Table of Contents
Ukulawula unxulumano lukawonke wonke ngexesha lengxaki yempilo kawonke-wonke kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni ukuthembana kwabantu, ukuqinisekisa ukusasazwa ngokukhawuleza kolwazi oluchanileyo, nokuxhasa uluntu lonke. Xa kugaleleka ngezongxamiseko zempilo, iindlela zonxibelelwano ezisetyenziswa ngoorhulumente, imibutho yempilo, kunye namaqumrhu obuqu zingakuphembelela ngokuphawulekayo ukuziphatha kukawonke wonke, ukunamathela kwimithetho yezonyango, kunye nokukhuselwa kwenkqenkqeza phambili kokuqhambuka. Imigudu yePR esebenzayo inceda ukudambisa ukuphazanyiswa, ukuphikisana nenkcazelo eyingozi, kunye nokukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwamagunya nabantu. Eli nqaku lichaza iindlela ezingcono zokulawula ulwalamano noluntu kumbandela wempilo kawonke, ukunikela ukhokelo olunokusebenza koogqirha kunye neenkokeli abafanayo.
Ukuqonda Ukubaluleka KwePR Kwingxaki Yempilo Kawonke - wonke
Ngexesha lengxaki yempilo, enoba kungumlwelwe, ukuqhambuka kwentsholongwane entsha, okanye isiganeko esiphawulekayo esinentsingiselo, iziphumo zempilo zingayimomo engqalileyo. Ukucacisa, ukubonakala, kunye nonxibelelwano olufike ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunceda ekulawuleni ingxelo, kunciphisa ukusasazeka kwamarherhe ayingozi, kwaye kukhuthaza ukunamathela kwimigaqo yempilo esekelwe kubungqina. Uphando lubonise ukuba ukuguquguquka okanye ukulibala ukuthumelelana kwemiyalezo kungaphelisa ukuthemba kukawonke-wonke kwaye kukhokelela kwizenzo ezingekho mthethweni, ezinjengokwala ukugonya okanye ukungahoyi imiqathango yokuzikhusela.
Ulwalamano lukawonke-wonke kule meko ludlulela ngapha koko kulawulwa ngamajelo eendaba. Lubandakanya ukunyanzeliswa kwemibutho, unxibelelwano lomngcipheko, unxibelelwano olufaka isithintelo, kunye nolawulo lodumo. Izibonda ziphezulu: inyathelo elinye eliphosakeleyo lingakhulisa uloyiko, lihlazise amaqela achaphazelekayo, okanye lithobe ukuthembeka kwamagunya ezempilo kawonke-wonke. Ngoko ke, iingcali zePR kufuneka zidibanise ukuchana kwezamayeza nokuxelelwa ngobuchule nokusebenza.
Iinkqubo ezizizo zolawulo ezizizo zolawulo loluntu
Ezi ndlela zilandelayo zenza amathambo onxibelelwano olunempumelelo lwengxaki yempilo. Nganye iqinisekiswe yimizekelo yehlabathi yokwenene kunye nokhokelo lobuchule oluvela kwimibutho enjenge Intlangano yempilo yomhlaba wonke kunye ne U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Zimiseleni Iqela Lonxibelelwano Elizahluleleyo Leengxaki
Yenza iqela elisebenza ngokunqamlezileyo elinoxanduva lwazo zonke iintshayelelo ezinxulumene neengxaki, uthungelwano lonxibelelwano, kunye nomanyano lwangaphakathi. Eli qela kufuneka liquke abameli abasuka kwimicimbi kawonke-wonke, kwezonyango okanye kwizobukhokeli benzululwazi, kwisiluleko somthetho, kunye nonxibelelwano lwamanani. Incopho enye yokudibana/imeko yengxaki ecwangcisiweyo yomntu othethaneyo/ummeli wengxaki/inteliso-ms ezidityanisiweyo zenza umngcipheko wokusasazwa kolwazi olungqubanayo kunqamleze imijelo.
