Kusaenzana Kunovapo Sechinetso Chehurumende

Kusaenzana kwemari kunogamuchirwa muUnited States kunoramba kwakakwirira nemipimo yenhau, bva ukuru hworuparadzano hunosiyana zvikuru kubva kunyika imwe kuenda kune imwe. Uku kusiyana hakungoerekani kwaumbwa negadziriro yakasiana yezvisarudzo zvemitemo yakaitwa pamwero wenyika. Nepo mutero wehurumende nokuendesa zvirongwa zvichitanga mubatanidzwa wenyika, zvisarudzo zvakati zvinoitwa navatongi nehurumende pakubhadhara mitero, mari, uye murairo pakupedzisira zvinosarudza kugoverwa kwebanza remari mukati memiganhu yavo.

Gavhuna ane nzvimbo ine simba rakatanhamara muiri simba. Sezvo mukuru mukuru wehurumende anogadza purogiramu yemitemo, anokarakadza bhajeti yegore negore, uye anoshandisa bharani. Maturusi aya anobvumira gavhuna kupesvedzera upfumi hwenyika uye kuva negari vayo zvakanaka mune zvemari. Kunzwisisa kufambidzana pakati poutungamiriri hwehurumende nemari yemari kunokosha zvikuru kunzwisisa utano hwemari hwerudzi.

Kuyera Nyika: Kuenzana Kunoitwa Kusaenzana kweHurumende

Kuyera tapuro yetsika, kunobetsera kunzwisisa kuti kusaenzana kunoyerwa sei. Mhesano inozivikanwa navose ye Gini coni repesenti, iyo inovambira pa0 (kuenzana kwakakwana) kusvikira ku 1 (kusaenzana kwakakwana). Mitengo yakadai seNew York neCalifornia inoratidzira magirafitime eGini, inoratidzira mukaha mukuru pakati pevawani vakakwirirasa.

Dzimwe nhano dzinokosha dzinobatanidza [ 90/10 reshiyo , iyo inoenzanisa mari yapamusoro ye 10 muzana yavawani ne 10 muzana kusi, uye mitanharo ye yemari ye [[FLT:], iyo inoyera bviro yokuti mwana akaberekerwa pasi pechine vhintinei semunhu mukuru. Iyi mhindu. Nyika ingavawo nokusaenzana kukuru asi kukwirira kwakakwirira (Hwedzero yemari), kana kuti ingava nekusaenzana kwakaderera zvikuru asi urombo hunopfuurira ("gnant"). Gubernator anogona kupesvedzera zvose zvemativi aya, asi zvipfuumbiso zvakasiana.

Mashoko akavimbika nokuda kweuku kuenzanisa anowanika kupfurikidza ne U.S. American Community Survey ne Economic Policy Institute[ zvose zviri zviviri zvinogovera kuputsika kwegore negore kwehurumende.

Chishandiso chaGavhuna: Revars nokuda Kwokuparadzira Kwezvemari

Mitemo Yemari Negadziriro Yemitero

Bumbiro remitero ndiro chishandiso chakananga zvikurusa chinowanika kuna gavhuna nokuda kwokupesvedzera kusaenzana kwemari yapashure pemitero. Zvisarudzo pamusoro pomutero womunhu oga wemari inotambirwa, mutero webhizimisi, uye mutero wokutengesa zvine miuyo yapakarepo uye inotapurwa pakuparadzirwa kwemari inoraswa.

Mitero yemari inotambirwa , uko vawani vakakwirira vanobhadhara chiverengero chikuru chemari yavo, chishandiso chine simba chokuderedza kusaenzana kwemitero yapashure pemitero. Manyika akabatanidza mitero inofambira mberi, yakadai seCalifornia, New York, uye Minnesota, anowanzova nemitero yakawanda yemari inotambirwa vanhu vose uye mukamukana muduku pakati pevawani vemari vakakwirira nakaderera pashure pokubhadharisa mitero nokutamiswa kwemitero. Zvikapesana, [[FLT:] mitero inotengwa nemari inotengwa nemari inotambirwa mari yakawanda [ kana kuti kutsamira pakushanda kukuru [FLD:] mitero inodzo inodzorwa kushambadza, semari inotambirwa mari yakaderera.

Gavhuna anoona zvikarakadzo zvemitero nechikwereti zvinokosha zvakaenzana. Kukura kwe [FLT: 0] Tsvaka reruwa reIniverse Tail (ETC) kunorangarirwa zvikuru serimwe ramaturusi ane simba zvikurusa anowanika. Inotusa basa, mibayiro, uye inoisa mari mumaoko emhuri dzinowana mari yakaderera. Hutungamiriri hwehurumende hunotsoropodza mukutsigira kana kuti kuvhara kufutunura kwakadaro.

