Mavambo Okudzosera Kuumambo: Simba Nesimba Mumabwe

Zvigaro zvamadzimambo zvave zviri zvikuru kwazvo kupfuura dzimbawo zvadzo. Zvivako izvi zviratidzo zvakanatswa, zvakanamirwa zvesimba, pfuma, kuzivikanwa kwetsika, uye ukama hunochinja pakati pomutongi nenzvimbo yazvo. Kuvambira padzimba dzeimba dzevhu dzekare dzeMesopotamia kusvikira kunzvimbo dzapamberi, nzvimbo dzakaisvonaka dzemadzimambo azvino uno, izvi zvivako zvinoumba mibato mikuru inopfuudza nhau yetsika dzavanhu vamene. Kufunda nhau yedzimba dzamambo kunogovera hwindo husingaenzaniswi muzvivako zvenzanga, zvishuvo zvezvamatongerwe enyika, uye mano okugadzira zvinhu enguva dzakasiana-gandanga zvakasiana - siana. Izvo zvakanga zviri mishavo misha yamadzimambo namadzishe asi mibato yokudzora youmambo, zvikamu zvemitambo yavose, uye kutaura kwokuguma kwemitambo yamambo mukuru. Izvi zvichanzvera kuva nouko zvakaisvonaka muzvivako zvamagariro zveiyi mibato yakaisvonaka.

Mavambo Ezviito Zveumambo: Maguta Okutanga Anogara Mambo

Murangariro wenzvimbo yokugara youmambo unobuda panzvimbo yokutanga zvikuru. Sezvo nzanga dzakachinja kubva kundudzi dzinotama-famba kuti dzigadzire nzanga dzezvokurima, mizinda yehurumende yakavakwa, uye vatungamiriri vakabatanidza simba. Dzimba dzoumambo dzekare dzakanga dzisati dziri dzimba huru bedzi; dzakabatanidzwa kuti dzivakwe zvikamu zvakagadzirirwa kuronga chiremera, uye kubata zvivako nezoumwari. MuIjipiti yakare, imba yaFarao yakarangarirwa kuva microscom yechisiko chose, nzvimbo inoyera apo mwari weimba anogara. Izvi zvivako, kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji zvakavakwa nenhumbi dzinosimba zvikurusa dzinopukunyuka, uye minda mikuru yevhu, yakanga iri rutivi rwezvikomo nezvikamu zvamaguta makurusa zveimba yavose. Zvivako zveMino yeMino panzvimbo yavanhu vemomberi paKrete, mirwiro yevhu, mirwiyo, mirwi yemichero yemifaro, mipfumitemo yevhu, mipfu, mipfuyo mipfuro yemi yeimba yamambo yapasi yavanhu vose, yavanhu vose, yakavadzwa namarudzi, sezvakaratidzirwawose.

Kushanduka - shanduka Kwechiratidzo

Mumakore ane chiuru, magariro uye kushanda kwedzimba dzemadzimambo kwakachinja zvinoshamisa, zvichichinja - chinja muhondo, ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu, uzivi, uye matsva.

Horo Yakasimbiswa: Kudzivirira uye Kutonga (Nguva Yepakati Nepakati)

Kuwa kwoUmambo hweRoma kwakapinza nhambo yokukamuka kwezvamatongerwe enyika nokusachengeteka muEurope, kuchitungamirira kukutangwa kwenhare. Nzvimbo yokugara youmambo yeMiddle Ages yakanga iri yokutanga neyakatanhamara. Zvivako zvakaumbwa nedikanwo yedziviriro: masvingo makuru ebwe, mahwindo akatetepa, mahwindo akatetepa evapfuri, mipanda yezvitsi, migero yokudzivisa nhengedzo, uye nzvimbo inodzorwa nenzira yetsika kudzorosa. Pasinei zvapo nedonzo razvo rehondo, aya masvingoriwo akanga ari mishawo misha nemizinda yehurumende. Tower yeLondon, yakatanga naWilliam Mukundi, muenzaniso mukuru, neshoo yokuyera yaroro yayo inobatira sechiratidzo chaNorman pamusoro pevagari veSaxon. Zvisinei, sezvo simba repakati pehondo rakakura nokuvapo kwepfumba, yakavamba kudzivirira kunzvimbo dzapamutemo kunzvimbo dzinogarwa zvakanaka zvikuru kunzvimbo dzokugara.

