Basa Rinokosha Rokunyora Munyaya Dzevanhu Vanotarisira Kutongwa

Kunzwa kwedare kunoreva mavambo okuita chisarudzo, kupesana, uye zviito zvokudzikamisa mumasangano ehurumende nemasangano asingazivikanwi. Zvinyorwa zvenhau idzi hazvisi basa revafundisi chete. Chivako chinovanza kuti kukwirira, kuzvidavirira, uye kutendeka kwegadziriro yokutarisira. Mabhuku anoshanda senhoroondo yezvakaitika, kuchengetedza uchapupu, zvirevo, uye matanho etsika. Pasina mashoko akakwana, mano okudzokorora zvisarudzo, kupindura, kana kuti kudzivirira mudare zvinokanganisa zvikuru. Munhambo umo kujeka nokunyorwa kwenhau kuri kukuru, kuisa zvose zviri zviviri miitiro yomutemo uye mipimo yapamutemo.

Mapepa anoshanda anodzivirira maruramiro emitezo yose anobatanidzwa(_vachemi, vanyunyuti, zvapupu, uye vaiti vechisarudzo zvakafanana. Kunobvumira kuhwirudzurwa kune revo nemitumbi, matare anotarisira, kana kuti ruzhinji. Kunotsigirawo kuyeuka kwesangano, kuchigonesa masangano kuchengeta kusachinjana kwenguva refu uye kugura vakuru vakuru vakasiana-- siyana vanonzwa. Nyaya ino inogovera nhungamiro yakakudzwa, inoshanda kunyora nhau dzokunzwa, inofukidza chinhu chiri chose kubva mukugadzirira kuteererwa kwapamberi kumiramira mberi kwenguva refu.

Mavambo Emitemo uye Okutungamirira

Chinodikanwa chokunyora kutonga kunobva mumitemo mizhinji nemirairo yemitemo. Pamwero wehurumende, Administrative Procedure Act (APA) inosimbisa mipimo yezvipikirwa zvemitemo, kubatanidza kudikanwa kwechinyorwa chinobatanidza chinyorwa cheufakazi, zviratidziro, uye zvibvumikiso zvose zvakanyorwa. Muitiro mukuru wokudzora wehurumende unoratidza zvinodikanwa izvi. Mukuwedzera, Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) nemitemo yakafanana inowanzoda masangano kuti awanike paanenge akumbira, zvichisimbisazve kukosha kwezvinyorwa zvakakwana uye zvakarurama.

Profeta dzinofanirawo kurangarira mitemo yakajeka, dziviriro dzakavanzika (zvakadai seHIPAA kana kuti mitemo yakavanzika), uye zvinyorwa zvirongwa zvokusazvidzora. Somuenzaniso, National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) inogovera mirayiridzo pamirayiridzo yemanyorero ehurumende, kubatanidza zvinodikanwa zvemitemo nokuda kwokunzwa. Kukundikana kuwirirana nemisengwa iyi kunogona kuguma nemitemo, kurasikirwa nokuvimbwa kwavose, uye miuyo yakaipa murumbidzo. Masangano anofanira kunzvera zano rapamutemo kuti avambidze miitiro yawo yokunyora mapepa anosvitsa zvinodikanwa zvose zvinoshanda.

Nhungamiro Nenzira Yokunyora Nhungamiro

Kunzwa mapepa kwakarongeka kunoderedza zvikanganiso, kunovimbisa kusachinjana, uye kunoderedza mutoro pavashandi vanonzwa nevashandi vanotsigira.

Gadziriro Inokurumidza Kunzwiwa

Kugadzirira kwakakora ibwe rebumbiro rezvinyorwa zvinobudirira. Kuvamba nokuhwirudzura zvirongwa zvokunzwa, faira, mirau inoshanda, uye kuzviisa pasi kupi nokupi kwokunzwa. Gadzirira gadziriro yezvinyorwa zvinotema kuti ndiani achanyora mapepa kana kuti kushandisa michina yokunyora, kuti zvii kana kuti matereseti achashandiswa, uye kuti zviratidziro zvichanyorwa sei. Kana vhidhiyo yakabvumirwa, edza zvishandiso zvacho zvisati zvawanikwa uye simbisa kuti zvibvumirwe kuti zviwanwa zvawanikwa kubva kumativi ose anodiwa nomutemo. Gadziridza ndaza ndandanda yokushandisa mashoko, mabasa, uye mabatanidzwa achachengetedza sei nguva inokosha mukati mezonzwa.

