Nei Kuongorora Mashoko Kuchikosha Iye Zvino Kupfuura Kare

Democracy inotsamira pavagari vemo vanogona kuita zvisarudzo zvokurangarira pamusoro pemiitiro, vatungamiriri, uye nhau dzavose. Kunyange zvakadaro mamiriro amashoko emiitiro akaita kuti basa guru rive rakaoma kupfuura nakare kose. Mishproject ipararira nokukurumidza kupfuura kushuma kweidi, maarustration anotipa zvinhu zvinosimbisa zvitendero zvedu, uye munhu upi noupi anogona kubudisa chinhu chipi nechipi paIndaneti chine mutoro. Migumisiro yacho ndeyechokwadi: kutaura kwenhema pamusoro pekuvhotera kuderedza chivimbo mugadziriro dzokuvhota, mashoko outano anoita kuti vanhu varambe kurapa kwakabvumikiswa, uye kupesana kwenhau dzinosimbisa kupesana kwenzanga.

[[FLT:]] [FLT] [FLT]] Anogona kuongorora mashoko okusaririra mashoko nenzira inovava nechetura, uye kuisa mashoko anodiwa nevoruzhinji, haisati iri chinhu chinova chinodikanwa navanhu vose. Kana vanhu vachitonga kutyirwa.

Mafashoni Anotanga Kugadzirwa Kuti Aonekwe

Usati wapinda muzvishandiso zvakati, kunobetsera kushandisa mutoo wakarongeka wokuyera nawo chidimbu chipi nechipi chamashoko. Magadziriro maviri anoshandiswa zvikuru anopa muitiro unoshanda panhano nenhano ungave uri kurava nhau, nzvimbo yesociation, kana kuti fundo yesayenzi.

Kuedza KweCRAAP

Yakakudziridzwa navatarisiri veraibhurari paCalifornia State University Chico, nzvero yeCRAAP inobvunza mibvunzo mishanu pamusoro pamanyuko:

  • [[FT:0] Kutsiviwa: Mashoko acho akabudiswa rini kana kuti akapedzwazve here?
  • [ Revisence: Mashoko acho anopindura zvakananga mubvunzo wako kana kuti kudikanwa kwako here?
  • [[FLT: 0] Ukuru [[[FLT: 1]: Ndiani akahunyora kana kuti kubudisa?
  • Accurity: Mashoko acho anotsigirwa noufakazi here? Anogona kusimbiswa mumamwe manyuko akavimbika? Kune zvibvumikiso kana kuti nongedzero here?
  • [[[FURT:0] Purpose: Mashoko aya aripo neiko? Kuzivisa, kunyengetedza, kuvaraidza, kana kuti kutengesa chimwe chinhu here?

Kuongorora CRAAP kunopa nzira yakarongwa yokuongorora nayo mawebsite, mameseji, uye nyaya dzinobva kune dzimwewo nzvimbo.

Nzira Yokushandisa

Mike Caulfield, musayendisiti anonzvera paUniversity yeWashington, akagadzira mutoo wakawanda wakananga unonzi SIFT, wakagadzirirwa mhoteredzo yapaIndaneti inokurumidza kupera.

  • [ pamusoro. Usati wagoverana kana kuti kudavira mashoko, mira uzvibvunze kana uchiziva kwakabva mashoko acho nomukurumbira wawo.
  • I batanidza manyuko. Tarira muparidzi, munyori, kana kuti sangano. Mamwe manyuko akavimbika anotii pamusoro pouvimbiko hwavo? Cherechedza Wkipedias, Media/Fact, kana kuti kunzvera kwakapfava kweGoogle nezita rapanobva pa “bias” kana kuti“ kuoma.”
  • F inofukidza zviri nani. Panzvimbo pokuyera kutaura kwapakuvamba zvakananga, tsvaka kushuma kwokuvimba pamusoro mumwe chetewo. Masangano makuru enhau, masangano ehurumende, kana kuti masangano edzidzo anowanzogovera nhau yakavimbika zvikuru.
  • T zvinotaura, kunokora mashoko, uye zvinobudisa nhau kumashoko apakuvamba. Mavhairasi akawanda anobvisa udzame hunokosha. Wana fundo yapakuvamba, vhidhiyo, kana kuti tsikirira kubudisa kunzvera kana kutaura kwacho kwakavhiringidzwa.

ZVIMWE zvinonyanya kushanda munhau, zvinobudisa mashoko zvinopa zvokudya, uye zvinotumira mashoko.

Maturusi Anoshanda Okuongorora

Kupfuura zvinhu zvinoshandiswa, midziyo yemagetsi inogona kukukurumidzisa uye kurodza kuyera kwako.

