Pfungwa yokuona zviri pachena muhurumende inomira sechinhu chikuru chinoumba kuzvidavirira kwehurumende nechivimbo chavose. Muzana ramakore rapfuura, masangano ehurumende muUnited States akachinja zvikuru mukusvika kwawo kwokuva pachena, kubva mutsika yezvakavanzika zvaasingazozivi kuchienda kune uko kunoitwa kuti kujekeswe. Nyaya ino inonongedzera kushanduka kwemitemo yokuona zviri pachena munyika yose, kuongorora mutemo wechiratidzo, zvinetso zvinopfuurira, kutanga ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu, uye kupfuurira kupesvedzera hurumende yakazaruka zvikuru. Kunzwisisa iyi kunokosha nokuda kwavagadziri vemitemo, vatori venhau, uye vagari vemo vanotsamira pakudzora kwakajeka kuti vave nesimba rinozvidavirira.

Mavambo Enhau Okuona Hurumende Zvakanaka

Pfungwa yokuti vagari vemo vane maruramiro okuziva kuti hurumende yavo inoshanda sei pamberi peUnited States imene. Vafungi vakajekeswa saJames Madison vakarangarira kuti "Hurumende yakakurumbira, isina mashoko akakurumbira, kana kuti mutoo wokuiwana nawo, iProtoo kuParce kana kuti Njodzi". Vamiriri vakaisa gadziriro dzakati kuti dzokuona muBumbiro reMitemo, zvakadai sechinodikanwa chokuti Congress anobudisa magazini yezviito zvayo. Zvisinei, nokuda kwamazana mazhinjisa ezana amakore rechi19 nerechi20, masangano ehurumende anoshanda nomusengwariro muduku wokugoverana mapepa omukati nevoruzhinji.

Kutanga kwokuona kwazvino uno kwakavamba nokukurumidza pashure peHondo yeNyika II, kwasundwa neitiro hanya pamusoro pechivande chehurumende uye simba rinokura rebazu guru. Pamberi pa 1966, kwakanga kusina maruramiro apamutemo kuti vanhu vasvike zvinyorwa zvesangano rehurumende; kuzivisa kwakanga kuri zvikurukuru pachisarudzo chevakuru vesangano. Nhevedzano yenzvero dzesangano nedzvinyiriro yavose yakaguma nokupfuudzwa kweimwe yemiraukwano yakatanhamara zvikurusa munyika.

Rusununguko Rwomutemo Wemashoko (FOIA) wa1966

Freedom of Information Act, yakasainwa mumutemo naPurezidhendi Lyndon B. Johnson pana July 4, 1966, yakatanga chirongwa chapamutemo chokuti zvinyorwa zvehurumende zvinofanira kusvikwa kuvanhu vose. Kwenguva yokutanga, munhu upi noupi(asina kuva mugari wemo) aigona kukumbira zvinyorwa zvekukumbira zvakabva kusangano rehurumende ripi neripi. FOIA aida masangano kuti azivise mashoko akati nenzira yokuzvidira uye kupindura kuzvikumbiro zvakanyorwa mukati mechikamu chakati chenguva. Kunyange zvazvo Purezidhendi Johnson akasainira pamutemo pamutemo, kwakaratidzira nguva yakabviswa mukuzvidavirira kwehurumende.

FOIA yapakuvamba yaiva nekusabvumirwa kupfumbamwe pasi payo masangano aigona kudzivisa mashoko, kubatanidza chengeteko yenyika, mitemo yomukati yavashandi, zvakavanzika, uye kuvandika kwomunhu oga. Mumakumi amakore, uku kusunungurwa kwakaedzwa nokunatswa kupfurikidza nokupa mhaka. Mhaka huru yeDare rapakuvamba, Kubviswa kweAir Force v. Rose[FLT] [FLD] [1977], yakajekesa kuti masangano anofanira kubvisa kusunungurwa kwakaganhurirwa nokuwana nyasha. Kusvikira kuzuva rino, FOIA chishandiso chikuru chavatori venhau, vezvenhau, uye vashingairi vanotsvaka kusvikirikwa kumanyoro ehurumende.

