Chikonzero Nei Uku Kusiyana Kuchikosha Muupenyu Hwako Hwezuva Nezuva

Nguva iri yose yaunotyaira motokari, unobhadhara mitero, unotumira mwana kuchikoro, kana kuti unoshanyira chiremba, unoshanda pamwe chete nehurumende dzose dziri mbiri dzehurumende nedzehurumende. Bva vagari vemo vazhinji vanoparapatika kutsanangura icho mwero mumwe nomumwe unoita chaizvoizvo. Iyi vhiringidziko inonzwisisika. Mitsetse iri pakati pechiremera chehurumende nehurumende yachinja anopfuura mazana maviri amakore enhau yeAmerica, uye inopfuurira kushanduka kupfurikidza nezvisarudzo zvedare, mutemo, uye kurukurirano yezvamatongerwe enyika.

Kunzwisisa kuti ndiani anoita zvinokubetsera kuziva kwokutungamirira mibvunzo, zvichemo, kana kuti zvikumbiro zvebetsero. Kunokubatsirawo kunzwisisa nharo dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzaunonzwa munhau. apo gavhuna anoramba nhungamiro yehurumende kana kuti Congress anopfuudza mutemo unotapura hurumende iri yose, achiziva mavambo ebumbiro remitemo seri kweizvi zviito kukuita kuti uumbe murangariro wako umene wokuziva.

Iyi nhungamiro inoputsa hurumende dzehurumende nehurumende mumutauro wakajeka. Uchadzidza icho mwero mumwe nomumwe unobata, uko unopindirana, uye chikonzero nei kukamukana kwesimba kwakagadzirwa nenzira yakwakanga kwakaita nayo. Pamugumo, uchava nezivo inoshanda yerimwe ramativi anokosha zvikurusa ehurumende yeAmerica.

Hurumende Yenyika: Yakagadzirirwa Zvinetso Zvenyika

Hurumende yehurumende yakasikwa kuti ipedze zvinetso izvo pasina hurumende imwe yaigona kubata nayo yoga. Bhishopiso risati ratenderwa muna 1788, Theas of Confederation yakagadzira chiremera chakaneta zvikuru chaisagona kusimudza hondo, kudzora kutengeserana kwehurumende yehurumende, kana kuti zvibvumirano zvokumanikidzira. Vagadziri veImba yeMitemo yeNyika vakagadzira hurumende yakasimba zvikuru, ine masimba akananga.

Fandesheni yeBumbiro reMitemo

Chikamu I, Chikamu 8 cheBumbiro reMitemo chinoronga masimba anopiwa kuCongress. Iwaya anobatanidza simba rokuita mari, kuzivisa hondo, kusimudza mauto, kudzora kutengeserana kwepasi pevhu, kutanga mahofisi epositi, kupa kodzero, uye mitero yepevy. Chikamu che8 chinopa Dare simba rokuita mitemo inodikanwa kuti ipedze masimba aro akarebwa. Chitsama ichi chave hwaro hwekukura kwehurumende yehurumende.

Iyi gadziridzo ndiyo chitsigiso chebumbiro remitemo chechiremera chehurumende uye chikonzero nei hurumende yehurumende iri masimba akaganhurirwa, kwete ose zvawo.

Mapazi Matatu, Hurumende Imwe

Kuti vadzivise rutivi rupi norupi rwehurumende yehurumende kuva vane simba zvikuru, Bumbiro Remitemo rinokamura chiremera pakati pamapazu matatu akaenzana.

  • Bazu reIndaneti: Congress, inoumbwa neImba yaVamiriri neDare, inonyora ndokupa mitemo. Imba inomirira maruwa akavakirwa pachiverengero chavagari vemo, nepo Dare rinopa hurumende imwe neimwe vatendi vaviri pasinei zvapo noukuru. Ichi chivako chinovimbisa zvose zviri zviviri ruzhinji uye kuenzana kwomutemo.
  • Bazu rePurezidhendi: Mutungamiriri wePrezidhendi, Mutarisiri, uye masangano ehurumende anodzika mitemo inopfuudzwa neCongress. Mutungamiriri anorairawo kuti mitemo yehondo iitwe, iwirirane, uye inogadza vatongi vehurumende. Masangano ane chiremera se Department of Education, Environmental Protection Agency, uye Department of Homelal Security anoita nzvimbo dzakananga dzemiitiro.
  • Bazu reJodicial: matare ehurumende, anotungamirira neDare rapamusoro, anodudzira mitemo ndokuihwirudzura nokuda kwebumbiro remitemo. Ganhuriro dzinogadzwa nokuda kwoupenyu kuvimbisa kuzvimirira padzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika. Simba reDare Gurusa rehwirudzuro, rakagadzwa mumhakaro Marbury v. Madison[, rinoibvumira kuputsa mitemo inoputsa Bumbiro remitemo.

