Kuchinja - chinja Kwekuchengeteka Kwezvirongwa Zvevatambi

Perero yesarudzo inoumba mavambo ekudzora kwehurumende yehurumende. Sezvo tyisidziro kugadziriro dzevhota dzinowedzera kuva dzakaisvonaka dzinobatanidza utachiona hwekombiyuta, kubvisa purogiramu dzekombiyuta, uye kukanganisa zvinhu zvomuviri muUnited States zvakashandisa nzira dzinowedzera kudzivirira nzvimbo dzose dzekuvhota. Kuchengeteka kwegadziriro yeSangano hakusi unyanzvi kana kuti muitiro mumwe; inzvimbo ine zvinhu zvakawanda zvinobatanidza michina yokuvhota, kunyoresa, mapepa okunyoresa, mafashoni epashure pekuvhotera, mitemo yeSarudzo yakagadzirirwa, uye masangano omunhu akarovedzwa. Nepo pasina muitiro usingachinjiki zvakakwana, mubatanidzwa wemiitiro unoratidza kuti unopa dziviriro kwakasimba. Kunzvera uku kwakakwana kunoitwa sei kudzivirira, zvinetso zvinoramba kuoneka kuti kudzivirira, uye kugadzirirwa kudzivirira kukurusa.

Magoridhi Ekuchengetedza Nhumbu Dzazvino Uno

Kunzwisisa kuchengeteka kwesarudzo kunoda kuongorora zvinhu zvinokosha izvo, pamwe chete, zvinoita kuti pave negadziriro yokusarudza yakasimba.

Zvinyorwa zvepepa zvakasimbiswa

Mapepa anoramba ari mupimo wendarama nokuda kwechengeteko yasarudzo. Zvinogovera chinyorwa chapanyika, chinoongororwa icho chinogona kunzverwa mukurwisana nemagetsi. Chinenge hurumende iri yose zvino inoda mukoto wepepa, zvimwe kupfurikidza namapepa anonyorwa namaoko kana kuti zvimwe midziyo yokutsikirira inobudisa mupimo wepepa rinovhotanwa (VPAT). Ikoku kunovimbisa kuti kunyange kana purogiramu yekombiyuta ikasaidzwa, chinyorwa chaicho chiripo nokuda kwokunyora nokunyora.

2. Kuongorora Zvinhu Zvakagara Zviripo uye Kunyatsoratidza Kuti Zvakarurama

Vakuru vakuru vanoongorora mapepa okuongorora nemichina, vanoongorora kuti zvinonzi zvinobatanidzwa hazvichinji, uye vanoona kuti zvinhu zvose zvakachengeteka.

Mitemo yePurefu yeSarudzo

Mitengo inonzvera icherekedzo yakakomba pamuuyo wesarudzo. Chinobudirira zvikurusa kunyora mipimo yengozi yengozi (RLA), iyo inoshandisa mitoo yenhamba kunzvera zvisarudzo zvepepa. Kana kunzvera kusimbisa muuyo wakashumwa, miuyo inomira; kana kusati, kuwanda kwekusvika vakuru vakuru vakuru vakuva nechivimbo mumuuyo. Masangano anoverengeka zvino anoraira RLA nokuda kweanenge makwikwi, nepo mamwe anoita mapikicha egamuchidzanwa anoenzanisa ukoshiyo yemichina inoisa ukoshiyo yechitsamachikamu chakatemwa.

4. Kubudirira Kwezvinyorwa Zvemabhuku Anonyorwa Nemabhuku

Gadziriro dzokunyoresa dzinonyanyodiwa nevadenhi vanotsvaka kurasha vavhoti kana kuti kushayisa mvura. Mitemo inoshandisa kusimbisa kwamativi mazhinji ebasa, kuongorora kwechikwata, kuongorora nguva dzose, uye kunyora mashoko okudzivirira manyuko anonyorwa. Vakawanda vanoitawo kuedza kupinda nokutora mashoko mupurogiramu dzinobatanidza Cybersecurity and Insculature Security Agency (CISA).

5. Kuchengeteka Kwomuviri uye Kuchengeteka Kwousungwa

Kubva pakuchengeta mabhora kusvikira kuzvokufambisa kuenda kukufambisa, miitiro yecheni yetsoro yakaoma iri madikanwa. Zvidhinha zvinoiswa pachena, makamera anoongorora, uye mitemo miviri inozivikanwa. Vashandi vanoshambadzira vanorovedzwa kuchengetedza midziyo uye vanoshuma upi noupi.

