MuIreland, mutemo wedziviriro yemazita unoisa misengwa yakasimba pamasangano ayo anoita kuti mashoko omunhu oga aende. Kana kupesana kwacho kuchiitika, sangano rinofanira kuita chiito nokukurumidza kuti rione ngozi, rizivise mutungamiriri, uye, muzviitiko zvakawanda, zivisa vanhu vanenge vatapurwa. Kukundikana kutevedzera kunogona kuguma nefashoni huru uye kuvadziko yezita. Kunzwisisa zvinodiwa pakuputsa mashoko muIreland kunokosha kwazvo nokuda kwebhizimisi ripi neripi, boka ravose, kana kuti purofiti inobata mashoko omunhu oga.

Nyaya ino inotaura nezvemitemo iri pasi peGeneral Data Protection Regculation (GDPR) uye Irish Data Protection Act 2018, misengwa chaiyo yokunyora, zvinodiwa kuti zvione ngozi, zviitwe, matanho anoshanda okubvuma, zvirango, uye kuongorora mashandiro enzvimbo. Kutungamirira pano kunoratidza miitiro yokutevedzerwa kwetsika dzemazuva ano nezvinyorwa zvehurumende zveIrish Data Protection Commission (DPC) neEuropean Data Protection Board (EDPB).

Kupfuudzira Kunyorwa Kwemirayiro Yemapepa muIreland

Mutemo mukuru unodzora kuputsika kwemashoko muIreland i GDPR [Regation (EU) 2016/679), iyo ine muuyo wakananga munyika dzose dzeEU. MuIreland, GDPR inowedzerwa ne DATET Act 2018, iyo inogovera mitemo yokuwedzera pakudzikamisa, yemitengo, yeDPC. Mitemo iyi inoumba hurumende yakakwana nokuda kweziviso nokutarisirwa kwemazita omunhu oga.

A kuputsanya kwemifungo kwomunhu oga kunorondedzerwa pasi peChikamu 4(12) cheGDPR sekupunzika kwechengeteko kunotungamirira kuruparadziko rwetsaona kana kuti rusiri rwapamutemo, kurasikirwa, kuchinja, kuziviswa, kana kuti kusvika, mashoko omunhu oga anopfuudzwa, akachengetwa, kana kuti zvimwe akagadziridzwa. Izvi zvinobatanidza zvinoitika zvakadai semidziyo yakarasika kana kuti yakabiwa, kudenha kwetsaona, kuzivisa kwemaemail, uye kuba kwapakati pedata.

DPC ichiremera chakazvimirira chinopa mutoro wokusimbisa mutemo wedziviriro yedata muIreland. Yakabudisa nhungamiro ine udzame pamusoro peziviso inopinzwa pasi, iyo masangano anofanira kunzvera parutivi porugwaro rweGDPR. EDPB yabudisawo mirayiridzo pamusoro peInical Data Breach Khefix[ inotsanangura kutsanangurwa kweZvikamu 33 ne 34.

Zvinodiwa Zvinokosha Pakubudisa Mashoko

Kuzivisa Kubasa Rokudzivirira Rokunyora Mashoko

Pasi peChikamu 33 cheGDPR, mutarisiri anofanira kuzivisa DPC yekuputsika kwemazita omunhu oga pasina kunonozeka kusina kufanira uye, uko kunobvira, kwete gare gare kupfuura [[FLT: 0] maawa 72 pashure pokuziva. wachi inovamba kumhanya kubva panguva apo mutarisiri anenge ava kuziva nezvokuputsa. Ruzivo runowanzorangarirwa kuva rwakaitika apo murongi ane mwero une mufungo wouchokwadi wokuti kuputsanya kwaitika, kunyange kana mwero wakazara usati wazivikanwa.

Kana chiziviso chacho chisati chaitwa mumaawa 72, mutungamiriri anofanira kupa chikonzero chokuverengera.Ichi inguva chaiyo, uye DPC yakaratidza kushivirira kunonoka kuzivisa pasina chikonzero chakanaka.

Zvisinei, ziviso haidikanwi kana kuputsa kuri nenzira yakafanana kuparira ngozi kumaruramiro nerusununguko zvevanhu vokusikwa napo. Mudzori anofanira kunyora kurangarira kunobva murusando irworwo muchinyorwa chayo chomukati.