Mawebsite Anoongorora Chokwadi

Masangano anoongorora chokwadi anoongorora kutaura kwevhairasi, zvematongerwo enyika, uye nhau dzenhau. Anogovera chiverengero chinokuita kuti kuve nyore kuona kana kutaura kuri kwechokwadi, kwenhema, kana kuti kunotsausa. Mabasa okutungamirira anobatanidza:

  • [[[ITSOKA] Snopes[[[CV]]
  • FACTC.org
  • [[[ITS. 0] POLITIFACT[[CHOKA]
  • Kuongorora Chokwadi uye Kuongorora Mashoko Ereut

Vachekeri vakawanda vemaidi vanoshandisawo “kunzvera chaikoiko” kunzvera pazvikuva zvakadai seGoogle. Kunzvera zvinonyorwa mumanokora mashoko kunowanzounza nyaya yedikanwo kana yakanzverwa.

Zviwanikwa Zvezvinobudisa Nhau

Kunzwisisa mirangariro yezvamatongerwe enyika nemipimo yokubudisa nhau zvinokubatsira kugadziridza rusaruro. Nzvimbo dzakafanana ne Media Bias/Fact Cheki neAllSides divices pafolces nenhevedzo dzemazita zvediviti redirect. Nepo pasina giramu rekuyera rakakwana, maturusi aya anogovera nzvimbo inobetsera yokutanga kunzvera kuvimbika kwemanyuko.

Zvinyorwa Zvinodzidziswa uye Zvinoratidza

Nokuda kwekutaura kuti dudza fundo kana kuti zviverengero, enda zvakananga kukunzvera kwawaonazve. Google Schoogle.com, PubMud (kuitira sayenzi dzoutano nedzeupenyu), uye JSTOR ipfungwa dzakaisvonaka dzokutangira. Kana usingagoni kuwana pepa rakazara, tsvaka zvinyorwa kana kuti mashoko kubva kumasangano ane mukurumbira akadai seNational Academies of Sciences, Engingniering, and Medicine.

Masuo Edzidziyo Dzeshopu uye Mashandiro Okutsvaka

Zvikamu zvakadai seMa NewsGuard (zvinowanika nokuda kweChrome, Firefox, Ever, and Safari) zvinoratidza kuisa chaunga pedyo newebsite dzenhau. Zvimwe midziyo zvakadai se News Literacy Project’s Reclationology[] chikuva chinogovera zvidzidzo zvokubatsira pakutsanangura unyanzvi hwokuyera. Kushandura mifananidzo (Google Ifanidzo kana kuti Tineye) kunogona kuronda mashoko apakuvamba epikichato kana kuti vhidhiyo, kuratidza kana yakachinjwa kana kuti yakashaidzwa.

Zvirongwa Zvakakura Zvokusimbisa Zvakadzama

Kana munhu achifunga kuti haachafungiri asi kukurumidza kuongorora chokwadi hakuchigadzirisi, shandisa unyanzvi uhwu hwakakwirira.

Kurava Kwapashure

Panzvimbo pokurava nyaya yauri kuyera, mapepa matsva okudzidza pamusoro pomuparidzi, munyori, uye manyuko makuru avanodudza. Kurava kwokupedzisira inzira inonzverwa namaidi anoshandiswa. Somuenzaniso, kana website ichitaura kuti inoshuma “budiriro dzesayenzi,” kuzarura tabhu yokunzvera mari yenzvimbo yewebsite, dare ravapepeti venhau, uye chinyorwa chenhau. Cherechedza kana sangano riri boka resayenzi rapamutemo kana kuti boka rapamberi.

Kudzorera mufananidzo nevhidhiyo pedo

Chifananidzo chinoshandiswa chinogona kuchinja revo yenhau. Shandisa Google Images, Tineye, kana Yandex kunzvera mufananidzo kuisa mufananidzo kana kuti tsiva URL yawo. Zviwanwa zvokutsvaka zvicharatidza apo mufananidzo wacho wakaoneka kare, kazhinji kazhinji kuzivisa mashoko awo apakuvamba. Mavhidhiyo, maturusi akaita seYouTube Data Viener (Kubva ku Amnesty International) anobvisa kutsikinyidzira kwokudzokera shure nokuisa misi.