Penjero ya1976 uye Murayiro weSunshine

Pakapera mhosva yeWatergate, Congress yakakumbira kusimbisa FOIA. Zvibvumirano zva 1974, zvakapfuudzira Purezidhendi Gerald Ford's vento, zvakatanga marusando echitsama chamayunifomu, zvakapfupikisa nguva, uye zvakagadzira kusava norusununguko kutsva nokuda kwezvinyorwa zvokuchengetera mutemo. Zvinotonyanya, vaida masangano kuti azivise mapepa avo uye kuti atsive kuramba kupi nokupi nokupi. Izvi zvakapa FOIA mazino awo, achiashandura kubva papepa kuti rive chishandiso chinoshanda.

Makore maviri gare gare, Government muSunshine Act [76] yakapa nheyo yokusununguka kugadziriro yokuita chisarudzo chimene. Chiito chakaraira kuti misangano yamasangano ehurumende ane mitezo mizhinji (zvakadai seSaucial and Exchange Commission, Federal Commission, uye NUC Regatoriation Commission) ivhure vanhu, nokusabvumiranwa kuganhurirwa. Mutemo uyu wakavavarira kudzivisa zvirongwa zvechiva nekurukurirano dzepamberi pevhu izvo zvinogona kusekesa chivimbo chavose muzvino zvinodzorwa., FOIA neSCUSCUSCS zvakaumba chirongwa chapamutemo icho chakasimbisa kunyorwa nokupinda zvose.

Mitemo Inokosha Nenhau Dzinokosha

Kubvira muma1970, mitemo yokuwedzera uye mabasa evakuru vakuru zvakawedzera uye zvakanatsiridza kuoneka kwemamiriro okunze.

Chirevo Chokuva Woga cha 1974

Yakagadzirwa panguva imwe chete neFOIA Act, Apply Act yakagadzira gadziriro inowirirana yokudzivirira mashoko omunhu oga aichengetwa namasangano ehurumende. Chiito chacho chakapa vanhu kodzero yokuwana zvinyorwa pamusoro pavo vamene, kukumbira kugadziriswa kumashoko asina kururama, uye masangano okusaita kuti ashaye. Mupfungwa iyi, Asclect yakasimbiswa kuti ive pachena kubva pamaonero omunhu oga. Iyi muganhu weIndaneti waigona kuona zvino izvo hurumende yavo yaiziva nezvazvo. Zvisinei, chiito chacho chakaparirawo kusawirirana: zvimwe zvinyorwa zvingava zvinodzorwa pasi peFOIA zvingagona kudziviswa kana kuzivisa kwavo kuumba kuvhozhotera kusina kufanira kwezvakavanzika zvomunhu oga. Iyi ganhuriro pakati pouvandikano uye kuva yakavanzika inopfuurira kuva denho huru mukuita dare.

Murayiro weDare reFederal Advisory (FACA)

Apfuura muna 1972, FACA inodzora kushanda kwamatare ezvokuronga ayo anopa rumbidzo kumasangano ehurumende. Mutemo unoda kuti aya matare ave akadzikama mumitezo yawo, kuti aite misangano yakazaruka, uye kuchengeta zvinyorwa zvinowanika nokuda kwenzvero yavose. FACA inovimbisa kuti nyanzvi dzokunze navachengeti vemibato havasati vachishandisa pesvedzero isakafanira mushure memasuo akavharwa. Nepo mutemo wakatarisana netsoropodzo nokuda kwokuva anonyanyova mabhureausta, unoramba uri dziviriro yokujekerwa kwokujeka kwamashoko nokuda kwamapoka mazhinji asina kurongwa esangano.

Murayiro Wokutonga wa2002

Sezvo Internet yakashandura mashoko, Congress yakapfuudza E-Governament Act kuti ivandudze kuwanikwa kwemashoko ehurumende paIndaneti. Pakati pegadziriro dzayo, chiito chaida masangano kuti aisire marekodhi akati panzvimbo dzavo dzepaIndaneti, kutanga magadziriro epaIndaneti okuita mafafitera okunyoresa, uye kutanga dzimba dzokuverenga dzemagetsi dzeFOIA. Muitiro wacho wakarayirawo kusikwa kwe Data. muna 2009, chiteshinha chapakati chezviteshi chezvivako zvekupinda zvehurumende zvinovhukira. Mutemo uyu wakaratidzirawo kukwidzwa kubva pauni unobva pakuoneka (kukumbira zvikumbiro) kuti zvishaitwe (zvikumbiro zvinooneka zviri pakati peputubhiri).

