Fandesheni Yebumbiro reMitemo Yechiremera Chehurumende

Masimba ehurumende dzehurumende haasati ari apa muganhu wehurumende; anogarwa nhaka uye makuru. Mugadziriro yehurumende yeU.S., hurumende dzinochengeta masimba ose asina kupiwa zvakananga kuhurumende yehurumende neBumbiro remitemo reU.S. nheyo iyi inoiswa mu Amendment yechi10], iyo inochengetera hurumende, kana kuti vanhu, masimba asina kupiwa hurumende yomubatanidzwa.

Chiremera ichi chakachengetwa chinowanzonzi "hurumende. Chinobvumira kutaura mano makuru okubatanidza utano, chengeteko, tsika, uye garikano yavagari vemo vose. Kubva mumhepo unofema kuenda kumigwagwa yaunotyaira pairi, mitemo yehurumende inogadza gadziriro yemiitiro yako yezuva nezuva. Kusafanana nehurumende yehurumende, inoshanda pasi pegadziriro yamasimba anonyorwa, mitemo yehurumende inopa chiremera chehurumende. Iyi inoreva kuti ingaita panenge panhau ipi neipi kunze kweU.S.Bumbiro reMitemo kana kuti mutemo wehurumende inoita kuti idzore zvakajeka.

Imwe pfungwa inokosha idzikamo yesimba pakati pehurumende nenzvimbo dzadzo dzinogara. Munyasi DALLY], hurumende dzomunzvimbomo (magariro namaverengero) dzinorangarirwa sedzomutemo "kusikwa kwehurumende. Izvozvi zvinoreva kuti dzine masimba bedzi ayo hurumende inopa. Kunyange zvakadaro, dzimwe nyika dzinopa chiremera chakafara "Musha" kumaguta adzo, dzichiabvumira kuva norusununguko runokosha munhau dzomunzvimbomo. Ukama uhwu pakati pehurumende nehoro yeguta igweta guru romunzvimbomo. Kureva kuti dzine masimba ayo makuru kupfurikidza nemitemo inodzorwa.


Mapazi Matatu eHurumende yeHurumende

Zvisinei, mabasa chaiwo uye masimba ebazi rimwe nerimwe anosiyana zvikuru munzvimbo nehurumende.

Bazi Rine Chinzvimbo Chacho Chokutungamirira: Hakusi Kungovawo Zvawo Gavhuna

Governor inobatira somukuru mukuru mukuru, inoshandisa simba guru pabhajeti yehurumende, vhato (kubatanidza giramu-magiramu mudzimwe nyika), uye kugadzwa kwavakuru vakuru vesangano rehurumende. Gavhuna anogadza purogiramu yehurumende, kazhinji kazhinji achipa "Chikamu cheHurumende" kero uye bhajeti yemari yegore negore.

Kusafanana nomukuru mukuru wehurumende, mabumbiro enyika akawanda anoumba vakuru vakuru vakuru vakagadzwa nenzira yakazvimirira. .Litenant Gavhuna, Attorney General[, [[FLT]], [[FLT]]] . [FLT] , uye [[FLT] vatendi vemarissss [[[ vanowanzosarudzwa navanhu, kwete naGavhuna. Izvi zvinoreva kuti Gavhuna angagoverana simba nenhengo inokwikwikwidzana mumabasa aya makuru. Hurumende Attorney, somuenzaniso, inoita kuti mitemo yakawanda itsigire, kana kuti ibata matare akawanda, kana kuti itonge matare okutonga.

Bazu Romutemo: Munoumbwa Mitemo

Hurumende ndiyo inoita kuti pave nemitemo yeAmerica. Kunze kweNebraska (iyo ine unicameral system), masangano ose emitemo ehurumende aiumba, ane Dare reState reState uye [[FLT]] Servet House of Admirations (kana kuti Gungano). Mapoka aya ane mutoro wokuronga nokupfuudza mitemo inodzora kubhadharwa kwedzidzo, mitaro, mitero, miraudzo yezvozvoutano, uye ruramisiro yeutsotsi.

