Indima YoNondyebo waseOstreliya Ekuzinziseni Kwezoqoqosho

I-Australian Treasurer ingunobangela ophambili wezoqoqosho kunye nombutho womanyano lwezoqoqosho, ijongene nobuchule bokwalathisa urhulumente kwiinkqubo zemali, ulawulo loqingqo-mali, kunye neziguqulo zesakhiwo. Ngexesha lamanqam ehlabathi. "njengengxaki yemali] ka 2008, indyikitya yeCHOVID-19, kunye nenkqubo yezentengiselwano ze-Phondo zibalulekile ekulungiseni i-TSMGP, ukukhusela umsebenzi, nokugcina impilo yemali kawonke-wonke. Eli nqaku lihlola izixhobo ezingundoqo kunye nezakhiwo zemali ezisetyenziswayo, urhwebo-oxilongo-lu , kunye nezikolo ezifunyenwe kwiimeko ezikhoyo.

Inkqubo yezorhwebo njengelayini yokuqala yokhuselo

Eyona nto isetyenziswa yiBhayibhile ingumgaqo-nkqubo othe ngqo: ukuhlengahlengisa iindleko zikarhulumente nerhafu ukuphembelela iimfuno ezithe kratya. Kwingxaki, iNgxelo yeMali incomela amanyathelo okwandisa, kuquka inkcitho engakumbi kwizibonelelo, ukufuduswa kwezentlalo, kunye nenkxaso yengeniso engqalileyo, ngaphandle kokuhlangulwa kwerhafu yexeshana.

Abalondolozi Abazenzekelayo Ngokuchasene Neziphene Zobulumko

Inkqubo yerhafu nentlalo-ntle yase-Australia iqulathe izinzisi ezizenzekelayo ezizinzileyo , umzekelo, irhafu yengeniso eqhubekayo kunye neengenelo zokungaqeshwa kwemisebenzi . kwaye, ngexesha lokothuka okukhulu. Noko ke, ngexesha lemeko yemali enzima, iveliswa yindawo yokuxhasa iimpahla ezinika uncedo. I-202021-191 CHOVID, equka umgangatho wentlawulo wenkonzo yempumlo, uYobhi Wenteer zongezo zoncedo, kunye nenkcitho yesiseko semali, yayiphakathi kolwando oluphezulu lwenkqumlo embalini yase-Australia. Imodeli ye-operal-out, ejonge ukulondoloza ingeniso yendlu nokukhusela ukuvingcelwa kwemicimbi yezoshishino.

Izakhiwo kunye nokuveliswa kwemali

Imisebenzi yesiseko sexesha elide, njengeepaseji ezinokuhlaziywa zamandla, kunye nokudityaniswa kwamanani, zisebenza zombini njengenkxaso efutshane nenkxaso enikwa ixesha elide kunye nophuhliso lwemveliso ende. Imari isoloko esebenza norhulumente worhulumente kunye noorhulumente bemimandla ukuqhubela phambili imvume yeprojekthi kunye nokurhoxiswa kwemali, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhuthazo lufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwezoqoqosho. Umzekelo, i-Infraclactive Information Investicement Information Program, esetyenziswa ngeSebe le-Infractivealiclation (ukulungele ukwenziwa kwemibutho ye-ooooooooovimba bemali), inika amawaka ezigidi zendlela, izibonelelo zezentengo, kunye nezixhobo zokuhlola imekobume yentlalo-ntlalo, kunye neeziphumo zobume zoluntu ezihamba ngexesha longxamiseko.

Ukuhlanganiswa kweBhanki yeReserve yaseOstreliya

Ulawulo lwemeko enzima lufuna imilinganiselo esebenzayo neyokutsala imigaqo-nkqubo yemali ejongene nokusebenza ngendlela enye. Iveta-mali igcina ulwalamano olusondeleyo nomanyano lwe-Reserve Bank yase-Australia (RBA) esebenzayo. Ngexesha leengxaki, i-RBA inciphisa isantya semali (inokuthi iphumeze amanyathelo angeyontsolo afana nokuqatselwa okanye ukukhutshwa kwegophe lokulawula), ngelixa iveliswa kwemali ebolekisiweyo. Oku kunceda i-RBA i-RBA ibonelela ngezixhobo ezifunekayo kwimisebenzi yokuthengisa. Ngo-2020, i-etheko yandisa izibophelelo zayo ziphawuleka ngendlela ephawulekayo, yenza ukuba iRBA ikwazi ukuphatha izinto ezinkulu ezithengiswayo ezidityaniswe ngemali. Oku kwanceda ukuboleka kwemali nokuboleka kwezindlu ezisemizingond.

