Table of Contents

Amatyala erhafu enzelwe ukuvuza iminikelo karhulumente esetyenziswa ngokweenkqubo esebenzayo oorhulumente bamele bakhuthaze utyalo-mali lwabucala kwiimpahla zikawonke-wonke. Ngokunciphisa ngokuthe ngqo irhafu yomntu okanye yeshishini xa kuhlawulwa iminikelo, iiyure zamatsha - ntliziyo, okanye inkqubela-phambili yengingqi, ezi zinconywa ziguqula iminqweno yoncedo ibe zizinto eziphathekayo. Isiphumo sisixhobo esinamandla esingaqinisekisi nje kuphela abantu basekuhlaleni kodwa sikhuthaza nempucuko yobumi basekuhlaleni obusebenzayo. Ukuqonda indlela lo msebenzi ofanelekela ngayo, owufanelekela ngayo, oweeyure zokuzithandela, okanye ophucuthelela ingeniso ephawulekayo ngexa ukwandisa impembelelo yakho kwingingqini.

Yintoni Enconyelwa Yiminikelo Yerhafu?

Ngokungafaniyo nezihlawuli zerhafu, ezinciphisa umthamo wengeniso kwirhafu, amatyala erhafu anika unciphiso lwemali-mali yerhafu. Umzekelo, ityala lerhafu eliyimali-mali eliyi-$000 linciphisa imali yerhafu yakho nge-R2, kanti i-$2,000 yemali ehlawuliswayo ingakusindisa kuphela ngokuxhomekeke kwisibiyeli serhafu sakho. Oku kwenza ukubolekisa ngemali kuxabiseke ngakumbi kukuziphatha okukhethekileyo, njengokuxhasa iinkqubo zesikolo ezingahlawulwa yingeniso, okanye ukuxhasa iinkqubo zesikolo ezixhasa imimandla edityanisiweyo.

Oorhulumente kurhulumente, kurhulumente, kwanakumanqanaba kamasipala banikela le mali yokuhlawula iimfuno ezithile zoluntu. Ngoxa ityala likarhulumente linqabile ukubonelela ngeminikelo engqalileyo yoluntu (ukuhlawuliswa okusemgangathweni okuqhelekileyo), amaphondo amaninzi aneenkqubo ezomeleleyo ezivumela abarhafu ukuba batshintshele inxalenye yerhafu yengeniso yabo kwizizathu ezivunyiweyo. Amanye amatyala ayarhoxiswa, oko kuthetha ukuba ityala lingaphezu kwetyala lakho, uyawufumana umahluko njengemali-rentengiso. Amanye awabi nako ukuhlawula, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inzuzo yerhafuthezo ifaneleke.

Indlela Amathuba Amatyala Ombutho Ahluke Ngayo Kumgangatho Osezantsi

Ukuhlawuliswa koncedo kufumaneka kwabahlawuleli abahlawulela irhafu abafaka imali, kodwa malunga ne-10-15% kuphela yamaMelika athengelwa ngenxa yomgangatho ophezulu othe ngqo owenziwa nguMthetho weNtloko neMisebenzi. Amatyala erhafu, kwelinye icala, adla ngokunconywa nangabo bathabatha intlawulo esezantsi, beyenza ifikeleleke kubemi ababanzi. Ngaphezu koko, amatyala athengwa kakhulu ngokubhekiselele kokunika okuthe ngqo okuhambelana nemithetho ephambili, njengokuxhasa ukufunyanwa kwezindlu, ukuxhasa imfundo yobugcisa, okanye ukugcina imithombo yembali.

Iingenelo Eziyintloko Zokunikela Ngerhafu

Ukuqonda iingenelo ezipheleleyo kunceda abahlawuleli berhafu benze izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ngokuphathelele ukunikela kwabo.

