Imfuneko Ekhulayo Yokukhotyokiswa Kwabemi Abakhulu Abahlala Edolophini

Njengoko abantu basezidolophini bekhula ehlabathini lonke, amandla abantu abadala okuhamba ngokukhululekileyo nakhuselekile kwizixeko athe aba lucelomngeni olucacileyo lokucwangcisa izixeko zale mihla. Ngo-2050, inani labantu abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu kulindeleke ukuba liphindeke kabini, lifikelele ngaphezu kwe-2. Kwizixeko ezininzi, abantu abadala sele bemela iqela elikhulu labemi, ukanti iinkqubo zezithuthi kunye neendawo zikawonke wonke zakhiwe ngokubanzi zabemi abasebatsha, abakwaziyo ukuzenzela ikhefu.

Ukulungisa lo msantsa asiyonto nje yokungalingani; yimfuno esebenzayo yokwakha izixeko ezizinzileyo, ezinokufumaneka. Xa abantu abadala bengakwazi ukuqhuba imeko-bume yabo ngokulula, basengozini yokuhlala ekhaya, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuwohlokeni emzimbeni, udandatheko, kunye neendleko eziphezulu zempilo. Ngokuchaseneyo, izixeko ezifaka imali ekwakheni ubutyebi obuneengenelo zobuntu obukhulu ziyakwazi ukuvelisa ubutyebi beengenelo: abantu abadala bahlala besebenza ngokukhuthele kuluntu, amashishini asekuhlaleni asebenza kakuhle, kunye neenkqubo zothutho lukawonke wonke zibona ukusetyenziswa okunelisa, okunelisayo, okusebenza okunelisayo imini yonke.

Amacandelo alandelayo ahlolisisa imiqobo ekhethekileyo abantu abakhulileyo abajamelana nayo kwimimandla esezidolophini, iindlela zokuziphelisa, kunye nobugcisa nemimiselo esele isenza umahluko kwizixeko ezisemhlabeni wonke.

Iingcinga Eziphambili Zokuthotywa Kwezilwanyana Ezikhulu Zijongene Nezixeko

Ukuqonda imiqobo abantu abadala abajamelana nayo linyathelo lokuqala lokufumana izisombululo ezisebenzayo. Imiqobo emininzi iyadityaniswa, nto leyo edibanisa ubunzima bohambo lwemihla ngemihla. Ngentla, sihlola eyona miqobo inzima edityaniswe ngamaqela.

Isiseko Sokwahlukana

Iindlela eziqhekeziweyo, ezingalinganiyo, okanye ezimxinwa ezikhoyo eziyingozi kuhambo olunzima lwabakhulileyo abasebenzisa iinkanunu, abahamba ngeenyawo okanye izitulo ezinamavili. Kwimimandla emininzi yasedolophini, kunqanda ithambeka elingekho, lingenamaseko, okanye umqadi, okwenza ukuwela isitrato kube nengozi. IBenchess kunye nokuyeka ukuhamba kunqandekile, kunyanzelisa abantu abadala ukuba bahambe kwindawo ende bengenandawo yokuhlala baphinde bachache. Iimpawu zokuhamba ngesantya esiphezulu zidla ngokunikezela ngemizuzwana engaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu ukuwela indlela ehambayo — kunzima kakhulu kubakhulu ngesantya esinciphileyo. [[FLT:] Inhlangano yempilo yehlabathi [FLT] [FLD]] ithi iziphumo zesibini ezikhokelela kukufa okungaqondakaliyo ngokungaqondangagqibelanga, kwaye ezininzi zibonakala zingakhuselekiyo kule ndlela.

