Mitero inoita kuti mari ishande zvikuru, kudarika mamiriro ezvemari, kudarika kudzivirira nyika, kuronga zvakanaka, uye dzidzo yehurumende, uye njodzi. Kubhadhara mitero ibasa risingadzivisiki, kuoma kwemitero yakasiyana - siyana kunowanzosiya vagari vemo vavhiringidzika uye vachinetseka. Kunzwisisa zvakajeka zvimiro zvakasiyana - siyana zvemitero kunobatsira vanhu uye mabhizimisi kuti vaite zvisarudzo zvemari zvakadzidzwa, kuronga zvakanaka, uye kudzivisa zvikanganiso zvinodhura. Iyi nhungamiro inoputsa mapoka makuru emitero — zvakananga, pfuma, mutero, muputi, uye vamwe — inotsanangura sei mabhuroko, maza, uye mabhiri okubhadhara zvikwereti, uye basa, uye kusimbisa kukosha kwokuzviisa pasi. Kudzorwa nezivo, unogona kufamba nomusipo nokuvimba nokubudirira.

Mitero Yakananga

Mitero yakananga inobhadharwa zvakananga pamari yamunhu kana kuti yesangano kana kuti pfuma. Mubhadhari wemitero anobhadhara mutero zvakananga kuhurumende, uye mutoro haugoni kupiwa kune rimwe dipati. Iyi mitero ndiyo inonyanya kuparira mari yehurumende dzenyika dzakawanda uye yakagadzirirwa kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, zvinoreva kuwedzera nemari yadzinowana.

Mutero Wemari

Mutero unobhadharwa ndiwo mutero unosanozivikanwa zvikuru, unoiswa pamari yavanhu, zvikwereti, uye nzvimbo. MuUnited States, mutero wemari wehurumende unoshandisa mutero unofambira mberi une mabhuraketi anogadziridza gore negore nokuda kwokukwira kwemitengo. Vabhadhari vanofanira kuisa misoro yavo panzvimbo yavose (vasingabhadharwi, vakaroora kana kuti kuroorwa, musoro wemhuri, zvichienderana nemari yavanobhadharwa, zvichisarudza mari inotengwa, zvakadai semari inobhadharwa kana kuti yakasununguka. Mitero inodzorwa inosiyana, imwe mari inodzorwa inova $4,000 ($4,000) yemitengori inova mari yakapfuurwa ne $2, $4,50,50 yevakaroorana. Kunzwisisa mwero wako wemari inobhadharwa kwemari inobhadharwa yokupedzisira — zvinokosha nokuda kwemitengo inotengwa, semari inobhadharwa kana kuti ishanyirwe basa. Florida Florida, uye mari inodzoro inodzorwa payasesero.[3]

Mutero Wemaune

Mutero unobhadharwa pamibayiro yemakambani. MuU.S., mwero wemitero yekambani ibasa wakadzikama 21% uchitevera Mutengo weTsima neMabasa wa2017. Zvisinei, makambani anotarisana nemutero wakapetwa kaviri: mhindu dzinobhadharwa pamwero wemasangano, uye apo mari inoparadzirwa kuti iparadzirwe kuvaridzi, mari iyoyo inobhadharwazve semari inotambirwa mumwe nomumwe. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei mabhizimisi maduku akawanda anosarudzwa kuti abhadharwe somutero semasangano eS kana kuti LLC, anobvumira mhindu kupfumisa kudzo yemitero yomunhu oga, kubvisa mutero webhizimisi chose. Mitengo yebhizimisi inogoverwa yebhizimisi nezvivako zvinosiana munyika dzose.

Guta Rinowana Mutero

Mutero wemari unoshanda kumitero inogamuchirwa pakutengesa zvinhu, zvakadai semasheya, mapango, nzvimbo kana kuti miunganidzwa. Mwero wemitero unotsamira pakuti mari yemari yakaitwa ndeipi. Kubudirira kwemari yemari yenhambo pfupi (inoitwa gore rimwe kana kuti shoma) inobhadharwa semari inotambirwa, pamubhadharo wemari inobhadharwa. Ndyiko dzemari huru (inoita mari inopfuura gore rimwe) inofarikanya mwero wakaisvonaka: 0%, 15%, kana kuti 20%, zvichitsamira pamari inobhadharwa yose inobhadharwa. Mutero wereti we3,8% ungashandawo kumubhadharo wakakwirira. Zvinhu zvakafanana nezvitengo zvokugara zvikuru zvine rupo rwapachena — $50 000 (R1) kana kuti $50 000) inogona kupfumba dzemitero kana kudzorwa nokushandiswa kwoudzorwa kwemitero.[5]

