Mitemo inoshanda sechinhu chinoshandiswa pakudzora misika, kudzivirira utano hwevanhu, uye kuva nechokwadi chekurongeka kwenzanga. Kubva pamipimo yezvakatipoteredza kusvika pakutarisira zvemari, mitemo iyi inovavarira kuumba mufambiro nokudzivirira kuvadziko. Asi mukaha pakati pevavariro yokutungamirira nemigumisiro yenyika chaiyo unogona kuva wakafara. Kuratidza kushanda kwemiraudzo hakusi muitiro wedzidzo chete, uye muitiro unokosha unoita kuti mitemo ive yakabudirira here kana kuti, zvakaipisisa, zvinoparira migumisiro isingagadzirirwi. Nyaya ino inogovera kuongororwa kwakakura kwemitemo, inosimbisa kubudirira kwemabumbiro remitemo, uye kunzvera nzira dzinogona kuyera nguva yemberi kuti ive yakasimba zvikuru uye inoita chiito.

Kukosha Kwokubvisa Mitemo

Kuongorora zvakasimba kunozadzisa zvinangwa zvakawanda zvinosimbisa kudzora uye kuvimba kwevanhu.

Kuzvidavirira Nokuona Zvinhu Zvakajeka

Mitumbi inotungamirira inoshanda nesimba guru pamaindasitiri nevagari vemo. Kuongorora masangano aya kunoita kuti pave nechokwadi chokuti anokwanisa kuzvidavirira pazvavanosarudza. Kana masangano anotarisira achidiwa kuti aone zvaachaita uye aruramise zviito zvavo, zvinoderedza ngozi yokubatazve kutungamirira. Kunoitira vadzori mabasa avo pane kuti vatarisire vanhu. Kuongorora kuri pachena kunoita kuti vatsigiri vemitemo, vatori venhau, uye mapoka evamiririri vehurumende vapi vapindurire kudenha kudzika kwetsika kana kuti kukanganisa magadzirirwo, kuumba gadziriro yokuongorora nokudzikamisa zvinhu zvinosimbisa utongi hwedemocratic.

Kunatsiridzwa Kunopfuurira

Mitemo inoita kuti ive yakakwana pakuedza kwokutanga. Kushambadzira kugadzirwa, kufambira mberi kwesayenzi, uye ufakazi hutsva hwesayenzi kunooneka. Kuongorora kunozivisa gadziriro dzakananga dzisingachakodzeri kana kuti dzinoita mhinganidzo dzisina kurongwa. Somuenzaniso, mitemo yemhoteredzo yakawanda yakanyorwa pakuvamba muma1970 inodikanwa kugadziridzwa sezvo ruzivo rwokudzora kushatisa utachiona rwakatanga kuva rusingabhadharwi zvikuru uye runobudirira. Pasina kuhwirudzura kwenguva nenguva, mitemo inogona kuva inova inotemwa pasina betsero dzakafanana. Kurangarira mumichina yokuchengetedza upenyu, masangano anogona kuchenesa mitemo inonatsa panzvimbo pokumirira kundika kwengwavaira kuti igadziridze kuchinja.

Kuchinjwa Kwemanyuko Nenzvimbo Dziri Pamberi

Hurumende nemapoka anodzorwa anoshanda netsananguro nenzvero dzinoganhurirwa. Kunzvera kwakananga kudzoresa. Kushanda kwechitsama chemari kunogona kuzivisa kuti kushandisa $1 (Z $5) pakuchengetwa mune rimwe divi kunoparira kubudirira kukuru kwoutano hwevanhu muimwe. Iyi nzira yemasangano inoita kuti masangano akwanise kuderedza nhamburiko dzawo, kuisa ngwariro panzvimbo apo kusawirirana kunoisa ngozi huru. Pasina kunzvera kwakadaro, kugoverwa kwemigumisiro yezvamatongerwe enyika kana kuti njodzi, kunoguma nokusashanda zvakanaka.