Nyika Nenzira yeState Kunzvera Matanho Echengeteko

Pasi apa pane kuongorora kune udzame kwakaita kuti nyika dzinoverengeka dzigadzirire nzira dzadzakaita nadzo, dzichivakira pamienzaniso yepakutanga uye dzichiwedzera mamwe maonero.

California: Mutungamiriri Mumishumo Yenhau Yengozi Nokuwanwa

California yagadza shoo yakakwirira yechengeteko yesarudzo nemubatanidzwa wemirairo yemitemo nemiitiro itsva. Hurumende inoda gadziriro dzose dzokuvhota kuti dziite chinyorwa chepepa, uye chifo cha 2019, yakaita masvomhu engozi nokuda kwesarudzo dzose. Ma Sarudzo anokurudzirwawo kushandisa [ kunyora muchina wokutsvaka [[FLT:] kuti upe vota] nguva chaiyo yokuchinja paposi yavo. Muna 2021, hurumende inotanga Chisarudzo che [[FLT:], icho chinoitwa kupfurikidza nokutanga nzvimbo dzokuvhotera nokuvhotera nokuvhota apo inochengeta kunzvera, kubatanidza kusaina kwakakomba.

Mativi Echengeteko Huru muCalifornia

  • Mapepa anosungirwa kuti aitwe nenzira dzose dzokuvhota.
  • Kuongorora njodzi yepanyika yose kunoitwa pamakwikwi ose enyika, uye zvinobuda paIndaneti zvinoguma zvaitika.
  • Mabhuku anonyoresa zvinhu zvemagetsi anoramba achiongororwa uye anoongororwa pagore.
  • Gadziriro dzose dzokuvhota dzinofanira kupupurirwa noMunyori weHurumende pashure pokukunda kunzvera kwehurumende nehurumende.
  • Maemvuropu etsamba anobatanidza unicode [ nokuda kwokufora nokurevesa.

Texas: Kusimbisa Makambani Anofamba Nepepa Nerovedzo Yokurovedza

Texas yakanangidzira ngwariro pakusimbisa nhepfenyuro yayo yokuvhota kupfurikidza nechiito chemitemo nerovedzo. Pashure pekuvhota 2020, dare rakapfuudza Bill 1, iyo yakatanga murairo mutsva. Michina yose yokuvhota inofanira zvino kubudisa nzira yokunzvera yepepa, uye hurumende yakashandisa zvikuru mukurovedza vakuru vakuru vesarudzo pamiitiro yekombiyuta yakanakisisa. Kuwedzera, Texas inoitisa kunzvera kwechengeteko kwapanhambo nenhambo yegadziriro dzayo dzokuvhota uye yakavamba DEcust Security Station Stask Force [

Mativi Echengeteko Huru muTexas

  • Michina yokutumira inofanira kugovera mukoto wepepa unosarudzwa (VVPAT).
  • Vakuru vakuru vezvirongwa zvokusarudza vanofanira kupedza rovedzo yepakombiyuta yegore negore yakapupurirwa noMunyori weHurumende.
  • Kuongorora kwapashure pekusarudzwa kwemapepa kunoenzanisa mapepa nemapepa anobudiswa pakombiyuta.
  • Mapepa okunyoresa evoter akabatanidzwa neDhipatimendi reSafety reTexas nokuda kwokugadzira zvinhu zvinogadzirwa panguva chaiyo uye kubiridzira.
  • Vaoni vanobvumirwa kushambadza vane mitemo yakajeka kuti vachengetedze kurongeka uye kuti vadzivise kutyisidzirwa.