Ziviso yeDPC inofanira kuva, pauduku:

  • Rondedzero yorudzi rwokuputsika inobatanidza, apo kunobvira, mapoka nechiverengero chinofungidzirwa chenhau dzemashoko nezvinyorwa zvomunhu oga zvinobatanidzwa.
  • Zita uye mashoko efoni eANS Protection Guertier (DPO) kana kuti imwe nzvimbo yokuonana nayo.
  • Kurondedzerwa kwemigumisiro ingangovapo yokuparadzana kwacho.
  • Tsananguro yematanho akaitwa kana kuti akakarakadzwa kugadzirisa kudimburwa kwacho, kubatanidza matanho okuderedza migumisiro yakwo yakaipa inobvira.

DPC inogovera fomu rokuzivisa pawebsite yayo, iyo vadzori vanokurudzirwa kushandisa. Hurukuro yacho inokumbira mashoko akarongeka uye inobvumira mutungamiriri kuwedzera mashoko gare gare sezvo kunzvera kunofambira mberi.

Zivo Yokuti Vanhu Vatapurwe

Chikamu 34 cheGDPR chinoisa musengwa wechipiri, wakaparadzana: kana kuputsa kwacho kungaguma nengozi huru kukodzero nerusununguko zvevanhu vokuzvarwa narwo, mutungamiriri anofanira kukurukura nayo kunhau dzinotapurwa pasina kunonoka kusingafaniri. Iyi kurukurirano inofanira kuva mumutauro wakajeka uye wakajeka uye kurondedzera mamiriro ezvinhu okuputsa, migumisiro ingangovapo, uye matanho anoitwa kana kuti akarakadzwa kukurukura nezvayo. Kurukurira kunofanirawo kubatanidzawo zano pamatanho evanhu vamwe navamwe kuti vazvidzivirire vamene, zvakadai sokuchinja mashoko okunyorwa kana kuti nhau dzemari.

Ngozi huru inoongororwa zvichienderana nokuti ingave yakakomba zvakadini, zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakadai semashoko anobatanidzwa (mapoka chaiwo, mashoko emari, nzvimbo yaanogara), zviri nyore kuzivikanwa, mashoko akapoteredza okugadzira, uye kuvapo kwezvinodzivirira (g., kunyorwa kwemashoko echiNgezi). Mutungamiriri anofanira kuita chinyorwa chengozi yokuputsa kumwe nokumwe.

Kune mitongo mitatu isingazivikanwi inoitwa nemitemo apo kukurukurirana kusingadiwi:

  1. Mudzori wacho akaita matanho akakodzera okudzivirira masangano, akadai sokunyora mashoko epabonde, anoita kuti mashoko acho asanzwisisike kuvanhu vasina kubvumirwa.
  2. Mudzori wacho akatora matanho anotevera ayo anova nechokwadi chokuti ngozi yacho yakakura haichanyanyi kuoneka.
  3. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, panofanira kuva nokukurukurirana kwepachena kana kuti kumwewo kunonzi kuzivisei nyaya dzemashoko nenzira inobudirira.

Kunyange kana imwe yeidzi nhevedzano ichishanda, mudzori anofanira kungonyora kurangarira kwacho uye, kana akadenhwa gare gare, unogona kuratidzira kuti chisipo chacho chaikumbirwa nenzira yakafanira.

Chinyorwa uye Kuchengeta-Tekinoloji

Chikamu 33(5) chinoda vadzori kuti vanyore kuputsika kupi nokupi kwemifungo yomunhu oga, pasina kuziviswa kana kwakaitwa kuDPC. Manyoro acho anofanira kubatanidza maidi ane chokuita nokuputsika, miuyo yawo, uye chiito chokururamisa chinoitwa. Iyi rekoshesa yomukati inobatira soufakazi hwokuteerera uye inganzverwa neDPC mukati menzvero.

DPC inotarisira masangano kuchengeta log yokuvhura uko kunobatanidza zvimwe:

  • Zuva nenguva yokuwana nokuzivisa (kana pane).
  • Rondedzero yeboo nemapoka amaidi nenhau dzinobatanidzwa.
  • Kuongorora ngozi uye kurangarira chisarudzo chokuzivisa kana kuti kwete.
  • Matanho aitorwa kuti agadziriswe.
  • Tevera zviito kudzivisa kudzokororwa.

