Imba yavamiririri, inowanzonzi "Imba yavanhu," idare rakagadzirirwa chiito. Nemitezo inovhota nezviuru zvemabhiri zvakatangwa pagore rimwe nerimwe regore maviri Congress, kurukurirano yapauriri yakachena panhau iri yose ingava isingabviri. Kubata basa iri nokukura kwounyanzvi hukuru, Imba inotsamira pagadziriro ine simba nenzwisa. Matare aya haangori gadziriro yetsinga dzetsika dzebazu rechibvumirano. Idzo itsika huru dzemifungo yebazu remitemo. Inoita savachengeti vemitemo yetsika, injini huru yokusika, uye vatarisiri vadzorwi vadzorwi vamabhineti vanonzvera. Kunzwisisa kuti aya matare anoshanda sei zvinokosha kunzwisisa mashandiro chaiwo omutemo uye simba rezvamatongerwe enyika muWashington, DC.

Varidzi Vemitemo: Basa Rematare

Basa guru redare reImba nderokugovera nhandare chaiyo yokunzvera mutemo unokarakadzwa. Apo bhiridha rinotangwa nenhengo yeImba, mukuru mukuru anotungamirira (Aupeutor) anonongedzera kudare rine chiremera pamusoro penhau yaro. Iyi dhestorral chisarudzo chenhau inoremerwa. Paringogamuchirwa, chigaro chedare chine simba guru pamusoro pomugumo wedare. Chigaro chinogona kuronga kunzwa, mishumo, kana kuti kungorega rugwaro rwacho ruchigarwa kuzivikanwa se "pigeonling"." Chirango chisingasandurwi nokushingaira nedare racho chinofa nokuda kwechisaririra cheyaya chapa dare iroro.

Iri basa rokuchengeta suo chipfuro chine simba zvikurusa chedare. Rinobvumira matare kushanda sechinosefa, kudzivirira zvisakafanira, kudzorwa, kana kuti zvikwereti zvisingafarirwi mune zvematongerwe enyika kuti zvipedze nguva yeimba. Zvisinei, simba iri rinorevawo kuti chigaro chakasarudzwa chezvikamu zvizhinji chinogona kuvhara mutemo une tsigiro yavose kana kuti kunyange tsigiro yebipartis. Matendi anotsvaka kudzoserazve chibvumirano chinofanira kutendeukira kunzira dzakaoma, dzakadai sokuisa chikumbiro che , icho chinoda kuti voruzhinji veImba yakazara vasaine chibvumirano chokubudisa chibvumirano kunze kwedare. Nhamo yokuwana izvi zvisainiso zvinopesana nechikamu chikuru, zvakadai sokuisa chitsamabhiripo chikuru chezvikwereti [[FLT.1]

Kupfuura kungouraya bedzi zvikwereti, matare anoaumba nokushingaira. Chibvumirano chikuru chemitemo chisati chambosvika pauriri hweImba nokuda kwekurukurirano, chinofanira kupukunyuka kuongororwa kukuru kwedare rinopa mubatanidzwa. Imomu marusando aya umo kugadziriswa kwemibatanidzwa inorangarirwa, zvibvumirano zvinorohwa, uye mutauro wokupedzisira womutemo unoumbwa. Chinyorwa chomutemo chinobuda mudare kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji chakasiana zvikuru nechakazarurwa, kuratidzira kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira nedzvinyiriro dzezvamatongerwe enyika zvinorondedzera muitiro womutemo.

Kunyatsoongorora Mabasa Ematare Edzimba

Matare edzimba anoita mabasa matatu akasiyana - siyana asi anorongeka: kugadzira mitemo (mitemo), kutarisira (hurumende inotendeudzira), uye kuongorora (nhau dzakaoma kunzwisisa). Basa rimwe nerimwe rinoshanda donzo rinokosha mudzikamo yesimba pakati pamapazu emitemo neanotungamirira.

