Sumo

Good Friver Agreement, inozivikanwa nenzira yakanyorerwa seBelfast Agreement, yakasainwa pana April 10, 1998, uye inoramba iri imwe yezviitwa zvinokosha zvikurusa mune zvematongerwe enyika munhau yeIrish neBritain yazvino uno. Nharidzano yayo huru yakanga iri yokugumisa rwisano yamasimba masimba yaizivikanwa seThe Troubles, iyo yakanga yatambudza Ireland yokuMadokero kwamakumi matatu amakore. Kupfuura kutanga gadziriro yorugare, Chibvumirano chakagadzirirwa noune urongwa hwekudzorera ukama pakati peNorthern Ireland neRepublic of Ireland. Muparsurty yakarondedzerwa nemapoka ehondo, uye kunyumwiro nechekero dzinotesa.

Zvakaitika Kare: Zvinetso uye Kudiwa Kwokugadzira Zvinhu Zvitsva

Kunzwisisa tapuro yeChibvumirano paukama hwemiganhu yemiganhu, munhu anofanira kutanga kuziva ukuru hwekukamukana kwaivepo pamberi pa1998. Chikamu cheIreland muna 1921 chakagadzira muganhu wakaparadzana miganhu mitanhatu yeNorthern Ireland kubva kumakumi maviri netanhatu yeRepublic. Kwemakumi emakore, muganhu uyu wakanga uri manyuko edzvinyiriro dzezvamatongerwe enyika, kuparadzana kwezvemari, uye ngozi dzomuviri. Mukati meNharedzi (c. 1968-1988), muganhu wakava mubatanidzwa webasa rehondo, kudzosa, uye varwi. British nharaunda dzokunzvera mauto dzakanga dzakakurumbira, uye kuyambuka pakati peNorth neSouth kazhinji kacho, kutyisidzira, uye dzimwe nguva kusingabviri.

Republic of Ireland’s bumbiro remitemo (Mazita 2 na 3) rakataura kuchitsuwa chose, gadziriro yakatsvaira kutya mubatanidzwa neukama hwemitsetse yakaoma. Munguvayo, vagari vemo vazhinji muNorthern Ireland vakanzwa vakaparadzana nehurumende uye vakatarira kuDublin nokuda kwetsigiro. Mugumisiro wakanga uri batira pamwe yakashata zvikuru, nokusavimba zvikuru kwehurumende pakati penzanga dziri kurutivi rumwe norumwe rwemuganhu.

Muitiro worugare wakatungamirira kuGood Frive Agreement wakavakirwa pakuziva kuti idzi zvinetso zvemiganhu yemiganhu yaisagona kupedzwa chose chose kupfurikidza nezviito zvokuchengeteka. Panzvimbo pezvo, kuvakwa kutsva kwaidikanwa kukurudzira kurukurirano, kuita chisarudzo chakabatana, uye betsero dzose. Naizvozvo Chibvumirano chakabatanidza batira pamwe senheyo huru, kwete yapashure pokufunga.

Gadziriro Huru Yebvumirano Yakanaka YeChishanu Inotapura Kubatana Kwechipiyaniso

Masangano aya akagadzirirwa kuti pave nechivimbo uye kuti pave nokubatsirana kunooneka nokushanda pamwe chete kwepakati peNorthern Ireland neRiphabliki yeIreland.

Dare Roushumiri RokuNorth - South (NSMC)

Chinonyanya kuoneka chekudzora kwemiganhu yemicheto iNorth-Southal Minister Council. Yakatangwa pasi peStrand II yeChibvumirano, NSMC inounganidza vashumiri vanobva kuNorthern Ireland Gurumist neHurumende yeIrish kukurukura uye kutsinhirana kwemiitiro yenhau dzemagariro. Kubatanidza mibatanidzwa yakadai sokurima, dzidzo, utano, zvokufambisa, zvakapoteredza, uye zvokushambadza. NSMC inoshanda muplenary, chikamu chenyika, uye masangano ehurumende, zvichibvumira kukurukurirana kwepamusoro kwezvamatongerwe enyika pamwe chete nokubatana. Kuda misangano yenguva dzose, dzidzo yemasangano ezvamatongerwe enyika kubva kumagamuchidzanwa ose ari maviri kuti ashande, kusimudzira ukama hwomunhu oga oga uye kudzika kwetembiri yematembiri yemakuru.