Phumeza Ulwazi Oluchanileyo, Olufike ngexesha Nolunokuphunyezwa
Isantya sibalulekile, kodwa ucoselelo akufunekanga lunikezelwe. Ukukhutshwa kohlaziyo okuqinisekisiweyo kucwangciso oluqhelekileyo "ngosuku, okanye kwamaxesha amaninzi ngemini njengoko imeko iguquka", ukugcina uluntu lunolwazi ngeli lixa lunciphisa i-aquator etsala iingcinga. Sebenzisa ulwimi olucacileyo, phepha umkhala ongeyomfuneko, kwaye quka unxulumano olucacileyo kwintshukumo (umz., “Izandla zihlala rhoqo,” “Hlala ekhaya ukuba zikho iimpawu”.
Sebenzisa iqhinga lonxibelelwano lwezixhobo ezininzi
Akukho mjelo mnye ufikelela kumntu wonke. Hlanganisa ijelo logcino-lwazi lwesithethe (iinkomfa zoxinzelelo, iingqungquthela, ushicilelo, uqhagamshelwano, umabonwakude nonomathotholo) kunye namaqonga amanani (amajelo-nkqubo oluntu, iiwebhsayithi ezisemthethweni, amaphetshana e-imeyili, izilumkiso zeselula). Umshicileli wesandi kunye nendlela yeqonga ngalinye: uhlaziyo olufutshane, olubonakalayo lwezibonelelo zentlalo-ntlalo; uhlaziyo olunenkcukacha-mthulelo oluthelwe ngamaphepha eweb; kunye nolufikelelekayo, izinto eziguqulelwe abantu abakwingingqineno olunempumelelo okanye olusezantsi lwamanani.
Yenza Imbonakalo Ecace Ngqo Nokunyaniseka Kube Yeyona Ibalulekileyo
Ukuthemba yeyona mali ixabisekileyo ngexesha lengxaki. Ukuvuma phandle ukungaqiniseki, umngcipheko owaziwayo, kunye naziphi na izithintelo kulwazi lwangoku. Ukuba iimpazamo zenziwe ```Ngomzekelo, ibhoti yovavanyo eliphosakeleyo' okanye impendulo ekhawulezileyo(admit) zilungise ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibonise izenzo zokulungisa. Uwonke-wonke ungakunyamezela ukungaqiniseki kakuhle kunokuba angakunyamezela ukugqunywa okanye ukuvalwa ngesandi esivakalayo.
Ukuxhasa Iinkokeli Zoluntu Neenkuthazo
Ukunxibelelana neinkokeli zasekuhlaleni, amagosa onqulo, iingcali zezonyango, kunye nabaxhasi benkcubeko ukukhupha iingxelo ezingundoqo. La mazwi athembekileyo anokufikelela abantu ababuthathaka okanye abathandabuzayo abanokungawathembi amajelo asemthethweni.
Ukujongwa kwesigwebo sikawonke-wonke kunye nokuzivumelanisa
Sebenzisa izixhobo zokuhlola ijenali, iqonga lokuphulaphula intlalo, kunye nenkqubo yengqiqo yoluntu ukuvavanya indlela abantu abasabela ngayo ngexesha lokwenene. Jonga ukusasazeka kwenkcazelo ephosakeleyo, chaza izinto ezikhoyo, uze ulungise imiyalezo ngokufanelekileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba amarhe ngeziphumo ezingalindelekanga ze-atom athe afumana igalelo, ngokuphandle akhupha ubungqina obucacileyo, obusekelwe kubungqina kwaye umema iingcali kwiintlanganiso ze-Q&A.
Ukulwa Okungaka Nolwazi Oluphosakeleyo
Lungisa iprotocol ekhawulezileyo kwimiba exokayo. Musa ukwandisa ulwazi olubi ngokuluphinda ngaphandle komongo. Endaweni yoko, sebenzisa i “stamente yenyaniso” ufike: chaza inyani echanekileyo kuqala, chaza intsingiselo ephosakeleyo, kwaye emva koko phinda ubhale inyani echanileyo. Isebenzisana nemibutho elungisayo neqonga ukukhangela iflegi okanye ukususa okuyingozi. CDC isikhokelo sendlela yokuthetha ngenkohliso
Amacebiso Okuphumelela Konxibelelwano: ITone, Ububele Novelwano
Ukuncokola ngeengxaki akuthethi nje ngoko ukuthethayo kodwa nendlela othetha ngayo.
