Table of Contents

Injini Yomutemo Inotsigira Mitemo Yemhoteredzo

Mitemo yemhoteredzo haibudi mudhuri wemhepo wakachena. Mupimo uri wose wemhepo yakachena, ruvara rwuri rwose rwemvura, uye marudzi ari ose ari mungozi anodzivirira anodzokera shure kuchisarudzo chawo chakati chomutemo. Kuvambira pahoro dzeCongress kusvikira kumitemo, mirau yamabasa ayo anopa simba kana kuti kumanikidza masangano, kugovera mari nokuda kwokuchengeta, uye kuisa zvinhu zvokutanga zvakanyanyisa nokuda kwomuitiro wemhoteredzo. Kunzwisisa kuti izvi zvisarudzo zvemitemo zvinoumba nzvimbo inodzorwa zvinokosha sei nokuda kwemunhu upi noupi anoda kunzwisisa chikonzero nei dziviriro yemhoteredzo yakasimba uye vamwe vakaneta — uye kuti vagari vemo vanogona sei kupesvedzera muuyo.

Nyaya ino inonzvera rwendo kubva kubhiri kuenda kumitemo, vatambi vakuru vanobatanidzwa, mhinganidzo dzinomuka, uye tapuro chaiyoiyo yenyika yezvisarudzo zvemitemo. Kupfurikidza nokuputsa muitiro nokunzvera fundo dzenhau, tinonzvera kuti kuita mutemo kunosarudza sei zvakananga kushanda kwemitemo yemhoteredzo.

Gadziriro Yomutemo: Kubva Kubhiri Kuenda Kumubatanidzwazve

Kupa mitemo kunovamba sepfungwa, kazhinji kazhinji inonyandurwa nenjodzi, mushumo wesayenzi, kana kuti dzvinyiriro yavose.

Chikarakadzo Uye Sumo

Mudare remhoteredzo, zvikwereti zvingabva muIndary Committee on Energy and Commerce, Dare reDare reDare reMbangi nePublic Works, kana kuti dzimwe nzvimbo dzine simba pamusoro pezvinhu zvomusikirwo. Chibvumirano chacho chinogoverwa nhamba uye chinonongedzerwa kudare rakakodzera. Panenge padanho iri rapakuvamba, mutauro unogona kuumbwa zvikuru nenhengo dzevashandi, mazano epamutemo, uye kunze kwevatambi. Mapoka echishuvo anowanzotumira rugwaro rwezvokunyora kana kuti kugadzirisa, achikarira kutungamirira rugwaro rwacho munzira yakanaka.

Kutongwa Nedare uye Kucherwa

Matare ane mhaka apo nyanzvi, vakuru vakuru vesangano, vamiriri vemaindasitiri, uye mapoka ezvokutengesa mashoko anopupurira. Uku kutonga kunobatira zvose zviri zviviri mashoko nedonzo rezvamatongerwe enyika. Anovaka chinyorwa chavose icho chinogona kutsigira gare gare mutemo mudare kana kuti mudare revo yavose. Pashure pokutongwa, dare rinoita rusando rwokupa rusundo, apo mitezo inokarakadza kugadziriswa nokuvhota parugwaro rwokupedzisira. Ndiko uko kushambadza kwebhiza kunoitika: mutengi wedare angabvumirana kutsigira ganhuriro yokushatisa mutsinhanhano nokuda kwegadziriro inodzivisa bhizimisi guru muhurumende yake.

Nharo Dzomudenga Nokutamba

Kana dare rangobvisa dare, rinoenda kuuriri hwakazara kana kuti Dare. Kunetsa kunogona kuganhurirwa nemitemo (muImba) kana kuti kutambanudzwa kupfurikidza nemonilbuster (muDare). Tyisidziro yemonibhurubhi inowanzomanikidza vatungamiriri vazhinji kutaurirana nokuda kwevhoti 60 dzinodikanwa kupfuudza kukuvara. Izvi zvipingamupinyi zvemhoteredzo zvakakurumbira zvinogona kumira pasina kunyorwa kwesimba guru. Flor anovhota vanowanzonyorwa, vachibvumira vanhu kuona apo mugadziri womutemo mumwe nomumwe akamira.