Ronga Zvokutanga Zvemari Nemari Inochengeterwa Muzinda Wavanhu

Chikarakadzo chemari yokushandisa chinozivisa zvinhu zvavo zvinokosha. Chikamu chikurusa chemari yehurumende inotapurwa chinoenda ku K-12 dzidzo. Kuti mari yehurumende inoshandiswa sei nezvikoro zvayo yapakuvamba neProvises projects (inogona kutanga mitsara mikuru pakati peruwa rwavapfumi navarombo) kana kuti mativi enyika anotapura zvakananga miuyo yavadzidzi vanobva mumigariro yezvemari yakasiana. Gavhuna vanoisa mudzidzo yapakuvamba napamberi pePro-K vanobetserawo mwero wokutamba vana vasati vapinda mutsika yechikoro.

Kupfuura dzidzo, mutengo wemari pasi peAffordal Care Act yave iri nhau inorondedzera nokuda kwamagavhuna mukati megumi ramakore rapfuura. Kuwedzera Medicaid kunovandudza kusvika kuutano, kuderedza chikwereti chezvokurapa, uye kugovera dzikamo yemari nokuda kwemhuri dzinoshanda. Manyika akakudza Medicaid akaona kuvandudzika kuri nani muutano hwemari uye kuderera kwendyiko dzetarisiro dzisina kuenzeka, nepo nyika dzisiri dzezvo dzoukuru kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji dzine mwero yavagari vemo vakashaidzwa nedzinovharwa zvikuru muruwa.

Kuwana mari yedzidzo yepamusoro uye kudzidziswa basa kunobatsirawo.

Kuchinja Kunoita Basa uye Kamari Kaduku

Chiremera chagavhuna pamusoro pemari shomanene inokosha. Mukusavapo kwewedzero dzine revo pamwero womubatanidzwa, nyika dzazova nzvimbo yehondo huru nokuda kweiyi purogiramu. Gavhuna vanosaina mutemo wokukwidza mubhadharo zvishoma nezvishoma kusvikira ku $15 paawa kana kuti kukwidziridza zvakananga mari yavashandi vanoripirwa mari shomanene. Kunzvera kubva ku National Bureaution of Economic Research[ uye mamwe masangano anoratidza kuti mari inotambira shomanene inowedzera mibairo inokwira zvishoma nezvishoma nemiuyo yakashata pabasa, zvikurukuru mumisikamibato yavashandi.

Mimwe miitiro yemitemo yebasa mupesvedzero yesimba inobatanidza mhuri inobhadharwa uye zororo rezvokurapa , yakabhadhara mazuva anorwara [, uye zvibvumirano zvisingasarungwa. Gavhuna vanotsigira kubvumira mapurogiramu vanosiya mapurogiramu achibetsera kuderedza mari inopfuudzwa navashandi vanotarisana nechinetso choutano kana kuti kubereka mwana. Tsigira nokuda kwokuganhurira kubatira basa nemiripo, zvikurukuru mumaindasi akaderera sezvokudya uye mutengesi.

Dzimba Nemhoteredzo Yakavakwa

Kuwanika kwedzimba kwakabuda somumwe wavatyairi vepakati vekusaenzana kwemari. Munyika dzakakwirira, mutengo wedzimba unopedza mugove mukuru wemari inowanwa, uchibvisa nenzira inobudirira mhindu kubva pamubhadharo wakakwirira kana kuti chikwereti chemitero. Gavhuna vane pesvedzero huru pamusoro pomutemo wedzimba kupfurikidza nemitemo yedzimba, nyika inoshandisa mirau, uye mari yenzvimbo yokuchengetera dzimba.

Vatongi vanomanikidzira nokuda kwe kudzorwa kwenzvimbo dzinodzorwa kubvumira kukura kwemibato yemaguta anodhura kubatira donzo rakananga pachisakiso chikuru chemari inotengwa nemhindu inorarama. Kune rumwe rutivi, mitemo yorumano yomugariro wokuparadza inodzivisa hurumende dzomunzvimbomo kuisa dzori kana kuti kuisa nharaunda ganhuriro dzinogona kuganhurira maturusi anowanika kuti atarisire mari. Kusvika kwagavhuna kwekugoverano yedzimba nedziviriro dzemari kunogona kuisa zvimwe dziviriro dzemari panzvimbo dzakaderera nedzinowana.