Imiyalezo Yemiyalezo Ezahlukileyo
Abaphulaphuli becandelo abanomgangatho oyingozi, ulwimi, ubudala, ijiyografi, kunye nenkcubeko. Isigidimi sabasebenzi abasebenza kwezonyango kufuneka siquke iinkcukacha zobugcisa kunye nemiyalelo esetyenziswayo; isigidimi sikawonke-wonke kufuneka sibe silula kwaye siqinisekise. Sebenzisa iifoto ukuvavanya enoba unxibelelwano lwakho luchaphazela amaqela afana nabazali, abantu abadala, abasebenzi abayimfuneko, okanye abantu abadala.
Kuphephe Ukusetyenziswa Kwezikhewu Namanani Antsonkothileyo
Kwanabaphulaphuli abafunde kakhulu bangazama ukuchaza amagama athetha nge-epidemiology afana ne- “R0,” okanye“umlinganiselo wokufa.” Ukuguqulela ugcino-lwazi kuthelekiso olungaguqukiyo (“umngcipheko uyafana...”) kwaye basebenzise uncedo lwembonakalo njenge graphics, iitshati, kunye neevidiyo ezimfutshane ezichaza i-epidemial. Xa amanani engenakuphepheka, azise ngomo-mongo (umz., “kubantu abali-1000 abanosuleleko, 15 bangafuna ukuhlaliswa esibhedleleni”.
Bonisa Uvelwano Nokuvumela Ukungalawuleki
Iingxaki zempilo kawonke-wonke zibangela uloyiko, intlungu, kunye nokuphazamiseka. Ekuqaleni kothotho okanye gqabaza, vuma ukuchaphazeleka kweemvakalelo. Sebenzisa amabinzana afana neli: “Siqonda ukuba eli lixesha elinzima” okanye“ Abaninzi kuluntu lwethu bayabandezeleka.” U-Empathy lukhuthaza ubuhlobo kwaye lunciphisa imbono yokuba amagunya awedwa okanye ajijiji. Kuphephe kakhulu ukukhanyela okanye ukugxeka ulwimi olunciphisa ukubandezeleka kokwenene.
Ilungiselela Ukutsala Amandla Aphezulu
Qeqesha bonke abathethi ukuba bacombulule imibuzo enobutshaba, kwaye banike iibhokisi zemiyalezo ezicacileyo eziquka izibakala ezingundoqo, imiyalezo engundoqo, kunye namabinzana adityanisiweyo. Ngexesha lodliwano-ndlebe oluphilayo, abantu abathethayo kufuneka bahlale bezolile, bavume xa bengazi mpendulo (ngesithembiso sokulandela), kwaye baphephe ukuqagela. Iingqungquthela eziqinileyo ezidlala ijelo loshicilelo ziluncedo.
Ukwakha Icebo Lonxibelelwano Ngaphambi Kwexesha Lentlekele Elilandelayo
Ukulungiselela kukuphela kwento ebalulekileyo ethintela impumelelo yePR ngexesha lengxaki yempilo. Iintlangano ezizifak' imali kwicebo lonxibelelwano elinamandla kusengaphambili zingathumela imiyalezo kwiiyure ezimbalwa, kunokuba ibe ziimini. Amalungu angundoqo ocwangciso olunjalo aquka:
- Isikhokelo se-active-active-times zemiyalezo ukwenzela ezona meko zinokwenzeka (umz., ukuqhambuka, ukungcoliswa, ukunqongophala kwemiqhano).
- A iqumrhu labaphathi besigqibo eligunyazisiweyo ukuvumela ukhupho olufike ngexesha ngaphandle kweteyipu ebomvu kakhulu.
- Abahlobo boluntu abaziwayo noluhlu lwamazwi athembekileyo asekuhlaleni anokulwandisa uthungelwano olusemthethweni.