Dare Romusangano

Kana Imba neDare zvikapfuudza zvimiro zvakasiyana zvechibvumirano, dare remitezo yemibatanidzwa inobva mumakamuri ose ari maviri rinoyananisa misiyano. Iri boka duku rinoshanda zvikurukuru seri kwemasuo akavharwa, uye kubvumirana kwavo kazhinji kazhinji kunowanzova nechapamuuyo chikurusa. Somuenzaniso, chibvumirano cheSangori reImba chingabatanidza mipimo yorumano inobudiswa apo shanduro yeDare inogovera miuyo yemitengo yebhizimisi; mushumo wedare ungagona kubatanidza zvose zviri zviviri, kuumba gadziriro yakaoma.

Kushandiswa kwaPurezidhendi uye Kushandiswa

Mutemo wokupedzisira unoenda kupurezidhendi, anogona kuisainwa mumutemo kana kuti kuuisa pasi. Aveto anogona kushaikwa nevhoti mbiri-tatu mudzimba dzose dziri mbiri, mugumisiro usingawanzowaniki asi unobvira. Kana yasainwa, mutemo unosimbiswa mumitemo yeU. asi mutemo umene unowanzova wakafara; unopa chiremera kumasangano ehurumende (se Entron Protection Agement [) kunyora miraudzo chaiyo. Imomo ndimo umo vavariro dzomutemo dzinowirirana neidikamiteko. AProgiramu inofanira kurangarira donzo romutemo, vavariro, uye chinoitika chokunyora. Vanoitawo tsinhiro dzavose, vanonzwa, uye vanoshandisa basa rezve mune zvemari. — makore anogona kuita kudaro.

Mitemo Yemhoteredzo Yemapango: Kuvaka Kwakaita Mitemo Yokugadzira Zvinhu

Mitemo yakawanda yehurumende inoita kuti pave nemitemo yezvakatipoteredza yeUnited States.

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA, 1970)

NEPA inoda masangano ehurumende kuti aone tapuro yezvakatipoteredza zvisati zvapfuurira. Yakatanga Evironmental Impact State (EIS) uye muitiro Council on Environmental Sety[. Nepo NEPA isingamanikidzi miuyo chaiyo, zvinodikanwa zvayo zvemipimo zvinopa simba vagari namapoka kudenha mabasa asina hwirudzuro yakakwana. Maglis as as as a likoló pe NEPA anonangidzira pakuwanda kwemasangano akangwara anofanira kuchengeta — dzvinyiriro inoenderera mberi mumutemo wose wemhoteredzo inotevera.

Clease Air Act (CAA, 1970; Kugadziriswa kukuru 1977, 1990)

Clean Air Act inobvumira EPA kugadza National Ambentient Air Service Sounds (NAAQS) nokuda kwezvinoshatisa zvinokuvadza utano hwavanhu vose nemhoteredzo. Kugadziriswa kwa1990 kwakatangira mitoo yakavakirwa pamusika seAcid Rain Program, iyo yakashandisa kepisi--trade kuderedza sulfur dioxide. Uyu mutemo unoratidzira kuti zvisarudzo zvepurani — kuraira nokudzora maererano nemitengiriro yemisika — zvinobva zvakananga mukurukurirano yewirirano yemitemo. Rubudiriro rweAcid Rain Rain yakadudzwa munyika yose somuenzaniso wemitengo yesulfur dioxide.

Kuchenesa Muitiro Wemvura (CWA, 1972)

Pamavambo Federal Water Dellution Control Act ya1972, kugadziriswa kwakatanga National Pollitant Direflation Relectation System (NPDES), ichida mvumo nokuda kwokushatisa kwenzvimbo. Kuronga kwapamutemo kwakatungamirira kukuregedzerwa nokuda kwokubuda kwemicheto yemirimo nemimwe mibato yeindasitiri, kuparira mwena wemanyu isina kushatisa mvura inotambudza kunaka nhasi. Zvisarudzo zvemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi yeDare Gurusa reUnited States” zvinoronda kudzokera shure kutsika dzemitemo yemitemo yemitemo yezvokurima uye mibato yenzvimbo yezvokugadzira zvinhu izvo hazvina kujeka.

