Kudzora Zvakatipoteredza kweIndia

Hurumende yeIndia inoshanda mune imwe yenzvimbo dzakapoteredza dzakaoma zvikurusa kudzora nyika. Nevagari vemo vanopfuura 1.4 bhiriyoni, kukura kweupfumi, uye kukura kwematombo echando zvinosvika kumahombekombe egungwa, nzira yenyika yokuchengetedza nayo mhoteredzo nokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze inoda kubatana mubatanidzwa wenyika, mabasa akasiyana - siyana, uye nzvimbo dzakasiyana - siyana. Minisi yezvakapoteredza, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFC) inoshanda sechinhu chikuru chinosashandiswa nechero, asi kugadziriswa kunoshanda kunobva pamadhipatimendi enyika, mitumbi yehurumende, uye kupindira kwemitemo.

Denho dzemhoteredzo dzeIndia dzakakomba zvikuru. Idzo dziri pakati penyika dzinetapurwa zvikurusa netapuro dzemamiriro okunze . nhando nomwe muGlobal Climate Discial Index [2022] yeGlobal Climate Displace Index / 1] nepo dzichivawo mhepo yechitatu inopfuudza mhepo inodziridza. Kudzikamiswa kwezvinangwa neganhuriro dzemhoteredzo newirirano yemhoteredzo. Nyaya inonzvera miitiro, uye masangano izvo India anodzora nayo mamiriro okunze emo yepasi zvinochinja, zvichiva pamusoro pezvinoitika zvemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi uye nhano dzakamira.

Mavambo Ebumbiro Remitemo Nemitemo

Mitemo

Chiteshi cheConstitution yeIndia pakuvamba chakanga chisina gadziriro yakajeka yokudzivirira mhoteredzo. Dare rechi 42nd Amendment muna 1976 rakawedzera Chikamu 48A, icho chinotungamirira nyika kudzivirira nokuvandudza mhoteredzo nokudzivirira masango nemhuka, uye Article 51A (g), icho chinoiita basa rinokosha romugari wemo ari wose kudzivirira mhoteredzo yomusikirwo. Dare Rapamusoro rakadudzira chose chose Chikamu 21 (maruramiro oupenyu) kubatanidza maruramiro emhoteredzo yakachena, kugadzira chishandiso chine simba nokuda kwefariro yavose.

Mitemo Yakakosha Yemhoteredzo

Environal Protection Act (EPA), 1986: yakatapurwa pashure pengwavaira yegasi reBhopal, EPA inogovera gadziriro yeambreal yetsinhirano yehurumende yechakati yechaunga chemhoteredzo. Inopa simba hurumende yepakati kugadza mipimo nokuda kwokubudisa tsvina, tsvina, uye kunaka kwemhoteredzo. Chitendiso chakashandiswa kuzivisa Kudzorwa kwemhoteredzo yemhoteredzo (EIA), miraudzo yemitezo yenzvimbo yemhenderekedzo yegungwa yegungwa, uye mitemo yokutarisira tsvina ine ngozi.

Act (Chongedzero), 1980: Ichi chiito chinoda tendero yehurumende yepakati nyika ipi neipi yesango isati yagona kutsaurirwa nokuda kwamadonzo asiri evhu. Chakaderedza zvikuru kutemwa kwemiti nezvirongwa zvenzvimbo dzamabasa okugadzirwa kwezvinhu, kunyange zvazvo kugadzirwa kwemibato kunoramba kuchirwisana. Kubvira muna 2023, anopfuura mamirioni 1,5 enyika yesango yakanga yatsauswa pasi pomutemo weAct, neadic compestation afture.

Wildlife Protection Act, 1972:[FLT: 1] Ichi chiito chakatanga gadziriro yapamutemo yenharaunda dzakadzivirirwa(mapaki amarudzi ose), nzvimbo dzemhuka, nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka, matura etiger, uye nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka. Inodzorawo kuvhima, kutengeserana muzvinhu zvemhuka dzesango, uye inoumba chivako chenzvimbo chezvifuyo zvikuru zvemhuka nenzvimbo dzesango.

