Zvigadzirwa Zvemvura Zvinogadzirwa Nemvura Yakangwara uye Kuoma Kwazvo Kwomutemo

Mvura itsva iri kuva imwe yezviwanikwa zvinodzvinyirirwa zvikuru papasi. Kukura kwemitemo, kukura kwechiverengero chavagari vemo, uye kusanaya kwemvura kuri kusunda gadziriro dzenguva dzose dzokuparadzira mvura kumiganhu yavo. Mukupindura, chiverengero chinokura chamaguta nezvinoshandiswa zviri kutendeukira ku mvura inotanga kugadzirwa nounyanzvi husingadzoreki[. [8] Mitemo yakavhesi yemichina yemichina inonzvera, inonzvera, uye inodzora mibatanidzwa yemvura munguva chaiyoiyo. Iyi zvipikirwa zvokuderedza kurasikirwa nemvura, kuvandudza kuvimbika kwebasa, uye kugonesakisa kushandisa kwayo kusingadzoreki zvakanaka simba resimba resimba remitemo, kugadziridza kuchengeteka, kutsigira mari, kunyora pasi, uye kuisa mativi akarongwa. Nyaya ino ino inonzvera mamiriro emvura, mamiriro ezvinhu enguva yemberi, uye kugadziridza kugadzirwa nokutungamirira mvura munguva yemberi.

Zvirwere Zvemvura Zvinogadzirwa Nemvura Zvinogona Kuzivikanwa Nevanhu Zvipi?

Groupu yemvura yakangwara igadziriro yakabatana yemikoto yemikoto, mibatanidzwa yekurukurirano, mashoko ezvikamu, uye zvishandiso zvokudzora zvinoshanda pamwe chete kuti zvidzore kuparadzirwa kwemvura noururami husati hwamboitika. Yakasiyana nemichina yemvura inotsamira pakurava kwamaoko nemugadziridzo, mitsetse yakangwara inogovera ungwaru hunoramba huchioneka mukushanda kwesocinete yose. Inobvumira giramu kuti ione kubuda kwemvura mumaminiti panzvimbo pemwedzi, inoita kuti zvirongwa zvemvura zvive zvakavakirwa pakudiwa chaikwo kwenguva chaiyo, uye inofanotaura kukundikana kwezvishandiso zvisati zvakanganisa basa.

Pfungwa yacho inovakirwa paIndaneti imwe cheteyo yezvinhu (IoT) nenheyo dzemaidi dzinotsigira magirazi akachenjera emagetsi, asi dzinoshanda kumavara omuviri neebasa enzvimbo dzemvura. Mugumisiro igadziriro inogona kuchinja nokuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu, kuchengetedza mvura, kuderedza mari yokushandisa, uye kuvandudza basa romutengi.

Zvikamu Zvikuru zveGridhi Yemvura Yakanaka

Vanzwi Nezvirongwa Zvemipimo

Mifungo yapamberi penzvimbo dzinoshandiswa kuvhura maziso nenzeve dzetumitswe. Izvi zvinobatanidza tsinga dzomweya , mita youkuru , [[[FLT]] asspect reauc reficiation [[[FLT:], [[FLT]], uye [[FLT] ukomba hwemvura [FLT] (inoisa mira miravhi yakadai seH, turbit, redial, and tetting). Mamita akagadzirwa panzvimbo dzinotengwa dzinogovera mashoko akakwirira ezvipopo kuti dzishandiswe nokuda kuzivisa, kuvhuradza parutivi rwechitejiro, uye nguva yeburumbiso.

Zvikamu Zvekurukurirano Nemashoko

Manzwi nemita zvinotumira mashoko kupfurikidza necellular, LoRaWAN, kana kuti mikoto yeredhiyo yakatsaurirwa kunzvimbo dzepakati dzezviteshi zvemibato. Kudzorwa chaikoiko kwenguva, kurukurirano yakaderera iri madikanwa. Mibatanidzwa yemari iri kuwedzera kuiswa LTE yakavanzika kana kuti mibatanidzwa 5G kutsigira zvinodikanwa zvakaenzana uye kuvimbika zvezviuru zvenzvimbo.