Ukuxhasa Imali Ngezonyango

Eyona nzuzo ithe ngqo kunciphiso lwerhafu. Umhlawula irhafu kwilizwe eliphezulu elinikela ngemali exabisa ii-$5 000 kwibhanki yokutya yasekuhlaleni elungele ukunikwa irhafu yemali-mali exabisa 50% yomnikelo, ukusika ngokunempumelelo indleko yomnatha yokunikela kwii-R2,500. Le mpembelelo yomvuzo ikhuthaza iminikelo emikhulu kunokuba ivele. Ingxelo yabanikeli abaninzi yokuba ukwazi ukuba ityala likhona ikhuthaza ukuba banikele ngemigangatho ephezulu okanye baxhase iziphumo ezithile.

Isakhiwo soluntu

Xa imali yokuthenga irhafu isetyenziswa ngasese kwiiprojekthi zoluntu, iingeniso zingafumana ingeniso eqinisekisiweyo. Iintlangano zingaceba amanyathelo engeniso emali eninzi, abasebenzi abaqeshayo, kwaye zilinganisele iinkonzo zazo. Umzekelo, inkxaso-mali esebenzayo efumana iminikelo yokuthenga ngetyala idla ngokunika ingxelo yokwanda kobuchule bokunceda abantu abangenamakhaya, ukusuka kwikhusi elingenamakhaya ukuya kwiinkqubo zesikolo.

Ubungqina obunyusiweyo

Amatyala erhafu ahlawula iiyure zamatsha - ntliziyo adala unxulumano olungqalileyo phakathi kwexesha elichithwayo kunye nogcino-mali. Amazwe afana no-Oregon noMichigan anika amatyala ngomsebenzi wamatsha - ntliziyo kumasebe omlilo okanye kwiinkonzo zezonyango zongxamiseko. Oku akuzalisi nje kuphela ukugcwalisa izithuba ezinzima kukhuseleko lukawonke-wonke kodwa kukwanyusa unxibelelwano lwabemi kuluntu lwabo. Isifundo sama-2022 eSiko loMbutho weSizwe neSizwe Senkonzo Senkonzo Senkonzo Sezentengolo mali safumana ukuba iinkqubo zamatsha - zenza ngokuzithandela zibone isantya esi-12% somvolonti yoncedo oncedo kuncedo oluphezulu kunalowo ungenayo.

Ukwanda Kwezoqoqosho Zasekuhlaleni

Unyuselo lwetyala lobume-mhlaba, njengalo lwezo zihlaziywa okanye ukuphuhliswa kweshishini elincinane, lukhuthaza umsebenzi wezoqoqosho. Ityala le-R10 000 lokuphucula indawo yokugcina impahla ekwidolophu angakhokelela kubathengi abatsha, amaxabiso aphezulu empahla, kunye nokusungulwa komsebenzi. La matyala asoloko efumana ingeniso ephezulu kurhulumente wasekuhlaleni.

Iintlobo zamatyala erhafu enziwe ngomcimbi

Ngoxa iimali zokubolekisa zingafani ngokolawulo, inkoliso yazo iwela kwiindidi ezimbalwa ezibanzi. Ukuqonda ezi mpawu kunceda abanikeli bafumane amathuba ahambisana nezilangazelelo zabo.

Amalungelo Abangcaphephe

La matyala aqhelekile kwaye akhona kumaphondo angaphezu kwama-30. Asebenza kwiminikelo eyenziwa kuma-501(c)(3) emibutho enceda abantu abathile . njengamahlwempu, abalupheleyo, okanye abakhubazekileyo. Amanye amatyala "aye ajonga- ngaphandle" iibhokisi zerhafu ezibuyisela imali ekhokhelwayo kwimali ethile, njengemali yemali yokulondoloza izilwanyana zasendle okanye inkqubo yokufundisa. Abanye bafuna abanikeli ukuba basebenzise isiqinisekiso sokuthenga ityala ngaphambi kokwenza umnikelo. Umzekelo, i-Prooksswooksie ityala le-R2, i-R1, i-R1,000, i-R1, kunye nemali yokuhlawula ityala yerhafu yemali, isebenzisa iminikelo yokunceda iintsapho ezifumana imali esezantsi.