Kugara Kunonzwa: Kuunganidza Maidi Nouchapupu

Mitemo inoshanda zvikurusa basa ramadare. Zvinobatira senzvimbo yavose nokuda kwokuunganidza mashoko nokuvaka chinyorwa nokuda kwechiito chemitemo. Dare ringatonga nokuda kwezvikonzero zvinoverengeka: kuyera kudikanwa kwemitemo mitsva, kunzvera kuitwa kwemitemo iripo, kana kuti kuhwirudzura zvikarakadzo zvemari zvaPurezidhendi. Zvapupu muvhenganiswa wavakuru vakuru vakuru vesangano rehurumende, nyanzvi dzedzidzo, nyanzvi dzeindasitiri, vatsigiri, uye vagari vemo vadzo voga vanotapurwa nenhau.

Simba rokumanikidza chipupuriro chishandiso chakakomba. Matare anogona kumanikidza zvapupu zvinozengurira kuoneka ndokubudisa magwaro. Kuramba kuiswa kwedare rehurumende kungaita kuti dare risarudze kukwirira kweCongress, kunopa migumisiro inokosha yepamutemo nezvamatongerwe enyika. Munhau yazvino uno, kunzwa kukuru panhau dzakadai semitemo yenzanga, njodzi yemagariro enhau, uye tyisidziro dzenyika dzakaratidzira simba redare rokuumba murangariro wavose nepurogiramu dzorudzi. Kugona kubvunza zvapupu zviri pasi pemhiko, kuparadzira matare ezvokutarisira nedzidzo yavose inopfupikisa mutemo wakapfava.

Kuongorora Kuona Zvinyakare: Kuwana Bhiroji Rokupedzisira

"marking" inzvimbo yeinjini yokuita mitemo. Pashure pokunzwa, dare rinoungana kuti rirangarire kugadziridzwa kwechibvumirano mumuitiro unozivikanwa nenzira yakarongwa se "kuratidzira" rugwaro. Ndokuno kugadziridza kwezvamatongerwe enyika kunochinja kubva kuuchapupu hwavose kuudzana. Mitezo yeDare, kazhinji kazhinji nebetsero yavashandi vavo vanodzidzira, kurukurirano nevhota panhevedzano yechinjo dzinokarakadzwa. Chigaro chinodzosa muitiro, kudzora nhevedzano umo kupera kwemifungo inorangarirwa uye kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji kubatanidzwa "magadziro echiporidzo" kana kuti "kudzorwa kwaManeimania" iyo inona mirwi inona musero yakasiana-kasiana - siyana.

Rusando rwokupa mari runogona kutora maawa kana kuti kunyange mazuva, zvichitsamira pakuoma kwegweta racho negakava. Chivhoti yokupedzisira ndeyokuti "uchashuma" mutengo kuImba yakazara. Dare rinogona kushuma mutemo zvakanaka, zvakaipa, kana kuti pasina rumbidzo. Kana rikashuma zvakanaka, rinopawo mushumo wetsika unotsanangura chinangwa chomutemo, simba rawo pamutemo uripo, uye nharo dzinopesana nechikamu chayo. Dare iri ichinhu chinokosha kunhengo, vanobudisa nhau, uye vanotsvaka kunzwisisa chinangwa nezvinorehwa nomutemo. Chirevo chinokundikana kupukunyuka chipfuuchipfuudzira chiremera chikuru chinoiswa mumapoka maduku aya eImba.

Kutarisira Nokuongorora: Kuongorora Bazu Rine Vatungamiriri

Kutarisira kweCongress isimba rebumbiro remitemo rinorehwa iro rinobvumira matare kutarira, kuhwirudzura, uye kunzvera hurumende nebazu guru. Iri basa rinoitiswa kuva nechokwadi chokuti mitemo iri kuitwa nenzira yokutendeka, mapurogiramu ari kubhadharwa, uye muripi wemitero madhora haasati achipambadzwa. Kunzwa kwakakura kunogona kunzvera mhatsa yakafara yenhau, kuvambira pakusashandiswa kwemitemo yehurumende kusvikira kukuitwa kwezvirongwa zvikuru seAffordcable Care Act kana kuti Inslation Reduction Act.