Kunyora magwaro kwakakodzera hakungovi chinodikanwa chapamutemo asiwo chishandiso chakakomba chokuratidzira kuzvidavirira.

Kusarudza Kusarudza Kusarudza Kunokanganisa

Kuziva kana kuputsa kwapabonde kuchiparira ngozi kana kuti ngozi huru kunoda kunzvera kwakarongeka, kwakatsikirirwa.

  • [ rudzi rwokuputsa: zvakavanzika, kutendeka, kana kuti kuputsika.
  • Kunyorwa kwemashoko omunhu oga: mapoka chaiwo, mipimo youtsotsi, mashoko emari, vazivi, zvichingodaro.
  • Utsanana hwokuzivisa: kana mashoko acho achinyepedzerwa, asingazivikanwi, kana kuti ari murugwaro rwakajeka.
  • [ Uipi hwemiuyo: bviro yokuba chizivikanwo, kunyengera, rusaruro, kuvadziko yomukurumbira, kurasikirwa nemari, kana kuti kuvadziko yomuviri.
  • Mavara enhau dzemashoko: vana, vakuru vasina dziviriro, vashandi, zvichingodaro.
  • Nhamba yenhau dzemaidi dzakatapurwa.
  • [ Kugadzirwa kwezviyero zvemibato nesangano zvinoderedza ngozi (mutoo, kunyorwa kwamashoko kwakasimba namakiyi akachengetwa zvakaparadzana).

Kunzvera kunofanira kuitwa pahwaro hwenhau nekamusoro. DPC yakataura kuti inotarisira vadzori kukanganisa parutivi rwenyevero: kana pane panikiro ipi neipi pamusoro pokuti kuputsa kwacho kungaguma nengozi here, chiziviso chinofanira kuitwa kuDPC, uye kurangarira kwomukati kunonyorwa.

Matanho Okuva Nebasa

Kuvaka chirongwa chakasimba chedavidzo inzira inobudirira zvikurusa yokusvitsa nayo nguva yamaawa 72 ndokuita zvisarudzo zvekuzivisa zvinogamuchirika. Masangano anofanira kushandisa matanho anotevera:

Gadzirira Kupindura

Gadziriro yedavidzo inofanira kurondedzera mibato nemitoro, zvibvumirano zvekurukurirano, nzira dzokufambisa, uye mutoo nhano nenhano yokuziva, kuva nazvo, kuyera, uye kushuma zviwirirano. Gadziriro yacho inofanira kuedzwa kupfurikidza nokurovedza tafura yenguva dzose uye kuvandudzwa muchiedza chezvidzidzo zvadzidzwa.

Kusarudzwa Mutarisiri Wematai (DPO)

Pasi peChikamu 37 cheGDPR, masangano akawanda muIreland anodikanwa kugadza DPO. Kunyange uko kusati kuri madikanwa, kuva neDPO kana kuti mupurisa akazvitsaurira anenge ari oga kunovandudza zvikuru kukwanisa kwemhinduro inoputsika. DPO inoita senzvimbo yokuonana kweDPC nenhau uye mashoko uye inovimbisa kuti mapunzi anobatwa mutsinhirano nezvinodikanwa zvapamutemo.

Rovedza Vashandi

Vashandirwi vanofanira kurovedzwa kuziva miganhu inobvira uye kuziva nzira yokuishuma nayo. Kupesana kwakawanda kunokurira nemhaka yokuti kunonoka kwevashandi kushuma kana kuedza kugadzirisa chinetso chacho vamene. Rovedzo yegore negore, inosimbiswa nemifananidzo yemari yokushandisa nokungwaririra, inoderedza nguva yokuwana.

Chengeta Ndaza Yakarongwa

Kuziva kuti imashoko api aunovimba nawo, kwaakachengeterwa, uye kuti ndiani anogona kuawana kunokosha kuti ukuru hwekudimburwa nokukurumidza. Kuwanwa kwemashoko enguva ino kunobatsira kuyera nhamba yezvinyorwa zvakatapurwa uye kuziva kuti zvii zvingabvumiraniswa pane zvisina kufanira.