Uchapupu Hwokuongorora: Maitirwo Akaitwa Nevapurisa

Muenzaniso Unofambira Mberi: Kuchengeta Mari Yakakwirira, Mitero Yakakwirira

Mitengo yakadai seCalifornia, New York, Oregon, uye Massachusetts yakaronda muenzaniso wemitero yakakwirira yakavakwa pamipfuvuro, rutava rwakachengeteka rwenzanga dzakasimba, uye dziviriro dzebasa dzakasimba. Migumisiro yacho inozivikanwa asi yakaoma. Iyi nyika inoda kuva nemwero yourombo yakaderera zvikuru pashure pokunge yatamisirwa kupfuura nyika zhinjisa. Mambure avo okudzivirira anoshanda pakudzikisa pasi.

Zvisinei, ivo vanotarisanawo nedenho huru. Ndyiko dzakakwirira dzedzimba dzinodzorwa nokuganhurirwa kwenzvimbo nezvinoshaikwa zvikuru dzakaderedza mhuri kumicheto kana kuti pakati pehurumende chose chose. Ndyiko yokugara, zvikurukuru munharaunda dzomumaguta makuru, inogona kudzima betsero dzebetsero dzemari nemibayiro. Kupfuurirazve, idzi nyika kazhinji kazhinji dzinoratidzira zvikuru [ mutero wakakwirira zvikuru [, unosundwa nokuvapo kwavashandi vezivo yakakwirira navashandi vakaderera vanorarama mumaguta mamwe anodhura.

Muenzaniso Wakaderera: Kukura Nokuorera

Nyika dzakadai seTexas, Florida, Tennessee, neNevada dzakashandisa nzira yakasiyana: mitero yakaderera, mirayiridzo mishoma, uye kukwezva kwebhizimisi. Nyika idzi dzinowanzoona kuwedzera kwebasa, zvikurukuru mukuvaka, dzidzo, uye mutsa. Vatsigiri vanotaura kuti kuwedzera uku kunoita kuti zvikepe zvose zvikwirire, zvichipa mikana yokuwana mabasa nokuda kwevashandi vanouraya vanhu vashoma.

Vatsoropodzi vanoonesa, zvisinei, kuti uyu muenzaniso kazhinji kazhinji unoparira kusaenzana kwapashure pemitero kwakakwirira. Nemhaka yokuti idzi nyika dzinotsamira zvikuru pamitero yokutengesa inodzokororwa nemitero yebhizimisi yakaganhurirwa, mutoro wemitero unonyanyowanda zvikuru kuvagari vemo vanowana mari shoma. Mambure echengeteko anzanga kazhinji kazhinji haapiwi mari yakawanda, uye mwero yevagari vemo vasina kudzivirirwa yakakwirira. Muuyo unogona kuva "yakabudirira" iyo inopa mikana yokukwira kukwira kwemitero asi inopa tsigiro yakananga nokuda kwaavo vanotamburira. Kukura kwebasa muidzino kunokomba dzinova dzinova nedzidzo yakakwirira kana kuti zvimwe masangano ebasa akaderera, na"mabasa apakati papakati pebasa.

Mitemo Yakananga Inohwina uye Zvipingamupinyi

  • Chivako cheEITC: Sezvambotaurwa, kukura kwehurumende EITC chishandiso chinoshanda zvikuru. Gavhuna anosundira kuita kuti nyika EITC ive inopfuudzwa uye ine rupo ane tapuro inopfuura pamwero yourombo hwavana.
  • Mitero yeCash : Vatongi vanoverengeka vakatsigira misi ichangobva kupfuura iyi zvikwereti zvemitero yavana nepurogiramu dzemari inodzorwa. Muna 2023, inotaura seMinnesota yakaita mutero mukuru wehurumende wakarongwa kuderedza urombo hwavana nechechitatu. Mitemo yakadaro muenzaniso wakajeka wenhungamiro yavakuru vanoshandura kuva mukusaenzana.
  • Mitemo inoenda kuBasa: Munyaya dzinopfuudzira mitemo yebasa, nzvero inoratidzira tapuro yakashata pamubairo, zvikurukuru nokuda kwavashandi vakabatana. Nepo vatsigiri vachipikisa iyi mitemo inokweva bhizimisi, ufakazi hunokarakadza kuti vanoda mari yakaderera zvikuru uye kuwedzera kusaenzana kwevashandi vanogadzira.

Mapoka Ane Simba Rokugomera

Kuziva kuti gavhuna haashandi nesimba rakakwana kunovatadzisa kuita zvinhu zvakasiyana - siyana.