Mitumbi Inopfachuka yokuchamhembe - kumaodzanyemba

Kupa donzo kuNSMC Commission yeNS, Chibvumirano chakagadzira Mitemo mitanhatu yeNorth-South Idementation: Waterways Ireland, Foyway Secure Board, Foyle, Carlingford neIrish Lights Commission yeNorth-South Language (kubatanidza naNa Gaeilgege neUlster-Scotting Agency), EUNICEF Programmes, uye InterTrade Ireland. Mitumbi iyi inoita mabasa anoshanda uye inotarisira mipatara inoshanda pahwaro hwezuva nezuva. Somuenzaniso, Interrareland yave iri shonge iri purofiti mukubetsera mativi ose ari maviri eURCM, mativi ose okupinda nokugadzirwa kwemisika mishasa. Mvura nehove inotsigira migwagwa yegungwa iIreland, mirwiyo yemipanderi yemipanyu inosimudzira kudzo inodzo inodzosera kupfuutswa.

Musangano Wehurumende WeBritain

Panze pemasangano okuMadokero neSouth, Chibvumirano chakasimbisawo British - Irish Intergovernmental Conference, iyo yakatsiva miitiro yehurumende yapakuvamba. Iyi Dare rinobvumira hurumende dzeBritain neIreland kubvunza pamusoro penhau dzinotapura Northern Ireland idzo dzisingachinjiki kumukuru mukuru wehurumende yomunzvimbomo. Nepo ichinyanya kutaura ukama hweEast-West, yakapfavisawo kurukurirano inovangira muganhu wenyika kupfurikidza nokugovera nzira yokupedza nayo makakatanwa angapinda mukusawirirana kweNorth neSouth.

Gadziriro Dzebumbiro Remitemo Nezivikanwo

Chibvumirano chakachinja gadziriro yebumbiro remitemo munzira idzo dzinotapura zvakananga ukama hwemiganhu. Republic yeIreland yakagadziridza bumbiro rayo remitemo kubvisa nzvimbo muNorthern Ireland, panzvimbo pezvo kusimbisa nheyo yemitemo yokubvumirana: Chibvumirano cheNorthern Ireland chinogona kuchinja bedzi kana voruzhinji vayo vakavhotera. Hurumende yeBritain yakazvipira kushandisa chibvumirano pasina kudzikamisa nheyo yokubvumirana. Uku kubvumwa kukuru kwepfungwa kubvisa kuvimbwa kwepfungwa kunopamhara. Kupfuurirazve, Chibvumirano chakaziva kuva pamutemo kwezvose zviri zviviri British neIreland Northern Ireland uye yakatanga miitiro yakadai seNorthern Human Rights Commis Commis kudzivirira kuengororoka netsika. Kupfurikidza nokubvisa muganhu wacho umene, Adventiment yakabvumira kubatana kwemitezo yetsika kukuva kuzivikanwa.

Tapuro Pabatira Pamwe Yemuchinjikwa Wezvemari

Imwe yetapuro dzinoisvokosha dzeGood Friver Agreement yave iri kukura kwemibato yemari yakaganhurirwa. Pasati pa 1998, kutengeserana pakati peNorthern Ireland neRepublic kwakanga kwakaderera zvikuru, kuchidzorwa nemidhusano yemari, kusiyana kwemari (Ireland pakutanga yakashandisa kirogiramu yeIreland, ipapo euro, nepo Northern Ireland yakaramba iri yakaisvonaka), uye kushaiwa tsigiro yesangano. Mitengo yezvemari, yakabatanidzwa nemari yeEurope yeEuropean Union uye basa reInterTraireland, zvakabetsera kugadzira mari yakawanda yezvitsuwa zvinobatana.