Kushandisa Dziviriro Younyanzvi

Kunyora pazororo uye muchokufambisa, ganhuriro dzakasimba dzokupinda, kusimbisa kwakawanda, uye kugadzira nguva dzose kuderedza bviro yokuputsika uye kunogonawo kuderedza mwero wengozi kana kuputsa kukaitika. Somuenzaniso, kana mashoko kubiwa akanyorwa nearemistry yakasimba uye kiyi yokunyora pabonderwa isina kubvumiranwa pane zvisina kufanira, kuputsa kungarangarirwa kuva kusingabviri mungozi kuvanhu vamwe navamwe, sezvingabvira kudzivisa kudikanwa kweziviso kunhau dzenhau.

Kuongorora Mufambiro Nguva Dzose uye Kuedzwa

Kuongorora kwokuchengetedza kunoitwa nevezvokudzivirira kunoratidza kuti varwisi vasati vavarwisa kunoitawo kuti pave nouchapupu hwokuwirirana neChikamu 32 (kubudirira kwokugadzira zvinhu), icho DPC ingafunga nezvacho pakuongorora. DPC yokuIreland yave ichinyanya kunangidzirwa pakuzvidavirira pane kutsigira kukurumidza kugadzirisa zvinhu.

Kuongorora Nokuvandudza Kuzivisa

Masangano anofanira kuongorora nzira dzaanoshandisa pakuzivisa zvinhu zvinopinda mumvura gore negore, kana kuti pashure pechiitiko chipi nechipi chinokosha, kuti abatanidze nhungamiro itsva inobva kuDPC neEDPB, kuchinja mune zvokugadzirwa kwezvinhu, uye zvidzidzo zvinobva muzviito zvokuita kuti vanhu vatevedzere.

Kubhadharwa Kwekusabvumirana

GDPR inogovera mitsetse miviri yefaindi yokudzora. Nhurikidzwa yakaderera, kusvikira kumamirioni 10 kana kuti 2% echitsauko chenyika yose chegore negore (icho chiri chakakwirira), inoshanda kudzongonyedza misengwa ine chokuita nokuputsa kuzivisa (Mapiri 33 ne 34) pakati pamamwe. Rusarirano rwapamusoro, kusvikira kumamirioni esc20 kana kuti 4% yekuchinja kwepasi pose, runoshanda kunheyo huru dzedziviriro dzemitengo yedata nekodzero. MuIreland, DPC ine simba rokuisa zvakaisvonaka, kurayira, kurayira kwechinguvana kana kuti zvirambidzo zechigarire pakugadzirwa, uye kudikanwa kwegore kwegore negore.

DPC yakaratidzira kudisa kuisa faindi huru nokuda kwokukundikana kuzivisa. Zviitiko zvokuchengetedzwa zvemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi zvinoratidza kuti kunyange kana kupunzika kwacho kwakanga kusiri mhaka yomutarisiri, kukundikana kuzivisa munguva kunogona kuguma nechirango chinokosha. Somuenzaniso, muna 2022, DPC yakapfuudza kambani yamarudzi akawanda nokuda kwokuziviswa kukurumidza kwechakaitika muna 2019. Yakaisvonaka yakaratidzira zvose zviri zviviri kunonoka nokushaikwa kwemiitiro yokudzora yakaganhurirwa kwakakwana.

Kusawirirana kunofumurawo masangano kupfurikidza nenhau dzemashoko angatsvaka muripo nokuda kwechakawanda kana kuti kuvadziko isiri yezvokugadzirwa pasi peChikamu 82 cheGDPR. Kupomera mhaka kwekirasi pamusoro pekuputsanya kwamashoko kuri kuva kwakakurumbira zvikuru muIreland, kuwedzera ngozi yemari nemukurumbira zvisingabviri kudzokororwa.

Kumanikidzwa Nokutungamirirwa Kwenguva Ino

DPC inobudisa kugadziridza kwenhau kwenguva dzose uye zviito zvokudzikamisa panzvimbo yayo yepanounda yayo. Kutevera DP''s chiziviso peji yemashoko painenge yavhurika inogona kubatsira masangano kuramba achiziva nezvezvinotarisirwa zvazvino uno. Mukuwedzera, EDPB inopa mirayiridzo inokuvadza muEU, asi DPC ingapa nhungamiro yayo yowedzera pamativi akati kana kuti pakududzirwa kwe "ngozi huru" mumashoko eIreland.

