Muzvinhu zvipenyu napasi zvanhasi zvinokurumidza kugadziridzwa, mano okunzwisisa nhau namashoko anokosha zvikuru kupfuura nakare kose. Kunyora nokunyora kunopa vanhu simba rokuita zvine revo nenzanga dzavo ndokuita zvisarudzo zvokuziva. Iyi nhungamiro yakakura inoita nzvero dzezvishandiso zvinokosha, zvirongwa, uye gadziriro dzokuvaka kurava nokunyora mashoko, zvichinangidzira ngwariro yakati pakushandiswa kwenhau uye kurangarirwa kwamashoko munhambo yoruzha rwamadhineti.

Chikonzero Nei Kunyora Kuchidiwa Kuchikurumidza Kungwarirwa

Kugona kurava nokunyora isimba rokunzwisisa nokutora rutivi nenzira inobudirira muupenyu hwomunharaunda. Kunobatanidza zivo yemasangano ezvamatongerwe enyika, kodzero nemitoro, uye unyanzvi hunodikanwa kupinda nezvimiro zvenhau zvakasiyana. Munguva umo mashoko asina kururama anogona kufamba nokukurumidza kupfuura zvokwadi, vanhu vanofanira kusanonzvera mashoko avanosangana nawo zuva nezuva. [[FLT:] Robition Society pamusoro peZvokwadi Decay[ inoratidza kuti kuderera kwekudzidza kurava nokunyora mashoko ehurumende kunowedzera kukura kwezvamatongerwe enyika uye kuderera chivimbo mumasangano, kuchikwidziridza mapango kupfuura nakare kose.

Betsero Dzinobvira Dzokudzidza Zvakasimba

  • Kugadzira chisarudzo chakaumbwa pabhokisi rebhoti uye muupenyu hwezuva nezuva
  • Basa rokutora rutivi mumiitiro yedemocracy, kuvambira pahoro dzomunzvimbomo dzetaundi kusvikira kunvhotaro dzorudzi
  • [ Kudzivisa mashoko asina kururama uye kuparadzira mashoko
  • [ kufunga kwokutsoropodza kwakasimbiswa kunochinjira kumativi ose oupenyu
  • Kuvimbisana kwehurumende kukuru zvikuru, kubatanidza kuzvipira, kudzora, uye utungamiriri hwenzanga

Maruva Anoshandiswa Pakudzidza

Kuvaka kurava nokunyora kunoda ngwariro kunzvimbo dzinoverengeka dzakabatanidzwa. Vadzidzisi, nyanzvi dzezvinobudisa nhau, uye vatungamiriri venzanga vanofanira kushanda pamwe chete kuti vakudziridze idzi maruramiro avanhu vamarudzi ose.

Kuverenga Nokunyora Nezvekubudisa Mashoko: Chisakiso

Kugona kunyora mimhanzi isimba rokuwana, kuongorora, uye kugadzira zvinobudisa nhau zvakasiyana - siyana. Uhwu unyanzvi hwakagadzirwa hahuna kugadzirirwa kuvhura nzvimbo dzezvinobudisa nhau dzakaoma. Center for Media Scription inohurondedzera serevo ye "zana remakore rechi1 kudzidzo" inopa gadziriro yokupinda, kuongorora, kuyera, uye kugadzira mashoko mumhatsa yemashoko akapoteredza.

Unyanzvi Hunokosha Hwokuverenga Nokunyora

  • Anosiana: Kunzwisisa musiyano uri pakati penhau, murangariro, zviri mukati zvinotsigirwa, uye mashoko anoparadzirwa
  • Bias kuzivikanwa: Kuzivisa pfungwa, kutengeserana, uye kusanzwisisa zviri mukati
  • Kuyera kwakakodzera: Kushandisa zvishandiso zvakafanana nokurava kwapashure uye kuedza kweCRAAP (Kuyera, Relevance, Chiremera, Kururama, Donzo)
  • [ Kuwana Pursuasion: Kuziva nzira dzokusada kupindura, kufadza kwemirangariro, uye manomano ane mufungo mukutumira mashoko muzvinobudisa nhau
  • Kunzwisisa mativi ose: Kunzwisisa dzvinyiriro dzemari nedzezvamatongerwe enyika dzinoumba kubudiswa kwezvinobudisa nhau