Amatyala Erhafu Amatsha - ntliziyo

I-Loodore Protection Act isoloko ingumsebenzi owenziwe ngeyure esetyenziselwe, kodwa ixhaphakile kodwa ithandwa kakhulu, le mali yokuhlawula abantu ngeendleko zokuhlawula ngaphandle kwemali enxulumene nokusebenza ngokuzithandela, okanye inika ityala elimcabange ngeyure. Le misebenzi i-Looporteur Protection Act sele ikhusela amatsha - ntliziyo kwityala, kodwa irhafu yomgangatho karhulumente yongeza intshukumisa yemali. ELouisiana, amatsha - ntliziyo anokuboleka imali e-$100 ngosuku lomsebenzi, ukuya kutsho ku-R6000 ngeyure. Layithathu la matyala atsala ngokukhethekile abaqeshi befuna ukuyeka irhafuthelo yabo abafuna ukuhlala besebenza kwaye behlisa umthwalo wabo werhafu.

Ukuphucula Ummandla Nokuvuseleleka Kwawo

Le nkcazelo ijoliswe ekuphuculweni kobuntu babantu. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo iquka iityala zerhafu zembali, ezinciphisa ixabiso lokuhlaliswa kwakhona kwezakhiwo ezindala, kunye netyala lokucoca indawo emdaka lokucoca iindawo ezonakalisiwe. Ezinye izixeko zinika "iiNwesterorbation Revitation Revolution Credits" ezivumela abemi ukuba bafake iimali kwimisebenzi yasekuhlaleni . Ngokufana nepaki, imiyezo, okanye ubugcisa boluntu, kwaye bafumana ityala eliyifaneleyo ipesenti yotyalo lwabo. UMthetho we-Arensiveland inika i-50% yemali yemisebenzi evunyiweyo, kuquka uqeqesho lwemisebenzi yemisebenzi kunye nezindlu ezinokufikeleleka.

Amatyala Eshishini

Amashishini angafaka ityala ngeminikelo eyenziwa kwiinkqubo ezithile, njengee-drive zesikolo, amanyathelo okuphuhlisa umsebenzi, okanye iminikelo yobugcisa kumathala eencwadi oluntu. Ezi zincomo zisoloko zikhutshelwa kwipesenti yetyala lerhafu leshishini kwaye zifuna ukuba ingeniso yemali ibhaliswe kwisebe lemali karhulumente. Umzekelo, i-Alabama Business Community Prinity Program inika amatyala alingana nama-50% eminikelo yokufanelekela iziseko lwemfundo yasekuhlaleni. Ezi nkqubo azithathi zinciphisa irhafu yeshishini kuphela kodwa zikwaqinisa iprojekthi yemali yequmrhu.

Imfundo Nobuchule Bokufunda

Amaphondo amaninzi anikela ityala ngeminikelo yemali kwimibutho yemfundo exhasa ukuqokelelwa kwabafundi besikolo esizimeleyo abafumana imali ephantsi. Owona mzekelo ubalaseleyo yityala lerhafu karhulumente yeendleko zemfundo, kodwa iinkqubo zomgangatho karhulumente ezifana nezi zaseFlorida nasePennsylvania zivumela ababuthi berhafu ukuba batshintshele inxalenye yerhafu yabo yengeniso yemali karhulumente kwimibutho exhasa imali. Le mali ifuna ukuba abanikeli basebenzise kwi-"ntlangano yezolawulo" evunyiwe ngurhulumente.