National Green Tribunal Act, 2010:[FLT] NGT inogovera chirongwa chinoshanda nokuda kwechisarudzo chenharo yemhoteredzo, namabhenji muIndia. Inobata nhau dzine chokuita nokuputswa kwemhoteredzo, muripo wekuvadziko, uye kuchengetwa kwamaruramiro emhoteredzo. NGT yazova mudzori anoshingaira, inobudisa mirairo pamusoro pokushatisa mhepo, kutarisirwa kwetsvina, uye kudzorwa kwamaindasitiri.

Kutonga Nokutonga Kwemhoteredzo

Dare renhau rakakwirira reIndia rakaita basa risingawanzoshandisiwi mukudzora mhoteredzo. Zvisarudzo zvepanyika zvinobatanidza Ganga nhau yokushatisa [1988], iyo yakatungamirira matehwe okugadzira matehwe kugadza nzvimbo dzokurapa; [[FLT]] Njoka yeCNG [[[FLT]] [3], yakaraira kushandurwa kwezvokufambisa vanhu vose kufefefetera gasi yomusikirwo; uye [[FLT: 4.] Godvarman chinoitika cha[FLT:] (196]]), iyo yakarondedzerwazve kuti “kubatanidza nzvimbo dzose dzedare, kuunza rondedzero hurusa mukati mativi edziviriro. Dare guru rinopfuurira kutarira Dare rekuchengetera Central Central Dare reCCE).

Kuronga Kwenyika Pakuchinja Kwemamiriro Okunze

Yatangwa muna 2008, National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) ichiri gadziriro huru yemamiriro okunze eIndia. Inozivisa mibatanidzwa misere yeNational Mission inopa hurukuro nokuchinja nokupinda muzvikamu zvikuru. NAPCC inozivikanwa nokuda kwokusimbisa zviito zvinobatanidza zvinangwa zvinofambira mberi zvinangwa pakubudirira apo inoparira betsero dzemamiriro okunze.

Mabasa Masere Erudzi

National Solar Mission (Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission): Pakutanga yakaisa pa20W yesimba rezuva pa2022, chipfuro chakavandudzwa kusvika ku100 GW uye yasangana zvikuru. India yawana 81 GW yakaiswa zuva rapakuvamba serekuvamba kwe 2025, ichidzorwa nemisika inodenha yakavakirwa padanga, kugadzira zvikarakadzo kupfurikidza nechirongwa cheUnionsion Concendiced Incentive (PLI), uye kugadzirwa kwenzvimbo huru yezuva. Mishoni yezuva yakawana simba rekunangurira rapa , inosvika 04 / KKNHAUR.

Mission yeNational for Electd Energy Euniverse (NEEE): Iyi basa inoshanda kupfurikidza nemiitiro yakavakirwa pamusika kubatanidza Fange, Dectie and Trade (PAT) nokuda kweshandiro resimba ramabasa okugadzira zvinhu, Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC), uye Purogiramu yeMabhazi yeIPF yakafukidza mayuniti anopfuura 1 000 emaindasitiri, kusvitsa mutengo wakaenzana namamirioni 10 eoiri yeoiri gore negore.

Mission yeNational: Yakanangidzirwa pamibatanidzwa yemibatanidzwa yezviwanikwa zvemvura, basa racho rinovavarira kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemvura zvakanaka panosvika 20%. Zvirongwa zvinokosha zvinosanganisira Jal Jeevan Mission, yakagovera mvura yepombi kudzimba dzomumaruwa dzinopfuura mamiriyoni 120 (inofukidza 75% yemisha yomumaruwa panosvika 2024), uye Atal Bhujal Yhonga nokuda kwokutarisira mvura pasi.

National Mission for Sunging the Himalayan Ecosystem: Iyi basa rinokurukura kuvadziko yenharaunda yeHimalaya kuchinjika kwomugariro wokunze kupfurikidza nokunzvera, nzvero, uye kuchinjika kwenzanga. Yakatanga mubatanidzwa wemibato yemivhiyano nezviteshi zvokunzvera uye inotsigira zvirongwa zvehurumende zvenyika dzeHimalaya.