Zvaunoitirwa Nehurumende Yenyika Yacho

Chiremera cheFederal Administration chinotapura upenyu hwako munzira dzaungasafunga pamusoro padzo. Paunotumira tsamba, Postal Service yeU. Paunobhururuka nendege, Federal Aviation Administration inogadza mipimo yekotsekano. Paunotenga zvokudya pachitoro chegirosa, Food ne Drug Administration inovimbisa kuti yakakotsekana. Social Security, Medicare, uye Medicaid ipurogiramu dzehurumende dzinogovera mari nezvoutano nokuda kwavapunziridzi uye vanosvika vaAmerica vakaderera. Varwi, betsero dzenguva refu, kuchengetwa kwezvokudya zvokupinda munyika nokubuda munyika kunze kwenyika ibasa rose rehurumende.

Hurumende yehurumende inogoverawo mari kunyika kupfurikidza nezvipo. Izvi zvipo zvinowanzouya nemigariro iyo pesvedzero yehurumende. Somuenzaniso, mari yomumugwagwa mukuru yakashandiswa kukurudzira nyika kusimudzira zera rokunwa rapamutemo kusvikira ku 21. Iyi nzira yekarot nemuti inopa hurumende simba rehurumende pazvisarudzo zvehurumende munharaunda umo isina chiremera chebumbiro remitemo.

Hurumende: Vashandi Vehurumende Inosarudzwa Noruzhinji

Hurumende dziri pedyo zvikuru navanhu. Dzinobata mabasa ezuva nezuva anoumba nzanga yako nomuitiro wako. Hurumende imwe neimwe ine bumbiro remitemo rayo imene, mugavhuna wayo imene, gavhuna wayo imene, uye gadziriro yayo imene yedare. Nemhaka yokuti nyika dzinochengeta simba rakafara ramapurisa kudzivirira utano, chengeteko, uye garikano yavagari vadzo vane rusununguko rwakafara rwokuedza mitemo yakasiana.

Kurongwa Kunoitwa Hurumende

Nyika dzose kunze kweNebraska dzine chikwata chemabhinakeri, kureva makamuri maviri.Nyika dzakawanda dzine imba neDare, zvakafanana nehurumende. Vaiti vemitemo vehurumende vanowanzova nenguva shoma uye vanotora zvibvumirano zvipfupi pane nhengo dzeDare. Izvi zvinoita kuti dzirambe dzichibatanidzwa zvikuru nezvinhu zvinonetsa munzvimbo iyoyo.

Gavhuna ndiye mukuru mukuru wehurumende, ane mutoro wokusimbisa mitemo yehurumende nokutarisira masangano ehurumende. Gavhuna vane simba rokusaina kana kuti kuisa mutemo, kuraira kwevakuru vakuru, uye kuraira varwi veHurumende. matare ehurumende anotonga mhaka zhinjisa dzemitemo muUnited States, kubatanidza kukwikwidzanisa mhaka kwoutsotsi, utsotsi hwemhuri, kusabvumirana, uye kukuvara kwomunhu oga.

Izvo Hurumende Dzinodzora

Zviremera zvehurumende zvine zvakawanda zvazvinoita muupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva.