Mitero Yakananga

Kusiyana nemitero yakananga, mitero inowanzopfuudzwa pamwe chete nemitero isina kunanga kusvikira yasvika kumunhu anenge apedza kuitenga. Mitero iyi inowanzodzokororwa, zvichireva kuti inoita kuti mari ishandiswe nevari kubhadharisa mari shoma nemhaka yokuti kushandisa mari yacho kunova chikamu chikuru chokushandisa.

Kutenga Mutero

Mitero yemari inowedzerwa pamutengo wezvinhu namabasa padanho rokutengesa. MuUnited States, mitero yokutengesa inotengwa nehurumende, zvinyorwa, uye manisiparati, zvinoparira mhatsa yakafara. Mitengo mishanu (Alaska, Delaware, Montana, New Hampshire, Oregon) haina mutero wemari yehurumende, nepo mimwe yakadai seTennessee neLouisiana yabatanidzwa nyika nemwero yemo inodarika 9%. Zvinhu zvinokosha zvakafanana nemishonga inotengeswa, uye zvipfeko kazhinji kazhinji zvinochengetedzwa kana kuti zvinobhadharwa pamutero wemari. Vatengesi havawanzopi vemitero yebhizimisi yebhizimisi kuti vadzivise kubhadhaya mitero.

Mutero wawedzerwa kukosha (VAT)

Mutero wakawedzera unoshandiswa munyika dzinopfuura 160, zvikurukuru muEuropean Union, Canada, Australia, uye nyika dzakawanda dzeAsia. Kusafanana nomutero wokutengesa unounganidzwa bedzi pakutengeswa kwokupedzisira, VAT inounganidzwa padanho rimwe nerimwe rokubudisa nokuparadzira, asi mabhizimisi anotaura kuti mari yevaT yakabhadharwa pamitengo. Mutengo wacho ndewokuti mutero wose wakaenzana wemari yokupedzisira. VAT inovack yawanda uye haidiwi zvikuru kupfuura kutengesa mutero, asi inogona kuva yakaoma kuti ipedzerwe. Mwero wetsika ye VATCUS muavhareji inenge 21%. [FLT:] RUSFM

Mitero Yakakura

Mitero yokubvisa mitero inosarudzwa pazvinhu zvakati kana kuti mibato, inowanzobatanidzwa mumutengo. Yakagadzirirwa kukwidziridza mari nokudzivisa kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza kana kuti zvoumbozha. Mitero inowanzobatanidza ayo epeturo (18,4 masendi parita yoga yoga, pamwe nemitero yehurumende), doro, fodya, pfuti, uye matikiti endege. Inonzi "sini mitero" pamidzanga nedoro inowanzooneka zvikuru uye inomutsa nharo, nevanotsigira utano vanotsigira mwero wakakwirira wokuderedza kushandiswa. Mitero yemari inogonawo kuiswa pakushatisa mhoteredzo kana kuti kubudisa carbon, kugovera sundo yemari yemari yemiitiro yokuchenesa.

Mitero Yezvinhu

Mitero yemari inotengwa panzvimbo inotengwa nenzvimbo inogarwa. Mazai manyuko makuru emari nokuda kwehurumende dzomunzvimbomo, mari inopirwa mari, mapurisa namabasa okudzima moto, migwagwa, mapaka, uye maraibhurari. Mutero wegore negore unosarudzwa kupfurikidza nokuwanza ukoshi hwezvinhu nerokugara. Masherefu ndiwo madhora $56 000 pamutengo wemari inotanhanhando. Mitengo yemari inosimupirwa inoshandiswa neyakawanda. Varidzi vemabhizimisi vanogona kukwidza mitero kana vadavira kuti mari yavo yakakwirira zvikuru. Maganhu mazhinji anopa kunyiwa kwemisha mitero yemisha inoderedza mutoro wedzimba huru, uye vagari vemo kana kuti vagari vemo vakwava vanogona kukwaniriswa nokuda kwokuwedzera. Mitero inowanzo kushandiswa pakubhadharwa kwemari yehurumende, asi mitero inodzorwa pamitero yemari yomubatanidzwa yehurumende uye pasi peD.