Mission yerudzi nokuda kweGreen India: Yakanangidzirwa paruvara nemubatanidzwa wemhoteredzo yapasi, basa racho rinovavarira kuwedzera nzvimbo inovharwa nemamirioni mashanu ehekita ndokuvandudza kunaka kwemamwe mahekita mamirioni mashanu. Inotsigira matare anotarisira masango namasangano akaenzana emisha mukushandisa mibato yemiti nemikudzi.

National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA): NMSA inosimudzira miitiro yemamiriro okunze namabasa okurima akavhengana kubatanidza gadziriro dzokurima, kurima kwemagaro, unyanzvi hwemichina yemvura husingashandisi mvura (kudiridza, kusaisa) uye inishuwarenzi yezvirimwa kupfurikidza nePradanhan Fasal Bima Yoya. Naizvozvo makadhi outano akapiwa kuvarimi vanopfuura mamirioni 230 kuti vatsigire feme yakadzikama.

Mission yeNational on Strategical Knowledge for Climate Change: Iyi mibatanidzwa yemari yemishoni yokunzvera, zvirongwa zvokurovedza, uye kuvakwa kwenzvimbo nokuda kwesayenzi yemamiriro okunze negadziriro. Yakatanga nzvimbo dzokuchinja mamiriro okunze mumayunivhesiti uye inotsigira Indian Network for Climate Change Assesment (INCCA), iyo inobudisa zvigadzirwa zveINHGG.

National Mission on Sustainable Habitat:[[FLT: 1] Iri basa rinotsigira kuchengetwa kweguta, rinosimudzira zvivako zvinoshanda zvakanaka kwesimba kupfurikidza neEnergy Conservation Building Code, kutarisirwa kwetsvina yomuguta kupfurikidza neSwachh Bharat Mission, uye kunatsiridzo dzokufambisa dzavose dzakadai sokukura kwemetroporo mumaguta 20+ maguta.

Zvirongwa Zvehurumende Pazvinochinja Mamiriro Okunze (SAPCC)

Nyika imwe neimwe nendima yebatanidzwa yakatanga State Action Plan on Climate Change, inowirirana nezvinovakirwa zvomunzvimbomo nezvinoiswa pakutanga. Zvirongwa izvi zvinodzokororwa makore mashanu ari ose. Somuenzaniso, kuisa ngwariro kwaGujarat pasimba rezuva nenzvimbo dzemhenderekedzo dzegungwa kunosiana nokusimbisa kwaAssam pakusimba kwemafashamo uye kugadziridzwa kwetiti. Hurumende yepakati inogovera nhungamiro, tsigiro yezvoruzivo rwezvokugadzira zvinhu, uye mari kupfurikidza neClima Chate Change Action Programme (CAP), asi inotaura zvikurukuru kugadzirwa kwemari kupfurikidza nebhajekosi ravo vamene uye zvirongwa zvemari zvinotsigirwa nenzvimbo.

Gadziriro Huru Dzokuchengetedza

Purojeti Yokuchengetedza Zvemhuka Nezvokuchengetedza Mhuka

Yakatangwa muna 1973, Project Tiger ndiimwe yenhano dzinobudirira zvikurusa dzekuchengetedza muIndia. Purogiramu yakatangwa nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa tiger nedziviriro dzakawedzerwa, kutarisirwa kwenzvimbo yokugara, uye zvitsauko zvinodzivisa kupoka. India inoshanda panzvimbo dzinochengetwa dzetiger 53 dzinofukidza makiromita 78,000. Mukuwirirana na2023 All India Tiger Estimation Report, chiverengero chatiger weIndia chinomira panenge pa3,682, vanomirira 75% yechiverengero chavagari vetiger vomunyika yose.