- A izibonelelo zempendulo zamanani kuquka iphepha lobunzima kwi-website, ukufikelela kwengxelo yentlalo-ntle yonxibelelwano, kunye nesixokelelwano sezaziso zombhalo/izilumkiso ze-email.
- [[UMTL: 0] Uqeqesho lwemedia lokhokelo kunye neroster ejikelezayo yabathethi abakhoyo ekwaziyo ukuthetha kakuhle iilwimi ezininzi ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- [[Ukwenza imithambo yokulinganisa] iqhutywa minyaka le ukuvavanya isicwangciso phantsi koxinzelelo lokwenene.
Uhlolisiso Lwemeko: Izifundo Ezivela Kukuphazamiseka Kwempilo Kwakutshanje
Isifo se-Ebola so-2014-2016
Ngexesha lesifo se-Ebola, amanyathelo okuqala ekudibaniseni uluntu − njengamaqela ezempilo angaphandle angakhange ajongene nezithethe zasekuhlaleni zokungcwaba kunye nokungathembani. Kamva, unxulumano neenkokeli zasekuhlaleni kunye nokufakwa kwezazi ngemvelaphi yabantu kunye nabanxibelelani namaqela aphendulayo aphucule ngokuphawulekayo ukuthobela. Isifundo: umongo wendawo kunye nolwazi lwenkcubeko angolunako. amaqela esebenzayo ePR.
I-COVID-19 Pandemic (2020-2023)
Isifo se-COVOID-19 sanika zombini iiNtsomi zobuGcisa zomzekelo kunye nezilumkiso. Amazwe anjenge-New Zealand kunye ne-South Korea aphumelela ekulondolozeni ukuthembana okuphezulu koluntu ngokungaguquguqukiyo, ukushwankathelana okucacileyo imihla ngemihla kunye “sikule sandi sidibene”. Ngokuchaseneyo, imiyalezo exubeneyo evela kukhokelo lwesizwe malunga nokusetyenziswa kwesigqubuthelo, unyango, kunye nokusebenza kwe-antibini eyakhokelela ekudideni nasekuhlaseleni. [FLT:] [FLT]] kunye nokulungele ukuma ngapha nakuwo onke amanqanaba karhulumente kuyimfuneko. [[FT:]]NH ukubukeza unxibelelwano lwe-COVD-19] unxibelelwano. [FOD-FT]
Uphumo lwe-Monkeypox (Mpox)
Impendulo ye-mpox yabonisa ixabiso lonxibelelwano olujoliswe kuluntu, olungalusebenzisiyo ubuchule. Ukuxilongwa kolwazi oluphambili oludibanisa intsholongwane kuluntu oluthile ngaphandle koluvo olufanelekileyo kwabangela ukuchachana kwemiqathango yempilo kawonke-wonke kwaye kwaphazamisa imigudu yempilo kawonke-wonke. Abaphathi bempilo yoluntu baxhoma ngokukhawuleza ukuba baququzelele, imiyalezo esekelwe kwinzululwazi ebhekiselwa kwihambo kunokuba ibonwe. Isifundo: sstagma yokonakalisa ukuthemba [[ ngamaxesha onke i-----enjalo i-okanye i-iquququze intsholongwane okanye isifo njengesisongelo kumntu wonke, hayi naliphi naliphi na iqela.
Izixhobo zamanani ezirhwexayo kunye nezonxibelelwano lwentlalo lwengxaki yePR
Amaqonga amanani anezikhuseli ezibini ezikwingxaki yempilo: angasasaza ulwazi olusindisa ubomi ngokukhawuleza, kodwa akwanceda umlilo womlilo usasazeke kwimilo yobuxoki. Nazi iindlela ezingcono zokwandisa iinzuzo ngexa unciphisa ubungozi:
Sebenzisa IiWebhsayithi Neencoko Njengomthombo Wenyaniso
Yenza isebe elizinikeleyo le-website yentlangano yakho eline-Q&As, iibhodi zogcino-lwazi, kunye nezinto ezinokukhuphelwa ngaphandle kwekhompyutha. Qwalasela i-menubot enokuphendula imibuzo eqhelekileyo ngeelwimi ezininzi 24/7, ukunciphisa umthwalo kwii-line ezishushu kunye nokukhulula abasebenzi kwiifowuni ezintsonkothileyo.