Kuongorora Mashoko Nouchenjeri Hwokugadzira

Misinzo yakabva kumifungo ingava inokurira pasina purogiramu yekombiyuta yakaoma kunzwisisa kuti ishandurwe. Mitemo yemichina inoshandisa maalgoritimes okudzidza kuzivisa mitoo inoratidzira kudzungaira, kuputika, kana kuti zvinoitika. Inogadzirawo mifananidzo inovhura nokuda kwezvinodikanwa zvemvura, inoita kuti igone kudzora nokupomba. Mitemo yapastora nguva inokwanisa kugadzira zvinhu zvinoshandiswa. Mitemo yapastora nguva inogona kutevedzerawo “ zviitiko, zvakadai seburiso rekupukuputsika kwemhepo inodzoka pamitezo yomurwizi kana kuti mutezo wemvura pamwero wematsime emvura.

Masangano Okudzora Anongoshanda Nechoto

Mitsetse inoita kuti zvisarudze kuvhara pakati pecherekedzo nechiito. Vavara dzinoshanda dzoga, pombi, uye zviteshi zvinodzoresa mhepo zvinogona kugadziridzwa kubva pakati pemiteve kana kuti kupfurikidza nemirau yakarongwa. Somuenzaniso, kana systum ikaziva kuderera kwesimba kunokarakadza kubuda, gadziriro inogona kukwanisa kubvisa mativi akatapurwa nepo paine mvura ichiri kuiswazve mudzimwe nzira.

Betsero Dzemvura Dzine Ngwavaira

Kugadzirwa Kwemvura Isina Kukura

Mupasi rose, ruzivo rwokunzvera runofungidzirwa 30% kusvikira ku 50% yemvura yakarapwa inorasika isati yasvika vatengi — rwakawanda rwayo kupfurikidza nokudzudza mupombi dzinokwegura. Unyanzvi hwokuwana kubvisa kushaika kunogona kuderedza uku kurasikirwa ne 20% kusvikira ku 40% mugore rokutanga rokushandiswa, mukuwirirana nenzvero dze Stmart Waters Forum[FFFLT][FF:3].

Kushanda Nesimba

Kuparadzirwa kwemvura kunowedzera simba, kunowana 4% yesero yemagetsi anoshandiswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Kupfurikidza nokuderedza kushanda kwepombi nokuderedza kudikanwa kwokurapa nokurasika kwemvura, magirazi akangwara anogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba ne 15% kusvika ku30%. Ikoku kune betsero dzemari nemhoteredzo chaidzo, zvikurukuru apo magetsi anogadzirwa kubva muzvinocherwa mumaatomu.

Mvura Yakavandudzwa

Kuongororwa kunopfuurira kwemipimo yorunako rwemvura panzvimbo dzakawanda musocial kunobvumira mishonga yokudzivirira kucherekedza zvinoitika zvinoshatisa nokukurumidza. Muchinoitika chekurasika kwamakemikoro kana kuti budiriro yezvinhu zvipenyu, vashambadzi vanogona kubudisa mvura yemocharangeriswa ne#8220;boil mvura ” maadvisori pane nyevero dzakavhara, kuchengeta chivimbo chavose apo vanenge vachidzivirira utano.

Kubatanidzwa Kwemapurazi Anowedzerwa

Mamita akangwara anopa simba vatengi vane mashoko avanogona kushandisa emvura. Nzvero dzinoratidza kuti mhuri dzinogamuchira mashoko anowanzooneka dzinoderedza kushandiswa kwadzo neavhareji ye10% kusvika ku15%. Utachiona hunogonawo kushandisa zvirongwa zvine mitsetse kana kuti zvemagetsi zvinopa mubayiro kuchengetedza, zvichiita kuti vatengi vashande pamwe chete mukutarisira mvura.

Zvinetso Zvemitemo Nemikana

Kunyange zvazvo mamiriro ezvinhu okugadzira mvura yakanyatsosimba, kuashandisa haisi nyaya yokungogadzira zvinhu chete, asi inoda kuti pave nemamiriro ezvinhu anotsigira anobatsira anobatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko anoverengeka.