Kuvaka Chivimbo Chavose

Chivimbo mumasangano okutungamirira chaderera munyika dzakawanda, kuchiwedzerwa nokufunga kwokubata, kudzora, kana kuti kukundikana chaiko. Kushanda kunoratidzirwa nokuonekwa necherekedzo dzinooneka, kurangarirwazve kwevezera kugona kudzorera chivimbo. Apo vagari vemo vanoona kuti kunzvera chengeteko kubasa kwaderedza uwandu hwekuvadziko kana kuti kuti kuti mitemo yekotsekano yezvokudya yakaderedza kuvamba kwehosha, sezvingabvira zvikuru kutsigira kuzviisa pasi nokubatira pamwe. Nenzira yepanikirano, kundikano dzinooneka dzinoderedza chivimbo nechishoro chesimba sechishandiso chehurumende.

Kubudirira Mukudzorwa: Chibvumikiso Chinotonga Chinogona Kushanda

Nepo vatsoropodzi vachiwanzosimbisa kutungamirira kana kuti kusakwanisa, mienzaniso yakawanda inoratidzira kuti mitemo yakasanorongwa uye yakaiswa inoita kuti pave nemigumisiro inoshamisa.

Mitemo Yemhoteredzo: Muitiro Wakachena Wemhepo

Gwaro reU.S. Cleenador Act ra1970 rinoramba riri imwe yenhau dzebudiriro nedzakachengetwa zvikurusa. Chifo charo chokugadzirwa, kubudiswa kwetsvina nhanhatu dzinozivikanwa navose (kubatanidza sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, uye nzvimbo dzinobatanidzwa zvinhu) zvakaderera neinopfuura 70 muzana, kunyange sezvo upfumi hweUnited States navanhu zvakakura zvikuru. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) inofungidzira kuti chiito chacho chinodzivisa rufu rwapakuvamba runopfuura 230 000 muna 2020 moga. Zvisakiso zvikuru zvebudiriro zvinobatanidza:

  • [[NHAU] Mipimo yakavakirwa paScience: Chiito chakada EPA kugadza National Ambient Moyer Serity Digiration (NAAQS) yakavakirwa chose chose pasayenzi youtano, kwete kuoma kwemari. Iyi yakamanikidzira kuvandudziko inopfuurira sezvo nzvero yezvokurapa yakazivisa miuyo youtano pamwero yakaderera yokushatisa.
  • muganhu weBasa reMulti reBayi reNto: Mutemo wakaita mubatanidzwa pakati pehurumende, nyika, uye zviremera zvomunzvimbomo, neEPA inogadza mipimo asi inotaura kuronga marongedzero ezvinoitwa. Iyi ganhuriro yakabvumira kuchinjika nepo ichichengeta zvinodikanwa zviduku zvenyika.
  • Market Mechanism: Kugadziriswa kwa1990 kwakatanga chirongwa chekepisi netrade chesulfur dioxide inocheka zvinobudiswa neasidhi zvinokurumidza uye zvakachipa kupfuura mitemo yomurayiro nedzosero dzegamuchidzanwa. Iyi shambiso yakaratidzira kuti kurudziro dzemari dzinogona kuwana nharidzano dzemhoteredzo nomutoo une mufungo.

Nokuda kwenzwisiso yakadzama yetapuro yeChiratidzo cheMuchairi weAirubha, ona EPA yebudiriro [.

Mitemo Yezvemari: Chinjo dzapashure-2008

Kuderera kwemari kwa2008 kwakaratidza mipata ine ngozi pakutarisira mabhangi, vakweretesi vedzimba, uye zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemota.