Kubhadhara Mitero

Kubhadharisa mitero kunobhadharwa pamubhadharo, mibhadharo, uye mari yokushanda yoga kuti itsigire gadziriro dzeSocial Security neMedicare. MuU.S., vashandi navashandirwi mumwe nomumwe vanobhadhara mutero weSangano reSangano reMari yenzanga pa 6,2% pamari inobhadharwa pagore. Vatakuridzi vanobhadhara mari yebhizimisi yegore negore ye $168,600 mu2024) uye 1.45% Medicata mutero wemari pamubhadharo yose. Vanhu vanobhadhara madhikitikitiroma (2,4% Security,2,9% Medicarecua) asi vanogona kubvisa hafu yemari inotambirwa yebhizimisi semari inobhadharo yavo yebhizimisi. Varipi vanopfuura 0.9% vashambadziripi vemari inobhadharwa mari inotambirwa nemari inowanwa inowanwa yapamba inopfumbadzwa nokuda kwemari inopfumbadza.

Mitero Yenhaka Nenhaka

Mitero yenhaka inobhadharwa pakutamisirwa kwepfuma parufu, zvichitsamira pamutengo wose wenzvimbo yomufi. Mutero wenzvimbo wehurumende unongoshanda bedzi kumari inobviswa inodarika mari inobviswa mufa ($13.61 mamirioni muna 2024), zvinosanohesvurwa zvose asi nzvimbo dzakapfuma zvikuru. Mwero wacho unofambira mberi, kusvikira ku40%. Mitero yenhaka, inoiswa pavagamuchiri vezvinhu zvakagara nhaka uye vawirwa nenhaka neukama nevakafa. Mitero inodzorwa bedzi neyakasiyana nemitero. Nyika shomanene bedzi inoisa nzvimbo kana kuti nhaka (g., New York, Maryland, New Jersey). Chiteshi chinobvumira muteshi asara kushandisa mugove usingashatirwi weakanwa wokubudiswa kubuda muhondo. Kuronga mutengo kwakafanira, kubatanidza kuchengeterwa uye kuronga zvipo, zvinogona kuderedza mitero, asi upfumi hukurusa hwehurumende yeAmerica, asi upfumi hwehurumende.

Kunzwisisa Zvibvumirano Zvemitero

Mabhurokwa emitero anosarudza mwero wemari yako inobhadharwa pasi pegadziriro inofambira mberi. Vanhu vakawanda vanodavira nokukanganisa kuti kutamira muboka rakakwirira kunoreva kuti mari yavo yose inobhadharwa pamwero wakakwirira. Chaizvoizvo, mari inongova murimo wechikwangwanwa ichibhadharwa pamwero wakakwirira. Mari yasara yemari yako inoramba ichibhadharwa pa $1024. Somuenzaniso, mari imwe mu 2024 pamari inobhadharwa yemari inokamurwa ne $1,12% yemari inobhadharwa pamutero, 12% kubva pa $1,601 kusvika ku $4,1,1,50, uye zvichingodaro kusvika ku 37% pamari inotambirwa kupfuura $6,50,50. Iyi traveidzo inodzivisa kukwira kwemitero yakamwero yenyu inodzorwa. Kunzwisisa mwero wako mukuru wemitero (kugoverwa nemari inogoverwa nemari iri nani) inopa mufanikiso kupfuura mutero.[0]

Mitero Nezvinzvimbo

Kuderedza mari yaunotambira mutero wacho kupfurikidza nokuderedza mari yaunobhadhara nemari yaunobhadhara, kuderedza mitero yako nekachitsama kane mari yaunobhadhara.

Service vs.

Vateresi vanogona kusarudza pakati pemari inotsaurwa yakatarwa (chitsama chakatarwa chakavakirwa pakurongedzerwa) kana kuti kuisa ndyiko dzakakodzera dzakadai semubereko wemba, hurumende nemitero yomunzvimbomo (zvinoiswa pa $10 000), mipiro yorupo, uye ndyiko dzezvokurapa dzinopfuura 7.5% yemari yakagadziriswa. Sezvo kutsaurirwa kuri kwomupimo kwakapetwa kaviri muna 2018, mari inobhadharwa mutero shomanene. Kwakafanira kuronga nhamba yezvitsauko zvinoda kupfuuresa mari yako inotarwa mutero.