Kuva Wega Kwemashoko uye Kuchengeteka

Mitsetse yemvura inoshanda inoita mitauro mizhinji, kubatanidza mipimo inoshandiswa inogona kuzivisa miitiro yemhuri (mutomo, vanhu varipo, vagari vazhinji). Iyi mashoko anokosha nokuda kwemibato inoshanda asi anoparirawo ngozi dzakavanzika. Vagadziri vemitemo vanofanira kutanga mitemo yakajeka [ [[FLT]1]] pamusoro pohuname hwemazita, bvumira, uye shandiro dzinobvumirwa. U.S.Chenget Les Protectionmental Agement Agency[[ yabudisa nhungamiro pamusoro pekuchengeteka mvura, asi vazhinji vanotaura kuti hakuna mitemo yakananga kukushandiswa kwemvura. Chirongwa chenyika chinochinjika chingabetsera vatengidzira apo vanobvumira vatengidzira mari yemite yematenzi nokuda kwemanyuko.

Kushanda kwemitengo yemvura rutivi rwenyika inonzi ’, uye kurwisa kwekombiyuta kunobudirira kungavhiringidza kugoverwa kana kuti kukanganisa kunaka kwemvura. Vagadziri vemitemo vanofanira kurayira mipimo mishomanene yechengeteko nokuda kwezvikamu zvemagirazi zvakaisvonaka, vanoda kunzvera kwenguva dzose, uye vanopa zvinhu zvokushandisa zviduku zvingasava nedziviriro yakazvitsaurira.

Mabasa Okuronga uye Mitemo

Mitemo yemvura iripo yakatangwa nokuda kwenhambo yapamberi pemitemo. Inowanzonyora nguva chaidzo dzokuedza, zvinyorwa, uye miitiro yokushanda iyo inoshandisa miunganidzwa yemibatanidzwa yemirayiridzo yemibatanidzwa yemashandiro ebasa nenzvero dzenhambo nenhambo. Kugadzikisa magirati emirayiridzo emvura akachenjera, vadzori vanofanira kuvandudza mitemo iyi kuti vazive kuti kuongorora kunoramba kwakaenzana kana kuti kuri nani kupfuura kuenzanisa kwamagamuchidzanwa. Somuenzaniso, American Water Works Association yave ichishanda pamipimo nokuda kwokutsinhanhamisa mita yemite yemite yemitezo yemichina yemichina yemichina yemichina yemichina yemakombiyuta, asi kugamuchirwa kwemitevero.

Kushanda pamwe chete kunowanzoita kuti vatengesi vakasiyana - siyana vazive zvinhu uye vatengesi vachishandisa mapurogiramu ekombiyuta, uye pasina makombiyuta anozivikanwa, kudyidzana kwemashoko kunodhura uye kunoderera. Hurumende dzinogona kukurumidza kurera vana nokuda kuti zvirongwa zvakavhurika uye zvishandiso zvishandiswe zvive zvibvumirano zvokuwana mari, sezvadzakaita nokuda kwemamita emagetsi akangwara munzvimbo dzakawanda.

Mari Nezvitsigiri

Kubvisa mvura inotsvedza inoda mari inotengwa. Vagadziri vemibatanidzwa yekurukurirano, gadziriro dzokudzora, uye zvikuva zvinodzorwa zvinogona kudyira makumi amamirioni amadhora nokuda kweguta rapakati. Majekiseni mazhinji, zvikurukuru ayo anobatira nzanga dzinowana mari shoma, anotamburira kubhadhara mabasa akadaro kubva pamubhadharo wemari yemari yemari. Vagadziri vemitengo vane maturusi anoverengeka okuvhara mukaha:

  • uye hurumende inopa zvirongwa: Hurumende yeNyutsi yeU.S. Revoking Fund, somuenzaniso, inogona kushandiswa nokuda kwegadziriro dzinovandudza budiriro dzinovandudza kushanda zvakanaka. Dzimwe nyika dzakagadzira mvura yakazvitsaurira yakaisvonaka inopa ruyamuro serutivi rwezviito zvokushivira mamiriro okunze.
  • Kubatana kwepachivande (PPP): Utachiona hunogona kubatana namafemu ehurumende ayo mari, kuisa, uye kushandisa gadziriro dzemitsetse yakachenjera mukutsinhana nokuda kwegoverano yemari inobva mukurasikirwa nemvura kwakaderedzwa.
  • Murairo wakavakirwa pa-pareji: Panzvimbo pemurayiro wegamuchidzanwa wedrest-service, zvinodzivirira zvinogona kubvumirwa kuchengeta chikamu chemari inochengetwa inogadzirwa nemari inogadzirwa nemari yemari yakaisvonaka, kuchitanga sundo ine simba yokugamuchira unyanzvi hutsva.
  • Zvisungo zvemaruva nemari dzemamiriro okunze: Zvirongwa zvokuchengetedza mvura nemigumisiro inoisvokodzera zvinokwezva zvikuru kutapura vabetseri vemari nemisika yezvisungo zvegirini.

Kusarurana Nokukamuraniswa Kwemadhigirii

Misha yepasi inogamuchirwa nevanowana mari yakawanda haingoerekani yasvika kunzanga dzose. Miganhu yezviwanikwa zviduku nenzvimbo dzomumaruwa inowanzova nezvivako zvakare, mitaro mishoma yokugona kunyora nokunyora nokunyora. Pasina kupindira kwemaune, kurongwa kwemagirazi akangwara kungakanganisa nzanga dziripo, zvichisiya nzanga dzisina mari yakawanda uye dzisingavimbiki nebasa.

Vagadziri vemitemo vanofanira kuda zvinoshanda kuti vabatanidze kunzvera kubatana kwemibatanidzwa yemifungo yavo yakangwara. Somuenzaniso, mitemo ingarayira kuti chikamu chakati muzana chemita yakaisvonaka chive chinhu chinoiswa panzvimbo dzinochengetwa, kana kuti kuti purogiramu dzokushandisa mari dzinopa nzvimbo yokutanga kumabasa anobatira vanhu vasina dziviriro. Kuvimbisana kwenzanga kunokoshawo: vagari vanofanira kuziviswa pamusoro pebetsero netapuro dzinobvira, uye kuisa kwavo kunofanira kuumba nguva nezvivako zvokuvaka.

Zvirongwa zvokugona kunyora nokunyora zvinogona kubatsira vatengi kutsanangura mashoko anoshandiswa uye kushandisa zvirongwa zvokuchengetedza. Zvinhu zvinogona kushanda pamwe chete nemaraibhurari, nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa vanhu, uye zvikoro kuti zvipe mashopu uye zviwanikwa paIndaneti. Kuwanika kwemvura yakanaka hakungovi chinhu chinodiwa chete asi kunobatsirawo kudarika kwe̬ kurera mwana kunobva mumugwagwa kunoparadzira mari yakaiswa uye kuderedza tsvina yegadziriro yezvinhu munyika yose zvinobudirira zvikuru.

Kuongorora Kuoma Kwemvura Yakatsvuka

Singapore ’ Inemanyuko Emvura Akanaka

Singapore ̱ rinoita kuti mvura ipinde munguva chaiyo. Muitiro unobatanidza [[FLT: 0] mativi endangariro anopfuura 7 000 akaiswa mumichina, kutenderera, kufefetera, uye kunaka kwemvura. Mutengo unodiridzwa mumichina inofananidzwa nesocial network yose uye inodeya kukundikana. Somuuyo, Singapore yakaderedza mwero wayo usiri wemvura kusvika pasi pe 10% &812; kwoukuru hwepasi penyika. Muitiro unotsigirawo nyika ̱ kutarisirwa kwemvura, uko kunobatanidza kudzokororwa kwemvura, kubatanidzwa, kubatanidzwa kwemvura.