Kutengesa Nokuisa Mari Mubhizimisi

Kutengesa kwemiganhu yemikova kwakura zvikuru chifo cheChibvumirano. Pakasvika 2020, Republic yeIreland yakanga iri musika mukurusa unotengeswa kusiiwa kuNorthern Ireland, inova inoparira nokuda kweinenge chikamu chimwe chezvitatu zvekutengesa kwose kwokunze. Masangano akadai sezvokudya zveagri, kugadzira, uye mabasa ezvounyanzvi azova akabatanidza zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, varimi vazhinji vemikaka muCounty Monaghan vaigadziridzan mumukaka mumiti iri muCounty Armagh, uye zvokuvaka zvinogara zvichiyambuka muganhu nguva dzakawanda mukati mebasa rimwe. Good Wewendivrentro yokubvisa kwetsika (kusvikira Brettk yadzongokanganisa iyi) uye kurudziro yayo yemibatanidzwa yebhizimisi yakanga ichikosha mukuvakwa kwemari.

Mari yeUU, inoiswa kupfurikidza nepurogiramu dzeRugare neINTERREG, yakagovera kuiswa kwemitemo yemibatanidzwa yemitemo yakatarisana nenzvimbo, kubatanidza migwagwa, kushambadzwa kwapamhene, uye mapaka ebhizimisi. A5 mugwagwa unosimudzirwa (kukwidza kuDerry nekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero) uye projekiti yeNar Water Bridge (kubatanidza County Louth neCounty Down) mienzaniso yokutanga uko, nepo pane dzimwe nguva yakanonotswa, inomirira kuzvipira kwenguva refu kuwirirano yenyama.

Kushanya Nokufamba

Kukura kwemuganhu pashure pa1998 kwakava netapuro yakananga pakushanya. Kukwezva kwevashanyi pamativi ose ari maviri zvino kunotengesa ivo vamene sechimwe chezvinoitika zvomushanyi mumwe, zvakadai seWild Atlantic Way neCalway Coaral Route. Bazi remucheto neramararuvara zvakakura, uye kufamba nyore kunoita kuti vashanyi vaongorore chitsuwa chacho pasina kurwisana kwezvamatongerwe enyika. Ukoshi hwemari hwekushanya kwese kwepasi pano hunofungidzirwa kuva mabhiriyoni 5 mabhiriyoni emabhiriyoni echikamu chenyika gore negore, zvichitsigira basa rezviuru zvemabasa. Chibvumirano cheGotamende cheFiriday yeChishanu chakagadzirwa chakasimba mukuita kuti pave nemhoteredzo yakakotseka nokugamuchira chinhu chinokosha mukubudirira uku.

Kutapura Ukama Hwenzanga Nehwetsika hweMuchinjikwa

Kupfuura mamiriro ezvemari, Chibvumirano chakagonesa chinjo huru mukurukurirano dzezuva riri rose pakati pavanhu muNorthern Ireland neRepublic. Kubviswa kwemibatanidzwa yemiganho kwakareva kuti mhuri dzakaparadzaniswa nokukamuraniswa dzaigona kushanyirana dzakasununguka. Zvikoro, makirabhu, uye masangano etsika akavamba kupinda mumibatanidzwa yemichinjikwa. Kwenguva yokutanga, vanhu vazhinji vanobva muRepublic vainzwa vakasununguka kuenda kuNorthern Ireland nokuda kwokutenga, varaidzo, uye basa.

Dzidzo Neuduku

Kushandira pamwe kwedzidzo kwabudirira. Zvibvumirano zvakadai seUniversity’s University Belfast and Trinity College Dublin zvakabatira pamwe pakunzvera; zvirongwa zvakadai seMubatanidzwa weDzidzo weNorth-South Research Programme yeSoundation. CAO (Central Surreappry Office) muRepublic neUCAS muUK zvakabatanidza kufamba kwavadzidzi kwakananga. Masangano epwere echiRungu, kubatanidza PeacePlayers and Coassavation Ireland, akaunza vanhu vaduku vanobva munzanga dzakasiyana- siyana, achibetsera kubvisa nokuvaka ushamwari hunopfuura muganhu. Iyi mibatanidzwa youswa inowanzodudzwa sechisaririra chikurusarudzo cherugare.

