Ukuqonda Iinguqulelo ZomGaqo-siseko: Isiseko Sobudlelane Bommi

Izilungiso zomGaqo-siseko zimela ezona ziganeko zilandelayo zomthetho kwidemokhrasi. Ziphinda zityhile isivumelwano esisisiseko phakathi korhulumente nabantu bakhe, zitshintsha imithetho esetyenziswa libutho labantu. Xa uhlanga lucinga ngokutshintsha umgaqo-siseko walo, wonke ummi ufumana ilifa lawo omabini [ amalungelo akhethekileyo[ anika amandla amazwi awo kunye [[FLT:]] nokubophelela iimbopheleleko eziqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ibonakalisa umgaqo-siseko. Olu lungelelwano phakathi komntu ngamnye othabathayo nomsebenzi odityaniweyo aluna nto ingumgangatho osebenzayo wobumi bomGwaliphabliki. Ukuqonda indima yakho phambi kolawulo lwe-demokhrasi kunye nolo lwe-demokhrasi.

Amalungelo Akho Njengommi Ngexesha Lotshintsho LomGaqo-siseko

Amalungelo abemi ngokuphathelele utshintsho lomgaqo-siseko asuka kumalungiselelo omgaqo-siseko, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo, nakumalungelo abantu azwenibanzi. La malungelo awangomalungelo angekho phantsi.

Kunene ukuya kuLwazi olucace gca

Abami banelungelo elibanzi lokufumana ulwazi olubanzi, olufikelelweyo malunga naluphi na ulungiso lomgaqo-siseko olucetyisiweyo. Oku kuquka ukuqukwa kokubuyiselwa komGaqo-siseko. Oku kuquka ukucaciswa okupheleleyo, intelekelelo esemthethweni yenkcazelo yetyala, imvume, kunye neziphumo ezizimeleyo. Iiqumrhu zemithetho-siseko zinyanzelekile ukusasaza olu lwazi olu luninzi lwezigonolwazi olukhoyo, olukhoyo, olungenayo, olu lwabiwo-mthetho lwe-ofisi ye-ofisi yezomthetho, kunye noluvoluvo oluzimeleyo. Ii-ofisi ze-ofisi ze-ofisi ze-ofisi zesizwe zinyanze i-ethelekele i-ethe mvume kuyo yonke inkqubo yokulungisa i-ethe ngeze. [FFF], kunye nolunikezelo lwasemthethweni lwezopolitiki, kufuneka zifumane ulwazi olucacileyo lwezopolitiko, kwaye zifumane ulwazi olusemthethweni lwezopolitiko.

Ilungelo lokufumana inkululeko nengxoxo kawonke-wonke

Utshintsho lomGaqo-siseko asikokuqhelisela umgaqo-siseko wabucala; kufuna uphando lukawonke-wonke. Abami banelungelo lokulungiselela nokuthabatha inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso zikawonke-wonke, kwiiholo zedolophu, nakwiziko loluntu ezinikezelweyo ukuze kuxoxwe ukulungisa okucetyiswayo. Oku kuquka ilungelo lokuvakalisa iimbono ngezantsi kunye nokugxeka . ngaphandle koloyiko lokuhlola okanye ukuphindisa. Kuninzi lwezityholo zolawulo-mthetho, ukuva kunyanzelekile phambi kokuba ukuvote okusemthethweni kungaqhubeka. Ukuthabatha kwezi nkonzo ze-fomati kuvumela abemi ukuba babuze abakhankanyiweyo, iingciki, iinjongo, kunye nokucenga ezinye izinto. Ilungelo lokucela urhulumente ukuba aphinde aphendule izikhalazo liyasebenza apha, nto leyo eyenza abemi bafumane izicelo ezisemthethweni kwisicelo sokuchola okanye ukutolika.

Ilungelo Lokunikela Imvume NgeziHlomelo

Eyona ndawo ithe ngqo yabemi ekhoyo lilungelo lokuvota kutshintsho olucetyiswayo lwe-grafesi-siseko ngokusebenzisa i-arhentendium, ii-rattings, okanye unyulo lwemithetho apho iimpempempe zokulungisa kufuneka zijongene nonyulo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwilizwe, le voti ingaba yi-texantententente (njengoko kunjalo eSwitzerland kunye neU.S.arenti ezininzi) okanye inkqubo engangqalanga apho abemi bakhetha abameli abavotiyo ngoko bavote kwi-andement (njengoko kusetyenziswa kwimigaqo emininzi yepalamente). Kwimeko nganye, olu lungelo lokuthabatha kwisigqibo sokugqibela lungangeni semthethweni. Abaturali kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba babhaliswe ngokutshayo kwaye baqonde ixesha labo abavotileyo kunye nenkqubo yokuvota.