Vaiti vemitemo vehurumende vagari vehurumende vanowanzova vagari vemo venguva imwe chete, kwete vezvamatongerwe enyika vane unyanzvi, uye vanoshanda murusando rwamazuva akaganhurirwa gore rimwe nerimwe. Ikoku kunovaita vasvikika zvikuru kuvane mitezo. Muitiro wehurumende mumibatanidzwa yehurumende ndimo umo basa chairo rinoitirwa. Bills vanoitirana nharo, vanogadziridzwa, uye zvimwe vanourawa kana kuti vapfuudzira. Kutevera dare iimwe yenzira dzakanakisisa dzokunzwisisa nayo kuti hurumende inoshanda sei.

Bazu Rokutonga: Shoko Rokupedzisira paMutemo weHurumende

Dare reHurumende ndiro mabhiza ebasa egadziriro yemitemo yeAmerica. Nepo Dare repamusorosoro reU.S. richitonga mhaka dzisingasviki 100 pagore, matare makurusa anonzwa zviuru. Aya matare anorondedzera mabumbiro emitemo nemirau, uye ndiwo vatongi vokupedzisira vomutemo wenyika. Kusarudzwa kwevatongi vehurumende kunosiyana zvikuru, kubva pasarudzo dzinosarudzwa kusvikira ku kukodzera gadziriro dzakavakirwa pamirayiro (Missouri Purogiramu).

Nemhaka yokuti matare makurusa ndiwo chiremera chikurusa pamitemo yawo amene yehurumende, anogona kupa dziviriro dzamaruramiro dzinopfuura idzo dzinogoverwa neBumbiro reMitemo reU.Idzi dzazova rutivi rukuru rwejaji razvino uno panhau dzinovambira pakodzero dzomunhu oga kusvikira kumari inotsigirwa kuchikoro. Nhevedzo dzinodzorwa kuzvivako zvehurumende, kubatanidza rutongeso rwedare, dzinogona kuwanwa paBalotpedia.


Kuumba Kunoita Simba Renyika Rako, Utano, uye Musha Wako

Kunzwisisa aya masimba chaiwo kunoratidza chikonzero nei kurwisana kwemitemo yenzvimbo yehurumende kuchiwanzova chinhu chinovapo kupfuura kurwisana kwehurumende.

Dzidzo Nemitero Yako

Hurumende dzinosarudza nzira yokutsigira nayo zvikoro zvehurumende, izvo zvinowanzotsamira zvikuru pamitero yenzvimbo dzomunzvimbomo. Ikoku kunotungamirira kumapoka makuru mune zvokushandisa mari pakati pemaruwa akapfuma nearombo, manyuko enguva dzose emari mumatare ehurumende.

Manyika akagadza mipimo yedzidzo (yakadai seCoral Core), anoita nzvero dzakarongwa, uye anoraira mudzidzisi kuti atendere. Anobvumirawo nokudzora zvikoro zvehadhi nepurogiramu dzemitemo yedzidzo yepamusoro. Nokuda kwedzidzo yakakwirira, hurumende inobhadharira mayunivhesiti avose (se UC, SUNY, kana kuti UT) uye anogadza mitemo yedzidzo yakakwirira. Kutengwa kwedzidzo yehurumende mudzidzo yakakwirira kunotapura zvakananga kuva nemari yekoreji nokuda kwavagari vayo.

Kuwana Kurapwa uye Kurapwa Nemabhedhicaid

Hurumende ndidzo dzokutungamirira kukuru kwemisika yeinishuwarenzi yezvoutano. Affordble Care Act (ACA) yakapiwa chisarudzo chokufutunura [[FLT: 0] Midhidhi [ kufukidza vakuru vanotambira mari shoma. Somuuyo, paradzano huru yakatanga pakati pemitengo inokura nehurumende dzisati dziri dzechikaro, inotapura zvakananga kubhadharwa kwamamirioni avanhu.