Mirayiro Yapurezidhendi Nemirairidzo Yavatungamiriri

Purezidhendi mumwe nomumwe akaumba muitiro wokuona nokurayira kwevakuru vakuru. Purezidhendi Bill Clinton akabudisa masangano anoraira kuti ashandise "kuvhura mashoko" pakushandisa FOIA. Purezidhendi George W. Bush, mumigumisiro yapashure pe9/11, akabudisa mirairo yakaganhurira kusvika kwamamwe mashoko, kubatanidza mapepa apurezidhendi pasi pePresidential Recordial Act. Purezidhendi Barback Obama akaita nzvimbo huru yokutarisira kwake ne Government Iread Yount 209], yaida masangano kuti azivise zvirongwa zvakazadzadzanyura. Donald Truply Records Act. Authorictures akatarisana nokunyorwa kwedzimwe masangano ePrejitation paFOA anodzoromese.

Zvinetso Zvinoramba Zvichinetsa Kuti Murapi Uve Nomutoo Unokosha

Masangano eFederal anotarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvinotadzisa kushanda kwemitemo uye kuongorora zvinhu.

Kuchengeteka Kwenyika uye Kunyanyoshandiswa

Zvichida mhinganidzo hurusa yokuoneka kusunungurwa kwechengeteko yenyika. Zvirongwa zvakafanana ne Department of Defense, Central Intelligence Agency, uye Department of State zvinogara zvichinyima mapoka makuru ezvinyorwa pasi pokusazvidira (b), zvinofukidza mashoko akarongwa zvakanaka pasi pomurairo wehurumende. Vatsoropodzi vanotaura kuti gadziriro yokuronga yashandiswa, namasangano achiisa "chakavanzika" pamagwaro ekare kana kuti anongova anongoda kugadziridza. Chishuvo chaVoruzhinji Deconiciation Board chakakumbirazve kuti chideredzedzedzedzedzedzei uwandu hwezvinhu zvakashaikwa uye kuvandudza. Zvisinei, kunyange vakuru vakuru vakuru vehurumende vanowanzorwisa kuwana mashoko anodikanwa, kurega voga mashoko avose.

Kuramba uye Tsika Dzehurumende Dzokuvanza

Kunyange apo kusava neitiro hanya kunenge kuripo, masangano akawanda anodzivisa kuziviswa nemhaka yetsika dzakasimba, kutya kunyadziswa, kana kuti kusadzorwa. Vamiririri veFOIA kazhinji kazhinji vanotarisana nekusakwanira vashandiri vanobatira nokurovedza, kuchitungamirira kumitero isingaperi. Mukuwirirana ne FOIA. gov[[FLLD]], [[FLT]], seweFiscal Year 2023], masangano ehurumende anogamuchirwa kupfuura mirioni imwe FOIA zvikumbiro, uye masangano akawanda akabatira zvikumbiro zvagara zvagara makore mazhinji. Somuenzaniso, ane chimwe chezvikumbiro zvikuru, nezvikumbiro zvakarengwa shure kusvikira muna 2018. Kunonoka kunoderedza nguva iyo inoita kuti FOA ive inokosha. Kuwedzerazve, masangano akawanda ashambarira kushambarira kushambarira nokuda kwokunyanyowandirwa.