Muzinda Wamambo Wevane Simba Renguva Yakanaka: Kubatana, Kutsigira Vanhu, uye Kuzvidzora

Renaissance yakaunza chinjo huru muuzivi hwemitemo. Kuwanikwazve kwenheyo dzechiRoma nechiGiriki kwakasimbisa kutemerwa, kuenzana, geomet, uye ukama hunowirirana pakati pechivako nemhoteredzo yacho. Nzvimbo youmambo yakashandurwa kubva pachiratidzo chehondo ingava chiratidzo chemifungo yetsika, kudzidza, uye simba rakanatswa. Palace of Verles[FLT] [[FLT]] imuenzaniso unoyera wechinzvimbo chenguva ino. Yakavakirwa naLouis XIV, yaisangovakwa nomusha chete asi muchina wezvamatongerwe enyika wakagadzirirwa kushandura mugariro weFrench. Chikerekedzo chawo chikuru, chiyere, chiyerengo, mapikichero evazhiodhiodwo, uye kubvisa mativi ose ezvikamu zvose zvechienzi, uye mativi ose ezvikeromedhea (hafu yemite yemite yemite yemite yemifaro) yamambo yamambo yamambo yenhau yechiFrench yakakurumbira zvikuru kubva muchimiro chenyika chenyika chenyika chenyika chenyika

Baroque Neroco Yomuraudzo

Kuvaka paRenaissance, nhambo yeBaroque yakawana upfumi kumwero mutsva, ichinangidzira ukuru hunoshamisa netapuro yemirangariro mumativi akasimba, kushongedza kwakaisvonaka, uye mafregi akaenzana napakuru. Royal Palace of Madrid neZwiwinger imienzaniso yakaisvonaka yeiyi nzira inoshamisa, shooka yemitambo. Kutevera vaBaroque, chitayera cheRoco, ruvara rwemichero, rwakawanda, uye kusiyana kukuru, zvikurukuru kwakakurumbira muFrance neGermany. Zvivako zvakafanana neSanssouci Palace muPotsdam (Frededededededing of the Great) uye vaending in Munich, marustburg echicco aish, marucco, uye marusarusai anenge maruki adzo adzo adzorwa zvikuru.

Kumutsidzirwa Kutsva Kwechitendero uye KwechiRoma

Kujekeswa nokuchinja kwakatevera kwakaparira kubviswa kwepfuma isingadzorwi yamadzimambo makuru. Chitendero chitsva, nemitsetse yacho yakachena, geomet, uye kurudziro inobva kumarejitari echiGiriki neRoma, zvakava chivako chenhambo inofungwa zvikuru neyavanhu. Brickham Palace pamberi, serinogadzirwa naJohn Nash, uye kupfava kwakaisvonaka kwePetit Trianton paVerlescanellary kunoratidzira iyi komba. Nguva yeRoma inosimudzira kudzorerwa kwemiitiro yenhau, zvikurukuru Revigati. British, inotsvaka kubatana neyakare neyakare kare neyapa kare napachitema, uye yakavakwazve nePult Houserset. Chivanzerime chinoshandiswa kuva nyanzvi yenhauro yenhau renyika dzenyika yose.

Revo Yokuvaka: Inopfuura Mushawo Zvawo

Kuvaka imba youmambo hakungogumiri pakunaka kwayo, asi kunobatsirawo vatyairi kuti vagadzirise zvinhu zvitsva, vagadziri vedzimba, uye zvinhu zvinogadzirwa.

Kufamba Kwokuchinja

Matare emadzimambo ndiwo akanga ari shongwe hurusa dzezvokuvaka. Vakashandisa nyanzvi dzemapurani, mainjiniya, uye nyanzvi dzenguva yavo. Denho yokuvaka zvivako zvakakura zvikuru uye zvakaoma yakasunda miganhu yeinjiniya. Kugadzirwa kwematenga makuru, akajeka edzimba dzakadai sePalais Garnier (kusingavi nzvimbo yokugara, inoda kuvakawo masriti anokosha. Kuvakwa kwemvura yakawanda netsime paVerleskay kwakasimudzira zvikuru muinjiniya yemichina inokwenete. Kuiswa kwepakati pete yezvokudzisa, kukwidziridza utsanana, uye kuvamba kwemagetsi mudzimba dzepavhuro dzakateveruka dzakaita se [FLD:]][FLT]] Imba yewaro yePFLT]