Sebenzisa Izixhobo Zokuphulaphula Unxulumano
I-Platforms enjenge Brandwatch, Talkshor, okanye i-Collemtultalem ikuvumela ukuba ujonge incoko, uchonge amarhe aqhelekileyo, kwaye ufumanise inkxalabo yengingqi eshushu yendawo. Sebenzisa olu gcino-lwazi ukwazisa ukhupho lwakho olulandelayo loshicilelo okanye intlanganiso ephilayo.
Qhagamshela Ngokungqalileyo, hayi Ngokusasaza
I-megaphone ye-intanethi ayifanele ibe yenye indlela. phendula imibuzo, nombulelo kubasebenzi abaphambili, inkohliso echanekileyo ngqo phantsi kwesipotimende esikhubekisayo (xa kufanelekile), kunye nomququzeleli uhlala kwintlanganiso ze-Q&A kunye neengcali zempilo. Olu nxulumano lukhutheleyo lubonisa ukuba intlangano inikel ’ ingqalelo kwaye iyakhathalela.
Ilungelelanisiwe Nezihlomelo Ezingundoqo
Zimisele ulwalamano nokhuseleko lwezikhundla zezentlalo ezithembekileyo nolutsha ngaphambi kwengxaki.
Ukukwazi Ukufikelela Kwi - PR Ngexesha Lengxaki Yempilo
Awunako ukulawula oko ungakulinganisiyo. Umlinganiselo wemilingo odlula ngaphaya kwemveliso elula (umz., inani lokucofa okukhutshwayo) kunye nothimbo lwesiphumo kunye nesiphumo.
Ukufikelela kweNkcukacha nokuzibandakanya
Ukukhangela iiwebhsayithi, izinto eziboniswa ngabantu, imibandela yeUTM nokuchaza imigaqo eqingqiweyo ukuze ubone ukuba yiyiphi eyona mijelo iqhuba imoto ingena kwiphepha lakho lentlekele.
Uphando Olubangelwa Kukuqonda Nendlela Oziphatha Ngayo
Sebenzisa uphando olufutshane kwi-intanethi okanye abaphulaphuli ukulinganisa ukuba abantu bayayiqonda kusini na imiyalezo yakho engundoqo kwaye bazimisele ukulandela ukhokelo. Umzekelo, emva kwephulo lokugoma, buza u- “Ngaba ngoku uyazi ukuba uza kugonywa phi na?” kunye no-“ Ufuna ukugonywa kwiiveki ezimbini ezilandelayo?”
I-Monitor Trust kunye noMgwebo
Sebenzisa izixhobo zokuhlola indlela ovakalelwa ngayo ukuze ulandelele iinguquko ekuthembeni uwonke-wonke kunye nesandi sombilini (umz., umsindo, uloyiko, ithemba) ngapha koko uthetha ngentlangano yakho. Kwakhona, landela imixholo engundoqo yamajelo eendaba, ingaba iintatheli zichaza indlela osabela ngayo njengefanelekileyo okanye enesiphithiphithi?
Isantya sokujika kunye nocoselelo
Linganisa ixesha phakathi kwesiganeko (umz., ityala eliqinisekisiweyo) kunye nengxelo yokuqala kawonke-wonke yentlangano yakho. Thelekisa ixesha lakho kwimiboniso yebhedi. Kwangaxeshanye, hlolisisa inkcazelo yakho epapashiweyo qho malunga neempazamo eziyinyaniso kunye nokuzigxeka.
Ukucingisisa Ngempilo Ngengxaki Yonxibelelwano
Iingozi zempilo kawonke-wonke zidla ngokunyanzelisa ukuthengwa okunzima phakathi kwesantya, ubuqu, ukubonakala, kunye nobuzali.