Kupindwa Muzvinhu Nemisiyano Yesayenzi

Kushandisa mari kwakakwana nokuda kwokugadzirwa kweFOIA chinetso chisingagumi. Masangano akawanda haana mari yokubhadharisa yakakwana, anoisa mugadziriro dzazvino uno dzokutarisira mapepa, kana kuti kushandisa midziyo yokushandisa magetsi. Masangano maduku anozvimirira anoremerwa zvikuru, sezvo anofanira kuita zvikumbiro nevashandi vashoma. Kushandiswa kwemichina yemazuva ano kunopedza chinetso: mapepa anofanira kuongororwa mumuviri, uye mapepa emichina angagara mumanyuko akarongeka akaoma kunzvera zvizere. Dare rakaedza kutaura nezvawo neChiito FOIA Revision Actal ye , izvo zvakasimbisa kunyorwa kwemapepa okuvanzwa uye masangano anodikanwa kubudisa mapepa anoshanda zvakakumbirwa nenzira inoita, asi kuwanda.

Kuva Woga Nokusunungurwa Kwevanhu Vose

Kudzikamisa kuoneka nokudzivirira munhu paanenge asingazivikanwi kunoramba kuri chiito chakaoma. Kushanda kunofanira kunyatsoita mashoko anokosha akadai senhamba dzeSocial Security, zvinyorwa zvezvokurapa, uye mafaira okuchengetera mutemo vasati vabudisa magwaro. Kuwedzera kunenge kwaita kuti mashoko ashande airatidza kuti vanhu vanyatsozivikanwa. Kuwedzera kwemashoko makuru uye kujekeswa kunowedzera uremu hutsva: kubudisa kunyange nhamba dzakajeka zvinogona dzimwe nguva kuratidza unhu hunokosha hwevanhu vanozivikanwa. Kuongorora zvakavanzika pasi peE-Govern Act kunogona kubatsira, asi hakushandiswi zvakanaka nguva dzose.

Vaiti Vachangobva Kuitwa Vanopa Hurumende

Mumakore makumi maviri apfuura, vanhu vakaedza kubudisa zvinhu zvakawanda kuti vaone kunze kwemaitiro eFOIA, ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu uye kuvimbisana kwevanoda kutorerwa mari.

Hurumende Yakazaruka (09-2010)

Purezidhendi Obama akabudisa Open Government Directive muna December 2009, achiraira madhipatimendi makuru kuita zviito zvakati kuti awedzere kuonana, kutora rutivi, uye kushanda pamwe chete. Murayiro wakarayira kuti sangano rimwe nerimwe ribudise gadziriro yehurumende yakazaruka, igadziri pepa revoruzhinji nokuda kwokuva pachena, uye kubudisa mapepa erefu anoisa. Yakatangawo [ Groupe Government Irefective [, iyo yaiitisa kurukurirano dzavose neagrose. Kunyange zvazvo kuvamba kwakaderera muvarati , kwakaparira miitiro inopfuurira, sokushandiswa kwe [FLD:2].D.[FLT]

Dare reHurumende reOPEN Act (2029)

Chinoiswa mumutemo serutivi rwe Nheyo dzeUfakazi - Hurukuro Act, ichi chiito chakaita chinodikanwa nokuda kwokuzarura mapepa ezvokunyora nokuronga. Chakatungamirira masangano ose ehurumende kubudisa zvinhu zvawo semashandiro emichina, zvisati zviri zvirongwa zvokunyoresa, kutoti zvaganhurirwa nokuvandika, chengeteko, kana kuti zvimwe zvisakafanira pamutemo. Chiito chacho chakagadzawo mutarisiri mukuru weDzinesi pamasangano makuru uye chakasika Dare reTeabhuromendi reChirevo Chokuvaka. Uyu mutemo unoshatisa mutoro pavakukumbira uye vatori venhau, vatsvakurudzi, vatsvakurudzi, vazvishandisi, uye mabhizimisi kuti vavakisheke matururo anobatsira kushandira fariro dzavo.

Kuedza Kugadzira FOIA Mazuva Ano

Mukuwedzera kuchinjo dzemitemo, Office of Information Policy yeDare reRudzi yakatungamirira purogiramu dzokurovedza, uye National Archives and Records Administration inochengeta [[FLT:] Office yeMasangano ePuthoriturement yeHurumende (OGIS)] sechisonzo cheFOMHAMU. OISTES ZVIPUNITES, zvinobudisa miitiro yakanakisisa, uye mishumo yemitengo yesangano gore negore. Masangano akawanda zvino anopa mahofisi epaipi yeProbhoramendi dzinobvumira vadzo dzavo, kunzvera kare kwakabudiswa, uye kugamuchira mapepa. Kuchinja kumiraunziro yemapepa egore, mapepa anodzokororwa nokukurumidza, uye kushatswa kwakarurama.