  • Njodzi yePromotic Understant: Samakemical Stability Outstight Council (FSOC) yakagadzirwa kuti izive ndokunangidzira ngozi kugadziriro yose yemari, panzvimbo pokutarisira masangano mamwe namamwe mukuparadzana.
  • Consumer Protection: The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) yakasimbisa chiremera pamusoro pedzimba, makadhi echikwereti, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvemari zvinotengwa. Kubvira pakusikwa kwayo, CFPB yakadzorera mabhiriyoni amadhora kuvatengi kukuvadziko kumiitiro isiri yapamutemo.
  • Transparency: Kare zvakanyunguduka pamusoro pezvinoiswa panzvimbo inoiswa mashoko zvakatarwa zvakaendeswa kudzimba dzinocheneswa nenzvimbo dzinochinjana, zvichideredza ngozi yetesi.

Nepo nharo dzichipfuurira pamusoro pemutoro unodzorwa, nzvero dzokuzvimirira dzinosimbisa kuti zvinodikanwa zvemari yakakwirira yebhangi zvakakwira zvikuru, zvichiita kuti gadziriro yacho ive yakasimba zvikuru. Kuedza kwedzvinyiriro kwegore negore kweFederal Reserve zvino kunomanikidzira mabhangi makurusa kuratidzira kuti anogona kupukunyuka kuderera kwakakomba kwezvemari pasina kubhadhara mutero.

Utano Nechengeteko: Kudzivirira Vashandi Navarwere

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), yakatangwa muna 1970, yakaparira kuderera kunoshamisa mutsaona dzebasa nekuvadziko. Muna 1970, vashandi vanenge 14 000 vakafa pabasa gore negore; pakasvika 2020, nhamba iyoyo yakanga yaderera kusvika ku4,764, pasinei zvapo nokupetwa kaviri kwevashandi. Njodzi yeZvokudya neDrumuscio Administration yeU.S inotomas digin's division inoda kuedzwa zvakasimba kwemishonga inovimbisa kuti mishonga mitsva inova yakakotseka uye inoshanda isati yasvika kuvarwere. Chirongwa chesangano chinobatsira chachinjawo kuti chigadzirire kurapa mamiriro ezvinhu akaipa pachiri kuchengetwa.

Mitemo yakaitawo basa guru mukuvandudza kuchengeteka kwemotokari. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) inogadza mipimo nokuda kwemabhande ezviteshi zvemotokari, bhegi rendege, kukuvara kwemotokari, uye misi ichangobva kupfuura iyi, zvitatiko zvemotokari zvinofambiswa nemotokari. Nhamba dzinouraya dzakaderera ne80 muzana chifo chema1960, mugumisiro wakananga wezvirongwa zvokuchengeteka kwapamutemo uye mapurogiramu emashoko.

Fundo Yenhau: Kudzivirira Kushandiswa KweDSHOKO (GDPR)

European Union’s GDPR, inoshanda muna 2018, inomirira chiratidzo mumirairo yemahofisi emunhu oga. Ufakazi hwapakuvamba hunokarakadza kuva nokuzvidavirira kwesangano rebhizimisi kwakawedzerwa: makambani anofanira zvino kutungamirira dziviriro dzemitemo, kugadza vakuru vakuru vemitemo, uye kushuma kuvhura mukati memaawa 72. Nzvero dzinoratidza kuti GDPR yakaderedza uwandu hwemashoko omunhu oga hwakaunganidzwa nokugadzirwa nenzvimbo dzepanyundo, uye yakanyandura mutemo wezvakavanzika zvenyika yose mumitemo yakadai seBrazil, India, neCalifornia. Kunyange zvazvo kuzviisa pasi petambira murairo kwakanga kwakakwirira pakuvamba, murairo wakaparira kuva betsero yapamutemo yakabudirira nokuda kwemakambani dzinobatanidza nokunyora zvakavanzika nenzira inobudirira.

Kukundikana Mukudzora: Apo Kunopfupika Mabhodha Anotarisirwa

Kuongorora kuti nei mitemo ichikundikana kuratidza kuti zvinhu zvinochinja - chinja zvinogona kugadzirirwa zvakanaka, kurongwa zvakanaka, uye kuongororwa.