Zivo Inobva Mumubatanidzwa: Hurumende uye Masangano Ehurumende

Zivo yeCobic inobatanidza kunzwisisa kuti hurumende inoshanda sei pamwero yomunzvimbomo, yehurumende, uye yehurumende, pamwe chete namaruramiro nemabasa avagari vemo. Nzvero yegore negore yaAnnuberg Public Policy Center [ nguva dzose inozivisa mikaha inotambudza muzivo yenzanga pakati pavakura veAmerica, kubatanidza kuvhiringidzika pamusoro pamapazu matatu ehurumende nedziviriro dzeFirst Amendment.

Nzvimbo Dzine Zivo Yakavakirwa

  • Kuvakwa uye kushanda kwehurumende yomunzvimbomo, hurumende, uye hurumende
  • Miitiro yeElectoral inobatanidza maprim, sarudzo, uye nhano dzokuvhota
  • Kupa kodzero, kunyoresa, uye kunyorwa
  • Kodzero dzeBumbiro reMitemo uye kuti dzinoshanda sei muupenyu hwezuva nezuva
  • Michina yokuita rutivi rwehurumende kunze kwokuvhota, yakadai setsinhiro yavose, basa redare rinobetsera vatongi, uye kutsigira mutemo

Kuverenga Nezvekunyora: Kushandisa Online Information Ecosystem

Nepo zvine chokuita nokunyora, makombiyuta anonangidzira ngwariro zvikurukuru paunyanzvi hwemichina nehunokosha hunodikanwa kupinda nezviteshi zvemichina. Stanford History Education Group' inodzidza pamusoro pokurangarira kwavanhu paIndaneti yakawana kuti vadzidzi vanowanzorwisa kuyera kuvimbwa kwemakombiyuta, kubva panzvimbo dzemapepanhau kuti vatsigire migumisiro yokutsvaka.

  • Kunzwisisa maarufabheti uye kuumba kwaanoita zviri mukati
  • Kuziva zvidimbu zvakadzama, mifananidzo isina kurongwa, uye zvinobudisa nhau zvechinyakare
  • Kubvisa kuvimbika kwezviri mukati meauthoric
  • Kushandisa kuongorora mufananidzo nokuongorora mawedzero
  • Kuchenesa muviri zvakanaka pachishandiswa nhamba, kusanganisira kuongorora zvinhu zvinenge zvawanikwa usati waudzana nevamwe

Maturusi Anobatsira Kuvaka Kudzidza

Maturusi akawanda nezviwanikwa zviripo kuti zvibatsire vanhu uye nzanga kuti vadzidze kurava nokunyora.

Zvishandiso Zvokuongorora Chokwadi PaIndaneti uye Zvokusimbisa

Masangano anoongorora chokwadi akavimbika anobatsira pakuongorora mashoko anenge ataurwa uye kunzwisisa mashoko akapoteredza. Kupfuura nzvimbo dzinozivikanwa, maturusi anoverengeka anogona kubatsira vanoshandisa kuongorora mashoko:

  • FactCC.org: Chirongwa chisiri paratisti cheAnnenberg Policy Center inonzvera ururami hwemashoko ezvamatongerwe enyika eUnited States
  • FACT: Nzvimbo yePulitzer Mubayiro-hwina iyo inorevesa ururami hwezvirevo zvakasarudzwa navakuru vakuru vezvamatongerwe enyika
  • Snopes: Nzvimbo yekaresa nehurusa inonzvera maidi paInternet, inofukidza ngano dzomumaguta, runyerekupe rwemavhairasi, uye kutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika
  • [[FLT]NewsGuard: Iwedzero yebhurari inorevedza zviuru zvenhau nenzvimbo dzamashoko zvakavakirwa pamipimo yenhau
  • Idi: Ibhukwana rinonzvera nyaya dzenhau nokuda kwokuvimbwa kwakavakirwa pamanyuko emhatsa, manyorero, uye unyanzvi hwokunyora

Zviwanikwa Zvemashoko Zvinotsigira

Kuti pave nezivo huru yehurumende, nzvimbo dzenongedzero dzakatsaurirwa nezvinyorwa zvemanyuko zvinopa mashoko akarongeka, akavimbika:

  • Ballottedia: Enisaikoropidhia yemitauro yezvamatongerwe enyika zveAmerica, inofukidza hurumende, hurumende, uye sarudzo dzomunzvimbomo, zvipimo zvezvikero, uye vakuru vakuru vehurumende
  • .org:[ A asiri muvhoti nechikuva chinogovera mashoko akajeka enyika pamusoro pekusarudzwa kwenguva, zvinodikanwa, uye miitiro
  • USA.gov: shopu yehurumende yeU.S. yeweb yepabonde, ichigovera kusvika kwakananga kumasangano ehurumende, ehurumende, uye omunzvimbomo namashoko ehurumende
  • Propublica: Inzvimbo yenhau yakazvimirira, isingabudiriri iyo inobudisa mapepanhau anonzvera mufariro yavose, kubatanidza masero okunzvera mibato yehurumende

Purogiramu Yedzidzo Necuricula

Mikana yokudzidza yakarongeka inobatsira vadzidzi nevakuru kuti vave nemabasa okudzidzira:

  • Dare reNyika reStudies dzenzanga: Rinopa zviwanikwa, mipimo, uye fambiro mberi yebasa nokuda kwavadzidzisi K-12 vanodzidzisa nzanga nenhau
  • IABOC: yakavakwa neyaichimbova Mutongi weDare Gurusa Sandra Day O'Connor, inogovera mitambo yedzidzo yapachena nezvidzidzo izvo zvinodzidzisa vadzidzi pamusoro pokutora rutivi kwehurumende nehurumende
  • News Libricy Project: Inogadzira zvinhu zvakafanana necheckology kuti ibetsere vadzidzisi kudzidzisa nzira yokuziva nayo mashoko akavimbika ndokunzwisisa basa remuchina wakasununguka
  • .League of Women Voters: Tsika dzisingatori vavhoti, mahoro, uye zvirongwa zvekuvimbisana zvehurumende munyika yose
  • Kudzidzisa Kushivirira (zvino Kudzidza nokuda kweruramisiro): Kugovera zvinhu zvedzidzo zvapachena zvokusimudzira makirasi akabatanidzwa uye kusimudzira ruramisiro yenzanga kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa kwenzanga

Zvirongwa Zvevateereri Vakasiyana - siyana

Dzidzo yokugona kuverenga nokunyora inofanira kuwirirana namapoka ezera akasiana - siana, zvitayera zvokudzidza, uye mashoko akapoteredza. zvirongwa zvinobudirira zvinosiana nokuda kwavadzidzi K - 12, vadzidzi vekoreji, vadzidzi vakura, uye mapoka enzanga.

Nokuda Kwavadzidzisi K - 12

Vadzidzisi vekirasi vane mukana wakazonaka wokuvaka tsika dzeupenyu hwose dzokuvimbisana munzanga uye dzokutsoropodza:

Kuwedzera Kudzidza Kuverenga Nezvinobudisa Nhau

Vadzidzisi venhau vanogona kuongorora unyanzvi hwokunyengetedza mukushambadzira uye mumifungo. Vadzidzisi veEngland vanogona kuongorora zvirongwa zvokushambadzira uye zvemafungire. Vadzidzisi vesayenzi vanogona kuongorora zvinotaurwa pamusoro penhau dzoutano nedzemhoteredzo. Kuongorora uku kunoitwa pashure pezvidzidzo zvegore kunosimbisa unyanzvi mune zvakawanda.

Zvioko - paMibato Yemibato

Kudzidza zvinodhura kunokudza nzwisiso uye kunoparira kuvimbisana kunogara:

  • Rongai basa revadzidzi rokunyoresa
  • Dzimba dzemataundi dzinenge dzakaitwa sedziri dzevagamuchiri kana kuti sarudzo dzokunyepedzera
  • Ronga kubvunzurudzwa nevakuru vakuru vomunharaunda vakasarudzwa, vatori venhau, kana kuti varongi venzanga
  • Itai zvirongwa zvokutsvakurudza panyaya dzemunzvimbo iyoyo, zvakadai semitemo yezvikoro kana kuti zvisarudzo zvokuronga zvivako
  • Itai kamuri dzenhau dzomukirasi dzinobudisa zviitiko zvechikoro zvakadzikama