Species Act (ESA, 1973)

ESA inogovera dziviriro nokuda kwamarudzi akarongwa seari mungozi kana kuti akatyisidzirwa uye nzvimbo dzokugara dzinotambudza dzazvinovimba nadzo. Mutemo wakapfuudzwa netsigiro yakafara yebipartisan, inoratidzira ethos iyo yaibatanidza mitsetse yebato. Asi mumakumi amakore chifo chezvibvumirano zvaparatidzo zvakadzivisa kugadziridzwa. Gadziriro dzomutemo dzeESA dzinogona kumisa kukura munyika yadzo dzoga — dzinoparira chishoro chinotyisa kubva muindasitiri nekodzero dzezvinhu, bva Congress haana kuunganidza bvumirano yokuvandudza kana kuti kuipazve chiremera.

Chiratidzo Chinodzora Chechepfu (TSCA, 1976; Chinjo 2016)

Pakutanga, TSCA yakada kuti EPA ibvumikise kuti ive ne “ngozi isina mufungo ” isati yaitungamirira, mupimo unenge usingabviri wakasiya zviuru zvemakemikoro aripo usingadzorwi. 2016 Laurentenberg Act, kubudirira kusingawanzoitiki, yakabvisa mutoro kuindasitiri kuti iratidze kuchengeteka kwemakemikari. Iyi gadziridzo inoratidzira kuti kugadziridza kwemitemo kunogona sei kururamisa kundikano dzapakuvamba dzokudzora.

Basa Revapfumi

Vatarisiri vemari vane simba vanoisa mari yakawanda mukupesvedzera muitiro wacho, uye simba ravo rine mwero rinosarudza kana dziviriro yemhoteredzo ichidzikamiswa kana kuti ichisunungurwa.

Vakuru Vakuru Vakadzidza Nemapati Ezvamatongerwe Enyika

Vaiti vemitemo vanounza pfungwa dzavo vamene, dzvinyiriro dzechikamu, uye masangano ebato kuvhota. Utungamiriri hweboka rinogona kurova vhoti, kukarakadza kugadziriswa, kana kuti kuvhara zvikwereti kuti zvisvike pauriri. Kuwedzera kwenhau dzemhoteredzo — neDemocratss kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji dzinotsigira mirauriro yakasimba zvikuru neRepublicans inosimbisa ndyiko yemari yemhoteredzo — zvakaita kuti mutemo mukuru wemhoteredzo uve usingawanzowaniki kubvira kuma1990. Zvikwereti bedzi nebhiparti yebustantisan, zvakadai se2016 TSCA Reformation kana kuti 2020 Great American Outdowars Act, zvakabudirira mumakore achangobva kupfuura aya.

Nyanzvi Dzezvokuzvibhadharira Nokugadzira Zvinhu

Masangano uye masangano ezvokutengeserana anopedza mabhiriyoni achipesvedzera Dare panhau dzemhoteredzo. Zvicherwa zvemafuta, makemikari, zvokurima, uye zvikamu zvokugadzira zvose zvinochengeta mabasa anotyisa anonyandura. Zvinotsigira masangano, zvinopa uchapupu hwenyanzvi, uye mutemo wemienzaniso. Kupesvedzera kwemapoka aya kunogona kutungamirira kunzvenga, mazuva okuteerera, uye gadziriro dzokuita kuti zvinhu zviteeredzerwe. Somuenzaniso, kusava nokurima kwechirongwa cheCeac Water Act mugumisiro wakananga wedzvinyiriro yokuwana vanhu varimafamu mukati mekukurukurirana muna 1972.

