Sumo

Hurumende nehurumende dzinoumba mavambo okupa basa ravose muUnited States, dzichibata rutivi rwuri rwose rwoupenyu hwezuva nezuva kubva kudzidzo nekotsekano yavose kusvikira kuzvokufambisa noutano. Nepo mwero mumwe nomumwe une mitoro yakasiana, mabasa anobudirira zvikurusa anomuka apo idzi hurumende dzinobatira pamwe. Kubatira pamwe kunovabvumira kugoverana zviwanikwa, mirau inowirirana, uye kuita chimwe chinhu kuzvinodikanwa zvomunzvimbomo apo apo inenge iri nzvimbo yesimba rehurumende. Nyaya inonzvera kuti nyika nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo zvinoshandira sei pamwe chete, mienzaniso yadzoro dzadzinoshandisa, zvinetso zvavanotarisana nazvo, uye zvirongwa zvinotungamirira kumigumisiro inobudirira nokuda kwevagari vemo.

Kurongeka hakusati kuri bedzi chisarudzo chokutarisira; kazhinji kazhinji chinodikanwa chapamutemo kana kuti chinoshanda. Purogiramu dzakawanda dzomubatanidzwa dzinoda hurumende netsinhirano yomunzvimbomo, uye nhau dzakaoma dzakadai sedavidzo yengwavaira, murairo wemhoteredzo, uye kukura kwemari zvinoda mitoo yakabatana. Kunzwisisa simba yeiyi batira pamwe kunobetsera vakuru vakuru vehurumende, vanzveri vemiitiro, uye vagari vemo vanoonga miitiro inoita basa rokudzora.

Nhoroondo yeHurumende-Preference Collant

Ukama pakati pehurumende nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo hwakachinja zvikuru kupfuura nhau yeAmerica. Pasi peBumbiro reMitemo reU.S., nyika dzinochengeta uchangamire, uye nzvimbo dzinowana masimba adzo kubva kubumbiro remitemo rehurumende nemirau. Iyi gadziriro yapamutemo, inozivikanwa seMutemo weDillon, udzori hwenzvimbo yakaganhurirwa, ichida mvumo yehurumende yezviito zvakawanda zvomunzvimbomo. Zvisinei, muzana ramakore rechi20, nyika dzakawanda dzakapa chiremera chinowedzera chinodzora chapamusha kumaguta nenhamba, zvichiabvumira kuchinja kukuru kukurukura nhau dzomunzvimbomo.

New Deal Era yakava newedzero muzvipo zvehurumende, izvo ipapo zvakapfuudza mari kunharaunda dzegadziriro dzemasangano ezvirongwa zvenzanga. Gare gare, Great Society yema 1960 yakasimbisa batira pamwe yehurumende, umo hurumende nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo zvakabatira pamwe zvinorongwa nehurumende. Mumakumi amakore achangobva kupfuura, miitiro yakafanana nedevo yakachinja mitoro yakawanda kuhurumende nenharaunda nepo ichichinja nzira dzokushandisa mari. Nhau iyi inosimbisa kuti kubatira pamwe hakuchinjiki; inowirirana nezvamatongerwe enyika, nzanga, uye chinjo dzenzanga.

Nzvimbo Huru Dzokubatana

Hurumende nehurumende dzinoshanda pamwe chete mumabasa akasiyana - siyana anoitwa nevanhu vose uye chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinopa mikana uye zvinetso zvakasiyana - siyana zvokushandira pamwe.

Dzidzo

Dzidzo zvichida inzvimbo inooneka zvikurusa yehurumende nenzvimbo inoshandira pamwe. Nyika dzinogadza mipimo yedzidzo, kugovera mipimo yemari, uye kutarisira mapepa emudzidzisi, apo maruwa ezvikoro omunzvimbomo anotarisira makirasi, vashandi vanoripa, uye mashandiro echikoro. Somuenzaniso, California’s Local Control Funding Forula [LCFF][FLT]] nharaunda dzinoisa simba kugovera pfuma yakavakirwa pamitezo yavadzidzi inodikanwa nepo dzichivaita kuti vazvipindukire kunharidzano dzehurumende. Iyi tsinhirano yehurumende yeyati revo yomunzvimbomo.

Utano Hwavose

Njodzi dzoutano dzavanhu, kubva kumurakatira kusvikira kumirakatira, kuraira kubatira pamwe kusina mifungo. Maparekita ezvoutano ehurumende anogovera mabasa erabhoritari, kunzverwa kwemashoko, uye mari, apo mapato outano omunzvimbomo anenge achitambira makiriniki, kunzvera, uye kupfuudza nzanga. ] Madate eDaser for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji] anofambisa zvinhu kupfurikidza namasangano ehurumende kuhama dzomunzvimbomo, sezvinoonekwa mukati menongedzero yeCHO-19. Urongwa hwekuronga uye manyuko anogoverana zvinovandudza kupararira nokupindura.