Imali yempilo neyoluntu

Amanye amaphondo anikela ityala ngemirhumo yempilo enxulumene nempilo, njengeenkonzo zempilo yengqondo, amaziko okunyangwa kweziyobisi, okanye i-hospin’s Mental Health Credit ivumela abanikeli ukuba bafumane ityala eliyi-50% ngeminikelo kwimizi - mpilo yengqondo eqinisekisiweyo. La matyala anceda ukuxhasa iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo ezisoloko zijongene nemali encinane.

Indlela Yokwaba Nokuzibanga Okunentlawulo

Ukuzibiza ngezi zincomo kufuna ucwangciso olucokisekileyo noxwebhu. Le nkqubo isenokuhluka kakhulu ngokwemeko yesizwe, ngoko kubalulekile ukuqonda iimfuno kulawulo lwakho.

Beka Imbonakalo

Asiyomibutho yoncedo efanelekela ukuthenga irhafu. Amazwana amaninzi agcina uluhlu lwemibutho evunyiweyo, ngokufuthi elinganiselweyo kweyo isebenza kwiqela elinokubaluleka okuphambili kwesizwe (umz., iintsapho ezifumana imali ephantsi, amaxhoba ogonyamelo lwasekhaya), phambi kokunikela, aqinisekise ukuba umnikezi ukwindawo evunyelwe ngurhulumente. I-SCOS IMPCAT Uphendlo lwe-UMbutho we-[ inganceda ekuqinisekiseni imeko yoncedo yama-501(c)(3), kodwa umgangatho we-mvumelo nguluhlu olufunekayo lokutyala.

Fumana isiqinisekiso sangaphambi kweApproject okanye

Iinkqubo ezininzi zikarhulumente ezisebenzayo kwingeniso yokuqala, isiseko esigcinwe ngemali elinganiselweyo yonyaka. Abanikazi kufuneka bafake isicelo sesiqinisekiso setyala phambi kokwenza umnikelo. Isicelo siquka inkcazelo yomnikelo oceliweyo, umbutho, kunye nemali yomnikazi. Xa sivunyiwe, urhulumente unika isiqinisekiso esimele siqukwe kunye nokubuya kwerhafu yakho. Umzekelo, i-Colorado’s Enprise Zoom Prevention Intellion ifuna abanikrweli besatifiketi kumlawuli wecandelo leshishini lasekuhlaleni.

Londoloza Ubungqina Obupheleleyo

Uxwebhu lubalulekile. Gcina imibhalo yazo zonke iirisithi zomnikelo, iziqinisekiso zetyala, iirisithi ezivela kubanikeli-mali (kuquka inani labo lerhafu), kunye nazo naziphi na iileta kwisebe lemali yengeniso karhulumente. Amatyala amatsha - ntliziyo, agcina ingxelo yeeyure esetyenzisiweyo, inkcazelo yemisebenzi, neleta evela kumbutho eqinisekisa inkonzo yakho. I-IRS icebisa ukuba ezi ngxelo zigcinwe ubuncinane kwiminyaka emithathu emva kokubuya kwakho, kodwa amaxwebhu asekelwe kwityala kufuneka agcinwe ngenxa yommiselo opheleleyo wemiqathango (ngokukakhulu iminyaka emithandathu yephondo).

Iifomu Ezifanelekileyo

Amaphondo amaninzi anendlela ethile yokuzibophelela kwityala. Umzekelo, iFomu yaseKhalifoniya yoNyaka yowama-3555 isetyenziselwa "Ityala Lerhafu Lemali Engenayo," ngelixa i-Fold IT-214 ye-New York inikela ngeminikelo kwi-"Accessible Translationstions forces" Inters" isoloko iquka olu cwangciso, kodwa iimali zokubolekisa irhafu ezintlukwano zingafuna ucwangciso lobugcisa. Ukusebenza neCPA okanye i-ofisi ebhaliswe kwirhafu yorhulumente kunye nerhafu yasekuhlaleni (SALT) ukuqinisekisa ucoselelo.

