Kuparadzana Kunokosha Kwekudzora Mvura Nemarudzi

Gadziriro yemvura inosarudza kuti zviwanikwa zvemvura zvine mvura yakachena nezvinogoverwa sei, zvinoshandiswa, uye zvinodzivirirwa. Nokuda kwemarudzi emvura ari mungozi (kubva ku maAmazon] dolphin yorwizi [] ye-Eupaneel [[]] iyi miraudzo inogona kureva musiyano pakati pokunaya nokutsa. Mvura dzinoshanda zvakanaka dzinodzora zvinodikanwa zvomunhu nokuda kwokunwa mvura, kurima, uye indasitiri nezvinodikanwa zvezvinhu zvipenyu zvemvura. Painoitwa zvakanaka, inodzivisa kuputirwa kwenzvimbo, kudzorwa kwetsvinda, uye inochengeta zviremera zvinotsamira pakubereka zvinhu.

Zvisinei, mitemo yakawanda iripo yemvura yakagadzirwa njodzi dzemarudzi akasiyana- siyana dzisati dzanzwisiswa. Inowanzoisa miuyo yenhambo pfupi yemari kana kuti kukundikana kuparira miuyo inowedzerwa. Kuvandudza iyi gadziriro nevavariro dzakajeka dzemarudzi zvino inzvimbo yokutanga yenyika yose. Masangano akafanana ne International pose posel Union nokuda kwokuchengetedzwa kweNature (IUCN)[FL:1] nemiviri yenyika yakadai se U.S.CM Nhlangano yeNHANGANI yeNHANGA] inosimbisa nenzira inowedzera kuti muitiro wemvura unofanira kubatanidzwa nesayenzi yokuchengetedza kuti udzokedzere kusha maitiro ezviwirira mumvura.

Kukosha Kwokuchengetedza Mvura

Gadziriro dzemvura dzinoumba rutivi rwuri rwose rwezvinhu zvinooneka namakemikari zvemhoteredzo dzomumvura. Inoita kuti rwizi ruve ruduku, inogadza miganhu pazvinobuda, uye inogadza miganhu yenzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa. Izvi midziyo zvinodzorwa zvinotapura zvakananga kupukunyuka kwemarudzi. Somuenzaniso, Vaquatiise porpoise[[ [[FLT]] ([[FLT]PHOCOENA] sinus[)) muGulf yeCalifornia iri mungozi zvikuru nemhaka yokubatwa kubva mukuredza hove dzinorambidzwa, mubato unodzorwa nokuresa kuderera kwemiranoresa yapa-tsvina uye kushairwa kwezvishandiso zvekurarama zvenzanga zvenzanga dzomunzvimbomo. Strong steng mvura neProbing prosocial anokwanisa kushatia, uye kuisa mubatanidzwa.

Uyezve, gadziriro yemvura inonangana netyisidziro huru dzakadai sedzinobva mumichina yokurima, iyo inoparira nzvimbo dzakafa dzinodzima hove nedzisingadziki. Gulf of Mexico dead contrast, yakabatanidzwa nemitoro yoRwizi Mississippi, mugumisiro wakananga wemitemo yemvura yakanaka. Nenzira yakafanana, madhamu nezvinovhiya mvura zvinochinja hurumende dzinofamba dzomusikirwa, zvinovhara kutama kwehove nokuderedza kuoma kwenzvimbo yokugara. Milmpira yakadai sezvinodikanwa zvokufambisa mhoteredzo nemirano kubvisa dhamu naizvozvo zvinokosha nokuda kwemarudzi akafanana [[FLT:] as as as as arthromalmon uye [FLT:] .Melikan]

Pamwero wamarudzi ose, zvibvumirano zvakafanana ne Chibvumirano paMitemo yeMitemo yeMitemo ne Ramsar Convention paWetlands[ zvinogovera gadziriro dzokushandiswa kwemvura inokamurwa. Bva kushandura kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji kunoderedza. Pasina mirau yapamutemo yamarudzi inobatanidza iyi misengwa, marudzi mazhinji anoramba achiderera.