Kuderera Kwemari uye Dambudziko Rakaitika Muna 2008

Kushaya mari kwa2008 kwakaratidza kuti kutengesa zvinhu hakunei nokuti kwakatadza kudzora zvinhu.

  • Masangano ezvemari aisava mahombekombe akadai semari yezhengwe navavambi vedzimba vaishanda zvikurukuru kunze kwokunzvera kwomutemo. Gadziriro yokuchengeta mumvuri yakakura kusvikira kumabhangi egamuchidzanwa pasina zvinodikanwa zvedzimbahwe kana kuti mipimo yezvisaririra.
  • Kutemerwa nokusaoneka: Migariro yapashure nechikwereti zvokuchinja zvakashata zvakanga zvakaoma kwazvo zvokuti kunyange varonzesi vakachenjera navakuru vakuru vaisagona kuyera ngozi. Kushaikwa kwokushuma kwakareva kuti hakuna mudzori mumwe akanga ane mufananidzo wakakwana wekufukidzwa kwamativi ose.
  • Hurukuro neTreasurest :[[FLT: 1] Kuedza kwokuzvinyima kwakanetesa Gwaro re 1999 Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, iro rakadzosera mhinganidzo dzoKuderera kwoUkuru hwoUpfumi pakati pebhizimisi nebhangi remari. Vadzori vakanga vasingadi kupindira mumisika yedzimba inokura, vachitya kudzorwa kwezvamatongerwe enyika kana kuti pomero dzemushori.

Muuyo wakanga uri kuputsika kwourongwa uko kwakaparira mamirioni amabasa, kuparadzwa kwamabhiriyoni mupfuma, uye kuda kupindira kwehurumende kusati kwamboitika. Kundikano yacho inosimbisa ngozi yokuvimba nokuzvidzora uye kudikanwa kwemitemo inodzivisa iyo inodzika mitemo mukati mokufara.

Mvura Yakapoteredza: Kujeka Kwemvura Yakadzika

Deewater Horizone ya2010 yakawadzanyura utera hukuru mukutarisira kuchera kure kwemhenderekedzo. Kuputika kwakauraya vashandi 11 ndokubudisa madhiramu ane mamirioni 4,9 eoiri mumazuva 87. Kunzvera kwakazivisa kuti Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regtive and Emplicementment (BEMRE) yakanga yatapwa neindasitiri yaifungidzirwa kuti yaizodzora: kubvumirwa kubviswa, zvirongwa zvekotseka zvakanga zvaiswa rabha, uye kunzverwa kwakanga kuri kwapamusoro. Njodziyo yakatungamirira kukurongwazve kukuru kwokurongwazve kwoudzoreshinga kudiri hwezvomubatanidzwa, asi vatsoropote vanoramba kuti njodzi dzakapfuurira mumabasa makuru okugadzira mvura munyika yose.

Utano Hwavose Hunokundikana: Dambudziko Rezvipembenene

Kukundikana kwehurumende kwakaparira denda reOxyContine rakauraya upenyu hweAmerica hunopfuura 500 000 chifo cha1999. FDA neDrug Inforcement Administration (DEA) vakanonoka kupindura kuufakazi hwokunyanyopiwa nokuvhiya. FDA yakatenderwa neopioids dzine simba seOxyConin neshambiso isina kukwana yokuona mativi okubatwa zvisina kufanira. Panguva ino, DEA haina kusarudza kushandisa chiremera chayo chokumisa mipimo yevambi vemadhingi vemapioid pasinei zvapo nezviratidzo zvakajeka zvemichina. Iyi ngwavaira inosimbisa kudikanwa kwemibatanidzwa yemibato nemubatanidzwa wokuona kuti vaone kuvadziko dzinobuda mungozi dzisati dzava zvirwere.