Dzimwe purogiramu dzezvizvarwa zvinochengetedzwa nezvidhori dzinoshandiswa kuchengetedza zvinosanganisira Groep Elephant (1992, Project Rhino, uye Chibvumirano cheNyatsi yeGreat Indian Bustard purogiramu. India yakatangawo maturary 18, kubatanidza Nilgiri, Sundarbans, uye naNanda Devi, zvinobatira semienziropu yezvisakiso zvokuchengetedza nokubudirira.

Zvinoitwa Nezvirongwa Zvenyika

Chirongwa ichi chinozivisa kuti zvinenge zvichidiwa nevanhu 12 kusanganisira kudzivirira marudzi ari pangozi, kuwedzera mibatanidzwa yenzvimbo yakadzivirirwa, uye kubatanidza zvinhu zvipenyu nezvinoiswa muzvikamu zvakarongwa. Kubatanidza zvirongwa zvenzvimbo nenzvimbo zvinosanganisira zvirongwa zvenzvimbo nenzvimbo uye kuumbwa kwemasangano ezvikamu 2 500 zvezvinhu zvipenyu nenzvimbo.

Biological Diversity Act, 2002 inoda betsero nokuda kwokushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvezvinhu zvipenyu nezivo yamagamuchidzanwa. National Biodiversity Authority inodzora kuiswa kwezviwanikwa zvipenyu uye yakatendera zvikumbiro zvinopfuura 300 zvokunzvera nokushandisa mitauro yakawanda, kubudisa mari yokuchengetedza kupfurikidza nezvibvumirano zvinobetsera.

Kutema Masango Nokudzorerwa Kwesango

India yakatsunga kugadzira imwezve munyu wecarbon mabhiriyoni 2,5 ne3 econnes yakaenzana nomune imwe sango nomuchifukidzo chemiti pakasvika 2030, sechimwe chikamu chegadziriro dzayo dzehwaro dzeNational Faced Prevition (NDC).

  • Compotation Affestation Fund and Planning Authority (CAMPA):[[FT:1] Mari yeDare Gurusa inounganidza mari nokuda kwokugadziridzwa kwesango ndokuiendesa mukuita kuti ipfuure. CAMPA corpus inopfuura 760,000 crore (approx. $7.2 bhirioni), inodzorwa kupfurikidza namasangano ehurumende eCMPA.
  • [[FT:0] Dare reNational Afferation and Eco-Development:[[FT:1] mari inotema miti kupfurikidza namadhipatimendi esango renyika uye matare anotarisira sango akabatana.
  • [[FLT: 0] Breach India Mission: Inonangidzira ngwariro padzorerwo yemhoteredzo, kubatanidza miti yemangrove, masvosve, uye masango, nokutora rutivi munzanga.
  • [[FLT: 0] masango eUrban neNagar Van Scheme: yakatangwa muna 2020, gadziriro yokugadzira masango 200 omumaguta munzanga dzomunzvimbomo, chikamu chavanhu, uye mitumbi yomunzvimbomo yomumaguta.

Chifukidziro chesango reIndia, sezvinoshumwa neIndia Ennational State of Forest Report 2023, chiri pa 21.76% yenharaunda yenzvimbo, wedzero yamakiromita akaenzana kumativi mana 1 445 chifo cha 2021.

Kuwedzera Kwesimba Kunodzokororwa

Kutungamirira Simba Rezuva

India yabuda seimba yamagetsi yepasi renyika yose. International Solar Alliance (ISA]], yakavakwa naIndia neFrance muna 2015, zvino ine nyika dzinopfuura 120 dziri mitezo. Mumhuri, India yakaisa 81 GW yesimba rezuva sango ra2025, kukwira kubva pasi pe 3 GW muna 2014.