Hurumende yakakamuraniswa[ chinhu chaichoicho chinopfuurira. Mutero unoshuva kana kuti chikarakadzo chokushandisa mari zvinogona kuva zvisipo pakusvika kana chibvumirano chehurumende chikadzorwa nebato rinopikisa. Rubudiriro rwemiitiro kazhinji kazhinji runotsamira padzimbahwe rezvamatongerwe enyika ragavhuna uye kudisa kubvumiranisa kana kuti kushandisa mirairo yavakuru vakuru.

Nhamba yemari inodikanwa[[FT:1], iripo muinenge nyika iri yose, inomanikidza magavhuna kuita zvisarudzo munzira iyo hurumende yehurumende isingadaro. Chisarudzo chokucheka mitero nokuda kwavapfumi chinofanira kuperekedzwa nokutemwa kana kuti kuwedzera kwemimwe mitero, inogona kukuvadza mapurogiramu anotsigira vagari vemo vakaderera.

Makwikwi eInterstate ebhizimisi nevagari vanosvika vakakwirira vanoshanda sesimba rokuranga. Gavhuna vanofanira kuyera mhindu dzakaenzana dzemitero yakakwirira zvikuru mungozi yokutama. Nepo ufakazi hunoshanda pakutama kwomutero unovhengana (vanhu vazhinji vanoenda nokuda kwemabasa kana kuti mhuri, kwete mitero), vanhu vanowana mari yakawanda vanotakurwa, uye gavhuna haagoni kufuratira ikoku chose chose.

Pakupedzisira, jambwa rehurumende uye countss staunts japtions zvinogona kumisa zvirongwa zvehurumende. Kuedza kushandisa udzori, somuenzaniso, kunogona kuparadzwa nematare ehurumende kana kuti kubviswa nomutemo wehurumende. Nenzira yakafanana, mitemo yehurumende inoganhura kuti masangano anogona sei kupedza mari yakati. [[FLT:]] Nzira Inosimudzirwa nokuda kweHurumende yeProfeti yeProjekiti yePrici yeProji yeProjekiti yeProfini [FLT]] [FLT: 5,]]] Vatongi vanobudirira zvikurusa vachava avo vanobatanidza kukura kwapamhindirwa kwomugariro mukurusa. Chino chetsika chavanhu vose. Chino chekubvisa ufakazi kubva kutongedzero. Chino chekare [F.] [FT]]

Mukuwedzera, kurukurirano pamusoro pekusaenzana iri kukura kupfuura mitemo yegamuchidzanwa yemitero netransfer kubatanidza houchachetura uye ] jaho anoshandisa [. Gavhuna anogona kuchinja kuvakwa kwedzimba dzakawanda munzvimbo dzakakwirira achaita zvikuru kuderedza kusaenzana somumwe anokwidziridza mubhadharo muduku.

Utungamiriri hwechipfuro hunoitawo basa mukugadza chimiro nokuda kwekubudirira kwezvemari. Panzvimbo pokupa mitero mikuru kumasangano (iyo inowanzova nedzorero yakaderera pakutengwa kwemari), vatongi vanotarira vari kuwedzera kuisa mari mu kufambira mberi zvinhu [, , [[FLT] programu dzemitero [[FLT]], uye

Gavhuna Vaiva Nyanzvi Dzokuwana Matambudziko Ezvemari

Ufakazi hwakajeka: zvisarudzo zvemiitiro zvinoitwa namagavhuna zvine simba rakananga uye risingachinjiki pakuparadzirwa kwemari munyika dzavo. Kuvambira pagadziriro yebumbiro remitemo remitero kusvikira kurupo rwemambure okudzivirira, kubva pamubhadharo muduku kusvikira kudzimba dzinogarwa, hofisi yagavhuna inzvimbo inobhadharwa nokuda kwechinjo yemari.

Nepo magavhuna achitarisana neganhuriro chaidzoidzo dzinobva kudzimba dzomutemo dzakakamukana, zvinodikanwa zvemari zvakadzikama, uye makwikwi ezvemari, ivo vanoshandisa chikuva chavo kutsigira mitemo inopinzwa mudzimbahwe ravanhu, kutsigira mhuri dzinoshanda, uye kubvisa mhinganidzo kumukana sezvingabvira kuona miuyo inowirirana zvikurusa. Sezvo rudzi runopfuurira kurwisana nedenho yokusaenzana, basa ragavhuna richangova bedzi rinokosha zvikuru mukuumba mugumo wezvemari wamamirioni eAmerica.