Kukundikana Kugadzira Zvinhu Zvakakotsekana: Ma - MAX 737

Kubonderana kuviri kunouraya kwendege yeMosa yeBoeing 737 mu2018 ne2019 (Mumoya neAipiopian Airlines) zvakauraya vanhu 346 ndokuzivisa nzvimbo mugadziriro yefaA's creding. Nzvero dzakawana kuti FAA yakanga yagovera zvikamu zvinokosha zvenzvero dzekotsekano kuBoega, kuparira kurwisana kwefariro. Kundikano yeMouse Sectations (MACAS), chiratidzo chokudzora ndege chakabatanidzwa nokutyaira, chakanga chisina kusanonzverwa nokuda kwemiitiro yokundikano. Kuvimba kweFA'kuna pa "chiremera chiremera" kumhanya kubvumikisa njodzi yendege itsva. Uku kukundikana kwakaparira nharo pamusoro pezvimiriro yendege.

Kubvisa Kubudirira Mumiitiro: Mibato Yemibato Yakawanda Nemitoo

Kudzidza muzvose zviri zviviri kubudirira nokukundikana, vanzveri vanofanira kushandisa mitoo yakakomba, ine zvakawanda. Hapana mutoo mumwe unowana mufananidzo wakazara, naizvozvo unyanzvi hwokubatanidza hunopa nzwisiso dzakavimbika zvikuru.

Kuongorora Kunoderedza Kukura

Mitoo yemirau inoyera miuyo mukurwisana nezvinopesana kana kuti zvinopesana. Mienzaniso inobatanidza kunzverazve kushatisa kwemiitiro yeshatiso pamberi napashure pemirairo yemhepo yakachena, kana kuti fundo dzenguva dzemipimo yemipimo yemari yebhangi inotevera chinjo dzemari. Mitemo yokuwedzera yejekeso yemitemo inoparira misiyano, misiyano yemitemo, uye miedzo inodzorwa pasina donzo.

Kuongorora Kunoita Kuti Uve Nemakemikari

Nhamba dzoga hadzigoni kubata mashoko akapoteredza, migumisiro inodzorwa, kana kuti migumisiro isingakanwi. Kubvunzurudzwa kwakarongwa nefemu dzinodzorwa, nzanga dzakatapurwa, uye vakuru vakuru vanoona nezvokushanda kwepasi pano vanozivisawo zvinhu chaizvoizvo. Somuenzaniso, kunzvera kwemaoresa kuti kunzvera kubasa kwakaderera kungatsanangurwa nebvunzurudzo dzinoratidza kuti tyisidziro yenzvero yakatungamirira makambani kuvandudza tsika dzokudzivirira kunyange pamberi pokunzverwa. Mitoo yejekedzo inobetserawo kunzwisisa kuti nei kudzorwa kwakakomba kana kuti nei mamwe mapoka achitapurwa zvikuru.

Kuongorora Ndyiko Inotengwa (CBA)

CBA inoramba iri chishandiso chikuru chenzvero muhurumende dzakawanda, zvikurukuru muUnited States pasi poMurayiro Unodzora 12866. Analysts dzinoshandisa zvose zviri zviviri betsero (g., upenyu hunoponeswa, kushatiswa kwakaderedzwa, mari inochengetwa) uye ndyiko dzinotendwa (g., mutwaro wokudzorwa, mutwaro wokudzora, kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva zvakaderedzwa). Zvisinei, CBA ine miganhu: inotamburira kukoshesa zvinhu zvisina kutsa zvakafanana nokuchengetedzwa kwemhoteredzo kana kuti ruramisiro, uye kusarudza kwedzivisiro yepedzero yemari inoparira zvikuru. Pasinei zvapo nokutsoropodza, simba rinosano pamusoro pokuvakwa kwezvo kwezvo kushambadza uye kugovera kuoneka kwakateverwa kwokusvika.