Nzvero igadziriro yakarongwa zvikuru neyakakomba zvikuru. Dzinotangwa zvikurukuru mukupindura kupomerwa kwomufambiro wakaipa, kundikano huru dzemiitiro, kana kuti tyisidziro dzinobvira kufariro yavose. Kunzvera kwedare kunogona kubatanidza mitezo mizhinji yavashandi, zviuru zvezvinyorwa, uye bvunzurudzo dzakawanda dzechapupu. Simba rokunzvera rinoshanda secherekedzo yakakomba pasimba raPrezidheni napamasangano ehurumende. Kunzvera kwapamutevedzero, saavo vari muWatergate put-in, njodzi yemari ya2008, uye kudenha kwemabhii eCapitol, kunoratidzira simba guru rematare rokufukunura namazita ane simba anozvidavirira. Mishumo inovapo neuchapupu hunopa miuyo inogona kutungamirira kumutemo mutsva, kugadziridzanyuko dzebazu, uye, nhau dzakaipisisa, nhau dzemari dza2008, uye kurwisana kwaJanuary 6 dzeCapitol.

Kugadzirwa Kwegadziriro Yedare

Imba yevamiririri zvino inoshanda nematare anopfuura 20 akamira, pamwe chete nematare akasarudzwa, anobatana, uye anoungana.

Kumira, Kusarudza, Matare Akabatana, uye Musangano

  • [[FLT: 0] Kumira Matare: Aya maparera echigarire akatangwa neImba Mitemo. Aya mabhii anoshanda egadziriro yomutemo. Dare rimwe nerimwe rimire rine chigaro panzvimbo yakananga, yakadai seAgriculture, Ashopurst, Education and Communic, Financial Service, na Judiacary. matare ane simba zvikurusa anonongedzerwa kwairi se "A" matare: [[FLT:] mazai uye maFLT][FL:[FLT] [[FLT:]] [FFOLT]
  • Sarudza Matare: Aya maparera echinguvana akagadzirwa nechisarudzo cheImba nokuda kwenzvero chaiyo kana kuti donzo. Kusafanana namatare akamira, sarudza matare haasati ane simba rokushuma mutemo kuImba yakazara. Panzvimbo pezvo, anorondwa nokunzvera nhau yakati uye kubudisa mushumo wokupedzisira. Mienzaniso yazvino uno inobatanidza Dare raSarudza Kunzvera Chitsoropodzo paUnited States Capitol neDare Rinosarudza Pamubatanidzwa Wapamutemo pakati peUnited States neChinese.
  • Matare eMagwenya: Matare aya anoumbwa nemitezo inobva muzvose zviri zviviri Imba neDare. Anowanzova mapoka anodzora kana kuti anonyengera, akadai seJoint Committee on Economic Committee. Haana simba rokushuma mutemo.
  • Conference Committee: Iyi idare rakasiyana nerine simba rakaumbwa kupedza misiyano pakati peshanduro dzeImba neDare dzemutemo mumwe chete. Nemhaka yokuti makamuri ose ari maviri anofanira kupfuura mushumo wakafanana kuti ave mutemo, kusawirirana kunoiswa mudare redare remusangano. Mitezo .[1] Zvikurukuru nemitezo yakatanhamara yematare amire anokosha, anozivikanwa se "kubvumirana nemitemo." Mushumo uyu unofanira kutenderwa nedzimba dzose dziri mbiri pasina kugadziriswa. dare redare rinowanzorondedzerwa se "imba yechitatu" yeDare redare rinowirirana nepesvedzero yaro yedare guru.

Simba Remupi Wezvipo: Zvigaro zveDare Nenhengo Dzinotsiga

Chigaro chedare ndiro munhu ane simba zvikurusa mudare. Gavhuna imitezo yebato revoruzhinji uye vanosarudzwa namagamuchidzanwa, kunyange zvazvo vatungamiriri vebato nemirau yecaucus zvino inoita basa guru. Chigaro chinogadza zvirongwa zvedare, kusarudza nguva yokunzwa nokutambira, kupinza vabati, uye kubatira somumiririri mukuru webasa redare. Chigaro chine unyanzvi chinogona kusunda nomugadziriro yemitemo ine chinzvimbo chesimba kana kuti kushandisa chigaro chakapiwa kudzivirira zvikarakadzo zvavanoshora.

Chikamu chinobatira sechikurusa mutezo webato duku padare. Nepo isingabati masimba mamwe chetewo etsika, mutezo wakakwirira unoita basa rinokosha mukuumba basa redare. Idzo dzinobatira somumiriri mukuru wemirangariro yeboka duku, dzinotarisira boka duku, uye kazhinji kazhinji dzinoedza kukurukura bipartisan kana kuti, kushandisa nenzira inopesana, unyanzvi hwemitezo yemibatanidzwa kunonotsa purogiramu yevoruzhinji. Ukama pakati pechigaro nemutezo wakakwirira hunogona kurondedzera mufambiro wedare, kungava kubatira pamwe chete kana kuti kushandira pamwe kana kuti kushandira pamwe.