Masangano anotarisirawo Health Inishuwarensi Morests, anodzora mwero wemari inobhadharwa yeinishuwarenzi, uye anotarisira muitiro webasa ravanachiremba, vakoti, uye dzimwe nyanzvi dzezvoutano. Madhipatimendi outano avanhu anotarisira chinhu chiri chose kubva mukunzvera kweresitorendi kusvikira kunhimbe dzemushonga. Murakaha weCHOVID wakasimbisa simba guru ravanagavhuna venyika kuti vabudise mirairo yavakuru vakuru vehurumende inotapura kufukidza, mabasa ebhizimisi, uye kuvhara kwezvikoro.

Zvekufambisa Nezvirongwa

Mugariro wemigwagwa namabhiriji zvaunoshandisa zuva riri rose muuyo wakananga womuitiro wehurumende. Hurumende Tsvene dzeNtrave (DOT) inodzora kugadzirwa kwemigwagwa, kugadziridzwa, uye chengeteko yemotokari. Manyuko makuru emari yeizvi zvirongwa mutero weganda [ wegasi [[FLT]].

Nzvimbo ye Motor Vehicles (DMV) muenzaniso wakatanhamara wehurumende yehurumende inobata mugari wemo zvakananga. United States inodzora marezenisi avatyairi, kunyoresa kwemotokari, uye makadhi okuzivisa. Ivo vanogadzawo mitemo yomumugwagwa, ganhuriro dzemhanza, uye mirau inodzorwa.

Kuchengeteka Kworuzhinji Neruramisiro Yeutsotsi

Hurumende dzinotungamirira mapurisa, matare, uye majeri. Nepo mapato emapurisa omunzvimbomo achibata kutenderera kwezuva nezuva, masangano ehurumende emapurisa anogovera varapi vemitemo vakananga uye mapurisa anotenderera migwagwa. Mitemo yehurumende inorondedzera mhaka dzoutsotsi zhinjisa, kubva pakubiwa nokurwiswa kusvikira kukuva nezvinodhaka nokuuraya. matare eStatement mamirioni emhosva gore rimwe nerimwe, achisarudza miuyo nokuda kwaavo vanopomerwa mhaka.

Hurumende dzakagadza nhungamiro dzokutonga, kutungamirira mabhodhi ejeri rehurumende, uye kushanda. Nhuro dzemitemo dzakaitwa navatongi vehurumende dzinotyaira zvakananga mwero yokusungwa. “Kunyange pautsotsi” mitemo kuvambira muma 1990 yakatungamirira kukukura kukuru kwamatorongo ehurumende. Nhasi, ruramisiro yeutsotsi inochinja(kubatanidza kuchinjwa kwebheyili), kuderedzwa kwegwero, uye kubviswa kwepurogiramu dzehurumende. State Attorney General anoitawo basa guru mukudzora utsotsi hwakarongwa uye ushati hwevo.

Mitero uye Mutemo Wemari

Muitiro wemitero wehurumende mutyairi ane simba wetsika dzemari negarikano yomunhu oga. United States inoregeredza mitero yemari, mitero yokutengesa, mitero yemitero yemari, uye mitero yemitero pazvinhu zvakadai sepeturu, chinwiwa chinodhaka, nefodya. Chisarudzo chinoitwa nehurumende kuisa mutero wemari inofambira mberi (seCalifornia) kana kuti kusabhadhara mutero wemari yose (seTexas kana kuti Florida) chine miuyo mikuru pamusoro penzvimbo yamabhizimisi nenzvimbo apo vanhu vanosarudza kugara.

Masangano akagadzawo mubhadharo wakaderera [, unogona kuva wakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura mubhadharo muduku womubatanidzwa. Anoshandisa inishuwarenzi yourovha nepurogiramu dzeripo ravashandi. Hurumende dzinoshandisa zvikwereti zvemitero nezvinonyandura kukwezva mabhizimisi, zvichitungamirira kumakwikwikwi makuru pakati pehurumende nokuda kwemitengo yebhizimisi, yakadai senzvimbo itsva dzinogadzira kana kuti dzimbahwe. Kukwikwikwidzana kwomugariro wemari kunoumba mugariro wenzvimbo yemikana muAmerica.