Zvekufambisa

Zvirongwa zvezvokufambisa zvinoda nyika nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo kuronga, mari, uye kuchengetedza migwagwa, mabhiriji, gadziriro dzokufambisa, uye nhandare dzendege. Madhipatimendi ezvokufambisa ehurumende anowanzotarisira migwagwa mikuru nenyika, nepo hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzichibata migwagwa nokufamba kwavose. Nyika zhinji dzinoshandisa masangano okuronga zvinhu zveguta kuti atungamirire zvirongwa zvomunharaunda, kubatanidza mari yehurumende nezvinokosha zvomunzvimbomo. Somuenzaniso, muenzaniso webatira pamwe weFlorida wakaita mabasa anobatanidza nharaunda dzomumaruwa neguta, kuderedza kuwanda nokuvandudza kufamba.

Masangano Ekurumidziro Nemhinduro Yengwavaira

Panoitika njodzi, kushanda pamwe kwemasangano ehurumende neomunzvimbomo anotarisira njodzi kwakakomba. Vapinduri vemo vokutanga vanotanga kuonekwa, asi vanotsamira papfuma yehurumende nokuda kwezvokushanda, midziyo, uye kushandira pamwe nemasangano ehurumende akadai seFEMA. Hofisi yehurumende yetengi yengozi yeTexas inoshanda pedyo nevakuru vakuru veruwa uye veguta kuti varatidze migove, vashandi vemo, uye vadzore vadziki. Pashure pePrescurrine Harvey muna 2017, uku kufambiswa kunowirirana kwakaponesa upenyu uye kupora.

Kudzivirirwa Kwezvakatipoteredza Nemanyuko Ezvinhu Zvomuzvarirwo

Zvinetso zvemhoteredzo zvakadai sokushatisa mvura, kunaka kwemhepo, uye kuchengetedzwa kwenyika zvinoda nhamburiko dzakawanda dzinorambwa. Masangano ehurumende emhoteredzo anogadza mitemo nenhau inobvumidza, nepo hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzichiita kuti mabumbiro emitemo ashate, kudzora tsvina, uye kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakazaruka. Nhano dzemaongororo dzakafanana ne EPA’S Green Infraclaturatura Program[ inopa mipiro nebetsero yemichina kumaguta, inowanzovanzwa nyore nyore namadhipatimendirwa enyika, kuderedza nokuvandudza.

Dzimba Nekufambira Mberi Kwenzanga

Kuperevedza kwedzimba dzinowanda uye kukura kwezvikumbiro zvehurumende uye kushandira pamwe kwenharaunda. Nyika dzinogadzira mari yezvakarongedzerwa uye zvirongwa zvokukurudzira kuchengetedzwa kwedzimba, nepo nzvimbo dzichigamuchira mitemo yokugarwa kwenzvimbo nemvumo yechivako. SaOregon dzakapa mitemo inoda kuti maguta arongedzerwe nokuda kwokukura kwedzimba, hurumende inoita kuti zvibvumidzwe nokuitwa kwomunzvimbomo. Nhanho dzavanhu dzinobatanidza zvikwereti zvemari dzehurumende nezvinobhadharwa zvenzvimbo kuti zvivandutsirirwe.

Mienzaniso Yokubatana

Kunzwisisa izvi zvinobatsira vakuru vakuru kusarudza nzira yakanakisisa yemashoko avo akapoteredza.

Mashopu Nemafomu Okutsigira

Hurumende dzinowanzogovera nzvimbo nokuda kwamadonzo akati — kugadziridza mugwagwa mukuru, midziyo yokudzivirira yavose, kana kuti mapurogiramu outano. Idzi mvumo dzinowanzouya nemigariro inokurudzira batira pamwe, yakadai sezvinodikanwa zvemari zvakafanana kana kuti mitauro yemari. Somuenzaniso, U.S. Nhamba dzemijeresa yehurumende nedzemari yomunzvimbomo dzinoratidza kuti yamuro yehurumende inoumba chikamu chinokosha chemari yomunzvimbomo, zvikurukuru nokuda kwezvikoro nezvivako.