Kudzidza Kweruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu

Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa pamagetsi zvinogona kuita kuti vanhu vadzidze zvinhu zvinobatsira:

  • Shandisa zvikamu zvemasangano okukurukurirana kuti utevere nhau dzinovimbika uye nhau dzehurumende
  • Ipa vadzidzi kumashoko anotaura nezvemavhairasi vachishandisa maturusi chaiwoiwo
  • Rongai makirasi ari munharaunda dzakasiyana - siyana kuti muenzanise kuparadzirwa kwenhau kwemunharaunda
  • Tsvaka zvirongwa zvinobatsira vamwe kuti vakuudzewo zvaunofunga

Nokuda Kwavadzidzi Vekoreji Nevechiduku

Zvirongwa zvedzidzo yepamusoro zvinogovera mikana yokuongorora zvakadzama uye kutaurirana nhau dzakaoma kunzwisisa:

  • Kosi dzenzvero dzechikamuraniso: mufundo dzezvinobudisa nhau, sayenzi yezvamatongerwe enyika, kana kuti kosi dzezvesayenzi dzinodzidzisa mitoo yokunzvera nenzvero yamanyuko
  • Kubatanidzwa kwezvinobudisa nhau: Mapepanhau epanzvimbo yechikoro, nhepfenyuro, kana kuti zviteshi zvemichina zvemanyuko kuti uwane ruzivo rwokuzviwanira rwakananga mukubudiswa kwenhau
  • [ Zvibvumirano nesonganiro: Tsvaka mikana nehofisi dzehurumende, masangano asina parati, kana kuti nzvimbo dzenhau
  • Nhano dzehurumende: Kutora rutivi musundo dzokunyoresa muvhoti, makirabhu, kana kuti mapoka ekurukurirano

Nokuda Kwavadzidzi Vakura Nemitezo Yenzanga

Kuvaka kurava nokunyora kwevagari vemo ibasa roupenyu hwose. Vakuru vanogona kupfuurira kukudziridza unyanzvi hwavo kupfurikidza nepurogiramu dzakavakirwa panzanga nokudzidza kwokuzvitungamirira:

  • Mapurogiramu eraibhurari ePublic: Maraibhurari akawanda anopa masuo apachena okunyorera pamashoko okunyora, kuongorora chokwadi, uye unyanzvi hwemitauro
  • Kosi dzekoreji dzekoriji dzekomupiyuta: zvidzidzo zvokusaronga mudzidzo yavagari vemo, hurumende yomunzvimbomo, uye kufunga kwokutsoropodza kazhinji kazhinji zvinowanika
  • Mapoka okusangana: Inzwana kana kutiumba mapoka okurava anonangidzira ngwariro pazvinoitika zvazvino nenzvero yemiitiro
  • vimbisano yehurumende yapano: pinda misangano yemakurukota eguta, ronga dare rokutonga, kana kuti marusando edare rechikoro
  • [ Mabhodhi okufambisa zvinhu: Anoshanda pamabhodhi omunzvimbomo kana kuti matare kuti awanike zvakananga miitiro yokuita zvisarudzo

Kurwisa Mashoko Asina Kunaka Nekusanzwisisana

Kunzwisisa kusiyana kwakaita mashoko asina kururama (nhema dzekusaziva) uye kusataura mashoko akashata (kunyengera kusingabvumirwi) zvinokosha pakugadzira nzira dzinobudirira dzokuarwisa.

Kuziva Nzira Dzinozivikanwa Navose

Vatambi vakashata vanoshandisa nzira dzinoverengeka dzakasanonyorwa kuparadzira mashoko enhema:

  • [ Zviri mukati: Nheyo dzakanyatsogadzirirwa kunyengera
  • Zvinobudisa nhau zvakagadzirwa:[[FT:1] Kubviswa mifananidzo yakarongwa, mavhidhiyo akagadzirwa, kana kuti kugadzirirwa kwakaipa
  • Imburera irimo: Kuzivisa panobudisira mashoko apamutemo kana kuti masangano
  • mashoko akapoteredza asiri echokwadi: Zvamazvirokwazvo zvirimo zvinogoveranwa nokuronga kana kuti mabhureki anotsausa
  • Mapepa enhau: misoro yenhau yakatapurwa kana kuti inotsausa inoshatisa zviri munyaya
  • [[FT:0] Kuchinja pfungwa: Mashoko anoitirwa kunyandura hasha, kutya, kana kuti kufarira kupfuudza kufunga kwokutsoropodza