Kugadza Miitiro Yetsika Neyekugadzira

Kwamazana amakore, mugadzirirwo wedare roumambo wakagadza mupimo wefashoni yamachinda uye, pakupedzisira, fashoni itsva muruvazhe muParis yaizokurumidza kunyorwa muLondon, Vienna, uye St. Petersburg. Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakati, kufanana neSèvres porcelain kana kuti Gobelins metriptics dzakasimudzirwa nekorona yeFrance, dzakava zviratidzo. Minda yetsika yeVersarion, nemierometics dzayo uye dzakadzorwa (I &ecute;toile), dzakava mugadzirirwo wepuranga renzvimbo muEurope. Nenzira yakafanana, [FLT:] chikiiserie, chitarwa chakakurumbira mudzimba dzamambo muEurope muna 17 uye mazana 18 akaumbwa naMadokeromakurukota eWestern Royal.

Kuratidza Zvatinoita Zvematongerwe Enyika Nezvenzanga

Chisarudzo chiri chose chomuvako choumambo chakanga chiri kutaura kwezvamatongerwe enyika. Purani yapauriri yapaimba yamambo yakaratidzira donzo redare rapachivande rakasanotenderera uye kuwanikwa kwomuchinda anoumba vanhu. Nhamba isingaperi yedzimba paVersailles yakamanikidzira vashanyi kupfuurira kupfurikidza nenhevedzano yakafanorongwa, kuratidzira kudzora kwamambo pamusoro pokupinda nokushanda kwedare rake. Kupesana, kuva pedyo zvikuru, fundo yapachivande kana kuti [[FL:0]] chiratiso chapachivanda [[FLT:] muimba yamambo yakaratidzira fariro ye 18-centursue kuratidzira fariro yomunhu oga nemhiko. Kushandurwa kwamambo kupinda mumasheromeziyero, sechivrevorusa, chakanga chiri chiito chine simba chamanyuko, chimugadziriso che [FT][FM.[FM, 1] mumic.[3]

Kudzokorora Kwoumambo Kunocherekedzwa: Case Studies in Power and Croement

Nepo dzimba dzakawanda dzokugara dzamambo dzakakurumbira, shomanene dzinooneka senzvero yechienzi murevo yezvivako, imwe neimwe inobatanidza pfungwa dzenguva yayo nenzvimbo.

Guta Rakarambidzwa, kuBeijing, China

Chinyorwa chemidziyo yezvivako zvoumambo hweChina, Forbrigine City yakabatira somusha wamadzimambo 24 kwamakore anenge 500. Iro ichivako chikuru chezvivako zvinoda kusvika 1 000, chakarairwa zvakasimba mukuwirirana nenheyo dzaConfucian dzemitezo yeboka ravafundisi, symtry, uye geomency ( sheng shuign[[FLT]]). Irongedzero yayo, neHoro yeSimba reSimba reSimba reMubatanidzwa pakati paro, iratidzirwo rwomuviri woMwanakomana weDengaro, sechikamu chechisiko chose. Kushandiswa kweyero (imirira matairwe yamambo), mabhirifabheri, uye mabhiritendiro ose akarongwa kuti adzorerwe uye vashanyi vashanyi vadzore, vadzorerwe nesimba guru resimba resimba renyika yose.

Muzinda weTopkapi, Istanbul, kuTurkey

Topkapi Palace itsika yevhu yevhu yevhu yevhu yevhu yevhu yevhu yeOttoman ine simba renyika dzakawanda. Kusafanana netsika, chivako cheimba yamambo yeEurope, Topkapi chivako chezvinhu zvipenyu, chivako chakakura chakavakwa panzvimbo inotarisana neBosphorus. Purani yacho ivhuro ivhu rinogadzirwa nemhesano, inofamba kubva paruzhinji, zvivanze zvemitambo zvinowanika navakuru vakuru vakuru vehurumende, zviri pakati pevhu, zvakanatswa nenzvimbo dzapachivande yetende reProtherham nedzimba dzakavanzika. Chivako chivako chivako chemichetura chenyika yose iri mushongeriso, mazasi, mazasimendi ezvivanze, chiedza chechiedza kukunda nokuwana pfuma.