Zvibvumirano Zvehurumende Zvinopindirana (IGAS)

IGAS zvibvumirano zvinobatanidza zviri pamutemo izvo zvinoronga mitoro, kubhadharwa kwemari, uye kupiwa kwebasa pakati pehurumende nesangano romunzvimbomo. Zvinozivikanwa navose nokuda kwebasa rakagoverwa se911 rekutumira, mapaki enharaunda, kana kuti nzvimbo dzokurapirwa mvura. IGA ingasarudza kuti mweroi unochengeta bhiriji, kuti ungaparadzanisa sei mutengo wedavidzo yekurumidziro, kana kuti nzira yokugoverana nayo mashoko. Zvibvumirano izvi zvinoderedza makopi nokujekesera.

Masimba Akabatana Ebasa Nemabhodhiroku

Masangano ebasa anounganidza vakuru vakuru vehurumende nevehurumende, nyanzvi, uye nhengo dzenzanga kuti vapedze nhau dzakaoma. Somuenzaniso, hurumende ingaumba basa pamusoro pokusava nedzimba rinosanganisira vatungamiriri vebasa renzanga nemeya dzeguta. Mabhodhi ebasa, akadai sesangano rezvokufambisa rehurumende nenhume dzomunzvimbomo, rinogovera mubatanidzwa unopfuurira wezvisarudzo zvemitemo. Mitumbi iyi inokurudzira kuvimba uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti mirangariro yomunzvimbomo inozivisa purogiramu yehurumende.

Masangano Enharaunda Nemasangano Emasangano Enzvimbo

Masangano eruwa ehurumende (COGs) neMPOS isangano rokuzvidira rehurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinoronga nokushandira dzinoyamura kumativi ose ehurumende. Anowanzogamuchira mari yehurumende ndokuyamura tsinhirano pazvokufambisa, kubudirira kwemari, uye nhau dzemhoteredzo. National Association of Counties (NACO) inopa pfuma pamusoro penzira iyo aya madare anosimbisa nayo nyika neyako kupfurikidza nokubatanidza pfuma uye unyanzvi hwokugoverana.

Matambudziko Pakushanda Pamwe Chete

Kunzwisisa zvinopinganidza izvi kunobatsira vatungamiriri kuti vakwanise kuwirirana.

Kusiyana Kwemisiyano

Mikaha yokushandisa mari pakati penharaunda dzakapfuma nedzisina kupfuma inoparira kusawirirana. Nyika dzinofanira kuenzanisa mamiriro ezvinhu omunzvimbomo, asi apo mari yehurumende inenge yakaganhurirwa, nzvimbo dzine mitero miduku inotamburira kusvitsa zvinodikanwa zvinokosha. Somuenzaniso, kupomera mari kwechikoro kwakasimbisa kuti kuvimba nemitero yenzvimbo yomunzvimbomo kunotungamirira sei kukusaenzana, kukurudzira nyika kuti dzigamuchire nzira dzokuwedzera nadzo. Zvisinei, kurwisa kwezvamatongerwe enyika kunogona kuita kuti chinjo dzive dzakaoma.

Kukanganisa Kwetsika Nokuisa Miitiro Pamusoro

Hurumende nehurumende dzingava nemaonero akasiyana - siyana ezvamatongerwe enyika kana kuti nguva. dare rehurumende rina pfungwa dzokuderedza mitero ringaderedza mari inotsamira panzvimbo, nepo dare reguta rinotanga mapurogiramu matsva. Uku kusiyana kunogona kumisa mabasa ehama kana kuti kutungamirira kurwisano. Kukurukurirana zvinobudirira uye kuronga zvinangwa zvinokosha pakuronga zvinhu zvinokosha.

Kuoma Kwakaita Utongi uye Kuoma Kunzwisisa

Mitemo yakasiana- siyana, mirairo, uye kushuma zvinodikanwa zvinoumba udzori. Mukuru mukuru womunzvimbomo anokumbira nokuda kwechipo chehurumende angatarisana nomuitiro wakaoma wokushandisa, nepo vakuru vakuru vehurumende vachirwisana nemiitiro mizhinji yomunzvimbomo. Kubatanidza mapepa nokugamuchira zviteshi zvemichina zvinogona kuderedza kukwikwidzana. Mitemo yakavakirwa pamatombo, yakadai seiya yakagadzirwa nezvikuva zvakadai se DHREctus[, bvumira nyika namasangano omunzvimbomo kutarisira nokugoverana mashoko nenzira inowirirana.

Kukurukurirana uye Kusavimbana

Kana vakuru vakuru vanobva pamwero wakasiana - siana vasingawirirani nguva dzose, kusanzwisisana kungatungamirira kukuzengurira kugovera zviwanikwa kana kuti mashoko. Kuvaka ukama kupfurikidza nemisangano yenguva dzose, kurovedzana, uye marusando okuronga anoshanda pamwe chete kunokosha.