Basa Rokuchinja Roruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu

Ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu harusi chishandiso chete chokugadzira zvinhu; rwachinja zvikuru nzira yokuona nayo nokunzwisisa.

Kushandisa FOIA Pakombiyuta uye Kufambisa

Nhasi, masangano mazhinjisa esangano reteji yeteji yeteji anogovera chikuva chakavakirwa panyuzi yokupa FOIA zvikumbiro. Mienzaniso inobatanidza Nhevedzo yegadziriro yeChiratidzo cheFOIAonline, inobvumira vanoshandisa kunzvera zvinyorwa zviripo mumasangano akawanda. Koperaratidzo yemichina yokudzidza, inogona kuziva mashoko anozivikanwa nokukurumidza zvikuru namavara avanhu. Nepo zvishandiso zvakadaro zvisati zvakwana zvinobetsera kuderedza purofiti yemitengidzo yakasununguka nokuda kwezvisarudzo zvakaoma. Mamwe masangano anoshandisawo uchenjeri hwokusaririra zviripo kuti agadzirise zvisaruso zvakavakirwa panhau, kunyange zvazvo zvikumbiro zvakasiana kana kuti zvishati.

Mazai Okuisa Mashoko Pachena NeaP

Kupfuura FOIA, masangano ari kubudisa mitsetse mizhinji yemifungo yemashandiro ezvoutano yavanhu vose namabasa emhoteredzo pa .Data.Gov, iyo zvino inoisa mashoko anopfuura 200 000 kubva kumazana esangano. Iyi miraudzo inofukidza chinhu chose kubva pamipimo yemamiriro okunze uye zviratidzo zvemari kumipimo yezvoutano hwavanhu vose uye zviito zvokudzika mibato yemhoteredzo. Kushandiswa kwegadziriro dzemitemo yegadziriro (APH) inobvumira vatengidzi vechitatu vatsi venzvimbo yehurumende kubatanidza manyuko ehurumende mumitezo yePromenti yePromes, uye kunzvera. Iyi inomirira shambanuro yeSangano dzeSangano dzeSangano dzeSangano dzehurumende kuti dzishandukire. [FFF]

Kukurukurirana Kwezvinobudisa Nhau Nenguva Chaiyo

Masangano anoshandira masangano enzanga anoshandisa nenzira inowedzera masangano enzanga kukurukura zvakananga navanhu. Madatendi eDase Control and Prevention (CDC) uye National Aeronautics neUtungamiriyori yeTS nguva dzose [NASA] inogovera kugadzirwa, kubudisa, uye kurarama hova dzezvinoitika zvinokosha. Nepo zvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga zvisingatsivi misero yapamutemo yezvikwanidzo zvokuratidza uye zvinoshandiswa mumitengo iyi, hazvidiwi kutumira mapepa epamutemo muzvinyorwa 280, inokurudzira tsika dzekubudira mashoko anogona kuongororwa namashoko anenge achidzongerwe pachena. Zvisinei, zvinobudisa nhau dzinobudisa nhau dzinobatsira: uyo ane mutoro wokunyora nokunyora nokunyora zvinhu zvinoshandiswa mumitevero, uye mafai anofanira kubatwa sei munya: [Fetmatesetiss] [Freted]

Fundo Dzemhosva Mukuona Kure Kwezvinhu Kwakasiyana - siyana

Mamwe masangano akatanhamara semienzaniso yokuona zvakanaka, nepo mamwe achirwisana nokuvanza kwagara kwenguva refu. Kunzvera mienzaniso yakananga kunopa murangariro wakajeka wenzvimbo yehurumende.