Mitambo Netsika

Mitambo yave iri simba rinobatanidza zvikuru. Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) yave iri nguva dzose muviri wose wepasi, asi mhoteredzo yeChibvumirano chaGood Chishanu chaMavambo yakaibvumira kufutunura makwikwi neboka rakabatana. Rugby’s Ulster Rugby inowana tsigiro kubva kumativi ose ari maviri emuganhu, uye chikwata cheIrland rrugby chinomirira chitsuwa chose. Muna 2023, chikwata chokumutsidzira mutauro weIreland chakaona kubatirana pakati pemapoka omutauro wemuchinjikwa weBelfast neGage. Kuchinjana tsika kwakadaro kunosimbisa pfungwa yakafanana yezivikanwa kuti haisati iri yezvamatongerwe enyika asi yakabva mune zvenyika nenhaka.

Zvinetso Nenhau Dzinopfuurira Muukama Hwechipoto

Pasinei zvapo neizvi zviitwa, Chibvumirano Chakanaka cheChishanu hachina kutanga ukama husina kurwisana, hunotsinhirana zvechigarire.

Brexit neMuitiro Wemitemo woKuchamhembe kweIreland

Brequit yakashandura zvikuru mashoko umo ukama hwemiganhu yemitemo inoshanda. Nemhaka yokuti Republic yeIreland inoramba iri muEU neNorthern Ireland yasiyiwa neUK, muganhu mutsva muIreland Sea wakagadzirwa kudzivisa muganhu wenyika yakaoma pachitsuwa. Hurumende yeNorthern Ireland (uye gare gare nzvimbo yeFrame) yakaisa tsika nechengedzo dzemijenya yezvinhu zvinofamba pakati peGreat Britain neNorthern Ireland, asi nyika itsva iri pakati peNorth neSouth inoramba yakavhurika. Nepo ikoku kuchidzivisa kudzokera kunzvimbo inosiana nokuda kwemabhizimisi ayo kare airwe nokuyambuka muganhu wenyika. Mafekitari maduku akawanda mumigove akafanana nezvokudya zvino zvinotarisana nendyiko, mari, mari dzinodzorwa, uye kunonotswa kwemibatanidzwa. Masangano echiuto anovakwanyasimugo anoramba kuva nesimba rehurumende muruwa rweIreland anodzorwa naMadokero, achidzorwa makore akati kuti adzokororwe seIrse nyika yeUni yeNorthern, kana kuti idzokorore kudzika misangano yeMiteveri yeMiteodo yeMiteodhi

Zvakakonzerwa Nechisimba uye Kusavimbika Munzanga

Kukuvadzwa kweNhamo hakuna kunyangarika nokusainwa kweChibvumirano. Dzimwe nzanga dziri munharaunda dzemuganhu, dzakadai seSouth Armagh neNorth Louth, dzichiri nokusavimba kukuru kwevavakidzani vadzo. Mapoka ehondo, kunyange zvazvo asingaiti basa, haana kubvisa zvizere, uye zvinoitika zvishoma zvechisimba, kutengesa zvinodhaka, uye kutyisidzira kunopfuurira kukanganisa pfungwa yokuchengeteka. Kubatwa kwenhau dzekare, zvakadai sokubviswa kwemhosva dzezvinetso zvezvinetso, kwakadzorerawo kusawirirana kwezvamatongerwe enyika. Kuedza kweChishanu chaMagariro Makuru kunobata nePuturoristure Reformations Unity neIntependent yenzvimbo yeVanyajambwa yeChivigiramisi yePuturo, zvinoshorwa kuverwa kushatswa zvishoma nezvishoma uye kushatswa. Pasina kurangarirwa nokudzorwa kwemhosva dzogaro, mhosva dzakapfuura, kupesana nemhengedzero.