Kunzvera Mawebsite Navanyori

Shandisa database yeWHOIS (nzvimbo dzakafanana newhoois.domaintools.com) kuona apo nzvimbo yakanyoreswa uye iri yayo. Nzvimbo duku zvikuru yenzvimbo inozviti idivi renhau dzakaitwa kwenguva refu mureza mutsvuku. Nokuda kwavanyori, tsvaka zita ravo pamwe chete nezvirevo zvavo. Tsvakai rondedzero dzedzidzo, mawebsite omushandirwi, kana kuti zvinyorwa munzvimbo dzinovimbwa zvakanaka. Kana mukawana bedzi manyuko anozvibudisa kana kuti maakaunzi, bata mashoko acho nokungwarira.

Kunzwisisa Mazano Okuzviongorora

Kunyange zvazvo uchiita zvinhu zvakanaka, uropi hwedu hunogona kutitsausa.

  • Kusimbisa rusaruro[: Chimiro chendangariro chokutsvaka ndokudavira mashoko anobvumikisa zvitendero zviripo. Gadzirisa kupfurikidza nokurava namaune manyuko anodenha mirangariro yako uye kupfurikidza nokuzvibvunza umene, “Ufakazii hungachinja ndangariro yangu?”
  • shanje yekuvadziko[[FLT: 1]: Kurangarira bviro yezvinoitika zvakavakirwa pamafungire ari nyore kurangarira. Nhau inokatyamadza pamusoro poutsotsi husingawanzoitiki ingakuita kuti ufunge kuti hwakarovedzeka. Kuipokana kupfurikidza nokutsvaka mashoko ezviverengero panzvimbo pezvisakiso.
  • [[FFLT:0] Devorcer: Kurangarira zvikuru zivo yako umene panhau. Rekogniesa kuyera mashoko kunoda kuzvininipisa. Kana ukadzidza zvakawanda pamusoro penhau, ungaziva kuti yakawanda sei yausingazivi.
  • Tsika dzinopinza[: kuvimba zvikuru nechikamu chokutanga chamashoko chakawanwa (chibatiso). Pakunzvera kutaura, vamba nokunzvera kwokuzvimirira panzvimbo pemashoko asingakanganwiki zvikurusa.

Nzira yokugadzirisa nayo kusasarura uku haisi yokubvisa rusaruro asi ndeyokuita kuti pave netsika dzinoita kuti kusava nesimba kuve nepesvedzero yakwo, sekungozvidzora usati waudzana, kutsvaka maonero akasiyana - siyana, uye kushandisa zvikamu zvinoongorora.

Basa Rezvinobudisa Mashoko Nemitemo Yenzanga

Mapepa akaita seFacebook, Twitter, Tik Tok, uye YouTube akagadzirirwa kukurudzira kuvimbisana, kwete kururama. Maarobhoti azvo asati anyorwa anonyandura mirangariro yakasimba, nemhaka yokuti izvozvo zvinochengeta vanoshandisa vachipeta. Mixprognome inowanzoshandisa izvi kupfurikidza nemisoro yenhau inonyandura, mutauro unokamuranisa, uye kurumidziro yenhema.

Makamuri eenjiso anoumbwa kana rati yemitemo ichikudyisa, zvakafanana nezvawakanga waita nazvo kare. Kubudamo:

  • Tevedzera nhoroondo kubva mumaonero akasiyana - siyana ezvematongerwo enyika uye etsika achiri kuenderana nezvaanoda.
  • Shandisa “mutezo” kana kuti“ bhiriti” kuti uderedze kuva pedyo kwako navatambi vakashata vanozivikanwa.
  • Tsvaka mashoko anokosha: mawebsite ehurumende, magazini anoongororwazve nevezera rako, uye mashoko akananga anobva kumasangano kana kuti nyanzvi.
  • Vakawanda vava kunyora mashoko anotaurwa nezvinobudisa nhau kana kuti kutaura kwemagakava, kunyange zvazvo vasingawanzobati zvinhu zvose.

Somuenzaniso, kutsvaga kwaTwitter kunokupawo zvokushandisa pakuchengetedza zvinhu, kunyora mashoko, uye kunyora mashoko eakaundi zvinogona kukubatsira kuwana mashoko okutanga kana kuti kuongorora kana kabhuku kakaiswa panzvimbo yazvo.

Kudzidzisa Kudzidza Mashoko Muzera Rekunyora Nokunyora

Vadzidzisi vanofanira kudzidza kwete chete kushandisa Internet, asi kuti vangasarudza sei zvavanowana. Nzvero inobva muStanford History Education Group yakaratidza kuti vadzidzi vakawanda vanotamburira kusiyanisa kushambadza nenhau, kutsigirwa nokushuma kwokuzvimirira, uye kutsigira mashoko anoparadzirwa kubva mumashoko anoparadzirwa.