Mienzaniso Inobudirira Yokuumbwa

Kuongorora zviitiko kunoverengeka kunoratidza kuti kushanda pamwe kunobudirira kunooneka sei mukushandiswa.

California’s Local Control Funding Formula (LCF)

Yakanyoreswa muna 2013, LCF yakatsiva gadziriro yakaoma yemitemo inopa mvumo nemutoo wakapfava unopa maruwa kuchinjika apo inenge ichinangidzira mari kuvadzidzi vaidikanwa zvikuru. Hurumende inoronga mari inoiswa pasi uye mari yokuwedzera nokuda kwevadzidzi vechiNgezi navadzidzi vanowana mari shoma. Masangano edzidzo emomo anofanira kutanga urongwa hunoratidza kuti vachashandisa sei mari kuvandudza migumisiro, uye hurumende inovaita kuti vazvidavirire kupfurikidza neForcian School Dicboard. Iyi muganhu yetsika yenyika inowirirana nevavariro dzomunzvimbomo, inoguma nezviwanikwa zvakawanda nokuda kwavadzidzi vakawanda vanoda kubatsirwa.

New York City-State State Public Health shandreal syndrome

Dhipatimendi routano reNew York City rinoshanda pamwe chete neNew York State Department of Health pakunzvera hosha, nhimbe dzenhomba, uye kudzivirira hosha kusingaperi. Mukati medenda reCHOVID-19, vakagoverana mashoko, vakabatanidza nzvimbo dzokuedza, uye kutumira mashoko. Nhamburiko dzavo dzakabatanidzwa dzakaderedza kupfuudzwa uye kuvandudzwa kwoutano munzanga dzinochengetwa. Kubatana kwacho kunoratidza kuti mwero miviri inogona sei kuwedzera simba romumwe nomumwe.

Kutarisira Zvinhu Zvakaoma muTexas

The Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM) inoshanda namaneja ekurumidziro enharaunda neguta kuti vagadzirire ndokupindura kupfurikidza nemhepo dzinovhuvhuta, mafashamo, uye mirairo inopisa. TDEM inoronga zvibvumirano zvokuyamura, uye inopa rovedzo. Vakuru vakuru vakuru vomunzvimbomo vane mubatanidzwa wakananga mukuronga hurumende kupfurikidza namadare eruwa. Pashure pePriest Harvey, iyi socipe yakabatsira kumwe kunzvera kukurusa muU.S.

Kuronga Zvokufambisa muFlorida

Department of Transportation (FDOT) reFlorida rinoshandisa "Descrectation" gadziriro inobatanidza hurumende dzomunzvimbomo mukugadzira migwagwa inowirirana nezvinodikanwa zvenzanga. FAT inogovera mari netsigiro yemichina, nepo masangano okuronga omunzvimbomo anosarudza mabasa kupfurikidza negadziriro refu dzechokufambisa. Iyi gadziriro yokubatira pamwe yakaderedza kunonotsa basa uye kuvandudzika. Muuyo isociation yemitendi inoshanda kuvose vari vaviri vafambi vomunharaunda nevagari vomunzvimbomo.

Miitiro Yakanakisisa Yokushandisa Kunoita Basa Rinobudirira

Kubva mukutsvakurudza uye ruzivo chairwoirwo rwenyika, miitiro iyi inogona kusimbisa ukama hwehurumende nehwomunyika yacho:

  • Mabasa nemabasa zvakajeka kupfurikidza nezvibvumirano zvegadziriro zvinorondedzera masangano anotungamirira, kupatsanurwa kwemari, uye chiremera chokuita zvisarudzo.
  • [ Yakanyanyovakwa muukama kupfurikidza nemisangano yenguva dzose, rovedzo yakabatana, uye kugoverana mabanza ebasa nokuda kwekukura kwehurumende navashandi vomunzvimbomo.
  • Shandisa madata uye ruzivo rwemichina rwakabatana kuronda kushanda, kuziva zvinodikanwa, uye kurukurirano. Vhara masuo edata nezvikuva zvakavakirwa pamakore zvinoderedza mashoko.
  • Allign kurudziro[ kupfurikidza nokuronga mapurogiramu anopa kubatira pamwe kunotusa nokuranga. Mari inotsigirwa nemabasa inogona kukurudzira kupedza chinetso chakabatana.
  • Vatengi vemari kubatanidza vagari vemo, zvisipiti, uye mabhizimisi. Mutemo wavo unobetsera nyika navatungamiriri vomunzvimbomo kuisa zvokutanga uye kuvaka tsigiro yavose.
  • [[[FT:0] Chengeta kuchinjika kuchinjira kumigariro inochinja. Gadziriro dzemotokari nezviitwa zvakaiswa munhete inobvumira hurumende kuedza kusvika pamberi pokukwiza.