Qonda Ngemiphanda Neziphatho

Ityala elininzi linemiqathango yonyaka (umz. $500 (ii-R1 500 umntu ngamnye, ii-R2 000 ngeshishini) okanye limiselwe ukuhlawula irhafu ehlawulwayo ephezulu. Umzekelo, ityala lemali elifumana umhlala-phantsi lixhomekeke kwicandelo lemali yemali eseleyo kwizibini ezitshatileyo. Ngokufanayo, iityala ezininzi zikarhulumente zinengeniso elinganiselweyo. Ukuba unengeniso ephezulu, kufuneka usasaze iminikelo kwiminyaka emininzi ukuze ungenele kwityala elipheleleyo.

Ukuncitshiswa Kwempembelelo Yakho: Indlela Efanelekileyo Yokwenza Uphando

Xa kukho imali elinganiselweyo nemfuno yokukhuphisana, abahlawuleli kufuneka basebenzise indlela ecwangcisiweyo yokuhlawula iityala zemali zephondo ukuze bafumane iingenelo zombini zemali.

Ulungelelaniso Nesikhuseli Serhafu Sakho

Umsebenzi ngochwepheshe berhafu ekuqaleni konyaka-ngonyaka, ngokubhekiselele kwikota yokuqala .ukuphawula iityala ezikhoyo kunye neminikelo ngokufanelekileyo. Amatyala amaninzi afuna ukuvunywa ngumthetho nyaka ngamnye, kwaye inkxaso-mali ingaphela kwisithuba seeveki zokuqala zonyaka wefatimende lerhafu. Umqhubi wakho angakunceda ukuba ubeke iimali ezizincomo ngemivuzo ephezulu kwaye aqinisekise ukuba uhlangabezana nayo yonke imiqathango yangaphambi kokusetyenziswa kwemali.

Iminikelo Encinane Ngenxa Yomphumo Omkhulu

Ukuba udla ngokwenza iminikelo emincinane emininzi unyaka wonke, cinga ukuba idityaniselwe kwimali enkulu kumbutho onika ityala. Umzekelo, kunokuba unike i-R320 ngenyanga kwibhanki yokutya yasekuhlaleni, yinike i-$200 (R1,200) ngoDisemba ukuba urhulumente uvumela ityala ngaloo ngeniso ingako. Eli cebo likwanciphisa ukugcinwa kwerhafu.

INgxowa-mali eHlolwayo

Abaqeshi abaninzi bahambelana neminikelo yoncedo ngokwemali ethile. Ukuba umqeshi wakho uthembisa ukungqinelana, buza ukuba ingxowa-mali yomnikeli (DAF) ingasetyenziswa kwiminikelo ebhaliswayo. Amanye amaphondo avumela i-DAF ukuba isasaze iminikelo yokwabela imibutho elungelelanisayo ngexesha umnikeli efuna ityala. Noko ke, lumka: i-DAF kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno ze-mo-yomntyelo, kwaye amanye amazwe angayifaki iminikelo ye-DAF kwiinkqubo zayo zetyala.

Cinga Ngexesha Elifutshane Leminikelo

Ityala lerhafu alisoloko lihlawulwa, ngoko ke ufumana inzuzo elingana nerhafu oyityala. Ukuba ulindele ityala eliphantsi lerhafu ngonyaka onikiweyo (ngenxa yomhlala-phantsi, ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi, okanye ukulahlekelwa kweshishini), ungafuna ukulibazisa iminikelo kunyaka xa uboleka imali engaphezulu. Ngokuchaseneyo, ukuba unenzuzo enkulu yexesha elinye (umz., inzuzo yemali eninzi ngokuthengisa ishishini), ukunyusa iminikelo ngaloo nyaka kunganciphisa ukwanda kwerhafu.

Imizekelo yehlabathi lokwenene kunye nezifundo zetyala

Ukuhlolisisa indlela abantu abahlukahlukeneyo abaye bathenga ngayo irhafu kunceda ubani abone indlela ephumelelayo ngayo.