  • Solars Park Scheme: Development ye 50 papaki dzezuva munyika 22, imwe neimwe kupfuura 500 MW
  • Rooftop Solar Programme: Commosferet kusvitsa 40 GW yedenga rezuva panosvika 2026
  • Screate yeDSPRI yeDSV PV Manufectriting: Kuvaka simba rokugadzira zvinhu repamba kubva pa 60 GW kusvika ku100 GW
  • Greek Energy Open Access Rules, 2022: Kubvumira vatengi kuvamba simba rinomutsidzirwa zvakananga kubva kuvagadziri

Masimba Okufema Nemabasa Ane Hyrid

India inoisa nhamba yechina munyika yose musimba remhepo rakaisirwa, neanenge 46 GW. National Wind Energy Mission inonangidzira pakudzoserazve turbines dzekare, kukura kwemhepo iri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa (kunotangira 30 GW pedyo ne2030), uye zvirongwa zvakavhengana zvemhepo inovhuvhuta zuva. Mahombekombe eGujarat neTamil Nadu akazivikanwa nokuda kwokurekodwa kwemhepo yemhenderekedzo yegungwa, nedzinyoro dzakatangwa muna 2024.

Zvirwere Zvemagetsi Zvinokwanisa Kugadzirwazve

NDC yakavandudzwa yeIndia inobatira 500 GW yemagetsi asingashandisi magetsi panosvika 2030. Panosvika 2025, yakaisirwa simba rinomutsidzirwa rinopfuura 180 GW (kubatanidza hydrod). Nyika inovavarira kusvitsa 50% yezvinodikanwa zvayo zvamagetsi kubva kumanyuko anomutsidzirwa panosvika 2030. Nepo marasha achiri manyuko makuru (anenge 220 GW yakaisirwa), mugove wezvimutsva muchizvarwa wakwira kusvika ku30% muFY2025, nerongedzero dzedanho yemarasha pasi panzvimbo pekurega, achiziva kuchengeteka nokurangarira basa.

Kugadzikana Kwomamiriro Okunze Nokutarisirwa Kwenjodzi

Kugadziridza Zvinhu

Kuchinja mamiriro okunze kuIndia kunoita kuti 70% yemari yose yaishandiswa pakuchengetedza mamiriro okunze, zvichiratidza kuti nyika yacho inogona kuwirwa nemamiriro okunze akaipa.

  • National Emplitation Fund on Climate Change (NAFCC):[ Zvirongwa zvemari mukurima, pfuma yemvura, uye nzvimbo dzemhenderekedzo dzegungwa, nezvinopfuura 761 000 zvechitsama chenzvimbo yenzvimbo yepasi zvakagoverwa kumabasa enzvimbo dzehurumende.
  • Kutarisirwa kwenzvimbo: National Centre for Sustainable Coast Management inoshanda pamepu yengozi, kudzorerwa kwemazamu, uye kurovedzana nenzanga muSundarbans nedzimwe nharaunda dzemhenderekedzo yegungwa.
  • Ubhan Heat Island Mitigation:[[FLT: 1] Heat Action Plan, yakapindwa noAhmedabad muna 2013 uye zvino yakafanana namaguta 30, inobatanidza gadziriro dzapakuvamba dzokunyevera, nzvimbo dzinotonhorera, uye kuvaka chinjo dzezvinhu kuderedza miuyo yedzvinyiriro yokupisa.
  • Mission Shakti nokuda kweMGNREGA Irguation:[[FLT Gandhi National Moral MorcesStict Act newirirano yemamiriro okunze(anopfuura 60% yeMGNREGA) inobatanidza kuchengeteka kwemvura, kupedziswa kwemvura pasi, uye kugadzirwa kwemvura, kugadzirirwazve kwakananga pamwero womusha.

Ngozi Yenjodzi Inoderedzwa

National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) inoronga mhinduro yemamiriro okunze ane chokuita nenjodzi. Kudzorwa kwedutu kwavandudza zvikuru kwazvo. Cyclone Phailin (2013) vanhu vane mamiriyoni 1, vakaderedza kufa kusvika ku 45 zvichienzaniswa ne10 000+ muna 1999 mhepo ine simba guru. Hurumende yakaisa nzvimbo dzinovakwa nedutu guru remhepo, gadziriro dzenyevero dzekare, uye mibatanidzwa yemhenderekedzo yegungwa. Masangano anofungidzira kuti Mafashamo afutunukira kufukidza 250+ zviteshi zverwizi, uye mari yePromedzo yeMafashamo inodzorwa kuvaka uye kurovedza rwizi inoshanda.

