Table of Contents
Mapazi Matatu Ehurumende Chii?
Kunzwisisa kuti hurumende inoshanda sei kunokosha kumunhu ari wose, kubatanidza vana. Hurumende yeUnited States yakakamurwa kuva mapazu matatu akaparadzana, rimwe nerimwe rine basa raro chairo nemabasa. Uku kupesana kwesimba kunobetsera kuchengeta hurumende ichiita kuti irambe yakanaka, yakadzikama, uye kunodzivisa munhu upi noupi kana kuti boka kuva noudzori hwakanyanya. Mapazu matatu anoshanda pamwe chete seboka, asi anorindawo rimwe nerimwe kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti hapana bazi rimwe rinova nesimba rakanyanya. Sangano ino inonzi "kudzora uye chiyero," uye ndeimwe yepfungwa inokosha zvikurusa iyo Baba Vanoumba yakavakirwa muBumbiro redu remitemo.
Apo United States yakatanga kusikwa, vanhu vakanyora Bumbiro reMitemo vaida kuva nechokwadi chokuti hurumende itsva yaizova yakasiana nehurumende yavachangobva kurwisana nayo muHondo yemhindumupindu. Vaisada munhu mumwe, kufanana namambo, kuva nesimba rose. Naizvozvo vakauya nechirongwa chakangwara: kukamuranisa simba rehurumende pamapazu matatu akasiana- siyana. Bazu rimwe nerimwe richava nebasa raro rimene rokuita, uye rimwe nerimwe raizokwanisa kuganhurira simba ravamwe. Iyi nzira, hurumende yaigona kuva yakasimba zvakakwana kuti idzore nyika, asi kwete zvakasimba zvokuti raigona kutora rusununguko rwavanhu.
Bazu Romutemo: Vaiti Vemitemo
Bazu Rine Mitemo Rinoitei?
Bazu remitemo rine mutoro wokuita mitemo. Bazu iri rinoumbwa neCongress, iyo iri mutumbi unogadzira mitemo wehurumende yeUnited States. Musangano une mativi maviri: Dare neImba yavamiririri. Pamwe chete, aya mativi maviri anonzi "bhiameral parameral," izvo zvinoreva mubatanidzwa une makamuri maviri. Mitezo yeCongress inoumba, kurukurirano, uye inopa mitemo iyo munhu ari wose muUnited States anofanira kutevera. Iyi mitemo inogona kufukidza chinhu chiri chose kubva kuuwanduru hwevanhu vanobhadhara mutero kusvikira kuidziko iripo nokuda kwemhoteredzo.
Dare: Imba Iri Pamusoro
Dare pane dzimwe nguva rinonzi "imba huru" yeCongress. Ine mitezo 100, inonzi Senators. Nyika imwe neimwe, pasinei zvapo nokuti yakakura sei kana kuti duku sei, inowana vamiririri vaviri chaivoivo. Ikoku kunoreva kuti Alaska, iyo ine vanhu vashoma, ine nhamba imwe cheteyo yavamiririri seCalifornia, inevagari vazhinji. Yakagadzirirwa kuva nechokwadi chokuti nyika duku dzichava nenzwi rakaenzana munenge rutivi rumwe rweDare. Sanator dzinobatira mashoko matanhatu egore, ayo anoreva kuti vanosanangurwa uye ipapo vanobatira makore matanhatu vasati vafanira kuvhotazve. Dare rine masimba chaiwo anoverengeka, kubatanidza kutendera nedzimwe nyika uye kugadza kwaPustries nokuda kwemitezo, mitezo yedare, uye mamwe mabasa anokosha.
Imba Yevamiririri: Imba Yepasi
Imba yaVamiririri pane dzimwe nguva inonzi "imba yepasi" yeCongress. Ine mitezo 435, inonzi vamiriri kana kuti vanhu vanoungana. Chiverengero chavamiriri vehurumende imwe neimwe chinotsamira pachiverengero chavagari vayo. Nyika navanhu vakawanda dzinowana vamiriri vazhinji, nepo nyika dzine vanhu vashomanene dzinowana vamiriri vashoma. Hurumende imwe neimwe inovimbiswa kana kuti mumiriri mumwe, kunyange zvazvo chiverengero chayo chiri chiduku zvikuru. Vamiririri vanobatira mashoko amakore maviri, anoreva kuti vanofanira kushandira sarudzo kazhinji kupfuura vamiriri. Ikoku kwakaitirwa kuchengeta vamiriri vakabatana zvikuru navanhu vanoshumira. Imba yavamiriri vane masimba chaiwo zvikuru, kubatanidza simba rokutanga mitero yose ine chokuita nokushandisa mari.
Bhirifike Papi Pakuva Mutemo?
Muitiro wokuita mutemo wakaoma zvikuru chaizvoizvo, uye unobatanidza nhano dzakawanda. Chokutanga, mumwe munhu anofanira kuvamba nepfungwa yomutemo. Iyi pfungwa yakanyorwa mugwaro repamutemo rinonzi "bill". Chibvumirano chinogona kutanga muImba yeVamiririri kana kuti Dare (kunze kwemabhiri omutero, anofanira kutanga muImba). Kana gwaro rikapikirwa, rinoenda kudare, iro riri boka duku renhengo dzeDare idzo dziri nyanzvi panhau iyoyo. Dare ringadzidza chibvumirano, rinoita kuti vanhu vanzwe apo mirangariro yavo inogona kupa pamusoro paro, uye ringaita chinjo kwariri.