Nzira dzinobudirira dzokudzidzisa dzinosanganisira:

  • Nzvero yakadzikatidzwa muzvidzidzo: Panzvimbo pechidzidzo chakajeka, shandisa kunzvera manyuko apo vadzidzi vanonzvera musoro upi noupi(sayenzi), nhau, magariro.
  • Shandisa mienzaniso yenyika chaiyo[: Uya neshoko razvino uno kana kuti nhau yave ichipokanidzwa. Ita kuti vadzidzi vashandise CRAAP kana kuti SIFT kuinzvera mukirasi.
  • Sarudza nzvero yesociation yenzanga: Ita muvhenganiswa wenyengedzo nemuvhenganiswa wamashoko echokwadi, shati, zviri mukati zvakatsigiwa, uye mashoko enhema. Kumbira vadzidzi kuziva kuti ichinhui chinoda kunzvera idi uye ipapo ita nzvero.
  • Sangano navanochengeta maraibhurari[[FL:1]: Zvikoro navashandi veraibhurari vavanhu vose inyanzvi mukunzvera mashoko. Vanogona kutungamirira mashopu kana kuti migove yemirairo.
  • [ Kupa zvidzidzo zvenguva dzose zvedzidzo: Goveranai zvinhu zvakafanana ne News Screenshot Rescreenology Project, iyo inopa zvidzidzo zvapachena, zvinopa nokuda kwamagiredhi 6-12 uye kupfuura.

Vadzidzisi pavanotsanangura zvavanoita kuti vaone kuti zvavanenge vataura ndezvechokwadi here kana kuti kwete, somuenzaniso, vanoratidza vadzidzi kuti vanotsvaka sei mari yavanowana kumunhu anenge ava kuda kunyora, uye kuti vanoiwana sei.

Kukurira Matambudziko Anowanzoitika

Kunyange vanhu vane chido chokuita basa iri vanosangana nezvipingamupinyi, uye hezvi zvinobatsira pakugadzirisa matambudziko anowanzoitika.

Mashoko Akawandisa

Vhoriyamu yezviri mukati inogona kuva inopedza simba. Vashandisi venhau vakasanodzorwa seGoogle News RSS vanodyisa, mapepa akatsaurirwa kumashoko ane ukoshi, kana kuti mapepa anobva mumanyuko anovimbwa. Ronga nguva chaiyo yokushandisa nhau panzvimbo pokupeta nguva. Kudzika kwapamberi penhau kunokosha zvikuru kupfuura misoro mikuru ine mazana.

Kusimbisa Bias

Kana ukaverenga nyaya imwe vhiki usingabvumirani nayo, gara uchiverenga nyaya imwe chete pavhiki, kana ukangoona kuti yaunobvuma papi uye paunofunga kuti uchapupu hwacho hahuna kujeka.

Mashoko Anochinja Nokukurumidza

Pakunenge kuchiitika nhau, mashoko anochinja kusvika paawa. Nzira yakanakisisa ndeyokumirira kuti mashoko ane chiremera aedze mu(8) mashoko ehurumende, okubudisa, kana kuti masangano makuru enhau ane zvikwata zvinoongorora chokwadi.

Kushandisa Pfungwa

Kana ukanzwa kuti waita chimwe chinhu chakasimba, zvibvunze kuti: “Izvi zvakagadzirirwa kuita kuti ndiite zvinhu ndisina kufunga here?

mhedziso

Mashoko haasati ari unyanzvi hwenguva imwe asi muitiro unopfuurira. Maturusi namapurani zvinorondedzerwa pano/(CRAAP, SIFT, idi rekunzvera, kurava kwapashure, kuziva kwerusaruro (kugovera chishandiso chakavimbika chokufambisa mashoko akapoteredza anhasi akaoma. Hapana nzira imwe yakakwana, asi apo anoshandiswa pamwe chete anotanga dziviriro ine simba pamashoko asina kururama.

Kuti hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu ibudirire, vagari vemo vanoda zvinopfuura kungowana mashoko; vanoda mano okusarudza kunaka kwayo.Vadzidzisi, vatarisiri veraibhurari, vatori venhau, uye zvikuva vose vane mabasa okuita, asi pakupedzisira mutoro unowira pamumwe nomumwe wedu somutengi wemashoko. Nokushandisa nzira idzi nokudzidzidzisa vamwe, hatisi kungosimbisa kunzwisisa kwedu chete asi mamiriro ezvinhu ose okukurukurirana nevanhu vakadzidza.

Nguva inotevera unoona kutaura kunoshamisa kana kuti kwemirangariro, mira usati wagoverana.