Ukufanelekela Ingxubusho Esemthethweni Neyokwephula Isigwebo

Abemi banelungelo lokuvavanya ukufezeka kwenkqubo yokulungisa umGaqo-siseko okanye into yayo ngenkundla. Oku kuquka ilungelo lokulungisa iinkundla zetyala ezithi le ngxaki ichasene “nemfundiso yebhastiki” (kumazwe anjenge-Indiya kunye ne-South Africa) okanye igqithe umlinganiselo wamandla axonxanayo. Ngoxa uncedo olusemthethweni lusoloko luyindawo yokugqibela yokukhetha, lusebenza njengendlela ebalulekileyo yokuhlola ukungqubana kwezithethe okanye amalungelo ahlula. Intlangano ezifana neZiko lomGaqo-siseko wesizwe [[[FLT:]] unikela izibonelelo zemfundo kwindlela abemi abanokuyiqonda nokusebenzisa la malungelo asemthethweni.

Iimbopheleleko Zakho Njengommi Kwiinguqulelo ZomGaqo-siseko

Ilungelo elinganikwanga mbopheleleko ifanayo lidala ulawulo-mkhethe olungenantsingiselo. Ukuphumelela kweenkqubo zotshintsho lomgaqo-siseko kuxhomekeke kakhulu kulwazi, ukuthenjiswa kwabemi kuzalisekisa iimbopheleleko ezintlanu ezingundoqo.

Imbopheleleko Yokuhlala Ufundile

Ukuhlala ufundile akucetyiswanga kuphela. Kumele kubhalwe intelekelelo yomsebenzi we-pic. Ukulungisa komgaqo-siseko kungachaphazela amalungelo empahla, inkululeko yabemi, ulwakhiwo, kunye nolungelelwaniso lwamandla phakathi kwamasebe. Iintsebenzi zijongene nokufunda okubhaliweyo okuthenjiweyo, hayi nje ukushwankathela okanye izihloko zentloko. Kufuneka zifune iimbono ezininzi, kuquka ezo zazi zivela kumgaqo-siseko, amaqela echasa, kunye nemibutho yabemi. Imithombo yemfundo ethembekileyo iquka olphareyidia, izikhokelo zikarhulumente, iivoti, ezingezo zeparatistan zicinge njenge Brenat zeCrenat zeJast yeJajini, kunye nee-webrogiontiesties. Kwiminyaka ebanzi yolwazi oluchana.

Imbopheleleko Yokunikela Kwintetho Yesidlangalala

I-Democracism iphumelela kakhulu xa kuqwalaselwa. Abami banembopheleleko yokuvakalisa iimbono zabo kwimiba ephikisanayo, baphulaphule iingxoxo eziphikisayo, baphucule iindawo zabo ngokusekelwe kubungqina. Oku kuthetha ukubakho kwiiholo zedolophu, ukuba nenxaxheba kwingxoxo ye-intanethi (ngokunokwenzeka), ukubhalela abahleli iileta, nokunxulumana namaqela abantu abanomdla. Ukuphepha amagumbi okungena entloko nokubandakanyeka kwiimbono ezahlukeneyo kuqinisa inkqubo yedemokhrasi. Ukuba ngummi wabemi othe cwaka kunokuvumela izilangazelelo ezinamandla ukuba zilawule incoko. Intetho enetyala ikwafuna ukuhlonelwa kwamalungelo abanye ukuba babambe baze bavakalise iimbono ezahlukileyo, kwanakwiimbambanoxa okuphikisana kakhulu.

Imbopheleleko Yokuthetha Ngokuvakalayo

Uxanduva lokuvota ludlulela ngaphaya kokufaka ibholaot . Imfuno ecingelwayo, ukuvota , okunolwazi, okuchaziwe. Abami kufuneka baqwalasele iziphumo ezinokwenzeka zexeshana elifutshane kunye nezokwexesha elide, baqwalasele ukuthobela kwayo amaxabiso, kwaye bacinge ngokuhambelana kwayo nomoya womgaqo-siseko. Ukuvota okungaqondakaliyo okanye okungaqondakaliyo kungakhokelela ekungangeni ziziphumo eziyingozi kwidemokhrasi. Umzekelo, iziphumo eziluncedo ekuzilungiseni i-demokhrasi ezibonakala zingunokwenza umgaqo-siseko ungaguquguquki okanye ucekelelo-manani. Ukhokelo oluveliswa yimibutho engeyo engomalungu ahlukeneyo, iingxelo zomthetho, kunye neencwadi ezizimeleyo zomthetho ziyimfuneko ekuphumeleni lo msebenzi.