Mapoka Okudzora Zvakapoteredza

Zvisingashandisi purofiti dzakadai se Natural Resources Defense Council, Sierra Club, neNtoo yeMbango yeZvokwadi yeZvokunzesa kuti zvisaedzedzedzedze pesvedzero yeindasitiri. Vanounganidza vatsigiri vouswa, mapepa kuti vamanikidzire kuita chiito chokudzosa, uye kugovera vaiti vemitemo unyanzvi hwesayenzi nehwepamutemo. Chitendero chavo chaishandiswa mukupfuudza deeaio Air Act uye mukusunda mitemo yezve mamiriro okunze enzvimbo, kunyange zvazvo mibato yavo ichipfupikiswa nokushandiswa kweinda yemitengo.

Masangano Ane Nhungamiro Nenyanzvi Dzesayenzi

Zvirongwa zvakafanana neEPA, Department of the Interial, uye NOA zvinogovera kunzverwa kwounyanzvi nefungidziro dzendyiko dzinotsamira padzinoisa mitemo. Masayendisiti nevezvemari vanobva kumasangano aya vanopupurira pakunzwa nokugovera mashoko anogona kutsigira kana kuti kushayisa bhiri. Zvisinei, vakagadzwa vezvamatongerwe enyika vangaumba kana kuti kudzvinyirira zviwanwa zvesangano kuti zviwirirane nezvokudzora. Kutenderwa kwesangano — uye kushora kwaro kudzokorodza kwezvamatongerwe enyika — musoro unodzokorodza mumutemo wemhoteredzo.

Vagari Nezvitsinga

Murangariro wavose unogona kuchinja mamiriro emitemo, zvikurukuru pashure pengwavaira dzemhoteredzo dzakakwirira. Moto woRwizi rwaCuyahoga (1199) Exxon Valdez (1998), uye njodzi yemvura yeFlint (2014) inogadzira mafafitera emukana wekuita chiito chewirirano. Grassroots, nhimbe dzetsamba, uye zviratidzo zvokuramba kuti muvhoti atarisire dziviriro yemhoteredzo. Midterment inogona kuchinja zvigaro zvedare uye zvinhu zvinokosha zvemitemo, zvichisimbisa basa risina kunanga pamutemo asi rine simba revota.

Matambudziko Pakusarudza Kunzi Vatevedzere Mutemo

Kunyange apo vanhu vanotsigira kudzivirira mhoteredzo, miitiro yemitemo inowanzobudisa mitemo isina kukwana kana kuti isingashandi.

Kuchinja Zvematongerwe Enyika

Nhau dzemhoteredzo dzazova nzvimbo dzinoparadzana. Muma 1970, NEPA, Clean Air Act, uye Gwenaspecies Act dzakapfuudzwa nevhoti dzakasimba. Nhasi, chinjo yemamiriro okunze inotarisana nemitemo yehurumende pedyo nechishoro cheRepublican. Uku kugadzikiswa kunoreva kuti zvikwereti zvakawanda hazvitongoitiki mberi; panzvimbo pezvo, muitiro unoitwa kupfurikidza nemirairo yesangano, kugadzira mitemo, uye vatasvi vemari vebhajeti vemari, izvo zviri zvisina kusimba zvikuru uye zvinochinjika. Mutemo unovakwa pamusoro poruzhinji rwemitemo yemitemo yehurumende mishoma unogona kubviswa navadzori vadzorwi vadzorwi vanotevera.

Kushora Kwemari Nezvemaindasitiri

Maindasitiri ane mutengo wemitemo anorwisana. Vanopikisa kuti mitemo yemhoteredzo inouraya mabasa, inowedzera mitengo yesimba, uye inokuvadza makwikwi. Uku kusawirirana kwemari kunonzwika navagari vemo vanovimba neruwa pakugadzira, kuchera, kana kuti kurima. Muuyo unowanzova mutemo unobatanidza kuisa mativi marefu, kuregererwa kwamabhizimisi maduku, kana kuti kubviswa kwemitemo yehurumende yakasimba zvikuru. Chinochenesesa chemo yeASC yakabatanidza gadziriro yakanonotsa kudzora kwemvura yeasidi pamiti yakare-kare — kudzoresa kushatsa kunopfuudza kushatsa kwemakumi amakore.