Florida: Kuongorora Zvirongwa uye Kunyora Tsamba

Pashure pemagakava evhotaro 2000, Florida yazova mutungamiriri mukutarisirwa kwesarudzo nechengeteko. Nyika inoda kuti gadziriro dzose dzokuvhota dzipupurire neFlorida Division of Evolutions, uye inoshandisa yavose] gadziriro yokuvhota [ inobhadharwa nguva dzose nokuda kwokururama. Florida inoitawo zvinyorwa zvekuvhota zvinobatanidza zvose zviri zviviri kuverenga kwebhuku repepa uye kuenzanisa kuhwerengedzo yemichina. Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, hurumende yakagovera mari inokosha yokukwidziridza zvishandiso zvokuvhotera nokuvandudza kukura, kubatanidza kugamuchirwa kwo [[FLT:] kupera kumashoko [FFFF:3] nokuda kwokupfuunika kwakati. Florida yakashumwa kwakakurumbira nokuda kwokuoneka kwemiteverwa kwamashoko.

Zvikamu Zvechengeteko Huru muFlorida

  • Gadziriro dzose dzokuvhota dzinofanira kupupurirwa nokuda kwechengeteko nokururama dzisati dzashandiswa.
  • Kuongorora kwapashure pekusarudzwa kunosanganisira kuverengwa kwemapepa epepa mudzimba dzakasarudzwa pasina kurongwa.
  • Mipimo yokupinda kwegadziriro inobatanidza kukamukana kwegadziriro yegadziriro, kubatwa, uye kuedzwa kwenguva dzose.
  • Mashoko okunyoresa evoter anoongororwa nemotokari uye madhaibhurari eSocial Security.
  • Nzvimbo dzokuvhota dzapakuvamba dzinodikanwa kuva nesimba rokudzichengeta ndokuchengetwa midziyo yokuvhotera.

Michigan: Mapepa uye Robust Aongorora

Michigan yabuda somuenzaniso wechengeteko yesarudzo ine ngwariro pakuoneka nokujeka. Pashure pepurogiramu yendege inobudirira muna 2020, nyika zvino inoda michina yose yokuvhota kuti ipedze pepa iro rinogona kuverengwa. Michigan inoitawo mifungo yokufunga nokunzvera kwengozi yakarairwa nokuda kwesarudzo yose yehurumende yakatanga muna 20222, uye hurumende yakaisa miuyo yokuvhota munyika yose ine nzvero yechengeteko yakavakwa. Michigan anoshandawo nechekero dzechiteshi chapapepa. Nzvero yemiedzo nenjero dzakarurama nenzvero dzehurumende [[[FLT] uye kunyora miuyo yokunzvera paIndaneti reHurumende yeToucio.

Mativi Echengeteko Huru muMichigan

  • 100% gadziriro yamapepa okuvhota isina michina yakananga yemagetsi (DRE) pasina gwara repepa.
  • Kuongorora njodzi kunoitwa mumakwikwi ose enyika.
  • Mabhuku anonyoresa maratabhu ejeta anoedzwa nguva dzose nokuongorora kukanganisa kwazvinoita uye kuongorora kunoitwa kunze.
  • Vakuru vakuru vehurumende vanodzidzira kuchengetedza pakombiyuta pamberi pesarudzo imwe neimwe.
  • Gadziriro yokunyora matsamba inopa mamiriro enguva chaiyo kuvavhoti.

Pennsylvania: Kushanda kwemazuva ano kwainyanya Kudiwa uye Kudzidziswa

Pennsylvania yakaita nhano dzinokosha kugadziridza gadziriro yayo yokuvhota. Mumurairo wa2019, zviverengero zvose zvakadikanwa kutenga gadziriro dzokuvhota idzo dzinobudisa chinyorwa chepepa. Hurumende yakarairawo kunzvera kwapashure pekuvhota nokuda kwesarudzo iri yose, kunyange zvazvo iyi iri chiverengero chemipimo yegamuchidzanwa yemitauro panzvimbo pengozi. Muna 2022, Pennsylvania yakatanga Vathoting System Clatem Program[ inobatanidza kunzvera kune simba. Mukuwedzera, hurumende inogovera rovedzo huru nokuda kwevaradziro nokuda kwevara vatongi veruwa navashandi veIT, , kurukurirano yakadai sepishzizivikaro, chengeteko, nharaunda yechinoitika. [FLT:].U.[FF]

Mativi Echengeteko Huru muPennsylvania

  • Masangano ose okuvhota anofanira kubatanidza chinyorwa chepepa chinosimbiswa.
  • Nzvero dzepashure pechisarudzo dzinoitwa munzvimbo iri yose, nemiuyo ichibudiswa.
  • Vakuru vakuru vezvirongwa zvekusarudza vanopedza kurovedzwa kwokusatya pakombiyuta kwakatangwa naCISA nehurumende.
  • Mashoko okunyoresa evoter akabatanidzwa neDhipatimendi Rezvokufambisa rePennsylvania nokuda kwokuona kuti zvinhu zvakanyatsofamba sei.
  • Nzvimbo dzokushamba nadzo dzinodiwa kuti dzive neInternet yakachengeteka uye kuti dzisabatwa nenjodzi.