Basa Rokuchengetedza uye Rokuchinjana (SEC)

SEC yave iri imwe yamasangano akazvimirira zvikuru. Inoita kuti EDGAR sells (mishumo yemari ipi neipi nemhedziso) iwanike pachena kuvoruzhinji mukati menhambo dzokuzviisa pasi(8) chishandiso chinokosha chavanoisa mari. SECwo inobudisa misangano yayo yapaindaneti napamapepa akakwana. Nguva dzayo dzokugadzira FAIA kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji dziri nani kupfuura avhareji, murutivi nemhaka yokuti marekodhi mazhinji akatowanika pachena kupfurikidza neEDGAR nedzimwe gadziriro. Sangano yacho inoratidza kuti apo kujeka kwamashoko kunovakwa mumiitiro yokushanda, kuzviisa pasi hakuregi.

Department of Defense (DoD)

Kuno rumwe rutivi rwenzvimbo, DoD inobata mavhoriyamu makuru amashoko anotapura uye yakatarisana netsoropodzwazve nokuda kwezvisarudzo zvayo zvokuisa panzvimbo yadzo zvisingaratidziki nemhinduro dzinovanda FOIA. 2023 yakaongororwa neDoD Inspector General yakawana kuti purogiramu yedhipatimendi yakanga isina utariri hwakakwana uye kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvakakundikana kutevera zvikumbiro zvakarurama. DoD inochengetawo mubatanidzwa mukuru wenhungamiro yakasununguka yakasununguka itsarukana uye mirayiridzo isingawaniki nyore nyore nyore nevoruzhinji. Nepo ichibudisa mashoko akajeka pamusoro pemitengo yakafara yemitemo inoramba chengeteko yenyika. Chinjo dzinotsiridza kuti DoD ingagona kubudisa mabasa makuru, uye kuti kuvanza kwakavanzika kwapamhindwa panzvimbo pezvapamutemo.

National Archives uye Administrations (NARA)

NARA ine basa rakasiyana semutariri wezvinyorwa zvehurumende uye mutarisiri we Predifinitial Records Act[. Inoshanda kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvinyorwa zvinokosha zvenhau zvakachengetwa uye zvakaitwa kuti zvisvike pashure penhambo yakarairwa napamutemo. NARA’s Freedom of Information Act [FUT) Library [[ inobatanidza zvinyorwa zvakarongwa kare zvakaiswa muboka razvo uye zvabudiswa. Zvisinei, NARA amene anotarisana nezvisakiso zvemitemo: zvinyorwa zvinopfumbira kupfuurira kuungana, uye kuchengetedzwa kwamashoko kunodhura. Chiwiriranwa chapachena chinoshatsa . Chiwiriranwa cha [FLT] Chikamu chaMashiciro echino chenyika chenyika chenyika yose [FLT] [FF]

Nhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi Dzomutemo Wokuona Zvakati shandei

Kutarira mberi, miitiro inoverengeka negadziridzo dzinobvira zvichaumba nzira iyo masangano ehurumende anobata nayo chiedza.

Kuchinja Kunoita Kuti FOIA Ive Murayiro

Vatsigiri vazhinji vokuona maziso vanotaura kuti FOIA imene inoda kunyanyowandisa. Zvirongwa zvinobatanidza kubvisa kana kuti kuganhurira kubudiswa kwemitemo nokuda kwefaira, kuumba dare reFOIA rakazvitsaurira kuti ripedze rwisano nokukurumidza, uye kuraira masangano kuzivisa zvinyorwa zvawo zvamabhizimisi zvawo zvakanyanyokumbirwa. FOIA Moderntation Act of 2023[FLL:1], yakatangwa muCongress asi isati yapfuudzwa, yaizoda masangano kugamuchira zvikumbiro zvemagetsi zvamakombiyuta, yaizoda kuti agamuchire chose chose chose, kugadza nguva yapamutemo yemazuva 20 isina kuwedzerwa, uye kuvamba chirongwa chinosvika pachena chemifungo yose yokupedzisira nemashoko. Mutemo une bisparsan, asi kupesana namasangano anoitira basa rinodzorwa basa.