Hampton Court Palace, England

Hampton Court Palace ichinyorwa chechienzi chenhau yemapurani ezvinyorwa zveEngland, ichipa nhoroondo chaiyo yeturnal neStuart monarch. Pakutanga yakavakirwa Cardinal Wolsey, yakawanwa naHenry VIII, akaishandura kuva imba yakaisvonaka. Muzinda wacho uzere, tsvuku-bhurick Tudor, nemativi awo makuru eimba, nechivako rayo guru renyundo rayo, uye denga raro renyundo, uye Dare rapachivande, rinoratidzira kutonga kwomunhu oga neshoo yedare reTudor. Muzinda wamambo uzere nenzvimbo dzinoshanda dzakagadzirirwa imba huru, dzinofamba-famba. Gare gare gare, Sir Christopher Wren akawedzera piriro rakaisvonaka nokuda kwaWilliam naMary III. Iri jiro idzva, nedare idzva rakaisvonaka, ramabhiromendero makuru eTudouni yenguva yazvino uno, kumirira dare renyika renyika ino.

Muzinda weTopkapi, Istanbul, kuTurkey

Topkapi Palace itsika yevhu yevhu yevhu yevhu yevhu yevhu yevhu yeOttoman ine simba renyika dzakawanda. Kusafanana netsika, chivako cheimba yamambo yeEurope, Topkapi chivako chezvinhu zvipenyu, chivako chakakura chakavakwa panzvimbo inotarisana neBosphorus. Purani yacho ivhuro ivhu rinogadzirwa nemhesano, inofamba kubva paruzhinji, zvivanze zvemitambo zvinowanika navakuru vakuru vakuru vehurumende, zviri pakati pevhu, zvakanatswa nenzvimbo dzapachivande yetende reProtherham nedzimba dzakavanzika. Chivako chivako chivako chemichetura chenyika yose iri mushongeriso, mazasi, mazasimendi ezvivanze, chiedza chechiedza kukunda nokuwana pfuma.

Kuchengetedzwa Nokurerutswa Kwazvino Uno: Kubva Mumusha Wavoga Kuenda Kunhaka Yavose

Mazana amakore 20 ne21 akaona chinjo huru mubasa rokugara kwoumambo. Vazhinji, kufanana neImperial Palace muTokyo kana kuti Buckingham Palace, vanoramba vachishanda nesimba semisha yapamutemo yemadzimambo anotonga. Zvisinei, vakaisa simba ravo rezvamatongerwe enyika kuhurumende inosarudzwa, kuva vakakurumbira, uye masangano enhaka. Zvizhinjisa zvedzimba dzoumambo zvenhau kare zvinozarurirwa vanhu seminyuko, zvinova zvinova zvinodzorwa navanhu vose, zvinoparira mari inotengwa nokushanda sezvikamu zvinokosha zvezivikanwa zvorudzi. Masangano akafanana [[FLT: 0] Zvigove] zvamambo zvamatombo [[FLC] zvinowanika namabwe] zvinowanika mumibato mikuru yeUK inoshanda senzvimbo dzeLondon neHamplaces, zvivako zvehurumende zvinopfumisa zvikuru mumitengwa namumatomubatanidzwa namamwe marudzi avanhu. Izvo zvinongove zviripo, zvinova zvikamu zvamasimba makuru zvehurumende zvavanhu zvinopfuumbirwa mumarudzi avanhu zvinopfumbira, zvinopfupikisa zvinyorwa zvenguva dzose.

mhedziso

Zvigaro zvamadzimambo zvakaisvonaka zvinopfuura zvikuru misha yamadzimambo namahosi. Aya magwaro makuru enhau, akavakwa nenzira yokungwarira kuratidzira zvishuvo zvezvamatongerwe enyika, mipimo yetsika, uye mano oruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu enguva dzavo. Kuvambira panhare dzinodzivirira dzeMiddle Age kusvikira kudzimba dzamadzimambo dzakaisvonaka namabwe avose anhasi, izvi zvivako zvakaramba zvichichinja, zvichisiya chiratidzo chisingadzimiki panhau yezvivako. Zvivako zvakaisvonaka nenzvimbo dzazvo zvinooma kunzwisisa ikurukurirano yakananga nekare, zvichizivisa ukama hwakaoma kunzwisisa pakati pomutongi navanhu vake. Kufunda revoro repurasitikiro yazvo kunogovera marengi naanogombe anopfuudza kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa kupararira kwapamhizha kwenhau. Izvi hazvingosiyi nhau chete; zvinomira, zvinonyarara nesimba, sezvo zvichina, zvichiva zvakabatana nokumuka kwoumambo, zvounyanzvi hwokuwananananisa unyanzvi, uye nokuda kwokutsvaka kwavo kunaka.