Kana dare rikabvumira mubatanidzwa wedare kuti uite musengwa, unoenda kuImba yakazara kana kuti Dare nokuda kwekurukurirano. Mitezo inokurukura pamutemo, inokarakadza chinjo, uye pakupedzisira vhoti pauri. Kana mutengo wacho ukapfuura muimba imwe yeCongress, ipapo unoenda kune imwe imba, uko muitiro wose unovambazve. Kana zvose zviri zviviri Imba neDare zvichipfuudza bhiri racho, asi shanduro dzazvo dzakasiana, dare chairo rinoumbwa nemitezo yedzimba dzose dziri mbiri rinoshanda kugadzira shanduro inobvumirana nepo. Kana dzimba dzose dziri mbiri dzikapfuura shanduro imwe cheteyo yebhiriti yacho, rinoenda kuna Purezidhendi.
Mamwe Masimba Anokosha Edare
Kunze kwokuita mitemo, Congress ine mamwe masimba anokosha akawanda. Congress inodzora bhajeti yehurumende yehurumende, zvinoreva kuti inosarudza kuti hurumende inoshandisa sei mari. Congress inogona kuzivisa hondo, kunyange zvazvo Purezidhendi ari Mutungamiriri mukuru muChivimbo chehondo. Congress anogonawo kunzvera zvinetso muhurumende ndokuita kuti anzwe kuti chii chiri kuitika. House of Declaimers ine simba rokurambidza vakuru vakuru vakuru vehurumende, kubatanidza Purezidhendi, uko kunoreva kuvapomera mhaka yapamutemo yechakaipa. Kana House ichinaidzosa mumwe munhu, Dare rinoita muedzo kuti risarudze kana munhu wacho achifanira kubviswa pahofisi.
Bazu Raitungamirira: Vamanikidzi Vomutemo
Bazu Rine Chinzvimbo Chikuru Rinoitei?
Bazu guru rine mutoro wokusimbisa mitemo inoitwa neCongress. Bazu iri rinotungamirirwa naPurezidhendi weUnited States, uyo ari zvose zviri zviviri musoro wehurumende uye mukuru wehurumende. Basa raPurezidhendi nderokuva nechokwadi chokuti mitemo inopedzerwa uye kuti hurumende inofamba zvakanaka. Bazu revakuru vakuru iguru, namamirioni avashandi vanoshanda mumadhipatimendi akasiana - siana, masangano, uye mahofisi. Vanhu ava vose vanoshanda pamwe chete kuisa mitemo muchiito uye kugovera mabasa kuvanhu veAmerica.
Purezidhendi: Mukuru Mukuru
Purezidhendi ndiye munhu anooneka zvikurusa uye ane simba mubazu guru. Purezidhendi anosarudzwa makore mana ari ose uye anogona kubatira upamhi hwemashoko maviri, kana kuti makore masere ehwerengedzo. Iyi muganhu wakawedzerwa kuBumbiro remitemo pashure paFranklin D. Roosevelt yakasarudzwa kana. Purezidhendi ane mitoro mizhinji inokosha. Somukuru mukuru mukuru, Purezidhendi anotarisira bazu rose revakuru vakuru vehurumende uye anova nechokwadi chokuti mitemo yehurumende inoshandiswa. Somukuru mukuru mukuru wehurumende muChivi, Purezidhendi ari kudzo yehondo. Purezidenti anomirirawo United States mukubata nedzimwe nyika, kutsinhirana, uye kugadza vamiriri.
Purezidhendi ane simba rokusaina zvikwereti mumutemo kana kuti mukuvaramba, izvo zvinoreva kuzviramba. Kana Purezidhendi akadzosa mutongo, unodzokera kuCongress. Congress anogona kudzora kana zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvezvose zviri zviviri zveImba neDare zvikavhota kuita kudaro, asi ikoku kwakaoma kuzviita. Purezidhendi anewo simba rokukanganwira, izvo zvinoreva kukanganwira vanhu nokuda kwemhosva dzomubatanidzwa. Mukuwedzera, Purezidhendi anopa Nyika yegore negore yeUni kuChibvumirano, kuisa nharidzano nenharidzano zvenyika.
Mutungamiriri weHurumende Aiva Mutongi
Muvi weSanihe Purezidhendi mukuru mukuru wechipiri mubazu guru. Basa guru raPurezidhendi weSanihesi rinobatira saPurezidhendi weDare, kunyange zvazvo Mutungamiriri weSanihe bedzi achivhota muDare apo jokisi riripo. Mutungamiriri weSaka gurusa wePrezidhendi anokosha zvikurusa kuva akagadzirira kuva Mutungamiriri kana chimwe chinhu chikaitika kuna Purezidhendi. Munhau yose, Mapidhente mapfumbamwe ava Purezidhendi nemhaka yokuti Purezidhendi akagara akafa kana kuti abviswa. Mutungamiriri weSangano anotorawo mabasa akasiyana- siyana kubva kuna Purezidhendi uye kazhinji kazhinji anomirira United States pazvinoitika zvapamutemo.