Kusimbisa Kunoshanda

Munhu upi noupi anogona kushandisa uhu mitoo yakavakirwa paufakazi kuti aongorore mashoko nenzira inobudirira zvikuru:

  • kuverenga kwapashure: vhura mapepa akawanda kuti uongorore manyuko ndokutaura usati wavimba nechikamu chipi nechipi chezviri mukati
  • Kuongorora manyuko: Kunzvera uyo akasika zviri mukati, zvikwaniriso zvavo, mari, uye zvirongwa zvemari
  • Kurava kupfuura musoro mukuru: Mupumburu unopfuura ndima yokutanga kuti unzwisise mashoko ose akapoteredza nezvinotaurwa chaizvoizvo
  • [ Kuzivisa musi: nhau dzenhau kana kuti nhamba kazhinji kazhinji dzinoshandurwazve ndokupiwa sedzazvino uno
  • Kutsvaka kutsigira: Kana nhau iri yechokwadi, zvibudiso zvakawanda zvinovimbika zvichashuma maidi akafanana
  • Kubvisa kunzvera kwechimuko chapashure: Kubvisa mapikicha anonyumwira kuGoogle Images kana kuti Tineye kuti uwane manyuko awo apakuvamba namashoko akapoteredza

Basa Remaraibhurari Nemasangano Enzanga

Maraibhurari, mamiziyamu, uye nzvimbo dzinogara vanhu zvinoshanda senzvimbo dzinovimbwa dzokurwira vanhu kuti vadzidze kurava nokunyora uye kuronga zvinhu izvi kunobatsira kuti vadzidze, vawane zvokuongorora zvinhu, uye varayiridzi vanobva kune nyanzvi dzakarovedzwa.

Nzira Iyo Maraibhurari Anotsigira Nayo Kudzidza Kwomubatanidzwa

  • Pedza masero enhau akavimbika uye zvinhu zvinokuratidza
  • Kudzidzisa vanhu pachishandiswa makombiyuta, kuverenga, kuongorora chokwadi, uye kuva voga paIndaneti
  • Vaikwidza nzvimbo dzokuitira magungano, kuitisana nharo, uye zviitiko zvedzidzo yevanhu vose
  • Kugovera rovedzo yemakombiyuta noruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu pachena
  • Ndichishanda senzvimbo dzenzanga dzokukurukura uye kufungisisa

Purogiramu Dzakakodzera Kunzverwa

Maraibhurari akawanda anotanga mapurogiramu matsva anobata zvakananga mipata yokudzidza. American Library Association’s Civic Divicement Initive inogovera matepi nemiitiro yakanakisisa. Zvirongwa zvinozivikanwa zvinosanganisira "Medias Librigic Libery" mishavo yokurovha, "Kusarudza" nhevedzano yedzidzo, uye "News Know - How" zvikoro zvevakura.

Kudzora Kuparadzana Kwechizvarwa

Zvizvarwa zvakawanda zvinosangana nedenho dzokunyora nokunyora uye mikana yakasiyana. Vaduku kazhinji vane unyanzvi hwemichina hwakasimba asi vanotamburira nokuongorora kwazvinobva uye ruzivo rwemasangano. Vakura vanganzwisisa zvikuru nhau asi vangatarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvitsva. Dzidzo yevagari vemo inofanira kukurukura nemapoka ose ari maviri uku vachisimudzira kukurukurirana kwepachizvarwa.

Kusvika Kune Vakwegura

Vana navechiduku (vasviki 8 - 18):[[FLT: 1] Kunangidzira ngwariro pazivo yakavakirwa panheyo yehurumende, unyanzvi hwokurangarira, uye zvinobudisa nhau zvinoshanda zvinoshandiswa mumasangano akarongwa okudzidza akadai seICBIC nemibato yekirasi yokukurukura.

Vaduku vakuru (vasvinuri 18-30):[[FLT] Shospital dzidzo yomuvhoti, nhau dzenzwisiso, kuziva mano okubvisa mashoko pasocial network, uye miitiro yokutanga yougari hutsva.