Imbopheleleko Yokuthabatha Inxaxheba Ngaphaya Kwebhokisi Yebhola

Ukunika imvume kubalulekile, kodwa iinguqulelo zomGaqo-siseko zifuna ukunyanzeliswa kwezentlalo. Izakhamuzi kufuneka zibe nenxaxheba kwiingxoxo zikawonke-wonke, zithelele imibutho yokuchongwa kwetyala, ziqhagamshelane nabameli bazo abanyuliweyo, zide zicinge nokubalekela kwisikhundla sasekuhlaleni ukuze ziphembelele inkqubo yokulungisa, ukusayina izibongozo, ukulungelelanisa iintlanganiso zengingqi, kunye nokwabelana ngenkcazelo echanileyo yezentlalo-lu luhlu. Xa abemi behlala ngaphandle kwemijikelezo yonyulo, amazwi ambalwa athe asebenza ngokutsha angayiguqula ngokutyiki iziphumo, angayitshintsha ngokungalindelekanga imiphumo.

Imbopheleleko Yokukhusela Amalungelo Ancinane Nomthetho

UmGaqo-siseko ukho ukuze ukhusele ulawulo oluninzi namalungelo amancinane. Abami kufuneka baphaphe ezo zicetyiswayo azithobeli inkululeko esisiseko, inkqubo efanelekileyo, okanye umthetho womthetho. Kuyimbopheleleko ekhethekileyo ukuthetha xa inguquko iyingozi kumaqela abuthathaka okanye iqinise amandla agqithisileyo kulo naliphi na isebe likarhulumente. Ukusebenzisa lo mthwalo kufuna ukufundiswa komgaqo-siseko (*) ukuqonda imigaqo yolwahlulo lwamagunya, ukuzimela kwezahlulele, namalungelo abantu. Ukunxulumana nemibutho enikezelwe ukugada komgaqo-siseko, njenge I-International Center for Not- Profit [[FLT] Umthetho-profit:1], kunganceda abahlabela iziphumo zeengxaki.

Ukuthabatha Inxaxheba Kwienkqubo Zedemokhrasi: Ukhokelo Olusebenzisekayo

Ukwazi amalungelo neembopheleleko zakho kudala nje. Ukuba nenxaxheba ngokunempumelelo kufuna ukuba uthabathe inyathelo ngabom. Ngapha koko ufanele unikele ukhokelo olusebenzisekayo ekutshintsheni umGaqo-siseko ngalo lonke ixesha.

Xa Kuqaliswa Ukuhlaziywa Komthetho

  • [[UMTL:0] Funda umbhalo osemthethweni kunye nazo naziphina iingxelo ezilandelayo zowiso-mthetho. Musa ukuthembela kwiinkcazelo ezisele zisetyenzisiwe.
  • Iindlebe zikawonke-wonke eziqulethweyo zilungelelaniswe yindlu yowiso-mthetho okanye urhulumente wasekuhlaleni. Ngoku iziqu ezininzi ziqokelela iintlanganiso kwi-intanethi.
  • Zibophelele ukulumkisa ukusuka kwisebe lonyulo lwelizwe lakho okanye kubulungiseleli bokusesikweni ukulandelela iziganeko eziphambili zokwemvelo.
  • Iintlanganiso zemfundo yoluntu ezinika uqeqesho ezinikezelwa ziiyunivesithi, amaqumrhu ebhari, okanye amaqela angengawo amapartistan.

Ebudeni Bexesha Lokuzikhulula

  • [[UMTL: 0] Xhulumana nabameli bakho nge-imeyile, umnxeba, okanye ngoku- pherson angss ofisi. chaza indawo yakho kwaye ucele ukuma kwabo.
  • Bhala ii-edi okanye oonobumba kumhleli kumaphephandaba asekuhlaleni ukuphembelela uluvo lukawonke-wonke.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Icandelo kwintlanganiso zentlanganiso zoxolo okanye kwimiboniso ukuba ivunyelwe ngumthetho. Yazi amalungelo akho malunga nendibano.
  • Sebenzisa i media yentlalo ngokucoselelekileyo: yabelana ngenkcazelo eqinisekisiweyo evela kwimithombo enegunya, kunye nenkcazelo egqwethekileyo xa udibana nayo.
  • Lungisa okanye dibanisa iqela lesifundo nabamelwane okanye abo usebenza nabo ukuxubusha ngeziphumo zentengiselwano kubunzulu.

