezvikwereti, uye kunzwisisa kuti vamiririri vavo vanovhota sei. Kuonana kwevakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa, kutora rutivi mumisangano yehoro yetaundi, uye kutsigira mitemo yakananga nzira dzokupesvedzera muitiro wokuita mutemo. Nenzira yakafanana, ngwariro yavose kukunzwa kwenzwiwanwa nepepanhau rapachena inotsigirwa nerokudzoro yemazita azvo. Apo vagari vemo vanoramba vari kupa ngwariro, masuruvaradziro makuru nokuda kwezvose zviri zviviri Hurumende napurezidhendi. Dhesvoracyherioruzhinji dzinotsigira vadzoresa vadzoreri vadzoreri vakuru vakuru vakuru vakuru vakuru vavo.

Kutonga Kusingaperi

Kuitwa nokuongororwa kwemitemo hakusi mibato yakasiyana asi mibato miviri inoramba iripo, inoita miganhu. Dare rinogadzira gadziriro yepamutemo yechiito uye ipapo rinodzokera kuyera migumisiro, kuva nenzwi, kuongorora maakaundi, uye kuongorora zvinetso. Zvakawanikwa mumabasa okutarisira zvinowanzotungamirira kumitemo mitsva yokugadzirisa zvikanganiso mumitemo iripo kana kuti kugadzirisa nhau dzichangobva kuwanwa. Iyi mhinduro injini yokuzviruramisa mugadziriro yeAmerica yehurumende. Imhakano, inokakavara, uye inowanzovhiringidza, asi ibasa rinokosha zvikuru. Kunzwisisa iyi mirayiro miviri kunokurudzira vagari vemo kuti vasarukidze zviri nani zviito zvavo, utano hwavo huchangobva kuwanwa, uye kukura kwesimba rinogara riripo iro rinorondedzera nyika yeUnited States.