Ita tepi yemashoko inosanganisira zvitambi zvenguva, zvizivikanwo zvemhedziso, uye zvinhu zvinokosha. Masangano akawanda anoshandisa mafomu akatevedzana kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti hapana zvinhu zvinonyanya kuoma zvinofuratirwa. Pamberi pemapepa anoratidza mafaira uye ane urongwa hwekunyora maadirefati kuti zvisaiswa. Funga nezvekushandisa gadziriro yemichina yokubatanidza mapepa, makareko, uye mashoko kubva pakutanga.

Mukati Mekunzwa

Mapepa anokosha anoda kuisa ngwariro, chirango, uye mutoo wakajeka wekunzvera. Kana zvinonyorwa zviri kutorwa nemaoko, shandisa forecha yakarongeka(muenzaniso), paradzanisa peji mumativi maviri: rimwe nokuda kwomukurukuri uye rimwe nokuda kwechinhu. Rekodhi remashoko makuru, zvirevo, zvibvumikiso kana zvichibvira. Nokuda kwezvipupuriro zvirefu, rangarira kuva nezvikamu zviviri zvemazita zvinogona kuyambuka mumwe nomumwe kana kuti munhu mumwe akazvitsaurira kunyora apo mumwe anoshandisa ufakazi.

Kurekodha kworuzha kana kuti vhidhiyo kunogovera dziviriro inokosha uye kunogona kubata mashoko angarasika. Zvisinei, makadiko haafaniri kutsiva chinyorwa chakanyorwa chose chose(chakarekodwa. Chivimbo chokuti muchina wokurekodha hausi wokushandisa uye kuti vatori rutivi vanoziva kuti uri kushandiswa. Ziva mukurukuri mumwe nomumwe pakutanga kwetsinhiro dzavo, zvikurukuru kana kune vatori rutivi vakawanda. Shandisa pepa rezvibvumikiso kana kuti kukumbira vatori vehurukuro kutaura kuti vataure zita ravo. nyora mabopoto api naapi zvawo, bvisa kurukurirano dzamakombiyuta, uye kudzokororwa kwemashoko munguva chaiyoiyo.

Kana paine kupikisana kunoratidza, nyora pakavakirwa uye pakutonga. Pakupera kwokutongwa, simbisai kuti vose vanobvumirana pane zvakanyorwa uye kana kugadzirisa kupi nokupi kuchifanira kutoitwa chinyorwa chisati chavharwa.

Kufora Kunotevedzerwa Pashure Penzwi

Pashure pokunzwa, mapepa asina kunyorwa anofanira kuchinjwa kuva akavimbika, chinyorwa chinoshandisika. Ronga mashoko kana kuti vhidhiyo nokukurumidza sezvinobvira apo chiitiko chinenge chichiri chitsva. Shandisa masangano escrediodition kana kuti maturusi okunyora anoshandiswa nemunhu, asi nguva dzose ane munhu anoongorora ururami. Kunyora mashoko kwatorwa mukati mokutonga, kuenzanisa nokurekodha kuzadza maburi nokupedza zvakavanzika.

Gadzirira pfupiso yakanyorwa kana kuti maminiti akanyorwa anobata zvinhu zvinokosha: musi, nguva, nzvimbo, mukuru mukuru, ndaza yavatori, ndaza yenhevedzano yenhambo dzakatevedzana dzezvinoitika, zvisarudzo, uye nhevedzano yokupedzisira. Rongai girabhu nemakopi zvezviratidziro zvose. Ivai nomutarisiri wenzwi kana kuti chiratidzo chechipiri chokunzvera pakwakakwana kwechinyorwa. Pakupedzisira, chengetai mapepa acho muwirirano negadziriro yokutarisira zvinyorwa zvesangano renyu, kuvimbisa kuti zvose zviri zviviri mapepa ezviratidziro nezvinogadzirwa zvakachengeteka uye zvinowanikwa.