Kusawirirana Kwemari Nedzimba

Misiano yezvemari pakati pemibatanidzwa miviri inogona kuparira pfundepfunde. Republic yeIreland yakawana kukura kwezvemari kukuru, zvikurukuru muruzivo rwemitengo nemishonga, nepo Northern Ireland yakacheuka, murutivi nemhaka yokutsamira kwayo panzvimbo yavose yeUK uye kugadzira. Uku kupesana kwemisiyano pakati pemiganhu yenzvimbo nenzvimbo. Ndyiko yokurarama nenzvimbo dzedzimba inhau dzezvamatongerwe enyika izvo zvinoyambuka vanhu kubva kuNorthern Ireland kunoshanda muDublin uye mamwe maguta okumaodzanyemba kwemisika yedzimba nenzvimbo yezvokufambisa mumataundi emuganhu seDrogheda, Dundalk, uye Newry. Ndyiko yezvipo nedzero zvezvamatongerwo enyika zviri zvino nhau dzezvamatongerwe enyika izvo zvino kuyambuka muganhu, uye kugadzirwa kwezvemari kweChishanu hazvina kugadzirirwa kukurukura uku kudzongonya.

Mugumo: Nhaka Isingaperi Asi Yakaoma Yechibvumirano Chakanaka cheChishanu

Chibvumirano cheGood Weshanu chakashandurwa zvikurukuru ukama hwemiganhu yemiganhu muIreland. Kubva mumashoko akapoteredza erwisano neparadzano, chakaparira gadziriro yebatira pamwe yezvamatongerwe enyika, wirirano yezvemari, uye kuyanana kwenzanga izvo zvakaunza betsero dzinooneka kumamirioni avanhu. Dare roKumusoro-Madokero roUshumiri, mitumbi inoshanda, uye matanho okuvaka chivimbo akawedzera urwa newirirano. Kutengesa, dzidzo, uye tsika zvose zvinoratidzira muganhu uyo, nepo zvichiri kuva nerevo revo mumashoko ezvamatongerwe enyika, hazvisati zvichiri mhingani muupenyu hwezuva riri rose.

Bva Chibvumirano hachisi chiitwa chinoitwa chisingazivikanwi; igadziriro yokurarama inoda kuchengetwa kwenguva dzose. Bret yatanga denho itsva, ichiedza kusimbazve kwebatira pamwe yomuchinjikwa uye kuzivisa miganhu yezvamatongerwe enyika. Kudzoka kweGuvi resimba rinodzoreka muNorthern Ireland muna 2024 (pashure pegore rimwe jinga regore rinotora makore maviri) kwakadzorera simba kuNSMC, asi funganyo huru pamusoro pamaruramiro omutauro, nhau dzenhaka, uye Frameoms anoramba aripo. Rubudiriro rweGoverame Rende raGotal Rende raMakurukota mukutsigira ukama hwakanaka hwezvamatongerwe enyika hunotsamira pachido chinopfuurira chamabato ose uye kutsinhirano inoshingaira yenzanga yevagari vemo.

Kunyanzvi, vaiti vemitemo, uye vagari vemuIreland, chiitiko chacho chinogovera zvidzidzo zvinokosha pamusoro pokuti zvibvumirano zvinogona sei kuchinja miganhu: kwete nokuichinja, asi nokuzviita kuti zvive nyore, zvinobereka zvibereko, uye zvine rugare.

nokuda kwokuravazve: Kubviswa kweMibvunzo yokunze – Chibvumirano Chakanaka cheChishanu [[FT:2], CAIN , [[FLT] Rugwaro Rwose rweChibvumirano[[FLT:], [FLT] [FLT]] Makore 25 eIrland Times-Border Coordation[, [[FT:7]] , Hamuna rugwaro rwamagumo reIreland - NSM – Mushumo weIRC].[FLT]