Sarudzo dzemicter dzinobatira semutoo wakakomba nokuda kwokuisazve muganhu wesimba mukati mehurumende. Zvichiitika pakati-pakati kupfurikidza neshoko rapurezidhendi muUnited States, izvi sarudzo zvinosarudza kugadzirwa kweImba yeVamiririri veU.S., chikamu chechitatu cheU. dare, uye hofisi isingaverengeki yehurumende nehofisi dzomunzvimbomo. Nepo sarudzo yapurezidhendi inodzora ngwariro yavose, pakati pemitevedzero inowanzoparira chinjo huru zvikuru mumitemo nomumitemo. Kunzwisisa kuvakwa kwapamutemo kunodzora izvi zvirongwa kunokosha nokuda kwechivhoti, zvirongwa zvemibato, uye nyanzvi dzemitemo dzakapoteredza. Mitemo yakapoteredza, kunyoresa, kunyoresa, kunyoresa, uye kuvhotera bvumirano kuumba kutemwa kwehurumende yehurumende yehurumende nemitemo zvinogona kuumba kupesvedzera zvose zviri zviviri kubatanidzwa.

Simba Rebumbiro remitemo Neretsika Rezvisarudzo Zvapakati

Nheyo yepamutemo yesarudzo pakati penhambo muUnited States inovambira muBumbiro reMitemo reU.S.Chikamu I chinosimbisa kuti mitezo yeImba yaVamiririri ichasarudzwa makore maviri ari ose navanhu venyika dzinoverengeka. Seventeenth Amendment yakatambanudzira kusarudzwa kwakakurumbira kuU.S. Senators, dzinobatira mipimo yegore matanhatu, neinenge chikamu chimwe chetatu cheDare rakakwirira nokuda kwerusarudzo mukati menhambo imwe neimwe. Iyi miraudzo yapamutemo yakagadza chirongwa chikuru chegadziriro yapashure asi inosiya udzame huzhinjisarudzo hwezvirongwa zvehurumende nemitemo yehurumende.

Pamwero wehurumende, mirau inoverengeka inoumba mubatanidzwa wechisarudzo. Voting Rights Act ya1965 inoramba iri mutemo weSarudzo yehurumende unoguma, ichirambidza rusaruro rwedzinza mumiitiro yokuvhota uye inoda kuti dzimwe mativi ane mativi okusarura awane pamutemo usati wachinja mitemo yeSangano. Kunyange zvazvo chisarudzo cheDare gurusa 2013 mu Shelby County v. Raker yakadzosaidzisa nzira inoshandiswa pakuvhotera pamikana yapamutemo yokusarudza kuti itendere kuti itsika yaifanira kuva yapa stace stance, mitengidzo yeVRA inodzivirira kuvhotera kuvhotera kupfurikidza nokuvhotera. Rongedzero reNational Restation Acts anozivikanwa zvikuru seMagen Post Coult, anoraira mahofisi okunyorerwa, mahofisi anobvumira anodzo avose, anovhurwa mugwagwagwa ra2004.

Mitemo yehurumende inogovera gadziriro ine udzame hwokushanda nokuda kwesarudzo pakati penhambo. Hurumende imwe neimwe ine bumbiro rayo rinodzora chinhu chiri chose kubva pakunzverwa kwamaawa inoramba iri pachena kusvikira kupurani chaiyo yerongedzero. Iri sangano rehurumende rinoreva kuti kutungamirira kwesarudzo muUnited States kwakakodzera zvikuru, nemitemo yesarudzo yakaparadzana inopfuura 10 000 inoshanda mumitemo yavo vamene. Muuyo ibasa rezvinodikanwa zvapamutemo zvinogona kuparira nyongano yavavhoti vanotama pakati pemitezo uye nokuda kwavadaviri vanofanira kuronga kuronga nguva dzakasiana, zvinodikanwa zvokubatanidza chinjo, uye zvirongwa zvemichina zvokushuma zvirongwa zvemari.