Ityala Lerhafu Elingentle LaseArizona

Ukususela ekusungulweni kwayo ngo-1993, ityala le-Arizona liye lakhokelela kwimibutho efumana imali engaphantsi ka-R3,50-50, kwimibutho efumana abantu abahlawulwayo. Enye inzuzo ephawulekayo yi-"St. Mary’s Food Bank," eyanikela ingxelo yolwando lweminikelo phakathi kweminyaka emibini yolwando lwenkqubo ngo-2015. Uvavanyo oluzimeleyo lwe-Arizona Tax Research Association lwafumanisa ukuba ityala lingenisa i-R3,8 kwiinzuzo ezithelekelelwa kwimali yetyala, ngenxa yeziphumo ezithenjiweyo, ezithiwe yimali e-R36,50, ngenxa yokunciphisa iziphumo zempilo eziphucuthekileyo.

Ityala Lerhafu LaseLouisiana Eliyimbali

ILouisiana inika ityala eliyimbali elixhasa ityala lama-20% karhulumente. Kwisakhiwo sesikolo saseNew Orleans, i-"McDonogh 19", esingekhoyo kangangamashumi eminyaka, saphinda sakhiwa kwizindlu ezinokufikeleleka ezisebenzisa ezi zityala. Lo msebenzi wavelisa imisebenzi yokwakha eli-2020 000 kwaye wagcina imbali ebalaseleyo. Ingxelo yeYunivesithi yaseNew Orleans ibonisa ukuba nyaka ngamnye wezigidi ezingama-$2,2 kumnikelo wemali wemali kaR350 000 kwingeniso nerhafuthe-mali karhulumente kunye nerhafuthe elikummandla ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu.

Ityala Lerhafu Lamatsha - ntliziyo Lokulwa Umlilo EOregon

I-Oregon ivumela abacimi-mlilo bamavolontiya kunye namagcisa ongxamiseko ukuba bancome ii-R2 500 ngonyaka ukuba basebenze ubuncinane beeyure ezili-100. Olu cwangciso luye lwanconyelwa ngokucutha ujiko kumasebe omlilo asemaphandleni ngama-25% (kusukela kwisiseko sama-67% ukuya kuma-42%) ngaphezu kweminyaka emithathu, ngokwe-2021 ngokutsho kohlolisiso lwe-Oregon Shists. Olu qhamfa luye lwabaluleka ngokukhethekileyo kumasebe ekubalelweni kwabemi abambalwa, apho amatsha asebenza ngokuzithandela enzima ngakumbi.

UMthetho Wokunceda Abamelwane BaseMaryland

EBaltimore, umbutho wophuhliso loluntu wasebenzisa ityala lama-50% ukunyusa ii-R22 zezigidi zoqeqesho lomsebenzi kunye neenkqubo zolutsha kwimimandla efumana imali ephantsi. Imali enconywayo evela kubaqeshi abaphambili basekuhlaleni, kuquka i-Fortune 500 yenkampani enikela nge-R120 000. Iinkqubo ezilandelayo zafaka abantu abangasebenziyo abali-10 kwimisebenzi esebenzayo kwaye zanika abantwana abangama-500 abaqeshwa emva kwesikolo. Iphetshana lelizwe elithelekelelwa ukuba i-R35 yemali yetyala likhokelele kwi-R3,10% eh5, ukuhla kwemali yezondyezo zikarhulumente ekuqeshweni kwemisebenzi yezentlalo-mali nemisebenzi yezentlalo.

Iingxaki Nemilinganiselo Yamatyala Erhafu Aselubala

Nangona ziluncedo, ezi ntswane zikho iindleko. Abenzi bemithetho kunye nabarhafu kufuneka basebenzise imithetho entsonkothileyo, baxhase ngemali elinganiselweyo, kwaye basebenzise kakubi.