Imida Yonikezelo

Izinyuko ezinemanyathelo aphezulu, izititshi ezinezithuba ezinkulu zeqonga, kunye nezitishi ezingenazo izikhephe zokuthutha inqwelo-moya zikhupha abakhulu abanokusetyenziswa kwizithuthi zikawonke wonke. Kwanaxa izithuthi zifumaneka ngokuphandle, abaqhubi basenokungaguqe uduladula okanye bathumele ii-amps rhoqo. Amakhulu asoloko ezama ukulwa neemephu ezintsonkothileyo, uludwe lwemida yokufaka amakhadi, kunye nezitishi zezithuthi ezizizodwa. Izaziso somsebenzi wamanani zisenokungachazwa ukuba zifaneleke ngenxa yengxolo engasemva, kwaye ukuboniswa kwamehlo kusenokuba kuncinane kakhulu okanye akufakwanga. [[FLT:] ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo yiARP[FLT] [FLD] [1:] ibonisa ukuba ukunqongoomisa izithuthi ezikufuphi nendawo zokuthutha abantu abadala abadla ngokusetyenziswa ngabantu abadala, ezilandelwa luloyiko lolwaphulo-mthetho.

Ukhuseleko Nokoyika Ulwaphulo - mthetho

Ukoyika ukuwa kuhambisana noloyiko lolwaphulo-mthetho. Izitrato ezikhanyiswe ngamahlwempu, izitishi ezikwanti, kunye nendawo engenamntu zibangela ixhala, ingakumbi kubantu abadala abanokuthwala izinto ezixabisekileyo okanye abaziva bebuthathaka emzimbeni. Kwanaxa amaqondo olwaphulo-mthetho esezantsi, acingelwa ukuba ukhuseleko lunempembelelo enamandla yokuba umntu omdala uza kuhamba okanye asebenzise uhambo. Uphando olusuka kwiYunivesithi yaseMichigan lubonisa ukuba ikota yabantu abadala abangaphezu kwama-65 bakuphepha ukuphuma ebusuku ngenxa yexhala. Lo mhlawumbi wokhuseleko uthintela umgangatho ophezulu wenkonzo yangokuhlwa, ukulungiselela ukulungiselela iintlanganiso, ukulungiselela iinkonzo zonyango, kunye nezokuzonwabisa.

Ukuzimela Ngokwabantu Neentlango Zezothutho

Abaninzi abakhulileyo baphila ngempumelelo kubuchule babo bokuqhuba kodwa bahlala kwiindawo ezinobuphetshembezi okanye ezingahambiyo kawonke-wonke — ezibizwa ngokuba ziintlango zothutho. EUnited States, malunga nama-20% abantu abangaphezulu kwama-65 abanokuqhuba, kwaye kwiindawo ezithe xhaxhe ezisemadolophini, oku kuphumelela kubacinezela ukuba ukufumaneka kwabo emakhayeni abo kunxulumene namanani aphezulu obembini wesifo sentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo, nokufa ngaphambi kwexesha. [[FLT:]

Imisebenzi ekhuthazayo yokuphucula ukhuthuzo

Ukutshintsha abantu abadala abahlala edolophini kubandakanya unyuko lokwemvelo, ubugcisa, ukuganana, kunye nokuhlaziywa kwemigaqo-nkqubo. Ezi ndlela zingezantsi zivunyiwe ukwenza ukuba izixeko zikwazi ukuhlaziywa kwaye zamkele abantu abadala.

Ukwakhiwa Kwezitrato Ezinokuhamba

  • Inkqubela-phambili yohambo olude: Izakhelo zocambalalo ezibucala ukuze zibebumtyibilizi, islip-slistant, kwaye ubuncinane iinyawo ezintandathu ububanzi ukuhlalisa iinkonzo zokuhamba. Dibanisa iintambo ezizinzo ekunqamlezeni abasebenzisi abakhubazekileyo.
  • Izigqumathelo ezingqukuva kunye nokunqumla: Faka ukugungqa, ukuthambeka okuthambileyo kwethambeka kusikwe kumacala onke okunqamleza. Ulwandiso ngamaxesha okunqamleza okanye ufake iziqithi zokuzikhusela ezihamba ngenqanawa kwizitrato ezibanzi. Sebenzisa iimpawu ezivakalayo nezicuthwayo.
  • [[UMTLA:0] Indawo Zokuphumla kunye nezobunjani: Beka izihlalo rhoqo kwiinyawo ezingamakhulu amathathu ukuya kwezingama-500 kwindlela ezinkulu, ngokufanelekileyo zinezivalo zokuma lula. Zinike imithi yomthunzi okanye izikhuseli zeseyile kunye nemithombo yokusela.
  • [[FLT: 0] Izibane ezilungisekayo: Ukunyusa izibane zesitrato zibe kumgangatho ophezulu weLED eziphelisa iindawo ezimnyama, ingakumbi kwizitishi zikaduladula, iindledlana, nakufutshane nezindlu eziphezulu.