Kunyoresa Nokuzvinyoresa: Kurambidza Kunyoresa

Sarudzo dzepakati penhambo nenhambo dzinotsamira pazvinodikanwa zvitatu zvikuru: zera, kuva mugari wemo, uye kugara. Amakumi maviri neSixth Amendment inovimbisa maruramiro okuvhota vagari vemo vane makore gumi namasere navakuru. Zvinodikanwa zvougarisa zvinosiana nokuda kwemwero yakasiana-kwakasiyana yesarudzo: zvisati zviri vagari vezvizvarwa, kubatanidza vagari venguva yechigarire, havabvumirwi kuvhota muvhoti dzehurumende, kunyange zvazvo vamwe vagari vemo vanobvumira kuvhota pasina muganhu mumakwikwikwi. Kudzora kwavagari vemo kunovambira pamazuva gumi kusvikira kumakumi matatu mukati menyika, namaruwa mazhinjisa anoda kuvhotera kugarwa kupfurikidza nokugara nomusi wakati wakati usati wava zuva rokuvhotera.

Mitemo yokunyoresa yeVoter inogovera mumwe wemisiano mikuru yapamutemo inocherekedzwa zvikurusa munyika dzose. Kusvikira muna 2024, makumi maviri ne2 enyika dzeColumbia zvakatanga kunyoresa kwokuzvidira kwevavhota, uko vagari vemo vakakodzera vanonyoreswa kuvhota apo vanoshanda namasangano ehurumende kutoti vasarudza. Iyi misi inopa miuyo chaiyoiyo yevhoti paIndaneti, nepo mimwe ichiri inoda zvimiro zvepepa zvinopiwa mumunhu kana kuti netsamba. Kunyoresa nguva kubva pakunyoresa zuva reEcostation Day munyika makumi maviri neD.C. Kupfiga kunyoresa kunosvika mazuva makumi matatu pamberi pokuvhota. Iyi migumisiro inoparira migumisiro chaiyo yokutora vhota, nokunzvera kunoratidza nguva dzose kuti nemiitiro yakabudirira zvikuru inotenderwa yakakwirira zvikuru.

Mitemo inozivisa inomirira imwe nharaunda yegakava rakakomba rapamutemo. Mukuwirirana neNational Conference of State Legislatures, sapanosvika 2024, nyika dzine mitemo ine mitemo inokumbira kana kuti inoda vavhoti kuratidza chimiro chakati chokuzivisa panzvero. Paidzi, hurumende pfumbamwe dzinoda kuzivikanwa, nepo nyika dzine gumi nembiri dzinogamuchira kusazivikanwa sezvikamu zvemitemo zvepamutemo kana kuti mashoko ebhangi. Rumanomano emitemo iyi anosiyana zvikuru, nedzimwe nyika dzichipa makadhi evhotasi apachena uye zvimwe zvinodikanwa zvinokwidziridza izvo vatsoropodzi vanopomera nokukurumidza kuva vashomanene, vakwegura, uye vanowana vakaderera. Zvinetso zvapamutemo zvinotsiva kuvhotera mitemo yekodzero dzekodzero dzevori uye mapepa echinyakare, kusimbisa kuti mitemo yacho inoisa mutoro chisingakodzerwi mururamisi yorumano.

Voter anogadzirawo mibvunzo inokosha yepamutemo. National Voter Brivision Act inoda kuti zviitwe nhamburiko dzine mufungo dzokubvisa vavhoti vakafa kana kuti vatama, asi inorambidza kubviswa kwakarongwa mukati mamazuva makumi mapfumbamwe eSarudzo yehurumende. Dzimwe nyika dzakagamuchira gadziriro dzokutarisira dzinodenha dzakadenhwa nokuda kwezvakaipa uye nokuda kwokuvhota vakakodzera. Legion Defence Fund namamwe masangano ekodzero dzavagari vemo akanyora zviitiko umo vavhoti vaibviswa zvisina kururama mumifungo yakavakirwa pamirayiridzo ine zvikanganiso kana kuti kusava nekero.

Kuumbwa Kwepamutemo Kweutungamiriri Hwezvirongwa

Mitemo yokuronga inodzora mitemo inoshanda yemaitirwe esarudzo pakati penguva. Iyi mitemo inofukidza nzira dzokuvhota nadzo, magadzirirwo okuvhota, kuvhota kwapakuvamba, kuvhota, kuvhota, kuvhota, uye miitiro yokuverenga. Help America Vote Act ya2002 inogadza zvinodikanwa zvegadziriro dzokuvhota zvinobvumira vavhoti kuongorora zvavanosarudza uye kururamisa zvikanganiso, uyewo zvinodiwa zvemichina yokuvhota vanhu vane urema. Hurumende dzine chisarudzo chikuru mukushandisa zvinodiwa izvi, zvichitungamirira kukusiyana kwemichina yokuvhotera uye miitiro.