Georgia: Zvidzidzo Kumipimo Yeboka Rapamusoro Ramarudzi Akawanda

Rwendo rweGeorgia rwokudzivirira ganda rwakanzverwa zvikuru, kuchitungamirira ku chinjo huru. Hurumende zvino inoshandisa gadziriro yapasi yose yemiitiro inoisa chiratidzo chemapepa (BMD) iyo inobudisa pepa. Nepo ikoku kwakamutsa gakava pamusoro pechengeteko yeBMDs inopesana nepepa rakanyorwa namaoko, Georgia yabatanidza ruzivo rwake nokunzvera nokuvhota. Georgia inodawo kubhajeta [[[FLT: 0]] purofiti yepepa rinodzikama[ nokuda kwokukwikwidzana kutenderera kumwe namamwe mabhiriji, uye mutemo unoita kuti michina yose inovhotera ipinde mukuedza. Munyori weHurumende yeHurumende yashandisa [[FLD]

Mativi Echengeteko Huru muGeorgia

  • Michina yokudhinda bhora inobudisa pepa rinovhoterwa risati radhindwa.
  • Kuongorora njodzi kunoitwa nokuda kwemarudzi akasarudzwa.
  • Mapepa okunyoresa emabhuku anoongororwa nguva dzose nokuda kwezvinyorwa zvakakopwa kana kuti zvisina kururama.
  • Vashandi vose vesarudzo vanorovedzwa pamitemo yechengeteko nenhevedzano yekodzero yokuchengeta mwana.
  • Mapepa okusaina anoda kusaina mashoko echokwadi uye anogona kuongororwa paIndaneti.

Ohio: Muenzaniso Une Kudzora Kwenzvimbo Kwako

Kuchengeteka kwevhoti yeOhio kunotsamira panzira inodzorwa zvakanaka noudzori hwenzvimbo yenhare. Hurumende inoda michina yose yokuvhota kubudisa chinyorwa chepepa nebvunzo yorusarudzo muruwa rwose. Ohio inoshandisawo shopu inonyoresa vhotera yapasi necheki dzinodzorwa. Rutiviso rwakasiyana ndi [[FLT:]] OIOF SEcureAT[[FLT:]] [[FLT]]] [FLT]] [1], iyo inotarisira mipimo yechengeteko neyakaita chiito kuzviitiko. Hurumende yavesaipira mu [[FLT:]

Zvikamu Zvechengeteko Huru muOhio

  • Chinodikanwa chepepa chegadziriro dzose dzokuvhota.
  • Nzvero dzepashure pekusarudzwa dzakahwirudzurwa noMunyori wehofisi yeHurumende.
  • Mapoka esarudzo eruwa anofanira kunzvera chengeteko gore negore.
  • Ruwaro rwezvinyoreso zvevoter rwemitsetse yezvinyorwa zveBMV namamwe masangano ehurumende.
  • Rovedzo yomushandi wezvokushambadza inobatanidza kuziva chengeteko nemiitiro yokuzvidzivirira nayo.

Miitiro Yakanakisisa Nemabhizimisi Akanaka

Kunyange zvazvo zvibvumirano zvichichinja, miitiro yakanakisisa yakatanga inotsigirwa zvikuru nenyanzvi dzemasarudzo nevakuru vakuru vesarudzo. CISA Evolution Security inogovera nhungamiro idzo nyika dzakawanda dzinotevera, kubatanidza kuitwa kwe CIS Control[ nokuda kwezvirongwa zvesarudzo.