Kabhini: Vamiriri Vapurezidhendi
Dare rinobatanidza Purezidhendi Mutungamiriri weProfesi weProfesi wePrezidhendi weProfesi navakuru vemadhipatimendi 15 makuru. Madhipatimendi aya anobatanidza Dhipatimendi reHurumende, rinobata nhau dzokunze; Dhipatimendi reMagariro, iro rinotarisira mauto; Dhipatimendi reDzidzidzo, rinobata nezvikoro nedzidzo; uye Dhipatimendi reUtano neMabasa avanhu, rinobata purogiramu dzoutano dzakafanana naMedicarea neMedicaid. Mamwe madhipatimendi anobatanidza mari, Ruracy, Rimariro, Zvokutengesa, Zvemari, Zvezvokutengeserana, Zvezvokufambisa, Zverwendo, dzidzo, uye Homeland As Succeal.
Purezidhendi anosarudza vanhu vanotungamirira aya madhipatimendi, asi Dare rinofanira kutendera izvi zvisarudzo. Vakuru vemadhipatimendi aya vanonzi "vacheri," kunze kwomutungamiriri weBato reRuramisiro, uyo anonzi Athorney General. Mitezo yeCabitten inopa zano Purezidhendi pamusoro penhau dzine chokuita namadhipatimendi avo uye inobetsera kuita mitemo yaPurezidhendi. Kabhinete inosangana nguva dzose naPurezidhendi kuti ikurukure nhau dzinokosha dzakatarisana nenyika.
Gadziriro Dzavane Simba Negadziriro Dzinozvimirira
Kunze kwemadhipatimendi eCabinet, bazi guru rinobatanidza mamwe masangano akawanda nemasangano makuru anoshandira madhipatimendi eCabittene, nepo mamwe ari masangano anozvimirira anoshanda akasiyana. Masangano eekushandira anobatanidza masangano akadai seNdengedzo yeNdengedzo yemhoteredzo, ayo anodzivirira mhoteredzo; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), ayo anonzvera nzvimbo; uye Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), iyo inounganidza uchenjeri pamusoro pedzimwe nyika. Masangano aya ane mabasa chaiwo uye anobatsira bazi repamusoro renyika kuita mabasa aro akawanda.
Bazu Rokutonga: Vatsigiri Vomutemo
Bazu Rokutonga Rinoitei?
Bazu redare rine mutoro wokududzira mitemo nokusarudza kana mitemo ichitevera Bumbiro reMitemo. Bazu iri rinoumbwa nedare rehurumende, iro rinobatanidza Dare Rapamusorosoro nematare mazhinji akaderera. Apo vanhu vanenge vachipesana pamusoro pezvinoreva mutemo, kana kuti apo mumwe munhu anopomerwa mhaka yokuputsa mutemo, matare anopindira kuti apedze nharo. Bazu redare rinewo simba rokuongorora dare," iro rinoreva kuti matare anogona kusarudza kana mitemo inopiwa naPuntramende kana kuti zviito zvinotorwa naProfesiti. Kana dare rikasarudza kuti mutemo unoputsa Bumbiro remitemo, mutemo iwoyo unogona kurohwa.
Dare Rapamusoro Zvikurusa: Dare Rapamusoro Zvikurusa
Dare rapamusorosoro idare rapamusorosoro muUnited States. Rine vatongi vapfumbamwe, kubatanidza mutongi mumwe Mukuru neSangano Shona. Vatongi veDare Gurusa vanogadzwa naPurezidhendi uye vanofanira kusimbiswa neDare. Vangogadzwa, vatongi vanoshanda nokuda kwoupenyu, izvo zvinoreva kuti vanogona kugara paDare kusvikira vafa, vanorega basa, kana kuti vanobviswa nokusatevedzerwa. Chisarudzo ichi choupenyu chinoitirwa kuchengeta ruramisiro yakasununguka padzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika, naizvozvo vanogona kuita zvisarudzo zvakavakirwa pamutemo panzvimbo pezvingakurumbira panguva ino.
Dare Rapamusorosoro rinotonga nhau dzinobatanidza mibvunzo inokosha pamusoro peBumbiro reMitemo kana kuti mutemo wehurumende. Dare rinogamuchira zviuru zvezvikumbiro gore rimwe nerimwe kuti zvinzwe nhau, asi rinongogamuchira bedzi 100 kusvikira ku 150 adzo. Mitongo yakasarudzwa kunzwa kazhinji kazhinji inobatanidza mibvunzo yapamutemo mikuru inotapura vanhu vazhinji kana kuti apo matare akaderera zvikuru akapesana pamusoro penzira yokududzira nayo mutemo. Apo Dare Rapamusoro rinoita chisarudzo, ichocho chinova mutemo wenyika, uye mamwe matare ose anofanira kuchitevera. Mitengo mizhinjisarudzo yakakurumbira zvikurusa yakaumba nhau yeAmerica, kubatanidza zvisarudzo pamusoro pekodzero dzavagari vemo, kutaura kwapachena, uye masimba ehurumende.
Matare Echibharo
Pasi peDare guru, pane mwero mikuru miviri yematare ehurumende. Mwero wokutanga unobatanidza matare 94 eruwa, ayo ari matare okutonga egadziriro yehurumende. Apa ndipo apo mhaka dzomubatanidzwa dzinotanga. matare amaruwa anonzwa zvose zviri zviviri mhaka dzoutsotsi, umo mumwe munhu anopomerwa mhaka dzokuputsa mutemo wehurumende, uye mhaka dzehurumende, umo vanhu kana kuti masangano. Hurumende imwe neimwe ine inenge dare rimwe reruwa, uye nyika huru ine zvinoverengeka.