Ezi nguqulelo ziyingenelo kumntu wonke — abazali abahamba ngeenqwelo-moya, abantu abaneziphene nabasebenzi abasebenza ukuthwala abantwana — kodwa zibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abadala. uphando lweNational Institutes of Health lufumanise ukuba ibhenji nganye eyongezelelekileyo inxulumene nokwanda kwesantya se 15% kubantu abadala abangaphaya kwe 65.

Uthutho lukawonke-wonke olufikelelekayo nolunokufumaneka

  • Izithuthi ezihamba ngesantya esiphantsi: buyisela iibhasi ezikwinyathelo eliphezulu kunye noololiwe ngemodeli ephantsi evumela imigangatho yokukhwela. Nxibisa zonke izithuthi ngeentambo zesandla ezilula kunye nezihlalo eziphambili kufutshane neengcango.
  • Ukuhlaliswa okudibeneyo: Ukufakelwa “zonke iindlela zokungena ezingaphakathi" kunye nokungahlawulwa kwemali eziphelisa imfuneko yokudlula kwi-consol console. Qeqesha abaqhubi ukugoba iibhasi kunye nokuthumela iintambo ngokuzenzekelayo xa abaphezulu besondela.
  • ulwazi olucacisiweyo: Faka zombini ezivakalayo kunye nexesha lokwenene lokufika kwexesha lokufika. Nika ulwazi kushicilelo olukhulu, ibrolle, kwaye usebenzisa ii-apples ezilula. nikeza izitena zolwazi ezifakelweyo kwiziqendu ezinkulu zokuhambisa.
  • Imali ehlawulwayo: Inika izithuba ezicuthekileyo okanye ezikhululekileyo zothutho ukwenzela abaphezulu, njengoko zenziwa kwizixeko ezininzi zaseYurophu nase Asia. Cinga ngohambo lwangaphandle lwepeyinti ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa ngexesha elincinane eliphithizelayo.

Izixeko ezifana ne Ivancouver, Canada inika uthutho olukhululekileyo kubemi 65+ ngexesha leyure ezingeyopeyinti, kunye nomrhumo omncinci wonyaka. Ukukhwela inqwelo-moya phakathi kwabakhulu kwanyuka ngama-40% kwiminyaka emibini yokunduluka kwenkqubo.

Uqhutyo lobuxhakaxhaka kunye nezisombululo ze-Ride

Ungenelo lwe-Smartphone phakathi kwabakhulileyo lunyuka ngokukhawuleza — ngaphezu kwama-60% abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-65-74 ubudala kwi-US banemfonomfono. Izixeko zingaxhathisa le ntsingiselo ngezixhobo ezakhiwe ngenjongo ezibonisa amaqhosha amakhulu, umbhalo osuka phezulu osekelwe kwinyathelo-i-GPS ngenyathelo elihambayo, kunye nemiyalelo yexesha lothutho lokwenene. Imiyalelo esetyenziswayo yelizwi inganceda abo banokubona okulinganiselweyo okanye abakwaziyo ukukhupha isandi.

[[FLT: 0] Iinkqubo zokukhwela-okdwa ezisetyenziswayo. zazalisa izithuba ezibalulekileyo kwimimandla esezantsi. Ngokungafaniyo neenkonzo zezorhwebo njengo-Uber okanye Litft, ezi nkqubo zidla ngokusebenzisa abaqhubi bamatsha - ntliziyo abaqeqeshiweyo, iinqwelo-ziphene ezinamavili zenqwelo-sangqa, kunye noncedo lwendlu ngeminyango. Iimodeli ezifana I-ITN kunye Gooctactait ibonelela izithuthi zomnxeba ezinyulwayo ezinyuliweyo, kunye noomatilo-omfono-onke abaphezulu abanofotak'i.