Ulawulo lwamatyala nokuzinziswa

Ngeli xesha inkqubo yemali ijolise kubuchule obufutshane bokuzinzisa, iNgcitha-mali kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba ukuboleka kukarhulumente kuhlala kuqinile. Umlinganiselo wamatyala kaRhulumente wase-Australia ukuya ku-GDP wanyuka ukusuka malunga nama-20% phambi kwe-CHOVAD-19 ukuya ngaphezu kwama-40% kwi 2021. Ubuchule be-Motional matermmart fiscal bujolise ekuzinziseni nasekunciphiseni ityala ngokuthe ngcembe njengoko i-ezoqoqosho liphinda libuyela, ngaloo ndlela ukulondoloza intengo yokhuseleko nomlinganiselo wetyala we-AAAAAAA (othe yaphinda yaphinda yaphinda yaziswe ngu-40%, Moody’s, kunye ne-Fitch). I-BUR. Ngokuthelekelela i-BDS

Inkxaso ejoliswe ekuyilweni kumahlelo nakumaBhunga

Kumacala aphezulu amacala eemacro yezoqoqosho, ukwenziwa kweMoove kunye nokusetyenziswa kwecandelo lecandelo le-Centu elinentsingiselo elithetha ngqo ngemeko ezithile ezibangelwa ziimeko ezimaxongo ezahlukeneyo.

Umlondolozi Womsebenzi Nezininzi Zekhonavirus

Ngexesha lesifo, iMooker yaqengqeleka i- udweliso lwe-Job Presenter lwemiqathango yemali ebharhiweyo ehlawulwa abaqeshi abafumana unciphiso olubalulekileyo. Le nkqubo inye yaxhasa phantse abasebenzi abasisi-3.8-zigidi kunye namashishini angaphezu kwesigidi, ithintela ukubekwa nokugcinwa komthengiswa wabasebenzi. I-Coronavirus Esongelwe abamkeli bomsebenzi, iphinda-phinda-phinda intlawulo olusisiseko. Le nkqubo yenziwe ngemiqathango enzima yokuhlisa ukuqhatha, kodwa kwafuneka ukuba ikwazi ukuhambelana ngokukhawuleza kwezolawulo , kodwa kwafuneka ukuba kube lucelha ucelomngeni olukhawuyo oludityaniswayo nge-o-omatiko lwe-Ost Rhost (ATO).

Inkxaso: Imali, iiNkundla, kunye neNkxaso

Amashishini amancinane (SMEs) asisiseko soqoqosho lwama-Australia, aqesha malunga nama-44% abasebenzi bamacandelo angawabo. Ngexesha lamacandelo azimeleyo, bajamelana neengxaki ezimandundu zokuhamba kwemali. I-Moota yazisa i-SME Recovery Loan Scheme, inikela iimali-mboleko eziphantsi ku-2009 ezi-emali, kunye ne-Booser Sound Sounds Cookers for Preamers, eyanika irhafumza-mali ehlawulwa yimali ehlawulwa yimali ehlawulwa yimali ehrandisiweyo, ehlawulwa yimali ehlawulwa yi-R30,000. Intengo zemali (ilahleko epheleleyo yexeshana epheleleyo yempahla efunyenweyo)-----odmigdrose.

Inkxaso Yemisebenzi Ebalulekileyo

Ngexesha lesifo, iTree ibone amashishini achuliweyo abalulekileyo , amaziko okukhenketha, iindwendwe, iinqwelo-moya, kunye nokunyanyekelwa kwamadoda amadala .

Utshintsho Oluye Lwaphuculwa

Ukulawulwa kweengxaki akungoncedo nje olufutshane lwethuba elimalunga ne - 69term; kwakhona iNkcitho yemali ixhasa iinkqubo zesakhiwo ezinciphisa ukuchanabeka kwezoqoqosho ekungxwelerhekeni kwekamva.

Ukwakha Izigcini Zethutyana

Phambi kwesifo esingubhubhani, i-Moota yacebisa oorhulumente ngokulandelelanayo ukuba banciphise ukuncitshiswa koqingqo-mali kunye nokwakhiwa kwakhona kwegumbi lokusebenza. INgxowa-mali yexesha Elizayo . yamiselwa ngo- 2006 ukuhlangabezana neengxaki zikawonke-wonke zexesha elizayo ze-gravisionusduanus (ukumisela umzekelo. Ngexesha le-GFC, i-Australia yangena ekuwohlokeni kwetyala eliphantsi kunye nomlinganiselo wokutshintshana kwesantya, okuvumela ukusabela okukhawulezileyo kwemeko yoqingqo-mali. Ngoku i-mali yemali ikhuthaza ukugcinwa kwe-dataterm fiscal, ngokokuba ixesha elifanelekileyo likho kwingxaki ezayo kwixesha elizayo. Ingxelo ye-202324 ye-International igxininisactives syndropoints, inkcureances, kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu, iqinisekisa ukuba iingozi zexesha elizayo zihlangane nobunzima obukhoyo.