Mitemo yokuvhota yapakuvamba yakawedzera zvinoshamisa mumakumi amakore achangobva kupfuura. Maererano neNational Conference of State Legislatures, nyika makumi mana nenhatu dzinopa chimiro chakati chokuvhota kwapakuvamba munhamba yenzvimbo dzokuvhotera seya2024, nenhambo inovambira pamazuva mashomanene kusvikira kumavhiki anoverengeka pamberi poMusi wokusarudza. Mitengo inosianawo mukuti dzinoda pembedzo yokuvhota nokukurumidza uye munzvimbo dzinowanika nokuda kwokuvhota kwapakuvamba. Magakava epamutemo kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji pamusoro penhamba nenzvimbo dzokuvhotera, nokutaura kuti kuderera ikoko munzvimbo kana kuti maawa kunotapura nzanga shomanene mukuputswa kweChibvumirano chekodzero.

Kuvhota kwazova nzvimbo inokakavadzana zvikuru yomutemo wesarudzo pashure pekuvhota 2020. Nyika dzose zvino dzinopa chimiro chakati chokusavapo kana kuti kuvhota, asi mitemo inosiana zvikuru. Mitengo mishanu inoita sarudzo zvikurukuru nepositi, inozvitumira yoga vavhoti vose vakanyoreswa. Dzimwe nyika dzinoda kuvhotera kukumbira vasarudzo vasipo, nedzimwe dzinoda pembedzo dzakadai sokusavapo pabumbiro reEcommendi yeIvolution Day kana kuti mugariro wezvokurapa. Ballot inodzosai misiro, kusaina zvinodikanwa zvechokwadi, uye kurapa miitiro inoisa kusaina kusaina kusaina mabhineti neall zvinosiana zvikuru uye zvave zviri zvipfumidzwa zvezvisarudzo zvakakura.

Mitemo yokushambadzira nzvimbo inodzorwa nemirau yenyika ine udzame. Mitemo inoratidzira maawa okuvhota, nehurumende zhinjisa dzinoda kuti zvivhota zvive zvakazaruka kuvambira mangwanani kusvikira madekwana, kunyange zvazvo maawa akasiana kubva pa 6:00 a.m. kusvikira ku 9:00 p.m. mune dzimwe nyika kusvikira ku 7:00. kusvikira ku 7:00.m. Mitemo yehurumende inodzorawo nhamba yemichina yokuvhota kana kuti mapotobha inodikanwa pamunhu akanyorwa, kuiswa kwesaini munzvimbo dzokuvhotera, uye mufambiro wevasarudzo. Hel American Vote Act inoda nzvimbo imwe neimwe yokuvhotera pamuchina mumwe chete unosvikwa nokuremara, uye mitemo inozivisazve kubuda nokuda kwokuvhara, madhoro, masitendi epoti, uye mavhovhoti.

Kuverenga nokunyora machira zvinodzorwa nomutemo wehurumende, nokusiyana kukuru mukukurumidza kugadzirwa kwemarobhoti uye apo miuyo inopupurirwa. Dzimwe nyika dzinobvumira kugadzirwa kwebhorati kutanga pamberi poMusi weSarudzo, apo dzimwe dzinomira kusvikira mavhota ava pedyo. Mitemo inosianawo, nemifananidzo inovanzwa nemifananidzo inoitika yoga inotangwa nemicheto iri pedyo zvikuru mune dzimwe nyika uye vanoda kukumbira nokubhadhara nokuda kwokurondedzera mudzimwe. Muitiro wechibvumirano unobatanidza vakuru vakuru vesarudzo dzomunzvimbomo vanodzosa, uchiteverwa nemitemo inowirirana yazova nhambo yenhau dzemitemo yazova nhau yehondo dzapamutemo mumavhotaro achangobva kupfuura.