Basa Reruzivo Nemashoko Zvinobatanidzwa

Ruzivo rwazvino uno rwachinja nzira iyo hurumende dzomunzvimbomo nedzenyika dzinobatira pamwe nayo. Mitemo inobatira pamwe inogonesa kutsinhana mashoko chaiwoiwo pamisoro yakadai sesvomhu dzavanhu vose, migariro yemotokari, uye kubvumidza. Somuenzaniso, maruwa akawanda akagadzira nzvimbo dzokuchengetera mashoko dzakadzika mitemo idzo masangano omunzvimbomo anogona kugona kuwana nokuda kwokuronga nokushuma. DHREctus [[[FLT: 1]] inogovera chikuva cheCMS chakapfava chinochinjika uye kutarisirwa kwamakombiyuta izvo zvinobetsera kubatanidza manyuko amashoko, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kugoverana manyoro avose, kutarisira, uye batirana pazvikwanidzo zvisina zvikwanikiso zvakaoma.

Ruzivo rwezvokugadzirwa kwezvinhu runovandudzawo kujeka. Vagari vemo vanogona kuongorora kuti mari yavo yemitero inopedzerwa sei muzvirongwa zvose zvenyika neyomunzvimbomo, vachisimudzira kuzvidavirira. Gadziriro dzemashoko eGoographic (GIS) dzinobvumira vakuru vakuru kuisa muchiono mativi adzo anodzoreka uye kuziva mikana iri mukubatanidza basa. Sezvo hurumende dzinogamuchira nhano dzamano, wirirano dzinobatanidza mari yepfuma yenzvimbo nemutezo womunzvimbomo dzichava dzinotonyanya kuoma zvikuru.

Nhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi

Chikamu chezvinenge zvichiumba nyika nenzvimbo yezvinenge zvichibatanidzwa zvinobatanidza:

  • [[FTL:0] Kuzvidzora kwakakomba: Sezvo zvinoitika zvemamiriro okunze zvakakomba, hurumende nehurumende dzomunzvimbomo zvinofanira kuronga pamwero mumwe nokuda kwokukwira kwegungwa, mikushi, uye mirakatira. Rongedzero dzemamiriro okunze dzakavhengana idzo mativi adzo achava akaenzana.
  • Chinjo yeDigital:[[FT:1] Kuchinjira kumasangano eIndaneti kunoda kuti zvitevedzero zvekombiyuta negadziriro dzinoshanda pamwe chete. United States ichada kubetsera nzvimbo duku kuvandudza mibato yayo yemichina.
  • Mari isina kuimbwa:[[FL:1] nahurumende zvirongwa zvegadziriro zvinosimbisa nenzira inowedzera dzinza netsika. Kushandiswa kwomunzvimbomo kuchada tsigiro yehurumende nokuda kwokuunganidzwa kwemashoko nebvumirano yenzanga.
  • Kukura kwebasa: Mwero yose iri miviri yehurumende inotarisana neperevedzo dzinoshanda. Gadziriro dzokurovedza dzakaisvonaka namadziva amabwenja anogona kuvaka ubati muhurumende dzose.
  • Kugadzirira kwechiPira:[[FT:1] Zvidzidzo kubva kuCOVID-19 zvichatungamirira kugadziriro dzekushandira pamwe zvechigarire nokuda kwemigariro yeutano yavose, kubatanidza matura, mibatanidzwa yekurukurirano, uye zvirongwa zvekurukurirano.

mhedziso

Hurumende nehurumende dzinoshandira pamwe chete mukuitirwa mabasa avose. Padzinoshandira pamwe zvinobudirira, dzinowedzera pfuma, dzinoronga mitemo, uye dzinobatsira nokubudirira kuzvinodiwa nevagari vemo. Zvinetso — kusawirirana kwemagariro, kuoma kwematunhu, uye kusavimbana — ndezvechokwadi, asi zvinogona kukurirwa nemazano emaune, zvibvumirano zvakajeka, uye kuzvipira kugoverana zvinangwa. Nokudzidza kubva kumienzaniso yemichina inobudirira uye kutevedzera mitsva, hurumende dzinogona kuvaka mibatanidzwa inoshanda munzanga zvechokwadi. Sezvo tarisiro dzavose dzinowedzera uye zvinetso zvinowedzera, mano okushanda pamwe chete achaita kuti zvizvarwa zvive zvauya zvive zvakabatana.