Iimfuno Ezintsonkothileyo

Imithetho eqengqelekayo yesizwe yenza kube nzima ngabanikeli ukuba bafumane amathuba afanelekileyo. Umbutho ofanelekela ukunconywa kwelinye iphondo usenokungakufanelekeli ukuboleka omnye, nokuba unikela iinkonzo ezifanayo. Oku kuntsonkotha kudinisa ukupha, ingakumbi phakathi kwabantu abangenalo icebiso lerhafu elingochwepheshe. Uhlolisiso lwama-2020 olwenziwa yiAmerican Institute of CPAs lwafumanisa ukuba ama-44% abarhafu abahlawula irhafu yomgangatho ophezulu karhulumente ngenxa yeminikelo, lubalase imfuneko yokufumana irhafulelo oluphezulu.

Ukunqongophala Okulinganiselweyo Nokutya Okuphuma Elanga

Iinkqubo ezininzi zokutyala zinemali yonyaka efunyenweyo yoonobumba (umz., ii-$(50 ezigidi) kulo lonke elo lizwe). Xa isigqubuthelo sifikelelwe, akukho matyala angakumbi afumanekayo de kube ngunyaka olandelayo. Oku kwenza "umzila ukuya ezantsi" apho kuphela abanikeli abanokuthabatha inxaxheba. Ngaphezu koko, iinkqubo ezininzi zinemihla yokutshona kwelanga kwaye zifuna ukuqulunqwa kwakhona yimithetho-siseko, nto leyo ebangela ukungaqiniseki kwabo banikeli kunye nemibutho eyamkelayo.

Izinto Ezinokubangela Ukuxhatshazwa Nokuqhathwa

Ezinye iintlangano ezingekho mthethweni ziye zanyusa amaxabiso okunikela okanye zadala amaqumrhu afuna ityala ngeminikelo engekho mgaqweni. Ngo-2022, uphando lwezombuso oluninzi lwatyhila iqhinga apho abanikeli beluthi bancomela ukubonelela kwi "intlangano yoomatiloshe" enyanisweni enika imali abantwana abanikelayo. Ngokuphendulayo, amaphondo aneemfuno eziqikelelo eziqinileyo, kuquka ukufuna icandelo lesithathu lesiqinisekiso somnikelo kunye neminikelo ebhaliswe kwimibutho enceda intsapho yomni.

Inkxalabo Engaphelelanga

Abahlalutyi bathi ityala lerhafu liyingenelo kakhulu kwingeniso ehlawulwayo eninzi enika irhafu eyaneleyo yokusebenzisa iityala zerhafu ezingahlawulekiyo. Abantu abahlawulwayo abanokungenelwa kakhulu kwinkqubela-phambili yoluntu, abanqabile ukuba babe netyala elaneleyo lokuboleka iityala. Oku kuthetha ukuba iimali zokunikela zinikwe izityebi, ngoxa abantu abafumana iminikelo ngokufuthi ingeniso ephantsi. Amanye amazwe aye athetha oku ngokwenza iityala ezinokuhlawulelwa, kodwa iinkqubo ezinjalo aziqhelekanga ngenxa yeendleko zemali ezihlawulwayo.

Ikamva Lamatyala Erhafu Eerhafu

Imigaqo icebisa ukuba ityala lelizwe liya kuqhubeka liguquka, linezinto ezintsha ezijoliswe ekunyuseni inxaxheba nokulingana.

Ukwanda Kwamatyala Amnandi

Iimeko ezininzi, kuquka iMinnesota ne Vermont, ziye zazama ukwenza iityala ezinokubuyiselwa ngokwenxalenye kwimirhumo ehlawulwa kancinci. Oku kuvumela ityala lerhafu ukuba libe yirhafu "yomvuzo ohlawulayo" ukuba umhlawulayo unetyala elingaphantsi kwemali yetyala. Abaxhasi baphikisa ukuba amatyala ahlawulelwayo yeyona ndlela iphumelelayo yokwenza abantu abahlawulwayo bangaphantsi ukuze banikele, nangona beza nexabiso eliphezulu.