Iziphekepheke ezizimeleyo zingena kwincoko. Ngelixesha zisekhona, zifakwe phantsi, ziqhutywa ngenqanawa ezizimeleyo kuluntu oluhlala umhlalaphantsi nakwimimandla ekwidolophu ephakathi kwelizwe. Zinika isiqinisekiso, kwinkonzo ephantsi kwemfuneko yokuqhuba umntu — kodwa kuphela ukuba zenziwe ngezixhobo ezinkulu, ezilula ukuzisebenzisa kunye nesithuba esaneleyo sabahambi.

Iinkqubo ezisekelwe kuluntu kunye nokubandakanyeka

  • [[NTLA] Ii-awudi ezihambayo: OoMasipala bangasebenzisana namaziko aphezulu akhokelayo ukulungiselela uhambo lweqela lokwakha intembelo nokwenza amaqhina entlalo. Gqibela iivesti ezibonisayo kunye noomatiloshe abanogada ekunqumleni.
  • [[[NTL:0] Iinkqubo zomqhubi ezihambayo: namatsha - ntliziyo oqeqesho ukuqhuba abaphezulu ukuya kwii-arhente zezamayeza, iivenkile zevenkile, kunye neziganeko zoluntu. Iinkqubo ezifana Inethwekhi yezothutho ezimeleyo igubungela i-inshorensi kunye nembuyiselo yemayile.
  • Intlanganiso zomboniso wobeko: Abakhulu abade abaninzi bayeka ukusebenzisa uhambo amashumi eminyaka adluleyo kwaye abaqhelene neenkqubo zale mihla. Iimisebenzi zokusebenzela ezikhululekileyo ezifundisa indlela yokuphonsa ikhadi le-track, ukufunda imiqondiso ye-elektroniki, kunye nesicelo singanyusa ngokuphawulekayo uqeqesho loontanga, apho abantu abadala bafundisana, isebenza kakhulu.
  • Amanyathelo aphakathi: Amatshantliziyo akhulileyo namatsha - ntliziyo akwimisebenzi okanye kwizinto zenkcubeko. Abelana ngengenelo zombini kubudala — abakhulileyo bafumana uncedo kunye nonxulumano, ngelixesha abantu abaselula befumana imbono entle kunye nentelekelelo yomsebenzi.

Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwezibonelelo zephondo

Ukuphucula ukushukuma okuphezulu kudinga imigaqo yobudala obuzinzileyo kulwaleko ngalunye lokuceba. Izixeko kufuneka zamkele umgangatho "owona mvulo-wokuqala” indlela yokulungisa: ukufumana indawo yokuhlala ephezulu, ikliniki yezonyango, izitore zevenkile, kunye namaziko oluntu ahamba ngemijukujelwa elishumi elinesihlanu okanye ukukhwelana okufutshane. Oku kunciphisa imfuneko yokuhamba ixesha elide kwaye kwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla isebenze ngaphandle kwemoto.

Imigaqo-nkqubo epheleleyo yezitrato iqinisekisa ukuba yonke imisebenzi emitsha yendlela ihlalisa abahambi ngenqwelo-moya, abakhweli bebhayisekile, nabasebenzi bothutho lukawonke-wonke ngokulinganayo — hayi iinqwelo-mafutha nje kuphela. Uhlolo loyilo kufuneka luquke uluhlu lwemiqathango yobuhlobo obuphezulu: ukubekwa kwebhedi, ixesha lemiboniso, ukunqanda ukubekwa kwe-ampp, kunye nokufumaneka kwendlu yangasese.

Izikhuthazo eziqhubela phambili [[FLT: 1] zingakhawuleza utshintsho. Umanyano kunye norhulumente zinika iprojekthi zophuhliso olucwangcisiweyo olunceda abantu abangakhuselekanga. Amadolobha abonisa isibopho sokuhamba ngokusondelelana nobudala angafaka kwiinkqubo ezifana ne U.S. ISebe lezentengiso ezingcono kwimali eLavege Development (BULD) anikezela [ okanye ingeniso efanayo eYurophu nase-Asia.