Kusarudza Nzira Dzakakodzera Dzokunyora

Masangano ane nzira dzakawanda dzokunyora nadzo nyaya, imwe neimwe ine mutengo, kururama, uye kukwanisa kunyorwa.

Kutora zvitsama zvechitsama chamaoko

Kunyora kana kuti kutaipa kunongoramba kuri mutoo wakakurumbira zvikurusa. Zvinoda mari inoshandiswa uye michina miduku. Zvisinei, zvinotsamira zvikuru paunyanzvi nengwariro zvemutapi wetsamba. Kuvandudza kusachinjana, kushandisa magadzire akarongwa anokurudzira munyori kutora minda inokosha. Manotsi erudzi rwawo ari nyore kunzvera nokugoverana kupfuura kunyora, asi ose ari maviri anoda kunzvera nokungwarira.

Kurekodha Zvevhidhiyo Nezvinorekodhwa

Kunyora kunowedzera ruvara rwokuvimbika rusingagoni kuenzana. Marekodhi enzwi, mafoni, kana kuti makombiyuta enzwi akatsaurirwa anogona kubata shoko rimwe nerimwe. Masangano akawanda zvino anoshandisa video kuisa zvikuva zvakagadzirwa nemativi akagadzirwa kuti zvive nokurekodwa. Zvinodiwa zvepamutemo zvokuzivisa nokubvumira zvinosiyana nokudzorwa, naizvozvo nguva dzose kusimbisa mutemo kana kuti womunzvimbomo. Marekodhi anofanira kunyorwa zvakajeka ndokuchengetwa munzvimbo yakakotsekana.

Masangano Anonyora Mashoko

Nokuda kwokutongwa kwakarongwa kana kuti kwakakwirira, vatori venhau vedare kana kuti masangano okurekodwa anobudisa mashoko eshoko. Idzi ndidzo mupimo wendarama nokuda kworururami nokusashaika. Ndyiko dzinogona kuva dzakakwirira, asi kazhinji kazhinji dzinoruramiswa muzvinoitika kuti dzikwezverwe kana kuti kuongororwa zvikuru. Maturusi okunyoresa akarongwa akavandudza zvikuru uye anopa kutsiva kwakaderera, asi kudzokororwa kwomunhu kunoramba kuri madikanwa kururamisa zvikanganiso, zvikurukuru namazita ounyanzvi kana kuti vakurukuri vakawanda.

Miitiro Yakanakisisa Mukutarisira Mashoko

Kunyora chinyorwa ihafu bedzi yehondo; kuitarisira kwenguva yakati kunokosha zvakaenzana. Kushandisa miitiro yokutarisira magwaro yakasimba kunovimbisa kuti zvinyorwa zvinoramba zvichibetsera, zvakachengeteka, uye zvichiwirirana.

Kugadza Zviratidzo uye Mabudisi

Zvikamu zvinoshandiswa zvinoderedza kusachinja uye zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuvanzveri kuwana mashoko. Kudziridza matepi okuongorora asati aongororwa, matanda okunzwa, matanda okuratidzira, uye mashoko okupeta pashure. Shandisai kokorodzano dzokududza nguva dzose nokuda kwemafaira emichina yemakombiyuta (umh., Day-Case Monumber-reating Type). Izvi zvinokosha zvikurukuru kana vakuru vakuru vakuru vanonzwa vakawanda kana madhipatimendi vabatanidzwa.