Barcelona ̱ Kupinda Muguta Kunochenjera

Chebharcelona yakabatanidza mvura yayo kuva nzvimbo yakaisvonaka yeguta, ichibatanidza mashoko anobva kumvura, simba, uye gadziriro dzezvifambiso. Vachemi vemipaka yavose vanogadziridza zvamazvirokwazvo kudiridza kwakavakirwa paunyoro hwevhu nokudeya kutaurwa kwemamiriro okunze, vachichengeta 25% yemvura inoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakasvibira. Guta racho rinoshandisawo mamita akachenjera muzvivako zvemhuri dzakawanda kuti vanzwe kuvhura nokubetsera vagadziri vezvivakishina zvokuvaka vanoderedza tsvina. Barcelona ̱ ruzivo runoratidza kuti masynergies anogona kuwanikwa apo mashoko emvura anogoverwa nemamwe madhipatime enyika, kunyange zvazvo richisimbisawo kudikanwa kwemirayiridzo yakasimba yemibato kuti idzivise kushandiswa zvisina kufanira.

Pittsburgh ̱ Leak Pilot Onfictorion

Pittsburgh Water and Sewer Authority (PWSA) yakagadzira chirongwa chendege chichishandisa mifungo yenzwi neai ai netruction kuti ione kudzura mupombi dzayo dzokukwegura. Mumwedzi mitanhatu yokutanga, gadziriro yakawana kubuda kwemari inopfuudza 30 yakanga isati yambobatwa, mamwe acho akanga achirasikirwa na50 pamarita paminiti. Chirongwa chacho chaizvibhadharira chimene mukati megore rimwe kupfurikidza nokuchengeta mvura uye chisati chadziviswa mutengo wokugadzira. PWSA zvino ruzivo rwokugadzirwa narwo zvino ava kukwira mugadziriro yose, ruchishandisa mubatanidzwa wemipiro yemari yehurumende yakaderera zvikuru uye zvikwereti zvehurumende.

Kuona Zviri Mberi Nezvinokurudzirwa Nemitemo

Kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze, kushata kwemataundi, uye kushata kwemarongedzero kuchapfuurira kuita kuti pave nokudiwa kwemichina yemvura yakangwara. Panosvika 2030, musika wepasi pose wokuchengetedza mvura unotarisirwa kudarika mabhiriyoni $30 (Z $36 000 000 000), maererano nokudeya kutaura kwemaindasitiri. Asi ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu rwoga haruna kukwana. Kushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzinobudirira zvikurusa kuchava kuya kunotsigirwa nemitemo yokufunga mberi inoita kuti igadzirise zvinetso zvataurwa pamusoro apa.

Vaiti vemitemo pamwero yose yehurumende vanofanira kurangarira zviito zvinotevera:

  • Mipimo yemaidi emvura yenyika iyo inovimbisa kubatana, chengeteko, uye kuva woga muzvinhu zvose zvinoshanda, pasinei zvapo noukuru kana kuti nzvimbo.
  • Anoita mari inopa mari yakazvitsaurira hova nokuda kwokushandiswa kwemvura yakachena, nenzvimbo yokutanga nokuda kwenzanga dzinotarisana nedenho hurusa dzezvivako nedzemari.
  • vhura gadziriro dzokuronga [ kuziva kuongororwa kunopfuurira uye kudzorwa nemotokari sezvinotsiva zvinoshanda mitoo yokuteerera yegamuchidzanwa, nepo uchichengeta utarisiri hwakaoma.
  • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [[[[N.]] . . . . . . .
  • [ batira pamwe yeFoster pakati pezvinhu zvinoshanda, masangano oruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu, academia, uye masangano enzanga kupfurikidza nezvirongwa zvokuratidzira uye zvikuva zvinobatanidza zivo.

Mamitemo emvura ezana ramakore rechi 21 anofanira kuva akachenjera, anotsungirira zvikuru, uye anosasarura. Ruzivo rwemvura rwakangwara runopa gadziriro ine simba yezvishandiso kuti zvizadzike izvi, asi bviro yawo ichangowanwa bedzi kupfurikidza negadziriro yamaune uye inobatanidza nhevedzano yemiitiro. Kupfurikidza nokushanda zvino, vagadziri vemitemo vanogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti chizvarwa chinotevera chemipimo yemvura chinoshanda munhu ari wose nenzira inobudirira uye nenzira yakarurama.