Ngosuku Lovuyo

  • [[UMTL: 0] Ukhuphisa indawo yakho yokuvota kunye nobhaliso lovoti kakuhle phambi kosuku lonyulo.
  • [[UMTL:0] Zisa uchazo olufunekayo [[UMGAQO 1] kwaye zivumelane nazo zonke iinkqubo zokuvota ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhola yakho yokubalwa.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ukukhupha kwangoko ukuba kuyenzeka ukunqanda imigca emide, ingakumbi ngexesha lokujika okuphezulu komGaqo-siseko we-asendum.
  • Cinga indlela yonke : nokuba uxhasa utshintsho, qwalasela iziphumo ezingacwangciswanga kwamanye amalungiselelo omgaqo-siseko.

Emva Kwendawo Yokutyela

  • [[UMGAQO-] Uzalisekiso lwe-. IziHlanziso zomelele kuphela njengomthetho wazo. Hlala udibene neekomiti zobuveleli kunye nohlolo lokugweba.
  • [[UTL:0] Unikezelo lwendawo [ ngokuhlonela amalungiselelo amatsha omgaqo-siseko, nokuba ubuchasa ukutshintshwa/ngaphandle kokuba idemokhrasi iphazamisa amalungelo abantu okanye imigaqo yedemokhrasi.
  • [[Umthetho:0] Bhala amava akho kwaye wabelane ngempendulo neekhomishini zohlolo lomgaqo-siseko okanye abaphengululi abafunda iinkqubo zokulungisa.

Ingqikelelo Yamazwe Ngamazwe: Indlela Utshintsho Lwahlukene ngayo Umgaqo-siseko osondelayo

Nangona isiseko somthetho welizwe lakho sibaluleke kakhulu, ukubona indlela abanye abalungisa ngayo izinto kunokukhuthaza uluntu luziphucule yaye kutyhile ezona zinto zibalulekileyo.

Iimodeli zedemokhrasi ethe ngqo

Amazwe afana neSwitzerland kunye namazwana amaninzi ase-U.S. avumela abemi ukuba bacebise ukuhlaziywa komgaqo-siseko ngenyathelo lokuqala nangenkqubo yokhokelo. Kwezi nkqubo, ilungelo lokuqalisa utshintsho libaluleke njengelungelo lokuvota. Abami kufuneka baqokelele inani elincinane lemityikitya emiselweyo ukuze bafanelekele ukuthunyelwa kwevoti kawonke-wonke. Oku kudibanisa icandelo elibalulekileyo loxanduva kwintlalo-ntle. Imodeli yaseSwitzerland, umzekelo, isoloko ibandakanya ixesha lokunxibelelana ngokusemthethweni phambi kwe-arententeum, iqinisekisa ukuba amazwi amaninzi abumba isicelo sokugqibela. i-FTracel Chacel [FLD:1] eSwisstiki ishicilela izikhokelo ezichaza indlela abanokuqhuba ngayo amalungelo abantu.

Imodeli ezimeleyo ezinokusetyenziswa nguwonke-wonke

Amazwe amaninzi, kuquka iIreland ne-Ostreliya, kufuneka kudluliswe ukulungisa komGaqo-siseko yindlu yowiso-mthetho kuze kuvunywe ngabantu kwi-arhente. Eli gunya libini liqinisekisa ukuba abameli abanyuliweyo nabemi abaqhelekileyo bayaluvumela utshintsho olusisiseko. Ngokomzekelo, iNdibano yeSizwe iye yasetyenziselwa ukulungisa ngabom ukuhlaziywa okuntlukwano okufana nokulingana komtshato nokuqhomfa, inika abemi indima elungelelanisiweyo kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuyila.

Iimodeli ezintle zePalamente

KuManyanokazi (owunomgaqo-siseko ongamiselwanga kodwa usaqhubeka ufumana iinguqu ezibalulekileyo zomGaqo-siseko), ukutshintshwa kwemithetho esisiseko kumiselwe yiPalamente. Ngoxa abemi bengenakuvota ngqo, basebenzisa amalungelo abo neembopheleleko zabo ngokukhetha ii-MP, ngokuthabatha inxaxheba ekubuzeni kukawonke-wonke, kunye nakumagosa epalamente axhasa ipalamente. Uxanduva lokubandakanyeka phakathi konyulo lunzima kakhulu kwiinkqubo ezinjalo, njengokuba ibinzana elinye lepalamente linokuzisa iinguqulelo zomGaqo-siseko ngaphandle kokuvota okuthe ngqo.