Mahofisi Aduku: Kubvisa Basa

Matare mazhinjisa akamira akakamurwa kuva madare maduku, anonangidzira ngwariro panzvimbo yakamanikana mukati moudzori hwedare. Somuenzaniso, Dare rokupa Appropriation rine matare maduku ane gumi namaviri, rimwe nerimwe rine mutoro wokutsigira rutivi rwakati rwehurumende yehurumende yehurumende (mutoo, Defense, Homeland Security, Labor-HS-HS). Masangano ePubytee rega kubvumira kunyange unyanzvi hukuru zvikuru nokuhwirudzura. Chinyorwa chepepa chingatanga kutumirwa kuboka dukusaidzwa nokuda kwokunzwa kwenzwisiso nemutambo wokutanga pamberi pokurangarirwa nedare rakazara. Ichi chivako chinobvumira Imba kuronga mutezo mukuru zvikuru womutemo nomufambiro.

Kuchinja Kwematongerwe Enyika uye Kupesvedzera Matare

Gadziriro yedare haisati iri mubatanidzwa usingatori rutivi, wezvamatongerwe enyika.

Migove Yedare uye Kuvimbika Kweboka

Kuwana chigaro padare rine simba chinhu chikuru nokuda kwomutezo mumwe nomumwe weImba. Migove inochengetwa nedare rokufambisa romukati rebato rimwe nerimwe. Mitezo inowanzofanira kushandira chigaro, kududza ruzivo rwavo, mamiriro ezvinhu, uye mano okusimudzira mari yebato. Zvigaro kumatare apamusoro seGray neTSC kana kuti Approgrits zvinochengeterwa nhengo dzakura kana kuti idzo dzakaratidza kuvimbika kwakasimba kupurogiramu yebato. Kukwanisa kwenhengo kupesvedzera mutemo kwakabatana zvakananga nemigove yavo yedare. Kubatira padare reruwa remitezoro. (g., Ririmi renzanga yokurima) rinorangarirwa kuva rinokosha nokuda kwokudzosesa.

Basa Revanozvipinza Muropa Nemapoka Anofarira

Matare ndiwo chipfuro chikuru cheindasitiri inopesvedzera Washington. Varobists vanotsvaka kupesvedzera mitezo yedare navashandi vavo panhambo iri yose yomuitiro: kubetsera kunyora mabhiri, kugovera chipupuriro chenyanzvi pakunzwa, uye kuedza kudzosa vhoti mukati memishumo. Kutenga inzira yakarovedzeka, apo mapoka anotamburira kuwana chibvumirano chinonongedzerwa kudare vanodavira kuti rine ushamwari kudonzo ravo. Ukama pakati pamatare namapoka ezviwanduru itsime rekurukurirano huru, navatsoropotedzi kuti kunogona kutungamirira kukubatazve kutungamirira kuitirwa kwapambwa kwedare nemitemo inofarirwa zvikuru.

Kubatana uye Kuvharwa Mumatare Azvino Uno

Gadziriro yegamuchidzanwa yebasa redare sebipartisan, muitiro wezvigadziko wakashata zvikuru mumakumi amakore achangobva kupfuura aya. Nhasi, kutonga kwamadare kunowanzoshandiswa semaburiro okutumira mashoko kunopesana panzvimbo pokuwana chokwadi. Voruzhinji vanganzwa kuti vanyadzise kutarisirwa kana kuti varatidze nhau inobvumira kukuvara kwayo, nepo vashoma vachishandisa nguva yavo kudenha zvirongwa zvavo. Pasinei zvapo neizvi, gadziriro inoramba iripo, apo matare anopindwa, uye mingava inodzorwa nemisangano yebato yakavharwa. Kushandiswa kwakawedzerwa kwemitemo chaiyo inobva kuDare remitemo, iro rinoganhurira mativi aro, kunowedzera simba redare rimwe nerimwe.