Kuongorora Kunodzora (RIA)

Nyika dzakawanda dzeOECD dzinoda Kudzorwa kwemitemo isati yashanda. RIA inobatanidza rondedzero yechinetso, kuzivikanwa kwezvinotsiva, kubvunza vapaza migumisiro. Kuongorora kwepashure pekudzosera zvinowirirana nezvinotaurwa muRIA, zvichiita kuti pave nechimuko. Nzvero dzinoratidza kuti nyika dzine masangano eRIA akasimba dzinobudisa mirau yakakwirira. Somuenzaniso, OECD yakabudisa nhungamiro huru pamiitiro yakanakisisa yeRIA, inogona kuwanikwa pa [[FL:0] CD] Aglication Implificitymentmentment ment[FFLD:1]

Kunzvera Nokuona Zvakanaka Mubati Wechirongo

Kunzvera kunoshanda kunoda kuiswa mumitemo kubva kune avo vanotapurwa nemirau. Nguva dzetsinhiro dzapachena, matare ezvokuronga, uye kutaurirana kwemitemo kunounza mifungo yakasiana- siyana. Zvirongwa zvakafanana neEPA ne OSHATA zvinokumbira revo kunobva muindasitiri, masangano evashandi, mapoka emhoteredzo, uye nyanzvi dzedzidzo. Kunzvera kwokujeka kunorevawo kubudisa mashoko nenhetembo kuitira kuti vatsvakurudzi vakazvimirira vagone kuvandudza zviwanwa. Kushanda kwemashoko kwapaza kwawedzera kuwanikwa kwemazita okudzora, kuchigonesa nzanga kuzvidavirira kumasangano ehurumende.

Matambudziko Pakuongorora Kutungamirira

Kunyange zvikamu zvakagadzirwa zvakanaka zvikuru zvinotarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvinokosha zvinogona kukanganisa kuwana zvinhu kana kuti kuderedza kuoma kwepfungwa.

Kutadza Kuziva Mashoko

Migumisiro mizhinji inodzorwa inoda kuyera. Unoyera sei nhamba yezvitsotsi zvinodziviswa nemitemo yokudzivirira vatengi? Unobvisa sei tapuro yemitemo pakuchinja kwemabhizimisi kana kuti gadziriro dzemisika? Kutemwa kwemari yokubvuma kunowanzova kwezvakatarwa kana kuti kuzvishuma netsananguro. Kuongorora kunotsamira pafungidziro dzingasavapo, uye kurasika kwemashoko kunogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro yakajeka. Vachapa mari mudungwero yemahofisi yemahofisi negadziriro dzokuongorora zvinhu zvakabatanidzwa.

Migumisiro Yakaoma Kunzwisisa uye Yakananga

Mitemo inoshandana nomumwe nomumwe uye nemasimba makuru ezvemari. Mutemo unoitirwa kutsigisa mipimo yebhangi yokukweretesa ungaderedza kuwanika kwechikwereti kumabhizimisi maduku, kuderedza kukura kwemari munzira dzisingabatiswi nenzvero nhovo nhete. Kubvisa miuyo yemitengo kana kuti yorumwe rudzi kunoda miitiro yokufunga nemienzaniso inotevedzerwa, iyo inova inowirirana nezviwanikwa uye ichiri kudisa zvikanganiso.

Kupesvedzera Kwezvamatongerwe Enyika Nemasangano

Nzvero pachayo haina kudzivirirwa kuzvamatongerwe enyika. Zvirongwa zvingamanikidzirwa kuita fungidziro dzakanaka kururamisa kuvapo kwavo kana kuti kudzivisa kudzorwa kwemitemo. Nhando dzemitemo dzingaronga kuti zvizivisei zvinosarudza kuisa ndyiko apo unenge uchifuratira betsero. Mahofisi okuongorora adzoro akadai seOfesi yePublication Accounting Office (GAO) kana kuti European Court of Consticers", inoita kuti zvimwe zvinopindwa, asi zvawanwa zvavo zvinogona kufuratirwa kana kuti kudzorwa. Kuvaka tsika yomuitiro unotsamira paufakazi kunoda kudzivirira vachenjeri nokuvimbisa kuti vasarutsidzirwe vasaidzoro.