Udityaniso lweblockchain kunye noqinisekiso lwamanani

Ukulwa nokunganyaniseki nokunciphisa imithwalo yolawulo, amanye amasebe emali yemali karhulumente aqhuba iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwibloko zokufumana iziqinisekiso zokubonelela ngemali. Umkhokeli odibeneyo uyakuvumela abanikeli, ababoneleli-mali kunye nabaphathi berhafu ukuqinisekisa ukuba kufanelekile kwetyala ngexesha lokwenene, ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuphinda uphicotho. IColorado yaqalisa inkqubo yomqhubi ngo-2023 ukwenzela "Ityala Lendawo Yokhuseleko" kwaye yanikela ingxelo yonciphicotho lwe-30% kwixesha lokuphicotha.

Amatyala aluhlaza nawasemoyeni

Njengoko imozulu isiba yeyona iphambili, kuvela amatyala amatsha eminikelo "yengcambu" yoluntu. Imizekelo iquka ukunconywa kokunikela kwimibutho etyala imithi, ukuxhasa ngokutsha amandla entsebenziswano, okanye ukuxhasa imisebenzi yokuzinzisa intlalo-ntle (umz., ukubuyiselwa komkhukula). Ityala le-"Green Community Taxity Riss" linika 25% ngeminikelo kwimibutho egunyazisiweyo yezobulungisa bokusingqongileyo.

Urhulumente obhityileyo namatyala omanyano

Abanye abenzi benkqubo bazama iindlela zokuvumela abahlawuleli berhafu ukuba bafumane ityala kunye nemali enconywayo karhulumente ngenxa yomnikelo ofanayo (ongamkelekanga ngoku phantsi koMthetho weNkcitho neMisebenzi weNkcitho). Ukuba uthe wagqithisa, olo tshintsho lunganyusa ngokuphawulekayo ixabiso lokupha, nangona lunganciphisa ingeniso yemali efunyenweyo yelifa lesizwe. Lo mba uyaqhubeka uthanda ukuphikisana kwezobupolitika.

Isiphelo

Irhafu elinconywa ngeminikelo yoluntu limela isixhobo esintsonkothileyo sokuthumela izinto zoburhulumente. Xa sisetyenziswa ngokuphumelelayo, inciphisa iindleko zemali ezithe ngqo zokunika, ukuxhasa iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo zoluntu, nokukhuthaza ingqiqo eyomeleleyo yomsebenzi wentlalo. Noko ke, ukuntsonkotha kwemithetho esebenzayo, inkxaso-mali elinganiselweyo, kunye nomngcipheko wokungalinganiyo kuthetha ukuba abanikelayo kufuneka bafikelele ezi zincomo ngobuchule nangokuceba kakuhle. Ngokuqonda iintlobo zeemali zokuboleka ezikhoyo, ukugcina iirekhodi ezipheleleyo, nokudibanisa iminikelo ngemiqathango yerhafuthe, abantu ngabanye kunye namashishini banokukwandisa ukugcinwa kwabo kwerhafunxa kwabo kunye nempembelelo yabo entle kwimimandla abasebenza kuyo. Njengoko amazwe eqhubeka echaza ukubolekisa iimali, ukubolekisa ii-projective, ukukhuthaza nokulungisa iimfuno, ukukhuthaza ezi zixhobo ezikhoyo ukuze ziphuculwe kwiinkqubo zokukhuthaza ukukhuthaza ukulingana koluntu, kwaye kusetyenziswa ngobulumko, kwaye kunikwe ngobulumko, ngoko kungoko kungoko kufundiswa ngobulumko, kwaye kungoko kufundiswa ngobulumko.