Kusanyatsoziva Kwesayenzi uye Kusanzwisisana

Sayenzi yemhoteredzo yakaoma kunzwisisa nokusadavira. Vashori vemitemo vanoshandisa kusavimba nemitemo, vachiraira chibvumikiso chekuvadziko pamberi peganhuriro dzipi nedzipi dzinoiswa. Mutauro wemitemo pane dzimwe nguva unoda “sayenzi ine mashoko anobva pa" kana kuti“ mitoo inotenderwa” — mashoko anogona kududzirwa kudzoresa chiito. Chinjo yemamiriro okunze inopa muenzaniso wakajeka: kwamakore, fariro dzezvicherwa zvezviwanikwa zvinotsigirwa nechetura dzinopanikira bvumirano pamusoro pokudziya kwepasi, kumutsa kupanikira pamutemo. Iyi nzira inononotsa kuisa mutemo unobudiswa kweanodokusvika makumi maviri amakore.

Zvinetso Zvehurumende Nezvokutonga

Kunyange kana mutemo upfuvura, kuitwa kwawo kunogona kuvharwa kana kuti kunonotswa kupfurikidza neritation, hwirudzuro, uye ganhuriro dzemari. Administrative Procedire Act inoda masangano kururamisa mitemo kupfurikidza neziviso refu negadziriro. Mapoka ezvokugadzira zvinhu anowanzokwikwidza kuti atenderedze mitemo, uye matare angaarova kana mutemo mukuru unonzi unochinjika usiri wakarurama. Chibvumirano chinogonawo kushandisa “Congational Review Act” chisarudzo chokubvisa mitemo ichangobva kupedzwa, nzira inoshandiswa kanoverengeka chifo cha201717. Uku kumira kunoreva kuti kukunda kwemitemo yemitemo kunogona kuparadzwa nokugadziriswa.

Kuongorora Nyaya: Kushanda Kwomutemo

Mienzaniso inotevera inoratidza kuti zvisarudzo zvehurumende — zvose zvoushingi uye zvokunyara — zvakabatsira sei munyika chaiyo.

Chirongwa Chemvura Inonaya Mumhepo Chakanaka: Kubudirira Kwomutemo

Muma 1980, mvura ine acid inobva kunzvimbo dzinogadzirwa namagetsi anopfuta moto yakaparadza masango nenyanza muNorthernast neCanada. 1990 Ceaner Air Act indements dzakaita kepisi netrade gadziriro yesulfur dioxide yakagadzira kepisi yorudzi yakaderera munguva. Utialties dzinogona kutengesa mari, kuipa kuchinjika kuti ideredze kuderedza kushaitsa kwemitengo. Mugumisiro wacho: SO2 yakadzika ne 90% pa2020, pachikamu chiduku chemari yakafanotaurwa. Kubudirira kwakabva mubipartainforma — Purezidhendi George H. Bush aignence jast jast train trans transting, uye Senators anobva mumativi ose ari maviri ebasa rezvokugadzirwa. Chino chinobvumikisa kuti kufambiswa kwemite yemari yemari inofambira yemari inopfumisa inopfumisa inopfumisa kufambira mberi ne 2020 inotete puro yemidzo inoshamisa yemari.

Muitiro Wemvura Yakachena uye Manyuko Okushatisa: Musiyano Womutemo

Nepo Ceac Water Act inodzorwa nokungwarira kubudiswa kwepombi namafekitari, yakanyanyosunungura kubuda kwezvirimwa, mvura yemadutu omumaguta, uye mamwe manyuko akapararira. Kusunungurwa ikoko kwakanga kusiri utariri — kwakanga kuri kubvumirana kwakarongwa namaune nemitemo yepurazi. Somuuyo, manyuko asina kuganhurirwa anoramba ari chisakiso chikuru chokushata mvura muUnited States. Maruva ealgal eAlgal, Gulf of South, uye manyuko emvura anoshatswa anoramba aripo nemhaka yokuti gadziriro yemitemo haina kutongovanza muProchuramende, kuenzanisira kuti kushata, kushatiswa kwechipanyuko, kwangogona kutsungirira sei kwamakumi amakore.