Nhungamiro Huru Dzokuchengetedza Kupfurikidza Nemiitiro Yemvura

1. Kuvaka Nokupfura Nzvimbo Dzakadzivirirwa

Nharaunda dzengarava dzinodzivirirwa (MPAS) uye nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mvura yakachena ibwe rekona rekuchengetera mvura. Padzinotarisirwa zvakanaka, dzinodzivirira nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa zvinhu zvikuru pamabasa anoparadza akadai sechokudziringa pasi, kudzvanya, uye kukura kwemhenderekedzo dzegungwa. Papahānaumaākea Marine National Monument muHawaii, imwe yenharaunda dzakadzivirirwa zvikuru paPasi, zviteshi zvinotyisidzira marudzi akafanana netsotsono dzechimo chemufara cheHawaii nembevaras. Nenzira yakafanana, nharaunda dzakadzivirirwa muRio Grande neColoradorado batsira kuchengeta zvisaririra zvasara zvehovesoko zvakadai seRio Grande silver dimin.

Zvisinei, maMPA akawanda aripo bedzi papepa --kushaya pamutemo, miganhu, kana kuti gadziriro dzemiganhu. Muitiro wemvura unoshanda zvakanaka unofanira kubatanidza kuzvipira nemari yokutarisira , community[[[FLT]], uye , uye [[FLT]] muitiro unogona kuwirirana nokushandisa kwoupfumi nokuredza . Somuenzaniso, Great Barrier Roef Marine Marine Park inoshandisa gadziriro isingabataniswi nenzvimbo dzinochengetedzwa, dzinotsigirwa nepurogiramu yakakwana. Uyu mutezo unogona kuchengetedza nokushandisa kushamba kwezvo zvoupfumi nokuredza.

2. Kusimbisa Mitemo Yokudzora Kushatisa

Kushatisa chinhu chikuru chinoparira kuderera kwemarudzi emvura. Mapessicide, simbi dzinorema, mapurasitiki, uye zvisaririra zvemishonga zvinoungana mumitumbi yemvura, zvinokuvadza kubereka, kukura, uye kushanda kwemasero anodzivirira utachiona. Mitemo yemvura inofanira kugadza mipimo yakakomba uye inokurudzira makemikari oruvara rwegirini. Scruit Water Act muUnited States yakaderedza mavambo ezvinoshatisa mafekitari nezvinorasa tsvina, asi isiri muganhu wezvinoshatisa tsvina nezvinogadzirwa, zvinoshatisa tsvina nezvinogadzirwa nezvinogadzirwa.

Mitemo inopa mitsva se yezvokutengeserana mvura inobvumira vashatisi kutenga chikwereti kuvarimi vanoshandisa miitiro yokutarisira yakanakisisa, vachitanga kurudziro dzemari dzokuderedza mitoro yezvokudya. Shipeake Bay Program inoshandisa gadziriro yokushambadzira kuderedza nitrogen nephosphorus, inobetsera kumutsa michero yomumvura uye kutsigira vanhu vamabhuruubhuru nemba. Miteko yakafanana inoongororwa nokuda kweBaltic Seatic Gungwa, umo utachiona hunotyisidzira marudzi akafanana neyavaltic cod.

3. Kusimudzira Kushandiswa Kwemvura Inochengetedza

Kuwanwa kwemvura pamusoro pemvura yokudiridza, indasitiri, uye maminisita zvinoshandisa nzizi neaquifers, zvichisiya kusakwanira kuupenyu hwomumvura. Miitiro yemvura inofanira kukurudzira kuchengetedza mvura [, kuvandudza kufambiswa zvakanaka[, uye [[FLT]] , uye [[FLT] .] . Somuenzaniso, Muround-Darm Basin Plan muAustralia inogadza miganhu inochengetedza muganhu inopfuudzira nokuda kworwizi rukurusa rwenyika. Yabetsera kudzikamisa mamiriro okugara aripo nendarama, kunyange zvazvo zvinetso nokuchinja kwemamiriro enzvimbo.

Politiki inogonawo kuraira shamhu yemagariro.

Kuongorora Zvirongwa Zvokudzorera Zvinoitwa Nevechikwata

Nzvimbo dzinogara dzakashatiswa dzinogona kudzorerwa kupfurikidza nezvirongwa zvemiitiro. Kubviswa kweDHAM kwakabvumikisa kuva kunoshanda zvikuru nokuda kwehove dzinotama. Kubviswa kweElwha neGlines Canyon Dam muWashington State kwakazarura makiromita 70 okubereka nzvimbo yokugara nokuda kwePacific salmon nestical traut, zvichitungamirira kukukurumidza kugadziridza. Miitiro yemvura inogona kutsigira kubvisa kwakadai, inoda kuti hove dzinopinda mumadhamu aripo, uye kubvisa muganhu wenzvimbo inoiswa mvura mugadziriro dzemvura.