Nguva Yokuita Zvibatsiro Nechipo

Miuyo yakazara yemirau ingatora makore kana kuti makumi amakore kuti ive nemitemo. Somuenzaniso, betsero dzoutano dzenhambo refu dzokuderedzwa kweshatiso yemhepo dzakava pachena pashure bedzi pamakore maviri kana kuti makumi matatu okuderera kwokudzikira kunopfuurira. Kunyanyodzora kungakurumidza kupotsa miuyo yayo inokosha zvikurusa, apo kumirira njodzi dzakanyanya kubvumira mitemo inokuvadza kuparira kuvadziko. Kunzvera kunoshandisa chiverengero chakatanhamara chezvigadzirwa zvokurera mwana kana kuti miuyo yokunzvera iyi , asi hakusi zvinotsiva dzidzo dzomunguva refu.

Nhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi Dzokuongorora Kudzorwa

Zvinhu zvinochinja - chinja zvichiva nezvinochinja - chinja uye zvinochinja - chinja.

Kuchinja uye Kuchinja

Murairo wamagamuchidzanwa unowanzoita mhoteredzo yakareruka. Kuchinjika kwemiitiro kupfurikidza nokushandisa zvikamu zvezuva rokunyura, kuhwirudzura kwapanhambo nenhambo, uye mitemo yakarongwa yakavakirwa pamufambiro wokuteerera. Somuenzaniso, Hurumende yeUnited Kingdom ye "Red Tape Challenge" yakahwirudzura nenzira yakarongwa miraudzo ndokubvisa ifonererwa yamasimba echinjo ashandukira pasi pedzoro dzakasiana- siyana dzakarumbidzawo kuhwirudzura kwapanhambo nenhambo nenhambo. Ecces yakanzvera zvinodikanwa zvakananga murugwaro rwokuteerera zvinovimbisa kuti mitemo inoedzwa uye inovandudzwa nguva dzose.

Mitemo Yakavakirwa Paufakazi Nemiedzo Isina Kusarudzwa

Uko vadzori vanofanira kukwanisa, vanofanira kushandisa miedzo inodzorwa pasina kurongwa kuidza kupindira kwedzimwe nzira pamberi pokuyera. Department of Labor rakafambisa RCTs kuenzanisa nzira dzakasiyana- siyana dzokuongorora kudzivirira pabasa. UK'S Chaparal Insights Team ("Unit"Nquation") inoshandisa RCTS kuyera miuyo yezvimiro zviri nyore nezvisarudzo zvapanguva dzose pakuteerera. Nepo RCTs isati yafanira nokuda kwemirairo yose, RCTs inogona kugovera ufakazi hwendarama hunoyera apo inobatira.

Kushandira Pamwe Kwenyika Dzose uye Kuratidza Maonero Azvo

Zvinetso zvizhinji zvokudzosera kudzorwa kwemipimo netsika. Zvakadai sedzikamo yemari, kuvandika mashoko, uye kudzivirira mhoteredzo. Masangano amarudzi ose akafanana neOECD, World Bank, uye Basel Committee on Banking Supercentation anotanga mipimo nemiitiro yetsika. Kuenzanisa kwemipimo yetsika netsika. Uku kubatana kunogona kuzivisa kuti ndedzipi mitoo yokudzosera inoshanda zvikurusa pasi pemapfundo akasiyana- siyana. Somuenzaniso, maOECD's "Regutatication Policy Outlook" anoenzanisa miitiro yenyika inoyera nemiitiro yakaisvonaka. Kushanda pamwe chete uku kunobatsira kudzivirira kudzosera kuwirira nokukwidza kudzoro ndokusimudzira dzinza pamusoro mumugariro wakakwirira.