Kusarudza Kunoita Kuti Pave Nekumira Kwepamutemo Pakati Pezvisarudzo

Nyaya dzakawanda dzemitemo dzinobuda nguva dzose sedzinochinja mamiriro okusarudza pakati penguva.Nzvimbo idzi dzegakava dzinowanzotungamirira kujekeswa kusati kwaitwa chisarudzo, kurayira kwedare rekurumidziro, uye zvinetso zvinoumba nzvimbo inosarudzwa pashure pekusarudzwa.

Kudzvinyirirwa Nokuwana Nemagetsi

Kutaura kwokudzvinyirira vavhoti kunomuka apo mitemo kana kuti miitiro zvinonzi zvinoita kuti kuvhota kuve kwakaoma zvikuru nokuda kwamapoka akati. Vanosarudza vanowanzobatanidza mitemo yezvisarudzo yemavhoti yorumano, kuderedzwa mumazuva okuvhota apakuvamba, kuvharwa kwenzvimbo dzinovhota, ganhuriro dzekunyoresa, uye kubviswa kwevhoti. Brennan Center nokuda kwemitemo yeSahlulero muiyi nzvimbo uye yakatsinhanhanhanhamisa mazana emitemo inodenha mitemo inodenha yevhotabheti inopesana neVogation Actal kana kuti Bumbiro remitemo. Dare rakabudisa mitemo inorwisana pazvinetso zvizhinji izvi, rinoratidzira kuganhurana kukuru kwezvisarudzo zvapamutemo pamusoro pekuvhotera kwapamutemo pakati pevhoterano naausmismisvhoti.

Gerrymandering uye Ruwa

Sarudzo dzeMidters dzinoitwa kupfurikidza nemiganhu yoruwa yakaitwa mugadziriro yokuyera mativi ose anotevera kuverengwa kwavanhu kwamakore. Gerrymandering ject yemitsetse yoruwa kubetsera mumwe mubato kana kuti boka() yave iri dare rapamutemo rinopfuurira. Dare Gurusa ramadaro kuti Dare rinodzora kuti muganhu Wekudzivirira Nokana naVatongi Vamaruramiro zvakaputsanya mepu dzakawanda dzemitezo nehurumende dzemitemo nokuda kwokubatanidza kana kuti kuputsa nzanga shomanene. Zvisinei, mu Rico. Chisarudzo chamarudzi ose [FLT:] (20)] (20), Dare guru renhau rakarangarira kuti gerryman ataura kuti mubvunzo wapanguva ino unosarira kupfurikidza nematare ehurumende, zvinobudirira kuiswa zvisarudzo zvemiteko nokuda kwemite yemite yenhau ino.

Kuchengeteka Kwemabharakiti Nokuperera

Chengeteko yeBallot yazova nhau yapamutemo yakasiana zvikuru. Mutemo weFederal unorambidza kutyisidzira vavhoti nokubiridzira vavhoti, nezvirango zvinosanganisira faindi nokuiswa mutorongo. Mitemo yehurumende inokurukura itiro chaidzo dzounyengeri dzakadai sokucheka kwebhorati (panopo mapoka echitatu anounganidza ndokupa nyika dzinoramba kusiiwa dzinorambidza muitiro wacho uye dzimwe dzinoubvumira neganhuriro. Mitemo yokusainira yemitemo yekotsekanyo yetsamba yakakaturwa zvikuru, nematare anodzika mipimo yefariro yehurumende mukudzivisa kuvhotera maruramiro evota. U. Dare rePronsect inogovera nhungamiro dzechengeteko, asi kugadzirirwa kwakasiana-mhizha.

Matambudziko Epamutemo Nemakakatanwa

Sarudzo dzemisi isati yaitwa dzinomutsa denho dzapamutemo nguva dzose dzinogona kutapura muuyo. Kuvhota kwapamberi pechisarudzo kazhinji kazhinji kunodenha zvinodikanwa zvokupinda, kunyoresa kwapamberi pezvisarudzo, uye pamutemo zvezvirongwa zvinokarakadzwa. Kufamba kwenhambo dzenguva dzose kunochengetwa mazuva kana kuti maawa pamberi pesarudzo kusati kwakumbira matare kutambanudza maawa okuvhota, kuzarura dzimwe nzvimbo dzokuvhotera, kana kuti gadziridza misi yokunyoresa. Mutemo unogovera denho dzekuverenga kwokuverenga, zvisarudzo, uye miuyo yemitemo yemitemo yemitemo yezvisarudzo inodenha miuyo inoraira, inoda kuti vasarutsiri vasarudzo vasaidze kusava bedzi vasingangochinjiki asi kuti vatapukurudzi. Gara rePreta reSangano reSarudzo rinogovera migadziko yeMitengo yeSarudzo yeSarudzo yeSarudzo yeMiteko yaMatemedzero yaMatemedzero yaMatemendi.