Kushandira Pamwe Kwenyika Dzose Nokushaya Marasha Mumamiriro Okunze

Chibvumirano cheParis NezveNDC

India mutambi mukuru mukurukurirano dzemamiriro okunze enyika yose. Mupiro wayo Wakatsunga munyika yose (NDC) pasi peChibvumirano cheParis, chakavandudzwa muna 2022, inoita izvi:

  • Dzivisa kukura kweGDP pa2030 kubva muna 2005
  • Kuwana 50% yesimba rinowedzerwa kubva kumanyuko asati ari efosi panosvika 2030
  • Ita imwe kabhoni inonyura matani mabhiriyoni 2,5 ne3 eCO2 akaenzana nomusango nomumiti pakazosvika 2030

India yakazivisawo chipfuro chenet-zero ne 2070, kunyange zvazvo vaongorori vanocherekedza iyi bhajeti yecarbon inokosha ine chokuita ne 2050 yepfupi yamarudzi akabudirira zvikurusa.

Kubatanidzwa Kwakawanda Nekubatanidzwa Kwakawanda

India anotora rutivi nokushingaira mu [[FLT: 0] Chibvumirano cheNhaka yeNdengedzero yeNhengo [CDRASI], [[FLT]] International Solar Alliance, uye Asia-Pacific Climate Transformation . Kubatira pamwe kwemamitengiriro enzvimbo nesimba rakachena kwakapararira neJapan, United Kingdom, uye United States. Activegate neMozation Dialogion (AFM)[FD] [FFM], inotanga paCP, inochinja COP, inosimudzira simba rezvemari yemari yezvokuchinja.

India yakaita basa rinovaka mu Group Working Itsinhanisa Mari Group uye yave iri mutsigiri akasimba nokuda kweruramisiro yemamiriro okunze uye kururamisira mumarudzi ose, ichisimbisa mutoro wenhau wamarudzi akabudirira nenheyo yeMitoro yaVose neNdendedzero yakasiana neNdevedzero (CBDR-RRRC).

Kubatanidzwa Munzanga Nokudzora Kwomunzvimbomo

Kutarisirwa Kwesango Kwakabatanidzwa (JFM)

Chifo cha 1990, JFM yakabatanidza nzanga dzomunzvimbomo mukudzivirirwa kwesango nokutarisirwa kupfurikidza neVillage Forest Committee neJoint For Manage Management Committee. Matare anopfuura 118 000 anotarisira inenge mamirioni 25 esango. Betsero dzinobatanidza maruramiro ehuni (kuunganidzwa kwehuni, chokudya, uye zvigadzirwa zvesango zvisingashandiswi), basa mumasango rinoshanda, uye kudyira mari pakucheka mapuranga. Vatsoropote vanoona kuti kutora rutivi kweJFM kwaderera nemhaka yetsika nebetsero inosakafanira, asi muenzaniso unoramba uri wenheyo yokuchengetedzwa kwenzanga.

Matare Okutarisira Zvipenyu Nemagirazi eGram Sabha

Bological Diversity Act inoraira Biodiversity Management Committee (BMCs) pamwero wegiramu yegamu yegalamu yegaidhi, iyo inonyora zvisikwa zvakasiyana - siyana zvomunharaunda, inogadzirira Mabhakitiro echikwata chevanhu, uye inovimbisa kubatsira kusingachinji pakushandiswa kwemarudzi akasiyana - siyana. Anenge 2 500 BMCS yakatangwa, zvikurukuru munyika dzezveupfumi hwemarudzi ose dzakaita seKerala, Odisha, uye Hikal Pradesh. [[FLT: 0] Act yekodzero dzekodzero dzeruzhinji dzenzanga, 2006[FLD:1] inoziva kodzero dzenzanga dzenzanga dzenzanga dzinopfuura mamirioni 15 , dzinopiwa simba kuti dzidzore masango pasi pemasangano azvokuzvirongwa.