Mbiri Yemitero Yavose

Zvikwereti zvemutero zvinogona kuva zvisingabhadhariswi kana kuti zvisingabhadhari. Zvikwereti zvinokosha, kufanana neInichor Iniversation Register for force (EITC), zvinogona kuderedza mutero wako pasi pezero, kuchiguma nechekero. Child Tax Crects chinovakwa zvishoma (kusvikira ku $6,500 pamwana muna 2024). Zvikwereti zvinokosha zvinosanganisira American Organity Trust Creasurence (kuda dzemari inobhadharwa pakoreji), Kofiti yeDzo Yedzidzo yechikwereti, uye chikwereti chesimba rekuvandudza musha. Chikwereti chimwe nechimwe chine zvinodikanwa zvakati chakananga nokuwana. [FLD: 0] IRS inochengeta ndaza yakawanda yezvikwereti nezvikwereti zvinowanika.[FFF1]

Kukosha Kwemitero Yokubiridzira

Kubhadharisa mutero wegore negore isati iri murairo wapamutemo; inzira iyo mari yakawanda inogoverwa nayo nehurumende. Kunyange kana mari yako iri pasi pechikumbaridzo chemitero, ungakwanirisa nokuda kweripo yemitero yakaraswa kana kuti chikwereti chinodzorwa. Kukundikana kunyora panhambo nenhambo (panhambo yaApril 15) kunogona kuguma nezvirango 5% pamwedzi pamitero isingabhadharwi, kusvikira ku 25%, uye mubereko. Kana une chikwereti chemari yawakabhadharwa panguva, uchikumbira kuwedzerwa (Fom 488) mwedzi mitanhatu asi usingaregi nguva yokubhadhara — zvirango nemhindu zvinodikanwa. Kumhanya nenzira yakaenzana kunogona kunonoka kukwira, kusvikira ku25%, uye kukwira mutero. Kana uine chikwereti chinokwaniriswa kana kuti unokwanisa kudzivisa kubhadhara chikwereti. Kuvimbisa kubhadhara mari yapamutemo, kunobva pakuvimbisa mari yapa mari inotengwa nokuda kweyamutengwa yapa kana kuti inodiwa nokuda kwemiteve mari.

Mazano Okuronga Mutero Zvinobudirira

Kuronga mutero kungaderedza zvikuru mitero yako gore negore. Kuronga kunokosha kunobatanidza kuwedzera mipiro kumaakaundi omutero anoshanda zvakanaka epamudyandigere akadai sa401 (k) neIRAs — iyi mipiro inowanzova mari inobhadharwa, inoderedza mari inobhadharwa. Sangano rezvemari dzinoshandiswa pakubhadhara mitero dzinoshandiswa pakubhadhara mari. Mitero inopawo mitatu: Mipiro inobhadharo inobhadharwa, kukura kusingabhadharwa mutero, uye kubvisa mari inokodzerwa mari yezvokura. Kubvisa mari yemari uye kurasikirwa neyamuhomba kunogona kuderedza mari yavanobhadharwa; nzira inozivikanwa semitero inoshandisa kurasikirwa nebhadharo inobhadharwa kuderedza mitero. Vanhu vanozviita vazvibhadharo, vanosarudza mabhizimisi ebhizimisi (masangano enyika, CLLC, kana kuti vatoredzere basa rokurega basa) uye kuronga mutengo wezvipo zvinotengwa nemari inotengwa nokuda kwemari inotengwa. Mitero inotengwa zvikuru. Mitengwa nokuda kwemitengwa. Mitero inotengwa

mhedziso

Kunzwisisa marudzi akasiyana- siyana emitero — kubva kumaripo nekambani kuenda kutengesera, zvinhu, uye mubhadharo — kunoshongedzera vagari vemo kuti vadzore mamiriro ezvemari nechivimbo. Kuziva mabhuraki emitero, mari, mari, zvikwereti, uye zvinodikanwa zvokunyora kubvumira kuronga kuri nani, kuva nemhosva yakaderedzwa, uye kuwirirana nomutemo. Nepo gadziriro yacho yakaoma, mari inobva kuIRS, nzvimbo dzedzidzo yemari dzinoremekedzwa, uye nyanzvi dzezvokubhadhadharwa kwemitero inogona kuderedza basa racho. Kuva mubhadharisi wemi mutero asingangopiridziridziri basa rehurumende asi nzvimbo dzaunoita kuti ushandise mibayiro yose uye mari inochengetwa inopa.