Basa Rematare Mumutemo Wokusarudza Wapakati

Matare anoita basa rinokosha mukududzira nokuisa mitemo yesarudzo mukati memadenderedzwa. Matare eFederal anogara achinzwa nhau dzinodenha mitemo yevhoti pasi peBumbiro reMitemo nemirau yehurumende, nepo matare ehurumende achidudzira marusarudzo ehurumende negadziriro dzebumbiro remitemo. Mupimo wokuhwirudzura unoshandiswa nematare unosiyana zvichitsamira parudzi rwezvakarurama. Mitemo inoremedza kodzero dzinokosha dzokuvhota inofanira kuongororwa zvakasimba, ichida kuti mitemo yacho iratidze kuti yakanyatsogadzirirwa kuti ishande mufariro wehurumende. Mitemo inoisa mitoro mishoma yemitemo inorema mirevo inoyera mumuedzo pamusoro pezvishuvo zvinobatanidzwa nehurumende yataura kuti ishanduko.

Dzidziso yemitemo inoverengeka inoumba nzira iyo matare anosarudza anosvika nayo nhau. Purcell, yakapiwa zita pashure penhau yeDare Rapamusorosoro ra2006, inopa zano matare pamusoro pemitemo inochinja mirau yesarudzo iri pedyo zvikuru nokudzorwa kuti idzivise kuvhiringidzwa nokudzongonyedzwa. Matare eFederal anoshandisawo nheyo dzehurumende uye kuwirirana, kazhinji kazhinji achinongedzera kuchisarudzo chehurumende kutoti achiputsa mutemo wehurumende. Zvinoda kumira kumipinyiso inokosha pakusarudza, kuchida kuti vasarutsi varatidze kuvadziko yakakotseka uye kunenge kwakananga kunofungidzirwa kupfurikidza nechiito chedare. Voters neadvocys vanofanira kuratidzira kuti zvakashorwa kana kuti zvakakuvadzwa zvakananga nokukwirira pamusoro pezviito zvokusarudza.

Rusununguko rwokuda kutsiva imhinduro inozivikanwa navose murusarudzo. Matare angapa mirayiridzo yechinguvana inodzivisa kana kuti mirairo yokutanga kumisa kuchengetwa kwemitemo inodenhwa inomirira kutongwa kwakazara. Zvisinei, matare kazhinji kazhinji anozengurira kupa rusununguko rwakadaro nemhaka yengozi yokudzongonyedza kutarisirwa kwesarudzo. Apo matare anopindira, angada kuti nyika dzipe mikana yokuvhotazve, kugadziridza miitiro yokunyoresa, kana kuti kuchinja zvirongwa zvokuvhota. Munhau dzakanyanyisa, matare akarayira zvirongwa zvokuvhotatemwa kana kuti misi yokusarudza yakagadziridzwa kuti agadziridze kugadzirisa kuputsa kwapamutemo.

Kuwedzera Kwetsika Dzomutemo Nekuchinja Zvinhu

Mamiriro ezvinhu epamutemo esarudzo pakati penhambo anopfuurira kushanduka - shanduka sezvo nyika dzinogadza mitemo mitsva nematare zvinopa mienzaniso mitsva.

Kunyoresa kwemajeta kwakazvimirira uye kunyoresa kwezuva rimwe chetero

Kunyoresa kwokuzvidira kwomuvhoti kwakagamuchirwa nedzinopfuura nyika makumi maviri uye kunopfuurira kuwedzerwa. Masangano eAVR anonyoresa nokuzvidira vagari vemo vakakodzera apo anobatira pamwe namasangano ehurumende kutoti adzikira, zvino kuwedzera mwero yokunyoresa nokuvandudza kururama kweminyorero yevhoti. Kunyoresa kwezuva rimwe chetero, zvino kunowanika munyika dzinopfuura makumi maviri, kunobvumira vagari vemo vakakodzera kunyoresa nokuvhota pazuva rimwe chetero, kubvisa muganhu wokunyoresa. Kunzvera kunoratidzira kuti kuchinja uku kunowedzera pasina kubvumiranisa mberi chengeteko.