Imizekelo yehlabathi lokwenene kunye nezenzo ezingcono

Izixeko ezininzi sele zisebenzise iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuhamba ukuze ziphumelele.

Singapore: Izindlu zikawonke-wonke kunye neTransit ezikwiminyaka yobudala

I-Huescale & iBhodi yoPhuhliso idityaniswe ngobuhlobo obuphezulu kwizakhiwo ezintsha zezindlu. Zonke iziqobo zidityaniswe ukugquma izithuthi ezihambayo ezinendawo zokuhlalisa, kwaye ezininzi zidityaniswe ngqo kwizitishi ze-MRT. Izikhululo ze-Srapid Transit zibonakalisa amasango abanzi, amathambeka athambileyo, kunye namagumbi okulala aphambili anikezelweyo. Amagumbi afumana “iSimi saseMozantili enika imali encitshisiweyo. [[FLT: 0]] IBHANGELE YEBHANGELE YAMAZWE [ ibalase indlela ezi zinto eziye zanegalelo ngayo kwisikhululo saseSingapore njengesinye seminyaka enobuhlobo.

Portland, Oregon: “Age-Friendy Portland” Isicwangciso sokwenza

Isicwangciso esibanzi sePortland, esenziwe nge AARP, iquka inyathelo “lophawu lwePentestan Timing” elathi landisa ukunqumla amaxesha kwikhulu leemnqamlezo. Esi sixeko kwakhona sadala udweliso “lwempuku yolwaphulo-mthetho olukwindawo ebanzi” sinika inkqubo yokuba ulwando lwemali ekwindawo ebanzi lufakelwe kwaye luthintele udibaniso oluqhutywa zizicelo zoluntu. Uvavanyo oluthe lwandiswa yiPortland State University[ lwafumanisa ukuba abantu abakhulu abakwimimandla ephucukileyo babika ubuninzi obungamashumi amabini anesihlanu% ekuhambeleni nokuncipha kokuhamba kweminxeka kwe-30% ekuxhalaneni.

ITokyo: Izitishi ezisisikroti ezikhululekileyo ne “Siver Taxis”

Isephasishi enkulu yothutho eTokyo ifakwe neengcango zeqonga, izinyusi kwisikhululo ngasinye, kwaye i-arhente yokujika-jika iphelele. Inkqubo yesixeko “Silver Taxi" inika uhambo lwe-cango ukuya kwi-asemzimbeni engamashumi amabini% kwipesenti yabahlali abangama-70 nabadala, nezithuthi eziquka ii-skipothi kunye neengcango ezibanzi. [FLT:] iingxelo ezivela eTokyo Metropolitan Government[ zibonisa ukuba ezi zinyathelo zinyuse ukusetyenziswa kothutho phakathi kwabakhulu aba-18% ngeshumi leminyaka elidlulileyo.

Indima yobuxhakaxhaka: Izicombululo ezikrelekrele zesiXeko sabadala

Izixhobo zamanani ziyakwazi ukuphucula ngokuchanekileyo ekuhambeni phambili. Izimvo zesixeko ezikrelekrele zingaqwalasela iimeko zendlela kwaye zicwangcise ukulungiswa. Imiqondiso yendlela yokuhamba ingababona abahamba ngesantya esiphezulu kwaye yandise amaxesha okunqumla ngokunamandla. Iingcingo zeselula ziyakwazi ukudibanisa idata yokwenene ekwisinyusi esiphumayo kwizikhululo zohambo kwaye zicebisa ezinye iindlela. Abancedisi belizwi abanjenge-Amazon Alexa okanye i-Google Syvier bangaphendula imibuzo yendlela ngaphandle kokuba kufuna ujongano lwe-mfono ye-mfono-mfono.