  • dzidzo: United States inogadza mipimo yezvidzidzo, vadzidzisi vanotenderwa, uye kugovera mari nokuda kwezvikoro zvavose. Maruwa ezvikoro omunzvimbomo anoshandisa iyi mirau, asi hurumende inosimbisa gadziriro.
  • United States inovaka nokuchengeta migwagwa mikuru, marezenisi okubudisa, uye inogadza mitemo yomumugwagwa. Hurumende yehurumende inogovera mari uye inoisa mipimo yekotsekano yetsika, asi inogadza ganhuriro dzechimbichimbi, DUI, uye zvinodikanwa zvokuisa.
  • Ruramisiro yomutemo: mhosva zhinjisa imhosva dzehurumende. Kuparwa, kudenha, kuponda, uye mhaka dzemirimo zvinotongwa mumatare ehurumende. Mapurisa ehurumende uye vatsigiri vomutemo vomunzvimbomo vanobata kuongorora. Hurumende yehurumende inotonga mhosva bedzi dzinoparwa kana kuti dzinoitika panzvimbo yehurumende.
  • Kushanda kwemari: United States inodzora vanachiremba, zvipatara, uye makambani einishuwarenzi. Anoshandisa mapurogiramu eMedicaid mubatira pamwe nehurumende yehurumende yehurumende ndokugadza mizhinji yemiraza yezvoutano inotengeswa mukati memiganhu yayo.
  • Mutemo wemhuri:[[[FLT: 1] roorano, chatanuro, kuchengetwa kwavana, uye kurerwa navabereki vasiri vavo zvinodzorwa nomutemo wehurumende. Ndicho chikonzero nei zvinodikanwa zveroorano nemiitiro yechatanuro zvichisiana munyika nehurumende.
  • [ purofiti nezvibvumirano: kutengeserana nzvimbo, ukama hwamuridzi wenzvimbo, zvido, uye zvibvumirano zvebhizimisi zvinhu zvose zvemutemo wenyika.

Kushandiswa Kwe Amendeji Yechi10

Hurumende ye10 Amendment haisi chibvumikiso chesimba kuhurumende asi chiyeuchidzo chokuti masimba asina kupiwa kuhurumende yehurumende akachengetwa. Ikoku kwakabvumira nyika kuvandudza munzira idzo dzakapesvedzera muitiro wenyika. Somuenzaniso, hurumende dzinoedza nokubhadhara vashandi, inishuwarenzi yokushaya mabasa, uye mitemo inotambira mishoma hurumende isati yashandisa mitemo yakafanana. Mienzaniso yazvino uno inobatanidza chiito cheteshi yehurumende pakunyoreswa kwapamutemo kwembanje, zororo remhuri rinobhadharwa, uye mashoko echivande. Iyi nzvero yenyika inogovera ufakazi hwenyika hunogona kuzivisa kurukurirano yenyika.

Uko Simba Rehurumende Nehurumende Zvinopfuura

Nharaunda dzakawanda dzoupenyu dzeAmerica dzinobatanidza zvose zviri zviviri kushanda pamwe chete, pane dzimwe nguva murwisano nenzira inotsinhirana uye pane dzimwe nguva.

Simba Riripo

Masimba akabatana ndiwo anoitwa nevose vari vaviri hurumende yehurumende nehurumende. Zvose zviri zviviri zvinogona kukwereta mari, kukwereta mari, kugadza matare, mabhangi echata, uye kuvaka zvinhu zvinokosha. Chinokosha ndechokuti zviito zvehurumende hazvigoni kurwisana nomutemo wenyika apo hurumende yehurumende iri kushanda mukati mechiremera chayo chebumbiro remitemo.

Kushandira Pamwe Kwehurumende

Kuvambira muma 1930, hurumende yehurumende yakavamba kushanda zvikuru nehurumende kupfurikidza nezvipo, mapurogiramu anogoverwa, uye utarisiri hwesangano. Uyu muenzaniso, pane dzimwe nguva unonzi kuva mubatanidzwa wehurumende, unodzora nhasi. Medicaid muenzaniso wakatanhamara. Hurumende inogadza zvinodikanwa zvebaseline ndokugovera mari inowirirana, nepo nyika dzinoronga nokushandisa mapurogiramu adzo dzimene mukati menhungamiro idzodzo. Muuyo igadziriro yenyika ine musiyano mukuru womunzvimbomo.

Kuedzwa Kweboka

Apo mitemo yehurumende nehurumende inorwisana, Supremacy Claus muChikamu VI cheBumbiro reMitemo inoisa mutemo mukurusa wehurumende. Ikoku kunoreva kuti mutemo wehurumende wapamutemo unogona kukurira mutemo wehurumende panhau imwe cheteyo. Somuenzaniso, mutemo wehurumende wokupinda munyika unoputsa nhamburiko zhinjisa dzehurumende dzokugadza mutemo wokupinda munyika. Kuwa kwemari kwehurumende kunodzivisa vakwereti kubvumira kutiza zvikwereti munzira dzinosiana negadziriro yehurumende. Kusunungurwa itsime reripigosa rinopfuurira, zvikurukuru munharaunda dzakafanana nemitemo yemhoteredzo yemhoteredzo, temvoreveration, uye masangano emari.