Zviitiko Zvakaitika Kare uye Kushanduka - shanduka Kwesimba Rematare

Nhau yeImba yacho, munzira dzakawanda, inhau yamatare ayo. Simba ramatare rave richishandiswa munguva dzenjodzi nokukakavadzana, richiumba nzira yorudzi.

  • Komiti yeImba isingawirirani neAmerican Activities Komiti (HUAC): Yakasikwa muna 1938, HUAC yakanzvera mibato inofungidzirwa yokusavimbika neyokupandukira yakaitwa navanhu vamwe navamwe namasangano anofungidzirwa kuva nebatano dzecommunist. Kunzwa kwayo kwakaziviswa zvikuru kwakanangidzirwa vanyori veHollywood, vatungamiriri, uye vatambi, kuchitanga tapuro inotyisa pakutaura kwakasununguka nokurondedzera nhambo yeHondo Yemashoko yapakuvamba.
  • Dare reImba neIndaneti: Dare reImba Vudiary rave riri pakati pekusainwa kwapurezidhendi ari wose munhau yeAmerica. Vhoti dzaro pamusoro penhau dzokusateererwa kwaPurezidhendi Andrew Johnson, Richard Nixon, Bill Clinton, naDonald Trump dzakanga dziri nguva dzinokosha. Kunzvera kwedare munyadziso yeWatergate, kubatanidza chisarudzo charo kuPuercenal Nixon's hofisi yeOval, muenzaniso wesimba rekuongorora.
  • Dare reMali rePlatical Inquickry Commission (FCIC): Kunyange zvazvo iri basa resonganiro, basa raro rakaratidzira dare razvino uno renzvero. Kunzwa kwaro kwakanzvera zvisakiso zvenjodzi yemari ya2008, kuchiisa vakuru vakuru vakuru veWall Street mumhiko nokubudisa nhau yakakwana, kana ikava nenharo, nhau yapamutemo yokuputsika.

Mienzaniso iyi inoratidza simba guru, uye rinowanzomutsa nharo, rematare rokuumba hurukuro yavose uye kuita kuti masangano ane simba azvidavirire.

Nei Kunzwisisa Matare Kuchikosha Kuvagari Vomunyika

Basa rematare eDzimba ringaratidzika kuva sebasa remichina yemichina yemumugwagwa mukati, asi rine tapuro huru neyakananga paupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Chinjo kubumbiro remitemo remitero rinotangira muNzira neMadiro Dare rinotapura chekichero yomubhadharo uri wose. Kutemwa kutsva kweEnergy neChemist Committee kunotapura mutengo wemirimo yapamutemo nechete yemhepo nemvura. Kuteerera kwedare reToversary kunogona kushatisa nokunyengera mumapurogiramu ehurumende.

Kumugari akavimbisana, kuronda mubato wedare rutivi runokosha rwekuvimbisana kwevagari vemo. Kunenge dare rose rinotonga zvino rava kutemwa pawebsite yedare. Voruzhinji vanogona kupa chipupuriro chakanyorwa, kuona zvinyorwa, uye kunyora mugariro womutemo kupfurikidza .Gov. Kunzwisisa dare kunogovera pfundo rinokosha kuona kuti chiito chaichoi chiri kuitika. Kunobvumira vagari vemo kuziva vatambi vanokosha, kunzwisisa zvibvumikiso zve .Gov[FLT].

Mugumisiro: Kukosha Kusingaperi Kwegadziriro yeDare

Gadziriro yedare repaimba chinhu chakaoma, chinononoka, uye chinowanzokangaidza. Chinotapurwa kurumano, kupesana, uye pesvedzero yefariro chaidzo. Kunyange zvakadaro, rutivi runokosha rwegadziriro yeAmerica yehurumende inomirira. Inobvumira kugadziriswa, inopa nzvero huru pabazu revakuru, uye inoramba iri nzvimbo yokutanga nokuda kwebasa raro rakazara, rokuita mutemo. Nepo chinjo dzingava madikanwa kuita kuti ive iwirirane zvikuru neyakashanda munguva yechikamu chikuru chedare, gadziriro hurusa inoramba iri nzira inoshanda zvikurusa nokuda kweboka rinoumba vanhu 435 kuti ribate basa raro guru. Sezvo Home inopfuurira kukuita, mabhineti ayo acharamba ari nzvimbo umo mitemo yenyika inosarudza zvirokwazvo.