Ukwahlula Isiseko Sezoqoqosho

ITree ixhasa ukwenziwa koshishino oluninzi ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuthembela kwicandelo elinye, njengeyendawo yokumbiwa. Imithetho-siseko iquka izikhuthazo zerhafu ze-R&D, ukwenziwa kwezibonelelo zobugcisa zamazwe angaphandle, kunye nenkxaso kushishino oluvelayo njengamandla avuselelweyo, ubugcisa bezonyango, kunye neenkonzo zamanani. I-Othermenti cosadad abalungiseleli bophando neNkquluko lweTshayina, ekhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwerhafu-gazi. Uqoqosho oluneyo oluneethe ngokuqhelekileyo luyakwazi ukutshintsha ukuphazamisa ukuqukumbela, nokuba luphuma kwixabiso lemali ehlawulwa okanye ukunikezela kwe-73.

Urhwebo lwe-labhour lunokufumaneka ngokulinganayo kunye ne-net yokhuseleko

Ngexesha lobhubhani, iTreator yaphawula ukuba urhwebo lwabaqeshwa lwaphuculwa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunokuba kwakulindelwe, ngenxalenye kuvuzo oluthambileyo lwenkqubo kunye neemfuno zophicotho ezidibeneyo zabakhangeli bomsebenzi. Ngoku iMoney ihlola utshintsho kwinkqubo yokhuseleko lwentlalo-ntle, `njengentshayelelo ezenzekelayo enyusa ukurhoxa kwemali ngexesha lobuhlwempu bezoqoqosho [1] njengokuba ithenjiwe uHen Henry Taxic Review. Iprojekthi enjalo izakukhawulezisa ukunikezelwa kwenkxaso ngaphandle kokufuna umthetho omtsha ngexesha ngalinye elinzima.

Iingxaki Nezorhwebo

Akukho lucwangciso lwengxaki yokuphathwa kwenqanawa lungenazingxaki. Uveliswa-mali kufuneka aqhubeke elungelelanisa izinto eziphambili: ukhuthazo olukhawulezileyo kunye netyala lexesha elide, ukuphumelela kwentengiso kunye nokuphatha ngesantya esimeleneyo.

Amatyala Kawonke - wonke Nolungelelwano

Umlinganiselo wamatyala onyusiweyo ngokungenakuphepheka wandisa amatyala kawonke-wonke. Ngoxa umlinganiselo wamatyala e-Australia uhlala usezantsi ngemigangatho yezizwe ngezizwe (ingxelo ye-IMF ehambe phambili kwezoqoqosho malunga ne-110%), kukho ubungozi bokwenene bokuba amatyala amakhulu aza kuthintela ubuchule boorhulumente bexesha elizayo bokuphendula. Ngaphezu koko, iindleko zokulungisa ityala (nakwimali yomvuzo omncinane) zisebenzisa ubuncwane bemali obunokusetyenziswa kwimpilo, imfundo, okanye isiseko soqoqosho. Ingxelo yemali yemali yemali yemali yemali ekhoyo [FTLT:0] i-2023 ye-International Report [[ ilumkisa ukuba ngaphandle kwemali eqinileyo, inzala enyukayokukhuphule kwezoqoqosho. Ngoko ke abaxhasi bemali bendlela entle yokufumana umgangatho ophezulu emva kwengxaki.

Abathandi benkqubo ye-monetia

Ukhuthazo olugqithisileyo lwemali lungagqithisa uqoqosho, ingakumbi xa ludityaniswe nenkqubo yemali engekho mthethweni. Ngo-2022-24, ulungiso lwemali lwasemva kwe-preṕpandemic lwakhokelela kunyuko olukhawulezileyo kunyuko lokunyuka kwamaxabiso (ukuphinda-phindeka kwi 6,1% phakathi kwe-200222). I-Treasure kunye ne-RBA kwakufuneka inyuse inzala, ngelixa i-RBA iqalile ukurhoxa nokutshintsha uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali. Olu lwabiwo-mali lunganqanda ukunyuka okuchithwa ngokukhawuleza, ukuba kungakunga ukuphucula ukunyuka, ukunyuka. Imali isebenzisa iimodeli ezixelweyo (njengeentlobo zemacrozimfo) ukuvavanisa iimpahla zobungakanani bayo.