Kuziva Zvakatipoteredza uye Dzidzo

Hurumende inoita Dare reNational Environment Awareness Campaign (NEAC), mari yeNGO, zvikoro, uye makoreji kuti itungamirire zvirongwa zvokuziva pamusoro pokutarisira tsvina, kuchengetedzwa kwemvura, uye chiito chemamiriro okunze. Vatori rutivi vanopfuura 2 miriyoni vanosvikwa gore negore. purogiramu yeNational Green Corps [ purogiramu yakatanga Eco-Club muzvikoro 15 000, kubatanidza vadzidzi mukusima miti neshongedzero dzesimba. [[FGLT: 4.] Maguta aS] Anoshanda muchadenga.

Zvinetso Nokutsoropodza

Miganhu

Pasinei zvapo nezvirongwa zvemiitiro yakawanda, kuronga kunoramba kusina kuenzana. Zvinetso zvikuru zvinosanganisira:

  • Kupindwa muropa ne $ Maakaundi e 70% echizvarwa chemagetsi, uye kudzika kwemarasha kunodziviswa nokurangarira kuchengeteka kwesimba nenzvimbo dzinovigwa nemarasha. Chivako chemarasha chitsva chinobvumira kupfuurira kunyange sezvo kuwedzera kunomutsidzira.
  • Njodzi yeshatiso: The National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) inodokuderedza 40% mumwero wePM2.5. pa2026 (v. 2019line), asi fambiro mberi yave ichinonoka mumaguta akawanda 132 aisava anosvika. Maguta anenge 30 bedzi ari kutevera kuti asvike.
  • Kudzora kukurusa: Kudzongonyedzwa kwenyika yesango nokuda kwokuchera mugodhi, zvivako zvenzvimbo dzinoshandiswa pakuchera migodhi, mikoto yezviwiro, migwagwa), uye dziviriro zvinopfuurira, nokuchenesa mhoteredzo kunowanzobudiswa pasina kudzorwa kwakakomba kwesango.
  • [[Ntomba: 0] Kuderera kwemvura pasi pevhu, zvikurukuru muPunjab, Haryana, uye mativi eTengayana, kunoisa ngozi. Jal Shakti Abhiyan naAtal Bhujal Yhoja yakaita mugwagwa wakaganhurirwa mukurwisana nemitemo yokurima nedzidzo yakadzika.
  • Ukuru hwekudzora: Dare rokudzora Hurumende pakati nepakati harina vashandi vakawanda uye rakashongedzerwa zvakanaka, zvichitungamirira kukudzikamisa kuduku kwekubudisa nokubudisa mipimo.

Zvinetso Zvemari

Chinodikanwa chemari yezvemamiriro okunze cheIndia chinofungidzirwa kuva $5,5 mabhiriyoni panosvika 2030. Mari yehurumende yazvino inobva mumanyuko ose (mari yakatsaurwa yemari yemari yemari, bhajeti yehurumende, yamuro yakasiyana- siyana) inosvika ku $20 mabhiriyoni pagore, zvichisiya mukaha mukuru. Kushandiswa kwemapazi echikamu anomutsidzirwa kwave kwakasimba, asi kugadziridza mari, zvikurukuru nokuda kwokurima, mvura, uye mahombekombe, mari inoderera zvikuru. NationalIdation Fund

Zvinangwa Zvomunguva Yemberi Nemapepa

Netwo - zero 2070 Nezviitiko Zvikuru

Chinopfuudzwa cheIndia chenet-zero ra2070 chinotsigirwa nenhevedzo shanu dzinonzi Pancamrit

  • 500 GW inotakurika mafuta pakazosvika 2030
  • 50% magetsi anodiwa nezvinhu zvinogadziridzwa pakazosvika 2030
  • Pakazosvika 2030, kuderedzwa kwematani mabhiriyoni 1 eco2 eUSC
  • Kuderera kwouwandu hweGDP pa45% panosvika 2030 (kubva muna 2005 mwero)
  • Kusikwa kwemuti womuti wecarbon wematani ane mabhiriyoni 2,5 ne3 nomusango

LIFE Mission (Moferasty for Environment), inotangwa paCOP26, inosimudzira mitoo inotsigisa yokushandisa kupfurikidza nokuchinja kwetsika pamwero yomunhu oga nenzanga, inoparadza simba, mvura, tsvina, uye zvisarudzo zvezvokudya.