Ucelomngeni Oluqhelekileyo Nendlela Yokoyisa

Ukusebenzisa amalungelo akho nokuphumeza iimbopheleleko akusoloko kulula. Abami bajamelana nemiqobo enokubenza bangabi nanxaxheba. Ukwazi ezi ngxaki kunye namaqhinga okuzoyisa kuyinxalenye yobumi obunenkathalo.

Inkcazelo Ephosakeleyo Nenkcazelo Engachananga

Utshintsho lomGaqo-siseko ludla ngokutsala iingcamango zobuxoki ezenzelwe ukuphembelela uluvo lukawonke-wonke. Ukuphikisa oku, abemi kufuneka banqamleze ulwazi olulawuliweyo kwimithombo esemthethweni karhulumente kunye nemibutho ezimeleyo ekhangela inyaniso. Uqeqesho lokufunda nokubhala nokubhala luba bubuchule obufunekayo kuluntu.

Ulwimi lwasemthethweni oluntsonkothileyo

Kunzima ukuba ababhali bomGaqo-siseko bangabi namithetho. Ngoku amagunya amaninzi afuna ukushwankathelwa kolwimi olucacileyo. Ukuba ilizwe lakho aliniki lwimi lunye, funa ukushwankathelwa kwimibutho yebhari, kwiikliniki zomthetho zaseyunivesithi, okanye kumaqela emigaqo-siseko engeyoyayo iparatis. Musa ukumathidala ukucela ummeli wakho ukuba akuchazele.

Ithambeka Elisezantsi

Xa inani elikhulu labemi bemkile, iziphumo zisenokungamelanga ukuthanda kwabantu okuyinyaniso. Imbopheleleko yokuvota iquka ukukhuthaza abanye ukuba bavote. Lungisa amakhareji, usasaze izikhokelo zovoteli abangangobathathi-nxaxheba, ukhumbuze abahlobo nentsapho ngemihla yonyulo.

Ucelomngeni Olusemthethweni Loko Kuqhutywa

Ukuba urhanela ukuba inkqubo yokulungisa ibuthathaka ngokwendalo (umz., ukujongana noluntu okwanele, ukunqongophala kwe-mostalrum kwindlu yowiso-mthetho, ukuqokelelwa kosayino olungasebenziyo), unelungelo lokuyivavanya enkundleni. Kodwa inyathelo elisemthethweni kufuneka libe linyathelo lokugqibela lokuyilungisa/ukuyilungisa ngokutshayelela impendulo yoluntu kunye nokuqhatha-qhatha kwabantu. Ukuba ityala liyimfuneko, funa uncedo olusemthethweni kwimibutho enikezelwe kwimigaqo-siseko.

Isizathu Sokuba Ube Nenxaxheba Kwimibandela Ngoku Ngaphezu Kwangaphambili

Utshintsho lomGaqo-siseko luyakhawulezisa emhlabeni wonke, luqhutywa kukuhlahlelana kwezobupolitika, ubugcisa, kunye nentsebenziswano. Kumazwe amaninzi, ubuninzi bokuguquka kwemeko-ntle buyakhula, kwaye ububanzi buyanda . Ukufikelela kuyo yonke into ukusuka kwimisebenzi yemozulu ukuya kumalungelo amanani. Abahlali abanomngcipheko wokuba nomthetho wabo osisiseko owenziwe ngabantu abaphezulu nezilangazelelo ezikhethekileyo. Ukubandakanye notshintsho lomgaqo-siseko akusosesona siganeko sexesha elinye kodwa iso sisemgqaliselweni. Uvoti wakho kunye nelizwi osebenzayo namhlanje uya kugqiba ubunjani bolawulo-melo lwezwe lakho.

Ngokwembali, amaxesha omGaqo-siseko ``iNguqulo yamalungelo e-U.S.', iBhili yamaLungelo, umgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika odlulileyo woMntla Afrika, okanye u-1965 Womthetho wamaLungelo ````````````Amalungelo''''''''''' ngenxa yokuba abemi bafuna ukubandakanywa, ukubonakala, nokuphendula . Lo mgaqo mnye usebenza kuyo yonke inkqubo yokulungisa, enkulu okanye encinane. Ngokuwazi amalungelo akho, ukwamkela iimbopheleleko zakho, kwaye uthabathe inxaxheba kuwo onke amanqanaba, uba ngumgcini womgaqo-mthetho. Lo nguhlobo oluphezulu lobumi.