Mwero wechipiri une matare 13 ezvikumbiro, anonziwo matare amatunhu. Aya matare anonzwa zvikumbiro kubva kumatare oruwa. Chikumbiro ndechipo apo mumwe munhu akarasikirwa nenhau mudare roruwa anokumbira dare rapamusoro kuti aongorore chisarudzo chacho nemhaka yokuti vanodavira kuti zvikanganiso zvakaitwa. Dare rokukwirira harina kutora mhosva itsva; panzvimbo pezvo, rinoongorora chinyorwa chakabva kudare repamusoro kuti rione kana mutemo wakashandiswa zvakarurama. Kana mumwe munhu akarasikirwa nedare rokukwirira, vanogona kukumbira Dare Rapamusorosoro kuti rinzwe nyaya yavo, asi Dare Rapamusorosoro harifaniri kubvumirana kuti riinzwe.
Matare Chaiwo Ehurumende
Kunewo matare ehurumende anoverengeka anobata marudzi chaiwo enhau. Dare reInternational Trade rinobata nenhau dzinobatanidza kushambadza kwemarudzi ose netsika. Dare reFederal rinotonga nyaya apo vanhu vari kukwidza hurumende nokuda kwemari. Dare reZvikumbiro zveFederal Funity rinonzwa zvikumbiro munzvimbo chaidzo dzakadai somutemo wepamutemo. Kunewo matare anobhadharisa mari, ayo anobata nyaya apo vanhu kana kuti mabhizimisi asingagoni kubhadhara zvikwereti zvavo, uye United States Tarty Court, inotonga nharo pamusoro pemitero yomubatanidzwa.
Kusarudzwa Kunoitwa Vatongi Vehurumende
Vatongi vose vehurumende, kwete bedzi vaDare guru redare, vanogadzwa naPurezidhendi ndokusimbiswa neDare. Sangano reDare rapamusoro, vatongi vehurumende vanobatira nokuda kwoupenyu. Iyi tsika inorongedzerwa kuchengeta vatongi vakasununguka uye vakasununguka mudzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika. Kana paine nzvimbo padare rehurumende, Purezidhendi anotonga mumwe munhu kuti aizadze. Dare reDare reDare redare redare reSamende rinotonga rinoita kuti ripindure kuti ripikire ndokuongorora mamiriro avo ezvinhu. Ipapo Dare rakazara rinovhotera kuti risimbise kana rinotsigira kutsigira dzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika. Kana munhu wacho akava mutongi wehurumende uye anogona kubatira kwenguva refu sezvaanoda, chero bedzi ivo vanoramba "mufambiro wakanaka."
Macheki Nedzikamo: Nzira Iyo Bazu Rinoshanda Nayo Pamwe Chete
Chii Chiri Chepfu uye Dzikamo?
Macheki nedzikamo igadziriro inobvumira bazu rimwe nerimwe rehurumende kuganhurira simba remamwe mapazu. Iyi tsika inodzivisa bazu ripi neripi kuva rine simba zvikuru uye inobetsera kudzivirira maruramiro nerusununguko zvavagari veAmerica. VanaBaba veChinyorwa vaidavira kuti simba rinoshatisa, uye kuti nzira yakanakisisa yokudzivisa uori noudzvinyiriri yakanga iri yokukamuranisa simba uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti bazi rimwe nerimwe ringagona kunzvera, kana kuti kuganhurira, mamwe. Iyi gadziriro yakashanda kwamakore anopfuura 200 kuchengeta hurumende yeAmerica yakadzikama uye yakanaka.
Kunzvera Kunoita Bazu Rine Mitemo Mamwe Mapazi
Paramende ine nzira dzinoverengeka dzokunzvera nadzo simba ramapazu avakuru vakuru navanotonga. Congress inogona kukurira mutungamiriri wehurumende nevhoti yezvikamu zviviri muzvitatu mudzimba dzose dziri mbiri. Dare rinofanira kutendera kugadzwa kwaPurezidhendi nokuda kwavatongi, nhengo dzeCabinet, uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzinokosha, izvo zvinopa Congress chirevo muinoshanda mumapazu edare rinotonga nerokutonga. Dare rinodzora bhajeti rehurumende, uko kunoreva kuti rutivi rumwe norumwe rwehurumende runowana mari. Izvo zvinopa Dare simba rinokosha pamusoro pezvinogona kuita bazi guru.
Congress inogonawo kubvisa Purezidhendi, Mutongi weSanihesi, vatongi vehurumende, uye vamwe vakuru vakuru kana vakaita mhaka dzakakomba kana kuti kushandisa simba ravo zvisina kufanira. Imba yavamiriri inovhota kana vachinyima, uye Dare rinotonga. Kana matatu maviri eDare akavhota kuti asungwe, mukuru mukuru mukuru wacho anobviswa pahofisi. Uyezve, Chibvumirano chinogona kukarakadza kugadziriswa kuBumbiro remitemo, iro rinogona kushandura zvisarudzo zveDare Gurusa kana kuti kuchinja chivako chehurumende. Pakupedzisira, Dare rine simba rokuita kana kubvisa matare ehurumende pasi petemusoro pedare, richipa udzori pabazu redare rinotonga.