Magetsi Emapoka

Kufamba kwakarongwa: Hurumende yakada kutengeswa kwemotokari dzemagetsi 30% pakazosvika 2030, zvichitsigirwa neFAME (Kurerwa neManitaidzo yeHybrid neGreek Vehicles) urongwa nemitemo yehurumende. Kugadzirwa kwenzvimbo dzemagetsi kuri kutevedzerwa nokushandira pamwe kwehurumende uye kubatanidzwa kwemasangano.

hydrogen yegirini: The National Green Hydrogen Mission, ine mutsetse wemazai 93444, chipfuro chematani 5 ehydrogen magirini gore negore panosvika 2030, ichiisa India senzvimbo huru yenyika yose yokugadzira hydrogen nokutumira kunze kwenyika.

[[FLT: 0] Upfumi hwemari:[[FLT: 1] India iri kutanga mitemo yegadziriro yemitoro yomuitisi wepurasitiki yakatambanudzwa (EPR) mhiri kwepurasitiki, bhatiri, e-waste, uye maqumhu. The Swach Bharat Mission naPlast Waste Management Ress kuvavarira kuwana 50% yepurasitiki pakasvika 2026.

Misika yeCalbon: The Energy Conservation (Amendment) Mutemo 2022 unogonesa kugadzirwa kwegadziriro yokutengesa kabhoni yokutenga nechikwereti yomumba, inokarirwa kuva inoshanda panosvika 2026, ichigovera gadziriro yomusika yokuderedza kudisa nokushanda.

Kuchinja Kwezvirongwa

Hurumende iri kushanda kukugadza Sat yeIndian neClimate Change Service sekadhi yakatsaurirwa, inosimbisa unani hwesayenzi nerokuchengeta mhoteredzo. GDP [[FLT]] GH [[FLT]], mukukura neNational Astrogram Survery Office, ichazvidavirira nokuda kwedoma guru rezvizvarwa mumitengo yorudzi, ichizivisa kuti nzvimbo dzinochengetedzwa dzinochengetwa nechisarudzo chemari.

mhedziso

Mutoo weIndia wokuchengetedza mhoteredzo nokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze unoratidzira nzvimbo yawo yechienzi senyika iri kusimukira ine zvishuvo zvikuru zvokukura, mhatsa huru yemhoteredzo, uye kuderera kwemamiriro okunze akakomba. Gadziriro yemitemo (jere remitemo) kubva kumirayiro yeNaPCC uye gadziriro dzokuchengetedza marudzi (inobatanidza zvakawanda uye inowanzofambira mberi. Zvisinei, kuganhurirwa kunoramba kuchidzorwa nemikaha yenzvimbo yokuronga, dzvinyiriro dzinokwikwikwidza, uye ganhuriro dzemari.

Hurumende yakaratidzira kuzvipira kwechokwadi kukuwedzerazve simba, kudzorera masango, uye kuvakazve mugariro wokunze, asi kutsamira pamarasha, dzvinyiriro yemvura, uye kushatiswa kunopfuurira kuparira ngozi. Kudzorwa kwemhoteredzo yeIndia kuchatsamira pakusimbisa masangano omunzvimbomo, kuwedzera kwemitengo, uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti co-benefitments yechiito chemamiriro okunze, kupfuutsa mamiriro okunze, uye mararamiro anochengeteka anoramba aripo panyika. Munyika umo mhoteredzo inobatana nokuchengeteka nokugadzirwa kwemitengo, kubudirira kweidziro yetsika idzi kuchayerwa mukugadziriswa kwenzvimbo nenzvimbo nenzvimbo. Nokuda kwemitengo. [FF:]