Mativi ezvitatu uye Kuiswa kweIndex

Gamuchirai zviratidzo zvemitemo yemitemo kuchinyorwa chimwe nechimwe (zvakadai senhamba, mukuru mukuru anonzwa, musi, musoro, uye muuyo. Ikoku kugonesa kunzvera nokuwanwa. Danga indekisi iyo inoratidzira zvisakiso zvomuchinjikwa, chipupuriro, uye miraudzo. Mumiitiro yemagetsi, shandisa zvivako zvamasaini nemifananidzo kudzivirira vhiringidziko. Rangarira kusimudzirwa kwemafaundi anonzwa akakwana kutsigira nzvero nenzvero dzemiitiro.

Kuchengeteka uye Kuva Nezvakavanzika

Mapepa ezvirongwa zvokunzwa anowanzova nemashoko akavanzika anobva kumunhu, zvakavanzika zvebhizimisi, kana kuti mashoko okuisa mutemo. Kushandiswa kwekudzora kupinda kwakavakirwa pabasa uye kuda kuziva. Kunyora mafaira emichina uye kushandisa mafaira akachengeteka kana kuti mapepa egore ane nzira dzokuongorora. Zvinyorwa zvenyama zvinofanira kuchengetwa mumakabati akapfigirwa ane zviratidzo. Kutevedzana kumitemo inodzivirira yakadai seGDPR kana kuti zviito zvehurumende zvokuvandaga, uye kuparadza maererano nepurogiramu yakatenderwa.

Kukanganwa uye Kusanzwisisa

Kudziridza rudungwe rwokuchengeta runoratidzira kuti marudzi akasiyana- siyana ezvinyorwa zvokunzwa anofanira kuchengetwa sei. Nzvera mirau inoshanda. (Somuenzaniso, masangano akawanda ehurumende anochengeta zvinyorwa zvokunzwa zvakarongwa kwaanenge makore manomwe pashure pechiito chokupedzisira. Microfilm kana kuti kuita kuti zvisapinda mumapepa arefuresa anogona kuchengeta nzvimbo apo anenge achichengeta zviri mukati. Apo zvinyorwa zvinosvika mugumo wenhambo yazvo yokuyeuka, kuzvirasa nokuchengetwa (kudzima kana kuti kudzima kwama) kudzivisa kuzivikanwa nenzira inotenderwa.

Misungo Inowanzosashandiswa

Kunyange vakuru vakuru vanonzwa vane ruzivo rwokuzviwanira vanogona kuwira mumisungo yokunyora.

  • Mukuita kuti mashoko ose kana kuti amonere: Kuisa ngwariro bedzi pauchapupu hwakati kana kuti mapfundo okubvisa mashoko anogona kuita chinyorwa chakamonyaniswa. Nguva dzose nyora chinyorwa chakazara chenguva, kubatanidza kurukurirano dzakarongwa uye zvikonzero zvekunonoka kupi nokupi.
  • Kuzvivimba nendangariro:[ Kunyange kunzwa kupfupi kunogona kubatanidza zvisarudzo zvakawanda. Nyora mitemo nezvirambidzo sezvazvinenge zvichiitika. Usafunga kuti uchayeuka udzame gare gare.
  • Kukundikana kwemarekodhi: Michina yokurekodha inogona kusashanda zvakanaka kana kuti kupera bhatiri. Nguva dzose iva nomutoo wokuzviyamura(a peni nepepa zvakagadzirwa, kana kuti chishandiso chechipiri chokurekodha. Edza chinhu chiri chose musati matanga kunzwa.
  • Rack yezivikanwo yavakurukuri: Pasina mupiro, mashoko anogona kuva enzi anobva kumunhu asina kururama. Shandisa zita ramatende, mapepa okunzvera, kana kuti ndaza yokutaura. Pamakadhirodhi, tanga kutaura kwomukurukuri mutsva mumwe nomumwe nezita rawo.
  • Kushora misengwa yakavanzika: Kugoverana kana kuti kuchengeta marekodhi nenzira isina kufanira kunogona kutungamirira kunjodzi yapamutemo. Iva nechokwadi chokuti vabati vose vanonzwa mapepa vanorovedzwa pazvinodikanwa zvakavanzika.