  • [ yakavakirwa paPaper, inobvumikisa gadziriro dzokuvhota kuti igovere chinyorwa chinoongororwa.
  • [[Nhamba: 0] Mitemo yekunzvera yemakombiyuta secheki inoshanda zvikurusa pamiuyo yemagetsi.
  • [ Utsanana hwechinetso [[[FT:1] hwakadai sekusimbisa zvinhu zvakawanda, kunama, uye kuongorora chikwata.
  • Kuedza kusarudzwa[ uye zvudziro dzechisarudzo [ kuva nechokwadi chorurama nechengeteko.
  • ROBUst shopu yevhota shopu yezvisakiso zvepepa yepepa yevhoti[[FL:1] ine mapikicha enguva dzose nokuwana kwokuona.
  • Kugoverana mashoko [ nomunzvimbo dzeEI-ISAC nehurumende.
  • [ dzidzo yePublic nokujeka kuvaka chivimbo chomuvhoti.

EC inogovera [[FLT:] gadziriro yokuedza nokunyora pamutemo [ iyo inogadza mipimo yorudzi. Hurumende dzinogamuchira gadziriro dzinosimbiswa dzeEAC dzinobetserwa nokuedza kwakaoma nokuda kwechengeteko nokushanda. Kuwedzera, [[FLT:] Amereka (HATA) Act [[KAVT:5] ya2002] yakagovera mari yehurumende yokuvandudza masangano okuvhotera, uye maapprori akatevera dzakapfuurira kutsigira kuchengeteka.

Zvinetso Zvinoramba Zvichingoramba Zvichingoramba Zvichinetsa

Pasinei zvapo nefambiro mberi, denho huru dzichiripo. Nyika zhinji dzichiri kushanda nemidziyo yokukwegura ingava yakaoma kuchengetedza kana kuti isina nzira yepepa. Mari yokuvandudza kazhinji kazhinji inopesana uye inodzorwa nenhambo dzezvamatongerwe enyika. Sarudzo ya2020 yakava nefungu rekusarudzirwa kwakatanhamara kwakaparira vakuru vakuru vesarudzo nokushatiswa kwechivimbo.

Chimwe denho i [[FT:0] chisakiso chavanhu. Nepo rovedzo yakavandudzika, uwandu hukuru hwavashandi vevhotaro (8) vazhinji vavo vazvipiri (55) miganhu yokuti mitemo yechengeteko yakasimba bedzi seyakaoma zvikuru. Mitemo, zvose zviri zviviri njodzi netsaona, inoramba iri itiro hanya. Pakupedzisira, zvinovhura nokukurumidza tyisidziro dzinochinja[[[ dzakadai sequantam combution na IUIP-gener inoda kuchinjirwa kwenguva dzose. Somuenzaniso, zvirongwa zvakaisvonaka vhishingi zvingagona kuisa tsororororo zvikuru namaemail anorovedza.

Kutarira Mberi: Nguva Yemberi Yechengeteko Yenyuko

Nguva yemberi yechengeteko yesarudzo iri mubatira pamwe inopfuuridzirwa pakati penyika, masangano ehurumende, uye zvirongwa zvemitengo. CISA’s Suctification Security Initive inotopa kunzvera kwapachena kwengozi, kunzvera, uye mabasa ezvinoitika kuhofisi dzehurumende nedzomunharaunda. Kutambanudzira aya mapurogiramu angagona kubetsera mativi maduku nezviwanikwa zvakaganhurirwa. Mukuwedzera, ruzivo rutsva rwakadai se [[FLTY:2] bloctchain-rection-rection, [ iri kuongororwa, kunyange zvazvo zvichiramba zvichimutsa nharo nokusarudzwa nokuda kwezvisaruso zvikuru.

Hurumende dziri kufambirawo ku yose kuwanika kwemitengo ine muganhu wengozi kunopfuurira kutsigira mipimo yehurumende yakasimba zvikuru nemari. Sezvinoitawo tyisidziro, zvaifanira kutsamira pamazano akachengeteka, anopenya, uye anotevedzerwa. Mienzaniso inoiswa nemitemo yakafanana neCalifornia, Michigan, neFlorida inoratidzira kuti nerovedzo yemari, uye chengeteko inogona kusimbiswa zvikuru pasina kubvumiranisa pamutemo.

Masangano anogona kuramba achichengetedza kuperera kwevhoti dzose nokugoverana miitiro yakanakisisa, kuisa zvinhu zvinokosha muzvivako, uye kuramba achiisa njodzi dziri kumuka, asi anogona kuramba achichengetedza kuperera kwevavhoti vose.