Kodwa ubugcisa bodwa abwanele. ulwahlulo lwe-digital luhlala lungumqobo wokwenene: ubugcisa obusezantsi obungenayo intsebenziswano okanye ulwazi lwamanani. Izixeko kufuneka zifakelele izixhobo zemivo ngezixhobo ze-analog — iimephu ezishicilelweyo, iintambo zoncedo lwefowuni, kunye ne-pern-kionkis ezixhotyisiweyo zabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo. Xa kusungulwa ubugcisa bomhlaba wonke, imigaqo yokuyila iqinisekisa ukuba iimpawu zinceda bonke abasebenzisi, hayi nje oomatshini bobugcisa bobugcisa bobugcisa. i-PROGP igxininisa kuMbutho wehlabathi ye-Genegameterstion [FLT] [FLT]] igxininisa kugxininisa ukuba ubugcisa bokwamqesholo oluphezulu xa abenzi bezixhobo zokuphatha abantu abaphezulu, ukunikezela kolwazi oluneyo oluneyo oluneyo olulukutyikayo, olunolukubekileyo olulukubekileyo olulukubekayo

Ukwakha ikamva leminyaka: Imigaqo

Ukulinganisa ezi ndlela, izixeko kufuneka zihambe ixesha elide kwizithuthi, ekusetyenzisweni komhlaba, nakucwangciso loqingqo-mali. Ezi zinconyelo zilandelayo zisebenza njengendawo yokuqala:

  • [[NTL:0] Ukufumana umsebenzi wesakhelo sobugqina beminyaka: Zonke iprojekthi zezothutho kufuneka zifumane iziphumo eziphezulu zohlolo, ezifana nohlolo lwemeko-bume. Ezo zingaphumeleliyo ukuphendula imiqobo kufuneka zilungiswe okanye zimiselwe ukubonelela ngemali.
  • Yenza iNgxowa-mali Yonikezelo: Beka bucala ipesenti yoqingqo-mali lwezithuthi ngokukhethekileyo kwinkqubela-phambili yobudala — njengolungiso lweendlela, ufakelo lwebhedi, kunye nesikhululo sesikhululo sothutho. Amanye amazwe, njenge New York, amisele “Ukubeka kwindawo". Imali yekomkhulu enokuba yimizekelo.
  • Amanani aphezulu akwindawo yokucwangcisa: Imisela iikomiti ezimiyo ezinomelo oluphezulu. Uhlolo lwendlu ukuya kwindlu ephezulu kunye namaqela ajolise kuyo kwiindawo ezinabemi abakhulileyo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba amarhintyela empendulo avaliwe — bonisa uluntu indlela igalelo eliphembelela ngayo izigqibo.
  • Imigangatho yoyilo lwehlabathi lonke I- I-FOLT Ikhowudi yoHlaziya kunye nemigaqo yoyilo lwendlela ukugunyazisa iimpawu ezifana nokuhla kweqonga, izithuba zebhedi, kunye nexesha lokuvula ixesha elilungele abahamba ngenyawo abacothayo. Yenza ukuthobela imeko yemvume.
  • [[NTLA] IFOster-Private ofisi zobuPhondo: ikhuthaza abaphuhlisi bobucala ukuquka imibutho yokuhamba yasekuhlaleni — izithuba apho uthutho, isabelo sohambo, ibhayisekile, kunye nokuhamba — njengenxalenye yeeprojekthi ezintsha zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo kufutshane namakhaya amade.

Isiphelo

Ukuphucula ukuhambelana kwabantu abakhulileyo akuyonto iphambili — yisiseko sezixeko ezihlala abantu abaninzi, ezisempilweni, nezityebileyo kwezoqoqosho. Imiqobo yeyokwenene kodwa kukude kube nokungafikeleleki. Ngezibonelelo ezithelekelelwayo, ukufumaneka nokufikeleleka, ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa, umanyano loluntu, kunye nemigaqo eqinileyo, izixeko zingaqinisekisa ukuba abantu abadala baqhubeke benenxaxheba kwimimandla yasedolophini. Ibhene ngalinye elifakwe ixesha elide, naliphi na uphawu lokwakhiwa lizikongamelelo lwesidima, ukuzimela, kunye nonxibelelwano. Izixeko ezihamba phambili namhlanje ziya kuba zezona zilungele ukuhambelana kwemibutho yabantu bonke abahlala edolo.