Kurovedza uye Kugadza Vanhu

Kuvara kwokunyora kwakabatana zvakananga nounyanzvi nokuziva vanhu vanobatanidzwa. Ruviro mukurovedza nguva dzose nokuda kwavakuru vakuru vanonzwa, vatongi vemitemo yokutarisira, mabharani, uye vashandi vanotsigira. Kurovedza kunofanira kufukidza zvinodikanwa zvapamutemo, unyanzvi hwokunyora, kushandisa michina yokurekodha, uye miraudzo yapamutemo. Sangano repepa rakanyorwa iro rinogona kurehwa seyamuro yebasa.

Itai kuti madhipatimendi akasiyana - siyana kana kuti nzvimbo dzinonzwa dzitevedzere miitiro yakasiyana - siyana, fungai kuumba boka rinoshanda kuti rikudziridze nhungamiro dzakafanana. Kuongorora nguva nenguva zvinyorwa zvekunzwa kuti uone nzvimbo dzokuvandudza. Kufutisa kunobva kuna vaongorori kunogona kugadziridza magadzirirwo ezvidzidzo zvepashure.

Kuwana Musimboti Womunguva Yemberi

Masangano anochinja manzwi uye anoaita achifambira mberi achabatsirwa nokushanda zvakanaka uye kururama.

  • Zvikamu zvokutarisira kunzwa zvakanamirwa:[[FL:1] Izvi zvinobatanidza purogiramu, chinyorwa, rekodha, uye mashoko anopinda mugadziriro imwe. Zvinopfavisa kusvika kure uye kuyanana.
  • trapy yapanyika nepfupiso: Maturusi akadai seOtter.Ai kana kuti Microsoft’s Azure Special Services anogona kugadzira mashoko enguva chaiyoiyo namarekodhi. Kunyange zvazvo zvichiri kuda kutarisirwa navanhu, zvinoderedza zvikuru nguva inotenderera.
  • Chisaini che Digital nee-filifing: Kubvisa pepa kupfurikidza nokubvumira vatori rutivi kupa ufakazi nemirairo yokusaina pakombiyuta. Ikoku kunoderedza chinyorwa uye kunoderedza zvinodikanwa zvokuchengeta.
  • Zvikamu zvokuva pachena: Tsamba dzinova nezvinowanikwa kuvanhu vakaremara, zvakadai sezvinyorwa zveshamwari kana kuti makadhi evhidhiyo akanyorwa mashoko. Compalince neChikamu 508 cheChiteshi chepaIndaneti chinosungirwa masangano ehurumende uye kazhinji kazhinji dzinodikanwa nehurumende.

Kupfurikidza nokugamuchira idzi itsva nepo achichengeta hwaro hwakasimba mukururamisa kwetsika, masangano anogona kuita zvinyorwa zvokunzwa izvo zvose zviri zviviri zvakavimbika uye zvinotarira mberi.

mhedziso

Kunyora zviitiko zvokuteerera zvehurumende mutoro unoiswa pamativi akawanda unoda ngwariro kumipimo yapamutemo, kushanda, uye unyanzvi hwekugadzirwa. Kuvambira pakuhwirudzura kwokutanga kutangira kuchengetwa kwokupedzisira, nhano iri yose inobetsera kukuvimbika nokushanda kwechinyorwa. Mapepa edare anodzivirira kodzero dzavatori, anotsigira kuhwirudzurwa, uye anosimbisa kuva pamutemo kwokuita chisarudzo chehurumende. Masangano anoisa miitiro yakajeka, anoisa mukurovedza, uye anogamuchira zvishandiso zvakakodzera achawana kuti zvinyorwa zvawo zvokunzwa hazvingovi chinodikanwawo chinoteererwa asi chinhu chinokosha chakakodzera.

Nokuda kwokuraviwazve pamiitiro yokuteerera yakanakisisa, bvunza Conference youtarisiri hweUnited States, National Archives and Records Administration, uye basa resangano rako umene rokudzora. Kuita zvino kugadziridza mutoo wako wokunyora kuchabhadhara mururamiso murumano, chivimbo, uye kugadzirira kwapamutemo kwamakore anouya.