Kunzvera Kunoita Bazu Rine Guru Namabasa Mamwe Mapazi
Purezidhendi ane nzira dzinoverengeka dzokunzvera nadzo simba ramapazu emitemo neokutonga. Purezidhendi anogona kubvisa zvikwereti zvinopfuudzwa neCongress, achivadzivisa kuva mutemo kutoti Congress isati yakunda dare. Purezidhendi anogadza vatongi vehurumende, kubatanidza vatongi veDare Gurusa, avo vanopa Purezidhendi pesvedzero pabazu redare kwamakore anouya. Purezidhendi anogonawo kupa kanganwiro nokuda kwemhosva dzehurumende, idzo dzinogona kuputsa zvitendero zvakaitwa nebazu redare.
Purezidhendi ane kuchinjika kwakati mumashandisirwe emitemo, uko kunogona kutapura mashandisirwe emitemo yeCongress. Purezidhendi anogonawo kudana marusando chaiwo eCongress apo nhau dzekurumidziro dzinoda kukurukurwa. kupfurikidza nemiraidzo yavakuru vakuru, Purezidhendi anogona kutungamirira kuti bazu guru rinoshanda sei, kunyange zvazvo iyi mirairo ichifanira kuva inowirirana nemitemo iripo neBumbiro remitemo.
Kunzvera Kunoita Bazu Rokutonga Mamwe Mapazi
Bazu rinotonga rinonzvera mamwe mapazu zvikurukuru kupfurikidza nesimba rehwirudzuro. Matare eFederal anogona kuzivisa mitemo inopfuudzwa neCongress kuva isingawirirani nemitemo, uko kunoreva kuti mitemo iyoyo haisati ichashandi. Matare anogonawo kutonga kuti zviito zvakaitwa naPresidente kana kuti masangano ebazu makurusa haawiriraniswi kana kuti haasati ari apamutemo. Iri simba rakatangwa mumhaka yeMarbury yakakurumbira 1803 v.Madison, kunyange zvazvo zvisina kududzwa zvakajeka muBumbiro remitemo.
Vatongi vehurumende vanobatira nokuda kwoupenyu, izvo zvinovaita kuti vazvimirire padzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika kubva kuna Purezidhendi kana kuti Congress. Uku kuzvimirira kunobvumira vatongi kuita zvisarudzo zvakavakirwa pamutemo neBumbiro remitemo, panzvimbo pezviya zvakakurumbira mune zvamatongerwe enyika. Bazu redare rinodudzirawo mitemo, uko kunoreva kuti matare anogona kutapura kuti mitemo inoshandiswa sei kunyange kana vasingavarovedzi. Kupfurikidza nerondedzero dzavo, matare anogona kupesvedzera zvikuru murairo wavose nezviito zvamamwe mapazu.
Chikonzero Nei Mapazu Matatu Achikosha
Kudzivirira Rusununguko Noutongi Hupi Nohupi
Mapazu matatu ehurumende anoshanda pamwe chete kudzivirira rusununguko nehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu izvo vaAmerica vanokoshesa. Kupfurikidza nokukamuranisa simba pakati pamapazu matatu, Bumbiro reMitemo rinokuita kuti kuve kwakaoma kuti munhu upi noupi kana kuti boka ridzore hurumende ndokushandisa zvisina kufanira simba raro. Iyi gadziriro yakabetsera United States kuramba iri hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu kwamazana amakore anopfuura maviri, kunyange mukati menguva dzakaoma sehondo, njodzi dzemari, uye vhiringidziko yenzanga.
Bazu rimwe nerimwe rine nzvimbo yaro rimene younyanzvi nomutoro. Congress, nemitezo yaro mizhinji inomirira mativi akasiyana enyika, inokwanisa kukurukura nhau uye kumirira mirangariro yakasiana - siana. Purezidhendi, somutungamiriri mumwe, anogona kuita chiito nokukurumidza uye nenzira yakasimba apo kunodikanwa. matare, nokuzvimirira kwawo nounyanzvi mumutemo, anogona kusanorangarira kana zviito zvehurumende zvichitevera Bumbiro remitemo. Pamwe chete, aya mapazi matatu anoumba hurumende iyo iri yose iri inobudirira neinoganhurirwa musimba rayo.
Kukurudzira Kubvumirana Pane Zvisina Kufanira uye Kushandira Pamwe
Gadziriro yamapazu matatu inokurudzira kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira nebatira pamwe. Nemhaka yokuti hakuna bazu rimwe rinogona kushanda roga panhau dzinokosha zvikurusa, mapazi anofanira kushanda pamwe chete.Congress naPurezidhendi vanofanira kubatira pamwe kuti vaise mitemo. Purezidhendi neDare vanofanira kubvumirana pakugadzwa kwedare. Uku kudikanwa kwebatira pamwe dzimwe nguva kunogona kuderedza zvinhu, asi kunobetserawo kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvisarudzo zvikuru zvine tsigiro yakafara uye zvakarangarirwa nokungwarira kubva mumifungo mizhinji.
Apo mapazi anoramba, kunogona kutungamirira kunharo dzinokosha pamusoro pomurayiro wenyika. Idzi kurukurirano rutivi rwakanaka rwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Dzinobvumira pfungwa dzakasiana-- siyana kunzwiwa nokurangarirwa. Nepo kusabvumirana kunogona kuva kunokangaidza, kuri nani kupfuura kuva nebazu rimwe rinoita zvisarudzo zvose pasina mubatanidzwa. Vatungamiriri vegadziriro yokutsanangura nzvimbo dzavo, kuteerera mirangariro inopesana, uye kuwana nzvimbo inowirirana.