Adults (application 30-65): Kugovera dzidzo inopfuurira pamaitiro ehurumende yomunzvimbomo, chiyero chezvikero, uye unyanzvi hwakakwirira hwokunzvera. Vakuru vazhinji vanogamuchira kudzidza vana vavo.

Vakura (65+):[ nzvimbo dzemitauro yokunyora nokunyora, kubetsera kuvhura paIndaneti utano uye mashoko ezvemari, uye kugadzira nzvimbo dzakachengeteka dzokukurukura zviitiko zvazvino pasina rutongeso. Mapurogiramu eunyanzvi hwemichina yeARP anoshanda zvakanaka.

Kuvaka Tsika Yokudzidza

Pakupedzisira, kurava nokunyora vanhu vehurumende hakugoni kuwanikwa kupfurikidza nenhamburiko yomunhu oga.Inoda tsika iyo mipimo yokutora rutivi kwokuziva, kunzvera kwokutsoropodza, uye kurukurirano yokuremekedza.Nzanga, masangano enhau, zvikoro, uye masangano ehurumende zvose zvine mabasa okutamba mukugadzira mhoteredzo umo kurava nokunyora kwavanhu kunogona kubudirira.

Zvinogona Kuitwa Nenzanga

  • Itai kuti makambani anoongorora zvinhu zvakarurama aone kuti zvakarurama here kana kuti kwete
  • Tanga mabhizimisi okudzidza mumaguta ose nemashoko akajeka, anowanika
  • Shandisa mapepanhau nevanotepfenyura mashoko kuti vabudise mashoko
  • Ziva uye pemberera zviitwa nevanhu, zvakadai somuvhoti mukuru kana kuti zvirongwa zvenzanga zvinobudirira
  • Nzvimbo dzekurukurirano dzevagari vemo mumisiyano, yakadai senzvimbo dzokuitirana zvisizvo kana kuti mativi okufunda

Izvo Vanhu Vamene Vanogona Kuita

Munhu wose anogona kutora matanho anoshanda okusimbisa kurava nokunyora kwavo voga voga uye kubatsira kuti nzanga ive neruzivo:

  • Tevedzera mashoko akasiyana - siyana akavimbika anobva munhau, kusanganisira maredhiyo omunzvimbo iyoyo
  • Zvinyorere kunenge kupepanhau rimwe chete rinoongorora kana kuti kutevera zvinoongorora zvinhu pasocial network
  • Itawo zvinhu nemasangano ehurumende, kungava nokuzvipira, kupa mipiro, kana kuti kupinda zviitiko
  • Taura nemhuri neshamwari nezvemaonerwo aungaita mashoko, uchishandisa mienzaniso
  • Kusava nechokwadi kwemienzaniso pasina kutsoropodza kupfurikidza nokubvunza mibvunzo yokufunga panzvimbo pokuramba chinhu chiri chose
  • Goverana mashoko akabvumikiswa uye mashoko asina kururama paunosangana nawo, netsitsi noufakazi

Mupeto: Basa Rinopfuurira Roubati Ushe Hwehurumende Hunodzora

Kuvaka kurava nokunyora kwavagari vemo hakusati kuri chinhu chenguva imwe asi muitiro unopfuurira. Sezvo mashoko enzvimbo achichinja, naizvozvowo zvishandiso namazano zvatinoshandisa kunzwisisa, kuyera, uye kupinda mumashoko namashoko. Kupfurikidza nokubatanidza zivo yehwaro nounyanzvi hunoshanda, mibato inovimbwa, uye kusimudzira musengwa wenzanga yose, tinogona kusimbisa hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu vose kubva pasi. Vavariro yacho haisati iri yokungoshandisa mashoko asi kutora rutivi rune revo muupenyu hwevagari vemo hunoumba nguva yedu yemberi. Kutanga kuzivisa kurava nokunyora mashoko kunowedzera vanhu kukuita zvisarudzo zvapamutemo, kuchengeta masangano anozvidavirira, uye kubetsera zvakanaka kunzanga dzavo, kuvimbisa kuti democracy inoramba iri huru uye yakasimba nokuda kwezvizvarwa zvinouya.