Kudzorerwa kweWetland ndiimwe nzvimbo yokutanga. Dutu renyika dzapamhenderekedzo dzegungwa rehove rinokwira, zvinoshatisa, uye rinogovera nzvimbo yokurerera nokuda kwamazana amarudzi. Costal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Reformation Act muLouisiana inogovera mabhiriyoni emadhora okudzorera madhaka anotsigira madhaka eLouisianaiana matema nemarudzi ehove akawanda. Nenzira yakafanana, Eupan Water Foundation Fractive Directionive Directive [[FLT]]] Mutezo wemitezo yemitezo yose yemvura inoda kutaura kuti iwarote " mugariro wakanaka wemhoteredzo yapasi pevhu, iyo inowanzoparira kuti pavezve mukoto wezviwirisopo nezvinoshatsa.

Zvinetso Mukushandisa Muitiro Wemvura Unobudirira

Kuramba Zvematongerwe Enyika Nezvido Zvinokwikwidzana

Mvura inzvimbo inopa mikana yezvamatongerwe enyika. Makambani ezvokurima, makambani emagetsi, uye zvinoshandiswa mumvura zvomumaguta kazhinji kazhinji zvinodzivisa mirau inoganhurira kusvika kwavo kana kuti kuwedzera ndyiko. Somuenzaniso, nhamburiko dzokudzivirira Delta sment muSacramento-San Joquin Delta yave yakatsvikinyidzirwa mumatare nehondo dzezvamatongerwe enyika, uye vashandisi vemvura vachiramba kuti mhoteredzo inofamba ichikuvadza kurima nomugovero wemapurazinesi. Vagadziri vemikoro vanofanira kufamba neiyi rwisano kupfurikidza nemiitiro inoreruvara, uye mibayiro yemiuyo yenzanga.

Dzvinyiriro Dzemari Nokufunga Kwechinguvana

Zvirongwa zvakawanda zvemvura zvakadai sokuvaka madhamu kana kuti mugodhi wemvura yapasi nerokuti ikodzere kupfurikidza nebetsero dzepfuma dzakakurumidza, nepo ndyiko dzenguva refu dzemhoteredzo dzinodzikwa. Iyi nhambo pfupi imhinganidzo huru. Somuenzaniso, ngwavaira yeAral Sea yakabva mumakumi amakore ecome imwe chete iyo yakatsausa nzizi pasina kuvadziko yemiuyo yemhoteredzo yadzinogara. Nhasi, simba rakafanana rinotyisidzira Lake Urmia muIran neColoradorado Rima. Mite inobatanidza miganhuro inochengetedzwa nezvinotengwa kwenguva refu zvinogona kudzosera kuchengetedzwa.

Kushaikwa Kwezvinyorwa zveSayenzi Nokuongorora

Gadziriro yemvura inoshanda inoda mashoko ane mavambo pavagari vemarudzi, uwandu hwemvura, uye ushambi hwehurumende. Nharaunda dzakawanda, zvikurukuru munyika dzichiri kusimukira, dzinoshaiwa zviwanikwa zvokuramba dzichiongororwa. Ikoku kunoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuyera kushanda kwegadziriro kana kuti kuona zviratidzo zvokunyevera. Kubatana kwemarudzi ose kwakafanana ne Gelson International Biodiversity Assesment donzo rokuzadza nzvimbo idzi, asi mari inotsigirwa nechivako chomunzvimbomo zvinokosha. Pasina mashoko, mitemo inoramba iri basa rokufungidzira.

Kungwarira Vanhu uye Kuita Chibvumirano

Kuchengetedza mvura kunowanzotsiva zvimwe zvinhu zvemhoteredzo. Vanhu vazhinji havazivi kuti kushandisa kwavo mvura kunotapura zvakananga marudzi ari mungozi mazana amakiromita. Nhimbe dzedzidzo, gadziriro dzesayenzi, uye zvishandiso zvinowanika zvokushuma zvinogona kuvaka tsigiro yavose nokuda kwemitemo yakasimba yemvura. Somuenzaniso, Lake Ontario Atlantic Salphany Reconsoled Program[ inoita vazvipiri vomunzvimbomo mukuchenesa nokuunganidza hove, vachisimudzira pfungwa youtarisiro hunoshandura dzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika kuti idzivirirwe.