Kuchinja Mararamiro Atiri Kuita
Mapazu matatu ehurumende akabvumikisa kuva akapfava zvakakwana kuchinjira kunguva dzinochinja achichengeta gadziriro yawo huru. Mumakore apfuura, dzikamo yesimba pakati pamapazu yakachinja. Bazu ravakuru vakuru rakura zvikuru uye rine simba zvikuru sezvo hurumende yehurumende yakatora mitoro yakawanda. Dare Gurusa rakaita rutivi rukuru mukuumba muitiro wenzanga kupfurikidza nezvisarudzo zvaro panhau dzakadai sekodzero dzavagari vemo nerusununguko rwomunhu.
Pasinei zvapo neiyi chinjo, gadziriro huru yechekedzo nedzikamo inoramba isina kukuvara. Bazu rimwe nerimwe richiri namabasa aro makuru, uye rimwe nerimwe richiri rinogona kunzvera mamwe. Iyi dzikamo yakabetsera hurumende yeUnited States kushanda nenzira inobudirira kunyange sezvo nyika yakura kubva kunyika 13 kusvikira ku 50, uye kubva kuvanhu vane mamirioni mashomanene kusvikira kumamirioni anopfuura 330. Gadziriro yacho yakapukunyuka hondo, kuderera kwemari, masangano enzanga, uye rwisano dzezvamatongerwe enyika.
Kudzidza Kungaita Vana Nezvehurumende
Shanyira Zvivako zveHurumende uye Miyuziyamu
Imwe yenzira dzakanakisisa dzokuziva nadzo nezvehurumende ndeyokuiona ichishanda. Zvivako zvakawanda zvehurumende zvinopa vashanyi shanyo apo vanodzidza pamusoro penzira iyo hurumende inoshanda nayo. MuWashington, D.C., unogona kushanyira chivako cheCapitol, apo Congress inosangana, uye kutarira Congress murusando rwenzvimbo dzinoshanyira vashanyi. Unogona kushanyira White House, kunyange zvazvo shanyo dzichifanira kurongwa pachine nguva mberi kupfurikidza nomutezo wako weCongress. Dare Rapamusoro rinopawo shanyo uye rinobvumira vashanyi kutarira zvigaro apo Dare rinenge riri murusando.
Miyuziyamu yakawanda muWashington, D.C., inonangidzira ngwariro panhau yeAmerica nehurumende. National Archives inoratidzira Bumbiro reMitemo rapakuvamba, Declaration of Independence, uye Bill of Rights. Miziyemu yeSmithsonian inopa zviratidziro pamusoro penhau yeAmerica, kubatanidza National Museum of American History. Kunyange kana usingagoni kushanyira Washington, D.C., mitaro mikuru mizhinji yenyika inopa shanyo dzezvivako zvavo zvechiputuro uye ine mamiziyamu pamusoro penhau yehurumende. Dzimwe nguva dzimba dzedare dzinobvumira vashanyi kutarira matare, izvo zvinogona kuva chinoitika chedzidzo.
Rava Mabhuku uye Mavhidhiyo Edzidzo
Kune mabhuku akawanda akaisvonaka anonyorerwa vana pamusoro pehurumende yeAmerica. Mabhuku aya anotsanangura kuti hurumende inoshanda sei mumutauro uri nyore kunzwisisa, kazhinji kazhinji nemifananidzo yakaisvonaka uye maidi anofadza. Maraibhurari nezvitoro zvine zvikamu zvakatsaurirwa kumabhuku pamusoro pehurumende nehurumende. Mavhidhiyo edzidzo nezvinyorwa zvinogonawo kubatsira vana kunzwisisa hurumende. Zvakawanda zvacho zvinowanika paIndaneti kana kuti kupfurikidza namasangano anotepfekerwa.
Mawebsite akafanana neUSA.gov[FLT]] anogovera mashoko pamusoro pamapazu ose matatu ehurumende mugadziriro inowanika kuvadzidzi vemazera ose. [FLT]] .Gov [[FLT]]
Kubatanidzwa muHurumende yeChikoro
Zvikoro zvakawanda zvine masangano ehurumende anonyatsoratidza kuti ihurumende chaiyo. Kubatanidzwa muhurumende yevadzidzi inzira huru yokuti vana vadzidze nezvehurumende inosarudzwa nevanhu, utungamiriri, uye kuti inoshanda sei. Vadzidzi vanogona kushandira basa, voti, nhau dzenharo, uye kushanda pamabasa anobatsira chikoro.
Zvimwe zvikoro zvinopawo gadziriro dzokutonga kwokunyepedzera, uko vadzidzi vanoita nhau dzedare ndokudzidza pamusoro pegadziriro yokutonga. Gadziriro dzeSangano Romubatanidzwa Wenyika Dzapasi Pose dzinodzidzisa vadzidzi pamusoro poukama hwamarudzi ose noruzivo rwokutaurirana. Izvi zvinoitika zvemaoko zvinoita kudzidza pamusoro pomufaro wehurumende neyeyekuyeuka.