Muitiro Wezvinhu Zvinogara Mungozi: Kubudirira uye Kushanda

ESA yakadzivisa kutsakatika kwamarudzi anopfuura 99% akarongwa, kubatanidza mhanza, bere regle, uye muongorori weAmerica. Uku kubudirira kunotsamira pamutauro wakasimba, wakajeka wemutemo: marudzi anowana dziviriro inongozviitikira paakamborongwa, uye masangano ehurumende anofanira kubvunza kuti adzivise ngozi. Asi simba rimwe chetero rakaparira kudzongonyedza kunotyisa kwezvamatongerwe enyika. Kubvira pakupera kwa1990, Congress yakabatanidza vatakuri vemitengi nezvikwereti zvinodzivisa kuronga zvisarudzo zvamarudzi akati (m., muzivi anodzivirira) kana kuti anodzivisa mibato yehondo pamarudzi ari mungozi. Kutadza kudzosarusa kana kuti kuvandudza ESA yakasiya yakaoma mukudzora uye kusava nezvamatongerwe enyika.

Kukundikana Kwomutemo Wemamiriro Okunze

Pasinei zvapo nebvumirano yesayenzi uye kunetseka kwevanhu kuri kuwedzera, Congress haina kumbopa mutemo wekuchinja mamiriro okunze. Chibvumirano cha2009 chaWaxman-Markey chakapfuudza Imba asi chakafira muDare, chakaurawa nemubatanidzwa wekushora kwevatsigiri, kukwidziridza, uye upfumi husina kusimba. Kukundikana kunoratidza chinetso chikuru: apo nyaya yemitemo inochinja mamiriro ezvemari, mubatanidzwa wezvibvumirano zvinoda kuitwa kuti uite chinhu. Panzvimbo pezvo, muitiro wemamiriro okunze akaumbwa nezviito zvevakuru vakuru vakuru (Chene Powece, mipimo yemotokari yemotokari), matanho makurusaidzo ehurumende (Calin anosvika nguva dzose) uye zvibvumirano zvamarudzi ose (Paris Convition) zvinoshata)

Nhungamiro Dzomunguva Yemberi Nokuda Kwomutemo Wemhoteredzo

Kutyisidzira mhoteredzo kutsva — uye kuzivikanwa kuri kukura kwezviripo — zviri kuparira kutangwa kwemitemo yemitemo pamwero yehurumende, hurumende, uye yomunzvimbomo.

Kuchinja Kwemamiriro Okunze Uye Kuchinja

Mabhii anotanga purojekiti yecarbon, anoisa mugadziriro dzemagetsi dzakachena, uye gadziriro dzokunaya kwesimba zviri kuwedzera. Kunyange zvazvo zvisiri mutemo wezvakapoteredza weReduction, nepo zvikurukuru mutero wesimba, anomirira mutengo mukurusa wehurumende mukushanda kwemamiriro okunze kusvikira musi: mari inokwana mabhiriyoni anenge US $370 (Z $3,50) muchikwereti chesimba rinomutsidzirwa, motokari dzemagetsi, uye simba. Kunyange zvazvo isiri mutemo wezvakapoteredza, unoratidza kuti motokari dzemitemo yemitemo inogona sei kufambisira mberi zvinangwa zvemamiriro okunze kupfurikidza nokushandisa uye pamutemo. Mutemo womunguva yemberi ungabatanidza gadziriro yokugadziridza muganhu wecarbon, mupimo wemagetsi wakachena, kana kuti gadziriro yemamiriro okunze enyika.