Kuongorora Zvakaitika Mumutemo Wemvura Nemarudzi Anopora

Vaquita: Rwisano Yokudzivisa Kutsakatika

Vaquita porpoise, ine vanhu vasingasviki 10 vakasara, ndiyo mhuka inopfuya mvura yomugungwa iri mungozi zvikurusa yenyika. Nzvimbo yayo bedzi iGulf of California, umo kurongedza kwesiri pamutemo hove dzetotoaba (inozvinyudza imene iri mungozi) maporpoise sekavhangeri. Mexico yaita chirambidzo chenguva dzose muVaquitah, chinotsigirwa nenhevedzo yemichina yenzwinga. Zvisinei, zvematongerwe enyika achazununguka, uye kuredza kusiri pamutemo kunopfuurira. Chinongemuitiro ichi chinosimbisa kuti muitiro unofanira kutsigirwa nokuchengetwa kusingachinjiki uye kudyirwa kwezviraramiro zvevaredzi.

Kupora kweAtlantic Salmone Pasi Pomuitiro Wemarudzi Ari Mungozi

Nhamba dzevalmon vezomusango dzeAtlantic muUnited States dzakaderera nemhaka yemadhamu, kushatiswa, uye kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze. Dzakarongwa sedziri muMaine, marudzi anobetsera kubva ku Species Act (ESA)] Yakakanganisirwa iyo inoraira kuti pave negadziriro dzokuvandudza uye zita rokugara rakakomba. Miitiro yemitemo yemvura inobatanidza kubviswa kwedha (g., Edwards Dam muAugusta), kuvandudza kufamba kwehove, uye kuderedza kubvisa mvura. Mitengo yemisi ichangobva kuoneka inowedzera mukudzoka vakuru, asi marudzi anoramba ari asina kukuvadzwa zvikuru.

Kuchengetedza Mapoka Murwizi rweCaspian neDanube

Staffion, anokosha nokuda kwechikwata chavo, akaparadzwa nokuredza, kuuraya, uye kuvaka madhamu. MuCaspian Sea, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CUVS) inodzora kutengeserana kwechiviar, asi kushambadza kusiri kwapamutemo kunopfuurira. MuEurope, purogiramu yeUFLT, mari yenzvimbo yapangi neyokuzorongedzesa. Beturgeon Starge Force [[FFo:][3]

Makoori: Chinetso Chomutemo Wenyika Yose

Marukwa eCoral anotarisana netyisidziro dzinobva kumvura inodziya, acid, uye kushatiswa kwenyika. Gadziriro yemvura pamwero womunzvimbomo inogona kuderedza kushata nezvinovaka, asi chinjo yomugariro wokunze inoda kuderedzwa kwemitengo yenyika yose. Reef 2050 Read Compitability Plan [[FLL:1]] nokuda kweGreat Barrier Reef inobatanidza zvinhu zvine mvura, zvakadai sokuderedza nitrogen inofamba ne 80% pa2025. Miuyo yapakuvamba inoratidzira kuvandudzwa mune dzimwe mhenderekedzo dzegungwa, asi 2024 inovhara zviitiko zvemitengo yomunzvimbomo yoga yoga. Ikoku kunosimbisa kudikanwa kwemiitiro yemvura yenzvimbo yemvura yakavhenga.

Basa Rezvibvumirano Zvemarudzi Ose uye Kushandira Pamwe Kusingachinji

Marudzi mazhinji emvura anotama achigura miganhu yezvamatongerwe enyika. Chibvumirano paMirall Species (CMS) chinogovera gadziriro yokudzivirira marudzi se katefish[ ne [[FLT]] na [[FLT]] Bramynite [[[FLT]] kite yemakemily kite [. Kushandisa kunotsamira pamite yemvura inowirirana nezvibvumirano. [[FLT:] [FLT] .[FLT] [FLD]] .[7] pasi peUNIC] Komission yaEurope inobetsera kutakura madzi, asi hakubatanidza zviri pamutemo munzvimbo dzakawanda.

MuSoutheast Asia, Mekong River Commission inoronga kutarisirwa kwemvura pakati paLaos, Thailand, Cambodia, uye Vietnam. Inotarisana nenyanduko pakati pekukura kwemvura nokuchengetedzwa kwe dolphin [ ne [[FLT]] rantint readrand trandray [. Mitemo yemitemo yakadai sezvinodikanwa zvemhoteredzo netapurofiti dzinopfuudzwa zviri kukudziridzwa, asi kuchengetedzwa kunoramba kuri kuneta. Kufambira mberi kuchada zvishuvo zvakasimba nokuda kwokubatira nokutsigira madhamu makuru.