Taura Nenhengo Dzemhuri Nezvezviri Kuitika
Kukurukura zvinoitika zvazvino nemitezo yemhuri ndiimwe nzira huru yokuti vana vadzidze nayo pamusoro pehurumende. Apo chimwe chinhu chinokosha chinoitika muhurumende, vabereki vanogona kukutsanangura kuvana vavo munzira dzakakodzera dzezera. Idzi kurukurirano dzinobetsera vana kunzwisisa kuti hurumende inotapura sei upenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva uye nei kuchikosha kupa ngwariro kuicho hurumende inoita. Mhuri dzinogona kutarira nhau pamwe chete ndokukurukura zvavanoona, kana kuti kurava nyaya dzenhau uye kutaura pamusoro pavo.
Kunokosha kuti idzi kurukurirano dzive dzakadzikama nedzinoremekedza. Vabereki vanofanira kukurudzira vana kufunga nokungwarira pamusoro peizvo vanonzwa uye kurangarira mifungo yakasiana. Kudzidzisa vana kuti vanhu vanogona kusabvumirana pamusoro pezvamatongerwe enyika nepo vachiremekedzana chidzidzo chinokosha muhurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Idzi kurukurirano dzemhuri dzinobetsera vana kutanga mirangariro yavo vamene ndokudzidza nzira yokuvataura nayo nenzira yokuremekedza.
Pinda Misangano yeHurumende Yomunzvimbomo
Misangano yehurumende yomunharaunda, semisangano yedare yeguta kana kuti yechikoro, kazhinji kazhinji inowanika kuvanhu vose.Kupinda misangano iyi kunogona kubetsera vana kuona hurumende inosarudzwa mukusatanhamara kwenhau dzehurumende pamwero womunzvimbomo.Inogona kutarira kurukurirano dzakasarudzwa dzavakuru vakuru, kuteerera vagari vemo vanotaura mirangariro yavo, uye kuona kuti zvisarudzo zvinoitwa sei. Hurumende yomunzvimbomo inowanzobata nenhau dzinotapura zvakananga vana nemhuri dzavo, kufanana nezvikoro, mapaki, uye chengeteko yomunharaunda.
Dzimwe hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzine zvirongwa chaizvo zvokukurudzira kutora rutivi kwepwere. Dzingava nedare repwere kana kuti dzinokumbira vadzidzi kuti vashore vakuru vehurumende kwezuva rimwe. Zvirongwa izvi zvinopa vana kutarira shure kwehurumende kuti inoshanda sei ndokuvabvumira kupa pfungwa dzavo. Kubatanidzwa muhurumende yomunzvimbomo kunobetsera vana kunzwisisa kuti vanogona kuita musiano munzanga dzavo, kunyange vasati vakura zvakakwana kuti vavhote.
Kukosha Kwedzidzo Yemibatanidzwa
Chikonzero Nei Vana Vachifanira Kudzidza Nezvehurumende
Kunzwisisa kuti hurumende inoshanda sei kunobatsira vana kuti vazive uye vakwanise kuita basa rehurumende, vana pavanodzidza nezvemapazu matatu ehurumende, kuongorora uye kuenzana, uye kodzero uye mitoro yevagari vemo, kunowedzera ruzivo uye unyanzvi hwavanoda kuita zvisarudzo zvakanaka pamusoro penzanga dzavo nenyika yavo.
Dzidzo yebic inobatsirawo vana kunzwisisa kodzero dzavo uye nzira yokuvadzivirira nayo. Kuziva pamusoro peBumbiro reMitemo neBill of Rights kunopa vana simba rokuzvitsigira vamene uye vamwe apo kodzero dzinotyisidzirwa. Inovadzidzisa kuti vane inzwi uye kuti mirangariro yavo ine basa. Iyi zivo inovaka chivimbo uye inokurudzira vana kuti vabatanidzwe munzanga dzavo uye kuti vashande nokuda kwechinjo yakanaka.
Kuvaka Unyanzvi Hwokufunga Hunonetsa
Kudzidza nezvehurumende kunobatsira vana kuti vave nounyanzvi hwokufunga zvakanaka. Pavanodzidza nezvemaitirwo emitemo, matsanangurirwo anoitwa mitemo, uye mashandisirwo anoita Purezidhendi mitemo, vanodzidza kufunga nezvenyaya dzakaoma nemaonero akasiyana - siyana. Vanodzidza kuongorora nharo, kuongorora uchapupu, uye kuumba pfungwa dzavo pachavo pachishandiswa chokwadi uye kufunga. Unyanzvi uhwu hunokosha kwete chete kuti vanzwisise hurumende, asi kuti vabudirire kuchikoro, uye kuti vabudirire muupenyu hwose.
Kudzidza nezvenyaya idzi dzehurumende uye dzezvamatongerwe enyika kunodzidzisa vana kuti nyika yakaoma kunzwisisa uye kuti kazhinji kazhinji kune mirangariro yakawanda yakarurama pamibvunzo inokosha.iyi nzwisiso inosimudzira kushivirira, kunzwira urombo, uye mano okuva nokusabvumirana kunoremekedza.
Kugadzirira Vatungamiriri Venguva Yemberi
Vana vanhasi ndivo vatungamiriri vamangwana. Vamwe vavo vachakura vachibatira muhurumende savakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa, vatongi, kana kuti vashandi vehurumende. Vamwe vachava vatungamiriri munharaunda dzavo, mabhizimisi, kana kuti masangano. Vose vachavhota avo vachabetsera kutsaura vanhu vanobata hurumende yedu. Nokudzidza pamusoro pehurumende zvino, vana vari kuzvigadzirira vamene nokuda kweiyi migove yomunguva yemberi.