Kugadzirwazve Kwemhoteredzo Nepfuma Yomuzvarirwo

Hurumende dzinoita kuti mitemo yokutanga yemhoteredzo ichengetedze mhepo nemvura. Environmental Protection Agency yeAmerica inogadza mipimo yehurumende, asi hurumende dzinopiwa chiremera chokuishandisa nokuimanikidza. Dzimwe nyika dzinofamba zvakanaka kupfuura mipimo yehurumende. Calinia’s Air Resources Board (CARB) dzinogadza mipimo yemotokari inoparira mipimo inopesvedzera kwazvo zvokuti dzinogadza nenzira inobudirira mupimo wenyika yose. Dzimwe nyika dzinogona kusarudza kugamuchira mitemo yerumano yemuswe weCalifornia panzvimbo peyavarwi.

Nyika dzinotarisira nyika dzavose, dzinodzora kodzero dzemvura (zvikurukuru dzinonetsa kuMadokero akaoma), uye dzinotarisira kugadzirwa kwesimba.

Kusarudza Nokupa Kodzero

Bumbiro reMitemo reU.S. rinosiya kutarisirwa kwesarudzo kunenge chose chose kunyika. Iri ndirimwe ramasimba makuru anovapo pashure zvikurusa rina hurumende. Mitemo inosarudza nzira dzokuvhota, nzvimbo nemaawa zvenzvimbo dzokuvhota, marudzi emichina yokuvhota inoshandiswa, uye mitemo nokuda kwokushaikwa kwetsamba nokuvhota.

Hurumende dzinoita miganhu nokuda kwemiganhu yehurumende nehurumende yemitemo kupfurikidza nomuitiro we inoyera , iyo inoitika makore gumi ari ose pashure pokuverengwa. Nzira iyo iyi mitsetse inokweviwa nayo inogona kuvhara musimba rezvamatongerwe enyika kwegumi ramakore, ichiita udzori hwenzvimbo yehurumende hwokuisa nhau inokakavara zvikuru. Hurumende dzinopawo mitemo pamusoro pezvinodikanwa zvevhoti, nhambo dzokuvhota, uye kubudiswa kwemivhoti. Zvisarudzo izvi zvine muuyo wakananga uye unodzorwa pavhotera uye perero yesarudzo.


Kusunungurwa: Kurwisa Simba Pakati PeHurumende Nemitemo Yomunzvimbomo

Imwe yenharaunda dzine simba gurusa dzesimba rehurumende kushandiswa kwe jambwa. Ikoku kunoitika apo zviteshi zvehurumende kana kuti kukurira chiremera chehurumende dzomunzvimbomo (zvirevo nezviverengero) kuti zvipfuure mitemo yazvo zvimene. Mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya, mitengo yakashandisa nenzira yokutsiga kuputsa mitemo yomunzvimbomo pamhatsa yakafara yenhau, kubatanidza:

  • [ Bhegi rakaderera: United States yakavhara maguta pakugadza mibairo yaro imene, yakakwirira zvikuru.
  • Translastic Banits: United States yakadzivisa maguta omumhenderekedzo yegungwa kurambidza mapurasitiki anoshandiswa rimwe.
  • ... United States yakapa mitemo inorambidza zvitsauko zvokudzora pfuti zvomunzvimbomo, ichiumba mipimo yenyika yose.
  • Policies: States yakadenha `Guta reko re" mitemo inoganhurira batira pamwe nokuchengetwa kwokupinda munyika kwehurumende.

Kukakavadzana uku pakati pehurumende nehoro yeguta chinhu chinoumba utongi hwazvino uno. kunomutsa mibvunzo inokosha pamusoro poubati ushe hwehurumende uye udzori hwomunharaunda.Vagari vomunharaunda vanoda kuona chinjo vanowanzozviwana vamene vachifamba muiyi nzvimbo yakaoma yakaparadzwa.