Kuva Wega Nekodzero Yokuziva

As federal databases grow richer, balancing transparency with privacy will become more complex. Citizens have a legitimate interest in seeing how agencies use their personal data—for example, in benefit determinations, law enforcement investigations, or health research. But releasing raw data could expose individuals to identity theft, discrimination, or surveillance. New technologies like differential privacy and synthetic data generation offer ways to preserve statistical utility while protecting individual records. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has been developing privacy framework guidance that agencies may adopt to manage these trade-offs. Future transparency policies will likely incorporate more sophisticated privacy-preserving methods, moving beyond simple redaction.

Kusimbisa Kutora Rutivi Nokutarisira

Kuona chitarisiko haisiyo mhedziso makuri kumene; inzira yokugonesa kutora rutivi kworuzivo. Zvirongwa zviri kuziva nenzira inowedzera kuti kubudisa chete zvinyorwa hakuna kukwana. Zviito zvakafanana na . Gov[[FLT]] zvinobvumira vagari vemo kutsinhira pamusoro pemitemo inokarakadzwa, uye [[[FLT:]] FREDAL register[[[FLT]]] register [[[FLT]]] inogovera kugadziridza kwemibato yebasa renyika. Kudzorwa kwezuva nezuva. Kudzorwa kweBiden's''''kutungamirira [[FT]] Kuregia Reat Ex Everset [FLT] [FLT] [FLT] [FLT] [5] kunokurudzira migove yapanyuko]

Kubatanidza Gadziriro Yokuverenga

Kutaura kunyanyorongwa kunokosha mukuderedza mukaha wokuona. Facial Facial Decordiation Board yakarumbidza kwenguva refu kugadza mutoo wakaoma zvikuru, wakavakirwa pangozi kuronga kuti zvinyorwa zvenhau zvitange kunyorwa. Vamwe vaiti vemitemo vakakarakadza "kuvandudza" uko kungangoerekana kwaita kuti magwaro adzike pashure pamakore 25 kutoti kuvadziko chaiyo kuchengeteko yenyika kungaratidzwa. Chinjo yakadaro ingawedzera zvikuru vhoriyamu yezvinyorwa zvinowanika pasina kuda zvikumbiro zvitsva zveFOIA. Zvisinei, kungadawo kuchinja shavo shavo munje mukati mouchenjeri namasangano anodzivirira izvo zvakafanana nokuchengeteka.

mhedziso

Kushanduka kwemitemo yokuratidza pachena iri mumasangano ehurumende yehurumende yehurumende kunoratidza kurwisana kwenguva refu pakati pechido chehurumende yakazaruka uye zvinhu chaizvoizvo zvinoshanda zvokutarisira, chengeteko, uye kuva woga. Kubva pakuratidzwa kwechiratidzo cherusununguko rweInformation Act muna 1966 kusvikira kumirayiro yakazarukira yoruwa rwa2010, chizvarwa chimwe nechimwe chakakudza kodzero yavanhu kuziva. Ruzivo rwawedzera nhanho yechinjo yechinjo, kugovera zvose zviri zviviri zvokuzvidavirira nemigwagwa mitsva nokuda kwokuramba kusingawiriraniswi. Chinonyadziripo (8) búrecracracy, kuperevedza kwamapidhi, kushaikwa kwezviwirira, kudzo dzapanyurwa, uye kusanzwa kwapachivande.

Kufambira mberi, kuzvipira kwevatungamiriri vehurumende, kungwaririra kwenzanga, uye kuda kweDare kuita chinjo dzine revo kuchatema kana kujeka kwehurumende kuchipfuurira kukura. Vagari vamene vane basa rokuita: kupfurikidza nokuisa zvikumbiro zveFOIA, kupfurikidza nokushandisa mashoko akazaruka, uye kuraira kuti masangano anonamatira kutsamba nemudzimu wokuona. Hurumende inojeka zvirokwazvo haisati iri iyo inogamuchira bedzi zvikumbiro zvine revo, asi iyo inokarira kudikanwa kwavanhu kuziva nokutanga basa ravo kuti vaongorore. Kuwana chiono kuchada nhamburiko inopfuurira, asi nheyo dzakavanza pamusoro pamakumi matanhatu amakore apfuura dzinogovera hwaro hwakasimba nokuda kwefambiro mberi munguva yemberi.