Kunyange vana vasingarongi kushanda muhurumende vachabetserwa nokunzwisisa kuti inoshanda sei. Sevakuru, vachafanira kuwirirana nehurumende munzira dzakawanda: kubhadhara mitero, kutevera mitemo, kushanda mumatare edare, uye kutsigira nhau dzavanoitira hanya. Kana vachinzwisisa zvikuru pamusoro pehurumende, vachashongedzerwa zviri nani kuzova vadzoreri vadzore kufambidzano idzi uye kuva vagari vemo vanobudirira. Nheyo yakasimba mudzidzo yevagari vemo inobetsera kuti zvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi zvirambe zvichikoshesa nokudzivirira utongi hweAmerica.
Kubva Pabasa Rebazi Guru
Mapazu matatu ehurumende .(legislative, mutariri, uye dare) anoshanda pamwe chete kutungamirira hurumende yeUnited States. Bazu rimwe nerimwe rine basa raro rimene rinokosha: Musangano unoita mitemo, Purezidhendi anoisa mitemo, uye matare anodudzira mitemo. Uku kukamukana kwesimba kunodzivisa bazu ripi neripi kuva rine simba zvikuru uye kunobetsera kudzivirira maruramiro norusununguko zveAmerica yose.
Gadziriro yecheki nedzikamo inobvumira bazu rimwe nerimwe kuganhurira simba ramamwe mapazu. Congress inogona kukurira zvigaro zvapurezidhendi uye inofanira kubvumira kugadzwa kwokutonga. Purezidhendi anogona kuisa mitemo ndokugadza vatongi. matare anogona kuzivisa mitemo nezviito zvavakuru vakuru zvisina wirirano. Iyi gadziriro inokurudzira batira pamwe nokubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira apo inodzivisa kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwesimba.
Kunzwisisa kuti hurumende inoshanda sei kunokosha kumunhu ari wose, zvikurukuru vana vachava vavhoti navatungamiriri vemangwana. Kupfurikidza nokudzidza pamusoro pamapazu matatu ehurumende, vana vanokudziridza zivo nounyanzvi zvavanoda kuziviswa, kuvimbisa vagari vemo. Vanodzidza kufunga nokungwarira pamusoro penhau dzakaoma, kuremekedza mirangariro yakasiana, uye kutora rutivi muhurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Iyi zivo inovapa simba rokuita musiano munzanga dzavo nenyika yavo.
Hupfupiso Yebasa Rebazu Rimwe Nerimwe
- Bazu reRegistrative: Rinoita mitemo kupfurikidza neDare, iro rakaumbwa neDare neImba yaVamiririri. Rinodzora bhajeti yehurumende, rinogona kukurira vapurezidhendi, kugadza kunotenderwa, uye rinogona kudzosa vakuru vakuru vehurumende.
- Bazu rePurezimenti: Mitemo inodzorwa naPurezidhendi. Inobatanidza Mutongi Mukuru mukuru, Kabhinati, uye masangano akawanda ehurumende. Mutungamiriri weHurumende anogona kubhadhara mari, kugadza vatongi nemitezo yeKibitai, kuraira hondo, uye kutungamirira muitiro wokumwe.
- [[FOL:0] Bazu reMitemo: Rinodudzira mitemo ndokusarudza kana ikatevera Bumbiro reMitemo. Maconstance eDare rapamusorosoro namatare ehurumende akaderera. Vatongi veFederal vanobatira kwoupenyu uye vanogona kuzivisa mitemo nezviito zvavakuru vakuru.
Vavambi vakaitwa vakaita tsika ino anopfuura makore 200 apfuura, uye inopfuurira kushanda nhasi. Hurumende nepo yakura ndokuchinja nokufamba kwenguva, chivako chikuru chamapazu matatu ane cheki nedzinodzikamisa chinoramba chiri hwaro hwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu yeAmerica. Kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa iyi tsika, vana vanogona kunzwisisa uchenjeri hwavanaBaba Vakawanwa uye ukoshi hwokudzivirira Bumbiro remitemo norusununguko rwarinovimbisa.
Kudzidza pamusoro pehurumende hakufaniri kuva kunofinha. Kune mufarwa wakawanda uye kupinza nzira kuti vana vaongorore kuti hurumende inoshanda sei, kubva pakushanyira zvivako zvehurumende namamiziyamu kusvikira kukutora rutivi muhurumende yavadzidzi nokukurukura zvinoitika zvazvino nemhuri. Vana vakawanda vanodzidza pamusoro pehurumende, vachanzwisisa zvikuru kuti inotapura sei upenyu hwavo uye kuti vanogona sei kuita kuti manzwi avo anzwiwe. Iyi ndiyo fandesheni yougari hwemo hwechienzi nekiyiro yokuchengeta democracy yeAmerica yakasimba nokuda kwezvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi.
Nokuda kwamashoko ane udzame zvikuru pamusoro pamapazu matatu ehurumende, unogona kunzvera zviwanikwa pa [FLT] House White.gov, izvo zvinogovera mashoko akakwana pamusoro penzira iyo hurumende yehurumende yakarongwa nayo ichishanda. Mawebsite edzidzo akafanana ne [FLT]][5]] iCIT[FLT]] anogovera mitambo nezvidzidzo zvinogovera mafaro zvechisakiso zvehurumende uye zvinobatanidza vadzidzi vamazera ose. Izvi zvinogona kubetsera vana kukudza nzwisiso yavo nokukufarira kwenguva refu.