Kubatanidzwa uye Kuongorora Mugariro Womunyika

Mitemo inotapura pakupedzisira vagari vemo, bva manzwi avo anowanzoratidzirwa mumiitiro yokunzvera yakarongwa. Marusando evagari vemo, mavhota anodzorwa, uye bhajeti yokushandisa kubetsera zvinobvumira nzanga dzinotapurwa kurondedzera icho "kushanda" kunoreva mumashoko avo akapoteredza. Nzvero iri kukura ye "communication" yakashandiswa kumira miganhu yemhoteredzo, uko vagari vemo vanotarira kushatiswa nokugovera mashoko ayo anowirirana necherekedzo dzapamutemo. Kupa vagari vemo danda mukuyera kunogona kuwedzera kuva kwapamutemo uye kuvimbisa kuti miraudzo inore kuvadziko dzine revo zvikurusa kuidzo dzinorehwa kudzivirira.

Majekiseni Okurapa Nematanho

Ungwaru hwekugadzira uye kudzidza michina zvinogona kuongorora nokuongorora mashoko akawanda kuti zvione zvinhu zvingasawanikwa nevanhu vanoongorora mutauro. Kugadzirwa kwomutauro kungaongorora tsinhiro dzavose kuti vaone zviri kumuka. Kufungidzira kunogona kufanotaura kuti kusanzwisisa kungaitika kupi, kuchigonesa kudzikamisa. Zvisinei, maturusi aya ane ngozi dzekusarura uye kupeta; kuongorora maatomu kunofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti maarukirati ane mashoko akajeka, anogona kutsanangurwa, uye anotungamirira.

mhedziso

Kuratidza kubudirira kwemirau hausi umbozha hwemafaro ehurumende. Nzvero inoongororwa pano inoratidzira kuti apo nzvero dzinoitwa nenzira yakakomba, dzinozivisa zvinoshanda, zvisati, zvisati, uye kuti zvingavandudza sei. Kubudirira kweCheneoc Air Act, pashure pa2008 kuchinja mari, uye GDPR inoratidza kuti mirau yakasanosarudzirwa inogona kudzivirira utano hwavanhu, kudzivisa kuwa kwezvemari, uye simba ravatengi. Nenzira yakapesana, kundikano yakapoteredza njodzi ya2008, opioid, uye bomacture 76737 yendyo yemari inoisa mutengo mukuru wokutarisira uye chiito chakakomba.

Kufambira mberi, kutungamirira kunofanira kuita kuti kuyera kuve basa guru, kwete rapashure pokufunga. Ikoku kunoda kuiswa kwemibatanidzwa yemibatanidzwa yemibatanidzwa yemijenya, kuzvimirira nokuda kwavanzveri, uye kudisa kugadziridza magadzirirwo emitemo anochinjika ayo anonyandura, uye vanofanira kutora rutivi mukuratidzira kwamarudzi ose kuti vadzidze mumiitiro yakanakisisa yenyika yose. Pakupedzisira, vagari vemo navachengeti vemichinjikwa vanofanira kuva vatori vemibato vanoshingaira mukurondedzera chiono chemitemo chinobudirira.

Kupfurikidza nokudzidza muzvose zviri zviviri zviitwa nezvikanganiso, tinogona kuita mhoteredzo yokudzora iyo isati iri bedzi inobudirira asi iri yokukurumidza, inova inonyengera, uye inozvidavirira kuvanhu yainobatira. Mwero wokupedzisira wemitemo ipi neipi haisi kuoma kwayo kana kuti kukurumbira, asi mano ayo okupedza zvinetso chaizvoizvo munyika chaiyoiyo. Kunzvera kunopfuurira ikambasi inochengeta muitiro panzira iyoyo.