Mienzaniso Yenyika Chaiyoiyo Inokutapura

Hedzino nzvimbo dzinoverengeka umo kukamukana kwehurumende kwehurumende kunoumba zvakananga ruzivo rwako.

Mitero

Munobhadhara mitero yose iri miviri yemari inotambirwa nehurumende. Hurumende yehurumende inoshandisa gadziriro yemitero inofambira mberi ine mwero yemitero inovambira pa 10 kusvikira ku 37 muzana. Nyika zhinjisa dzinowanawo mutero, asi mwero nebhurakesi zvinosiyana. Dzimwe nyika hadzina mutero wemari inobhadharwa. Mitero inonyanyova yenyika, inova yenyika inotengwa neyavo, inovambira pa 5 muzana kusvikira ku 10 muzana zvichitsamira paunogara. Mitero yenzvimbo ndeyomunzvimbomo, asi inogadza mitemo yokuyera nokuunganidza. Kunzwisisa mweroi wehurumende inokubatsira kuona apo mari yako inoenda uye ndiani angakubvunza mibvunzo.

Kurapwa

Affordble Care Act yakaita gadziriro yehurumende yeinishuwarenzi youtano, asi nyika dzinotarisira misika yadzo dzimene yeinishuwarenzi kana kuti kudzorwa kunzvimbo yehurumende. Medicaid inotsigirwa pamwe chete, nehurumende dzichifukidza inenge 40 muzana yendyiko paavhareji. Masangano ayo akakudza Medicaid pasi peAca inofukidza mari yakaderera zvikuru kupfuura zvinyorwa zvisina. Ikoku kunoparira misiyano chaiyoiyo mukuwana zvoutano zvichitsamira panzvimbo yaunogara.

Dzidzo

Hurumende yehurumende inogovera inenge 8 muzana yemari yechikoro chavose kupfurikidza nepurogiramu dzakadai seTitle I nePearsons With Diculture Education Act. Asi nyika namaruwa omunzvimbomo zvinogovera zvasara ndokuita zvisarudzo zvizhinjisa pamusoro pezvidzidzo, magwaro okupa mudzidzisi, uye zvinodikanwa zvokupedza kufunda.

Gwirira

Rezi romugwagwa wako rinopiwa nehurumende yako. Mitemo yemotokari, ganhuriro dzesipidhi, uye nhambo dzokuvandudza dzinosiyana zvikuru. Hurumende yehurumende inogadza mipimo yekotsekano nokuda kwemotokari uye inogovera mari inouya nemigariro, asi mitemo chaiyoiyo yemugwagwa mutemo wehurumende. Ndicho chikonzero nei rezinesi inobva kune imwe nyika ichishanda mune imwe, asi mitemo yakananga yaunotevera kuchinja apo unodarika mutsetse wehurumende.

Roorano Nemhuri

Chisarudzo cheDare Gurusa re 2015 mu Obergefell v. Hodges yakatanga kodzero yebumbiro remitemo yehurumende kuroorano yakafanana, asi mitemo yezuva nezuva yeroorano inosara pamutemo wehurumende. Hurumende dzakagadza zvinodikanwa zvezera reroorano, nguva dzokumirira, uye miitiro yechatanuro. Kuchengeta mwana, tsigiro yavana, uye kurera mwana kunoitwa mumatare ehurumende.

Mutemo Wematsotsi

Mitemo mizhinjisa youtsotsi mitemo yehurumende. Kana ukakweverwa nokuda kwokumhanya, usingateereri mutemo wehurumende. Kana ukapomerwa kuba kana kuti kudenha, dare rinotonga. mutemo wehurumende woutsotsi unofukidza bedzi nzvimbo chaidzo dzakadai sokutengesa mirimo mumitsetse yehurumende, kubiridzira mirau, uye mhaka panzvimbo dzehurumende. chiito chimwe chetecho chinogona pane dzimwe nguva kuputsa zvose zviri zviviri mutemo womubatanidzwa nehurumende, kuchitungamirira kukurovererwa kwakaparadzana mugadziriro dzedare dzakasiana - siana.