Kuchinja Kwemamiriro Okunze: Muganhu Mutsva Wemitemo Yemvura

Kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze kuri kuchinja magadziro emvura, mazaya echando anonyunguduka, uye tembiricha dzemvura. Uku kuchinja kuripo kutyisidzira marudzi emvura. Somuenzaniso, hove dzemvura dzinotonhora se bull trout[ uye [[FLT]] brook traut [ muNorth America] iri kurasikirwa nenzvimbo dzinodziya. Mitemo yemvura inofanira kubatanidza nzira dzemamiriro okunze: kuvimbisa kuti tembiricha inogara mukati mekuchinjika, kudzoka kwemvura inodzorwa nemhepo inodzokoroka mumvura inodzongo-mvura.

Nyika yeZvokwadi yeZvokwadi yeZvokwadi yematunhu muU.S. inorumbidza kuisa zviitiko zvemhenga yenzvimbo muzvisarudzo zvemvura. Mienzaniso inobatanidza Colorado River Demontement Plan[[[FLT]]], inoderedza kushandiswa kwemvura mukati meperevedzo kudzivirira hove dziri mungozi kufanana nechipungu. Nenzira yakafanana, [FLT:] Mirray-Dring Basting Plan [ nhau dzekuderedza nokuda kwokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze, asi kushamba mvura kunofanira kuva dzinodzorwa dzakavangana nemhizha. Mitevero yomunguva yemberi inofanira kuchinjika zvakakwana kuti igochenge nharidzano yechate yenzvimbo refu.

Mashandisirwe Anoita Mari Nemashandisirwe Emvura, Kutsvakurudza, uye Kuvandudza Kwaakaitwa

Gadziriro yemvura haisati ichingodzora chete kudzora nokutsigira. Sacreate State Revoten Fund inogovera zvikwereti zvakaderera zvikurusa nokuda kwegadziriro dzemvura dzinoderedza kushatiswa. Mari zhinji dzinotanga gadziriro dzinobetsera marudzi emvura, dzakadai sokuvandudza nzvimbo dzinoshandiswa netsvina kana kuti kudzorera nzvimbo dzinoparadza. European Regional Development Fund[[[FL:3]] inotsigira zvirongwa zvakafanana kukuyambuka EUROM.

Nzvero ndimumwe muuyo. Chinowirirana se U.S. Endangered Scect inoda gadziriro dzokuvandudza idzo dzinozivisa zvinodikanwa kunzvera kwakadai senzira dzokunzwisisa kana kuti nzvimbo dzokugara. Masangano ehurumende anopa zvidzidzo zvedzidzo dzokuzivisa zvakananga kuiswa kwemvura. Somuenzaniso, kunzvera pa majonelphin [[FLT]] majonelphin [ mativi] akatungamirira kugadziridza mipimo yezvo kubata hove muBrazil. Polic inokurudzirawo kutanga miitiro yezvero ye DNA (e ) yendangariro)[FLDNA:5], iyo inobvumira kuwanikwa nokukurumidza, kusingajekerwi rwemarudzi. EPA'S program Ex Exces Seaces Exces Exces Sces kuti ivetute mitoo yeshatoooo yezvokushatoo.

Kupedzisa: Nzira Inofambira Mberi Yemarudzi Anogara Mugungwa

Gadziriro yemvura haisi chinyorwa chakareruka, uye chishandiso chipenyu chinofanira kushanduka nenzwisiso itsva yesayenzi, kuchinja migariro yemhoteredzo, uye kuchinja kwemipimo. Kuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi emvura ari mungozi kunotsamira pamiitiro iyo yakavakirwa, inomanikidzirwa, uye inochinjika. Nhau dzebudiriro, dzakadai sokuvakwazve kwesvolm yeAtlantic mudzimwe nzizi kana kuti kuiswa kwemibatanidzwa yavagari vemo vemo vemumvura, dzinoratidza kuti muitiro wemvura unoshanda unogona kudzokera shure. Asi izvi zvinobudirira zvinoda kudzoka uye kungwarira nguva dzose.

Kuwedzera iyi budiriro, hurumende dzinofanira kubatanidza kuchengetedzwa kwamarudzi namarudzi kukuita chisarudzo chiri pakati pemvura chose chinowirirana nejecha kusvikira kuzvinorasika zvemvura zvepasi pegungwa kubvumidzo. Batira pamwe yamarudzi ose inofanira kupfuudza kupfuura zvibvumirano zvokuzvidira kubatanidza zvisakiso zvinobatanidza miuyo yokusabatanidza. Chaunga chavagari vemo chinoita basa kupfurikidza nokuva noruzivo, sayenzi, uye kusarudza zvinochengetedzwa zvegungwa nezvigadzirwa zvinoshanda zvakanaka.

Zvinhu zvipenyu zvakasiyana - siyana zviri kuderera nokukurumidza kupfuura zvinowanika panyika kana kuti mugungwa.