Mabasa Okuzvimirira Okuderedza

Mumhinduro kuitiro hanya dzinodzosera ndangariro kurumano. Masangano anoverengeka akatanga masangano okuzvimirira okunyora maruwa ehurumende nehurumende. Masangano aya anosiana muurongwa, nemamwe anoumbwa chose chose navasiri vapurisa uye vamwe kubatanidza vakagadzwa vezvamatongerwe enyika vane rwisano yakakomba yemiitiro. Brennan Center ye Justice yakatsvaka kushanda kweaya maruwa uye akawana kuti kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji anobudisa maruwa anokwikwikwidza zvikuru uye anoderedza rusaruro. Zvinetso zvemitemo zvinopfuurira pamusoro pekuumbwa nechiremera zveidzidziri, nenhau dzinosvika matare makurusa enyika.

Kuzivisa Kudzorerwa Kwekodzero Dzevanhu Vaichimbova Vasina Kunaka

Mitemo inodzora kodzero dzokuvhota nokuda kwavanhu vane zvitendero zvinotenderwa inosiana zvikuru mumativi ose. Maererano neACLU, sango ra2024, nyika mbiri dzinoramba zvechigarire vanhu vose vane zvitendero zvinopesana, nepo vamwe vachidzorera kodzero dzokuvhota pasina muganhu pashure pokunge vapedza mutongo, uye dzimwe dzinoda kukumbirwa kugadziridza. Kuchinja kwechigumi nezvishanu nemakumi maviri nemakumi maviri kunodzivirira pakusarura ganda, uye vatsigiri vakapomera kuti kubvisa kuvhotera kweganda nemitemo inopesana nemitemo yedzinza inopesana nemitemo inopesana neiyi dziviriro. Zvikamu zvinoverengeka zvakachinja mitemo yazvo mumakore achangobva kupfuura, zvinowedzera kuwanikwa kwevanhu vakambosungwa.

Chengeteko Yechisarudzo Noruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu

Mitemo yekusarudza yokudzivirira yakawedzera kutevedzerwa nokutyira kudzongonyedzwa kwedzimwe nyika. Ecommution Applice Commission inogovera mirayiridzo yegadziriro yokuvhota yokuzvidira, uye hurumende dzakagadza mitemo inoda kuchengetedzwa kwepepa, kuongororwa kwapashure pekusarudzwa, uye kuongororwa kwengozi kunoongorora migumisiro yokuvhota. Kugadzirwa kwemichina yokuvhota kunoramba kuchienderera mberi, nedzimwe nyika dzichiva nemitemo inobvumira kuti pave nemitemo yokuvhotera. Mibvunzo yemitemo inomuka pamusoro pemichina yokuvhota uye mipimo yemitengo yezvo yokutungamirira mitengo, nokuongorora mitengo inoenderera mberi pamusoro pezvitengo zvokuchengeteka.

mhedziso

Gadziriro yapamutemo yesarudzo yapakati penhambo inobatanidza mutumbi mukuru womutemo wehurumende nehurumende unodzora rutivi rwuri rwose rwegadziriro yevhotai. Kubva pakunyoresa nokusagona kuumba nokuverenga magadzirirwe emitemo, chimiro chemitemo inotora, maitiro anoshanda, kuti matare anoshanda sei, uye kana kusarudzo ichiguma nokunzverwa kwapamutemo. Rusarudzo rweAmerica runowirirana napamutemo runoreva kuti mutemo weSarudzo pakati penguva yokuvhota uri kuramba uchichinja kupfurikidza nomutemo wehurumende, kugadzira mitemo yehurumende, uye kududzira kwokutonga. Voter, vatengi, uye varapi vemitemo vanofanira kuramba vachiziva pamusoro pemitemo yavo yakananga kuti vadzore nenzira inoshanda zvakanaka. Sezvicho zvinetso zvapamutemo zvinoramba zvichiedza miganhuro yokuvhotera, kuvhotera, uye kuita maruwa, matare acharamba ari pakati penhau yehurumende inotonga. Kunzwisisa zviri pamutemo hakungori kutokoshatsa kupfuuresa pamutemo.