Kusiyana Kunokosha Panyaya Yokutamba

Misiyano iri pakati pehurumende yehurumende nehurumende inogona kupfupikiswa nemashoko anoshanda anotapura kufambidzana kwako kwezuva riri rose nehurumende.

  • Mitemo yeFederal inoshanda zvakafanana mumativi ose enyika makumi mashanu. Mitemo yehurumende inoshanda bedzi mukati memiganhu yehurumende iyoyo. Mutemo wehurumende pamusoro pekotsekano yebasa munyika. Mutemo wehurumende pamusoro pezororo rebasa uri wose.
  • Manyuko esimba: Hurumende yehurumende ine masimba bedzi anopiwa neBumbiro reMitemo. Mitemo ine simba ravose rokuita chiito nokuda kwoutano, chengeteko, uye garikano yavagari vayo, yakaganhurirwa bedzi neBumbiro remitemo nemutemo wehurumende.
  • Muitiro wokuita mirau: mitemo yeFederal inofanira kupfuura makamuri ose ari maviri eDare ndokusainwa naPurezidhendi. Mitemo yeHurumende inofanira kupfuura chibvumirano chemitemo yehurumende ndokusainwa nagavhuna. Muitiro wacho wakafanana mugadziriro asi kazhinji kazhinji nokukurumidza pamwero wenyika.
  • Kubvumira: Hurumende dziri pedyo zvikuru navavhoti uye dzinogona kupindura nokukurumidza zvikuru kuzvinodikanwa zvomunzvimbomo. Kugadzira mitemo kwaMasangano kunononoka uye kunorerutsa zvikuru, kwakagadzirirwa kuvaka bvumirano huru pamberi pokutapura rudzi rwose.
  • Chisarudzo cheConfublict: apo mitemo yehurumende nehurumende inorwisana, mutemo wehurumende unovapo. Dare rapamusoro ndiro rinogumisa kakavadzano idzi.

Chikonzero Nei Iyi Zivo Ichikosha Nokuda Kwougari Hwomunyika

Kunzwisisa kukamukana kwesimba pakati pehurumende yehurumende nehurumende hakusi kungoshandisa kwedzidzo bedzi. Kunokubatsira kuziva kuti ndiani angashanya apo unenge une chinetso. Chivako mumugwagwa womunzvimbomo inhau yetaundi. Chinetso nebetsero dzeSocial Security inhau yehurumende. Chinyunyuto pamusoro pachiremba inhau yehurumende. Kunangidzira itiro hanya dzako kumwero wakarurama wehurumende inochengetedza nguva nekangaidziko.

Zivo iyi ichakubatsirawo kuongorora zvikarakadzo zvematongerwe enyika. Kana mutevedzeri akavimbisa kuchinja muitiro wedzidzo kana kuti tarisiro youtano, achiziva kana kuchinja ikoko kwaizobva kuWashington kana kuti kudzimbahwe renyika kuchakubatsira kuona kana chipikirwa chacho chiri chechokwadi. Hurumende painorayira chimwe chinhu chausingabvumirani nacho, kunzwisisa Dare Renyika Rechi10 rinokupa nzira yokutaura nayo kuti nyaya yacho inofanira kusiyirwa kunyika.

Pakupedzisira, kunzwisisa hurumende kunokubatsira kunzwisisa magadzirirwo egadziriro yeAmerica. Vagadziri vamapurani vakagadzira chirongwa chinodzikamisa chinzwano chorudzi nechisarudzo chomunzvimbomo. Nyika dzinogona kuedza, kuchinja, uye kuratidza mipimo yenharaunda apo hurumende yehurumende inogovera hwaro hwekodzero dzakaenzana nechengeteko yenyika. Dzikamo iyoyo inoedzwa nguva dzose uye inodzokororwa, uko kuri chikonzero nei nhau dzevagari vemo vanoziva zvino kupfuura nakare kose.

Kumwe Kurava

Kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pehurumende dzehurumende dzehurumende nedzehurumende, shanyira USA.gov nokuda kwemashoko ehurumende pamusoro pepurogiramu dzehurumende namabasa. Conret.Gov[ website inogovera kusvika kumitemo yehurumende neCongregation Record. Nokuda kwamashoko ehurumende echibvumirano, Conference of State Legislatures inopa zviwiro pamitemo yehurumende nemitemo nemiitiro inodzo inogura mativi ose makumi mashanu.