Kudzivirira Nokuwedzera Kodzero Kupfurikidza Nemitemo yeHurumende

Kunyange zvazvo Bumbiro reMitemo reUnited States richiisa nzvimbo nokuda kwekodzero dzevanhu, bumbiro remitemo rehurumende rinogona kuisa uye rinoisa denga rakakwirira. matare makuru ehurumende anogona kutsanangura mitemo yawo amene kuti agovere dziviriro huru nokuda kwokuva oga, kutaura, uye kuenzana, pasinei zvapo nokuti Dare Rapamusoro reUnited States rinorondedzera sei bumbiro remitemo rehurumende.

Somuenzaniso, matare makuru enyika anoverengeka akatonga kuti bumbiro remitemo rawo rinodzivirira maruramiro edzidzo yakakwana, kumanikidza nyika kunyanyova namasangano emari echikoro. matare ehurumende ave ariwo pamberi pokuziva maruramiro emunhu oga muzera remitauro, achitonga kushandiswa kwemibatanidzwa yenzvimbo yeserura nekhamera. Simba rematare ehurumende kukudza maruramiro, kuzvimirira kwehurumende yejaji rehurumende, rutivi runokosha rwechibvumirano cheAmerican.


Kubatana Nehurumende Yako

Kubatana nehurumende ndiyo imwe yenzira inobudirira zvikuru yokupesvedzera nayo zvinhu. Kusafanana nehurumende yehurumende, umo inzwi rimwe chete rinogona kunzwa rarasika, vaiti vemitemo vehurumende kazhinji kazhinji vanongova runhare kana kuti horo yetaundi iri kure.

Kutora rutivi nenzira inobudirira:

  • [ Wana Mapararo Ako: Une Mumiriri weHurumende neMumiriri weHurumende. Tarisa mashoko avo ehekitari nezvinyorwa zvokuvhota.
  • Kutevera Mutemo:[ Mawebsite emitemo ehurumende anokupa mukana wokuronda zvikwereti kupfurikidza nomusoro. Gadza mheni dzezvikwereti zvedzidzo, tarisiro youtano, kana kuti mitero.
  • Mabhiri eAttend Public Livings: anoumbwa mukutonga kwedare. Kuedza kana kuti kungopinda bedzi mutongo unokosha kwauri unogona kuva anopesvedzera zvikuru.
  • Vate muRusarudzo rweHurumende: Turnout nokuda kwehurumende uye sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo dzakaderera zvikuru, kureva kuti vhoti yako inotakura ukoshi hukuru zvikuru kupfuura sarudzo yapurezidhendi.
  • Hurumende inowirirana: Kana sangano rehurumende (seDMV kana kuti Department of Inishuwarenzi) riri kukundikana kubatira vanhu, kunyorera muiti wemitemo kunogona kunyandura tarisiro yapakarepo.

Mugumisiro: Chikonzero Nei Simba reHurumende Richikosha Kuvagari Vose

Hurumende hadzisi shoori dzokudzora; ndidzo nhanho huru dzetsika yavose muUnited States. Zvisarudzo zvinoitwa muhurumende zvinosarudza kunaka kwezvikoro, kuchengeteka kwemigwagwa, rucheno rwemhepo, mutengo wezvoutano, uye ruramisiro yehurumende. Kunzwisisa masimba ehurumende ndiyo nhano yokutanga yokuva mugari wemo anobudirira. Nokupinda mune zvematongerwe enyika, vagari vemo vanogona kutungamirira mitoo inodzorwa nokukurumidza zvikurusa nenesimba yehurumende inotonga yedemocracy, kuumba nzanga dzavanogara uye kodzero dzavanadzori. "Ubati ushe hwedemocracy" hunozarukira, uye mugari ari wose anokokwa kutora rutivi mukunzvera uko kunorondedzera upenyu hweAmerica.