Magetsi Anogona Kugadzirwazve uye Kushandiswa Kwemagetsi

Zvibvumirano zvakawanda zvakashandisa Mitemo inogadzirwazve inoda magetsi anoshandiswa pakugadzira chikamu chezvikamu zvinoshanda pakumutsidzira. Pamwero wehurumende, zvikarakadzo zvemitemo zvinovavarira kubvumira kupfuudza, kuchinja Federal Power Act, uye kunzvera kwokuchengetera magetsi. Denho iri kudzikamisa kuvimbika nokubvisa simba — kusagadzikana kucharondedzera mutemo wesimba mumakore gumi ari kuuya.

Kuraswa Kwezvinhu Nemitemo Yemari Yakatenderera

Nhamo pamusoro pepustiki yakanyandura chiito chomutemo pamwero dzakawanda. Gream Free From Plastic Inviltion Act, yatangwa muCongress, yaizoda vagadziri kugadzira mapurani okugadzira mapurasitiki anoshandiswazve, kurambidza mamwe mapurasitiki, uye kutanga purogiramu yokuisa mabhotoro munyika. Mitemo yakatogadza mitemo yakawanda inoganhurira masaga epurasitiki, mashangu, uye mapolystyrene. Garamendi rehurumende ringatsinhiranisa nhamburiko idzodziro ndokugadzira upfumi hwepurasitiki, asi chishoro cheindasitiki chinoramba chiri chikuru.

Marudzi Ezvinhu zvipenyu Nemagariro Azvo

Vachiziva kuti Endangered Species Act yoga haigoni kumisa kurasikirwa nemarudzi akasiyana - siyana, vaiti vemitemo vari kuongorora zvishandiso zvitsva: mikoto yokubatanidza nzvimbo yokugara yorudzi, mari yemabasa emhoteredzo, uye zvikarakadzo zvemitero zvokuchengetedza. Recovering America’s Wildlife Act, iyo ine tsigiro yebipartisan, yaizotsaurira $2,4 mabhiriyoni emadhora gore negore kuzivisa kuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi echitima. Mutemo wakadaro waizobvisa zvikamu zvemiitiro zvenjodzi kuti zvisadzivirirwa.

Gadziriro Dzeruramisiro Dzemhoteredzo

Mutoro mukuru weshatiso panzanga dzinowana mari shoma nenzanga dzeruvara wakawana ngwariro yemitemo. Mabhiri zvino anowanzobatanidza gadziriro dzokubatanidza zvinobatanidzwa zvinowedzerwa, kusimudzira kutora rutivi kwavose, uye kutungamirirwa kwezvokutengeserana munzanga dzinotungamirira. Ruramisiro 40 Imbadziro, inobatanidzwa munhevedzano yavakuru vakuru asi isati iri pamutemo, ingagona kuitwa yechigarire kupfurikidza nemitemo yokuti tsinhano yezvakatipoteredza itsigire mari inotsigirwa nemitemo.

mhedziso

Zvisarudzo zvemitemo iDNA yokudzora mhoteredzo. Zvinosarudza kuti zvinetso zvipi zvinokurukurwa, kuti mitemo yakakomba sei inodzorwa sei, uye kuti manzwi ayo anorema sei mugadziriro yacho. Kuvambira pakubudirira kukuru kwesimba remvura yeEacune Act yeasid kusvikira kukundikano inopfuurira kupedza kushatiswa kwemvura kusiri kwamanyuko, mutoo wacho wakajeka: mutemo wakasanorongwa unogona kuparira betsero dzemhoteredzo, nepo kusava nesimba kana kuti kudzika kwemichero inosiya zvinetso zvinokura nokuda kwezvizvarwa.

Kuzivisa mukusarudza kuri kwose — zvikurukuru muvatongi nemadzinza omunzvimbomo — kuonana navakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa, kutsigira masangano emhoteredzo, uye kunyange kumhanyira nzvimbo inzira dzose dzokuumba nadzo zvisarudzo zvemitemo zvichasarudza nguva yemberi yepasi. Zvakapoteredza zvinoumbwa nemitemo, uye mitemo inoumbwa nokutora rutivi.