- [[Umthetho:0] Zilawule: Kuphephe ukuthetha ulwimi olufanayo; nikeza izizathu zokuncomela nokuhlonela amandla abantu okwenza ukhetho olunolwazi.
- [[UMTL:0] Ukhuseleko lwemfihlo: Musa ukuchaza ngokobuqu ulwazi lwempilo olubonakalayo ngaphandle kwemvume, ngaphandle kokuba kufunwa ngokusemthethweni kwaye kuyimfuneko ngokupheleleyo kwimpilo kawonke-wonke.
- Ipromote eququzelelayo: iqinisekisa ukuba unxibelelwano lufikelela kumgangatho osezantsi kwaye lungaphantsi kwabemi abangaphantsi,] hayi kuphela abo batyibilikayo ngesiNgesi okanye ngonikezelo kwi Internet.
- [[FLT: 0] Khuphisana noloyiko: Ngexa kubalulekile ukudlulisela ubukhali, ukudlala ingozi kakhulu kunokubangela uvalo nokuphazamisa isenzo sokwakha. Ukulungelelanisa izilumkiso namanyathelo acacileyo abantu abanokuwathatha.
- Ukunika imbonakalo ngokungaqiniseki: Xa idata ingaphelelanga, yithi ngokunyaniseka, kunokuba wenze izithembiso zobuxoki okanye unike iintelekelelo njengentelekelelo.
Ulawulo lokubuyiselwa kwexesha elide emva kwengxaki
Xa isigaba esibukhali sengxaki yempilo siphela, umsebenzi wonxibelelwano noluntu awupheli. Idume elide lombutho ("ukuba lisebe lezempilo, isibhedlele, okanye inkampani ethambisa amayeza"ixhomekeke kwindlela eliye layisingatha ngayo imeko yongxamiseko nendlela eliguquka ngayo libuyele kwixesha lokuchacha.
Yenza Impinda Yasemva
Ukuhlanganisa iqela ukuhlolisisa oko kusebenzayo, okungasetyenziswanga, kunye nenkqubo efuna ukuphucula.
Ukuthembana Ngokuqhubeka Ubonisa Imbonakalo
Uninzi lwabantu lufanele luzibonele phantsi iinkqubo zokuhlola, izifundo ezifundiweyo, nokulungiselela izinto eziza kulusongela kwixesha elizayo.
Inkumbulo egciniweyo
Yenza incwadi yokudlala yengxaki elandelayo ukuze ungalahlekelwa yizifundo xa amalungu eqela etshintsha.
Ukuzuza Imfundo Kawonke - wonke
Sebenzisa uphando olungakumbi lukawonke-wonke olubangelwa yile ngxaki njengesixhobo sokukhuthaza ukucoceka kwezandla, ukugoma, nokuphefumla, nasemva kokuba isisongelo sidlule. Oku kugcina abantu behleli bekulungele ukucoca izandla.
Isiphelo
Ukulawula ulwalamano lukawonke-wonke ngexesha lengxaki yempilo kawonke-wonke yenye yezona mbopheleleko zilucelomngeni kakhulu ekunokujamelana nazo nayiphi na ingcali yonxibelelwano. Izithintelo zokwenza uwonke-wonke, ukuziphatha kwempilo, kunye nobomi obungaphezulu. Ngokuseka iqela lengxaki yentlekele enikezelweyo, ngokunika ulwazi olufike ngexesha elifanelekileyo noluchanileyo, ngokusebenzisa amajelo amaninzi anokubonakalisa ulwazelelelo, ukuhlola nokulungisa intelekelelo, nokulungiselela kusengaphambili, intlangano ingaqhuba le ngxaki ngokuthembeka nangovelwano. Izenzo ezingcono ezichazwe apha, ezifundiswa zizifundo ezivela kwiziphumo zokwenene zehlabathi kwaye zixhaswa zimagosa ezempilo, zinika igxatya lokukhusela impilo yoluntu nodumo oluphambili xa kuthelekiswa . Unxibelelwano olunempembelelo aluyo olubalulekileyo aluyoyoyoyoyoyonwabisayo; luyiyo indlela yokusabela kwempilo kawonke-wonke-wonke.