Nenzira inoshamisa, DPC yakasimbisa ukoshi hwenguva [ yeziviso. Kunyange kunonoka kwamaawa mashomanene anopfuura 72, pasina chikonzero chakanaka, kunogona kutungamirira kukusimbisa. DPC inokarirawo kuti ziviso yokutanga, kunyange isina kukwana, inoitwa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira uye kuti mashoko anodikanwa anopiwa muzvikamu, panzvimbo pokumirira kunzvera kwakazara pamberi pokuonana neDPC.

Mumwe musoro unodzokororwa muDPC kukundikana kunyora mufungo wokusazivisa nhau dzenhau. Vatarisiri vanowanzotaura kuti ngozi yacho yakanga yakaderera asi haigoni kuparira nzvero yengozi panguva imwe cheteyo. DPC inorangarira ikoku sokuputswa kwenheyo yokuzvidavirira uye ingaisa faindi kunyange kana chisarudzo chokuzivisa chakanga chisina kururama pakupedzisira.

Kurangarira Kwesekete

Kurapwa

Mashoko outano iboka chairo pasi peChikamu 9 cheGDPR, chine dziviriro yokuwedzera mumutemo weIreland. Kubatanidza kubatanidza marekodhi ezvokurapa kunodokurangarirwa kuva ngozi huru nguva dzose nemhaka yokuziva mashoko uye bviro yerusaruro, nyadzi, kana kuti nhamo yendangariro. Vatarisiri vezvoutano vanofanira kuva nemiitiro yakasimba namapoka ezvepachivande akatsaurirwa. H. Service Provice (HSE) ine hofisi yayo inodzivirira, uye DPC yakabatira pamwe chete neH.Heal Information and Security Authority (HIQA) pakunzvera kwapaza.

Masangano Ezvemari

Mabhangi, mainsurensi, uye makambani anotakura mashoko akawanda emari anokwezva matsotsi. Central Bank yeIreland inoisawo zvinodikanwa zvayo amene zvokushuma munhungamiro dzeEuropean Banking Authority, idzo dzinowirirana neziviso yeGDPR. Masangano ari muchikamu ichi anofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti anogona kusvitsa zvose zviri zviviri nhevedzano yemisiano yemari. DPC neCentral Bank angatsinhiranisa kunzvera mumhaka dzakakomba.

Vari Kupa Mashoko Nevanobatsira Pakombiyuta

EPrivacy Directive (sezvinoitwa nemirau yeIreland) inoda zvirongwa zvemibato yekurukurirano yemagetsi kuzivisa DPC yechinoitika chipi nechipi chechengeteko chinobatanidza mashoko omunhu oga. Iyi mhesano neidzodzo asi hadzifanani nechiziviso cheGDPR. Makambani eTelecommunication anofanirawo kuzivisa vanyoresi kana pane ngozi yakati yokuputsa. DPC inotarisira kuti aya makambani ave nedavidzo chaiyo inogona kubata zvinodikanwa zviviri zvokudzo.

Mitumbi Yavose

Zviremera zvehurumende nematare zvinozviisa pasi pezvitupa zvokuzivisa zvakafanana semasangano emunhu oga. Zvisinei, zvingavawo nemisengwa pasi peFreedom of Information Act neAccustom Secrets Act. DPC ine mukoto chaiwo wemibatanidzwa yehurumende. National Cyber Security Center (NCSC) yeIreland inopa dzimwe nhungamiro uye ingaziviswa nezvokukanganisa kukuru kunokanganisa mabasa avose.

mhedziso

Kunzwisisa nokunamatira kukusawirirana kwemifungo yeIreland inoshuma zvinodikanwa pasi peGDPR neData Protection Act 2018 hakusi kungoitawo zvako; rutivi runokosha rwokudzivirira kodzero dzevanhu dzakavanzika. Maawa 72 okuzivisa kuDPC, musengwa wokuzivisa nhau apo ngozi huru iripo, uye chinodikanwa kunyora kuraira kuraira kuraira kwechinodikanwa chiri chose nechinhu chinosanosavapo. Gadziriro inopinza mumiitiro yakajeka, rovedzo yenguva dzose, rovedzo yezvounyanzvi, uye tsika yokuzvidavirira haisati ichizosvitsa bedzi mabasa avo apamutemo asi ichavakawo chivimbo navatengi, vashandi, uye vadzori vadzori. Sezvinopfuurira kurota, mutengo wedariro yechakanaka, &12; mukurumbira wakaisvonaka, uye &8; kuzviisa pasi mumitengo.