Iingozi Zezobupolitika Nezokuphumelela

Imeko yemeko-ntle ifuna imvume ephezulu yepalamente, engenisa ukungaqiniseki kwezobupolitika. INgxelo yemali isebenza ngaphaya korhulumente ukuqinisekisa inkxaso ye-bipartisan yeemilinganiselo yongxamiseko, kodwa oku akusoloko kufunyanwa. Ngaphezu koko, uzalisekiso lwenkqubo olukhawulezileyo lungakhokelela kwiimpazamo zolawulo okanye ukuqhatha. Udweliso lwenkqubo yeSebe leNqanda, umzekelo, laba nexabiso eliphezulu lokuthobela kunye nokuvuza kwiminyango engahlangabezanangangqubani namanani okwenyaniso engqinelanayo ekwakheniseni ulawulo kunye noyilo lwenkqubo yenkqubo (umz., ukuvelisa intengo yemali ehlawulo ehlawulwayo) kwimibango yengozi kamva.

Ukulungelelaniswa kobuRhulumente

Ukwakhiwa kwelizwe lase-Australia kuthetha ukuba amazwe kunye nemimandla ikwanendima ebalulekileyo yenkcitho yempilo, yemfundo, yesiseko, kunye neyobupolisa. Ngexesha lengxaki, i-Otherine kufuneka ilungelelanise nemisebenzi yombuso ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zesizwe nezorhulumente azingqubani. Umzekelo, imida yombuso iyavaleka ngexesha lengxaki yokungazaliseki kwemiqathango, ukucutha kwemfuno yeMooral 76stimulus. IBhunga elikwiFederal Financial Peance Relation, elimiswe nguNobhala-mali weSizwe, liye laba ngumbango obalulekileyo ekulungiseni izinto eziza kuqala. Noko ke, ukungavumelani iimbopheleleko zokuxhasa imali (um.g., ngenxa yokunyuka kwesikhundla sesibhedlele) lihlala lingumphandleko.

Oko Sikufundayo Kwiimeko Ezingokwembali

Indlela yeNkcitho yemali iye yaphuculwa kangangamashumi eminyaka eengxaki.

Ingxaki yezemali Ehlabathini Lonke (2007-09)

I-Australia yakuphepha ukurhoxa kwemali ngexesha le-GFC, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuma okunamandla kokuqala nokuhanjiswa kwemithetho ngokukhawuleza kwempahla exhobisayo (kuquka imali ehlawulwayo kwizindlu, kwimisebenzi yokwakha, kunye nenkcitho). I-Ofisi yafunda ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwemali kwizindlu eziphantsi kwe-24infection kunegalelo eliphezulu (ngoknanjalo 88.0) kuba abamkeli bachitha imali eninzi ngokukhawuleza. I-GFC ikwabalaselisa nokubaluleka kwecandelo eliphilileyo lemali ebhankini. //i-Tshopu yaxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zeRBA, yazakhono zemali, yazamkela i-RBA i-Antaneti.

I-COVID 7619 Pandemic (2020-22)

Isifo esingumqhaphu safuna impendulo ekhawulezayo, ebanzi kwimbali yase-Australia. Ukufuzisela kwe-vector kwemeko yezoqoqosho (ukusebenzisa imodeli ye-NMADD, ulwakhiwo lwe-stachastic jikelele luncedise ukulungelelanisa isikali sesakhono. Ulwakhiwo olungundoqo luquka intlawulo yeqonga le Yobhi Egcina ingeniso encinci, isantya semali kubaqeshi, kunye nonyuselo lwendlela yokuhlawula inkqubo ye-Picelo yoMsebenzi omnye ekhankanyiweyo ukunikezela ngethuba elisondele ku-62011. I-Trecureal Busingsting Plan ixhasa i-eCOMmerce, eyanceda amashishini amaninzi ajikelezayo kwi-intanethi. Isifundo esingundoqo: imicimbi engaphezu kwesantya esigqibeleleyo esijongiweyo, kunye nonyusokunyuso sithintela ngokukhawuleza ipara ezinto ezisini ezisini ezisigxiweyo.

ISurge yokuZalisa iPhost_pandemic (22-24)

Njengoko uqoqosho luye lwavuseleleka kwaye lunika izithintelo ezingakumbi zoqoqosho, kwafuneka iveliswa leegiyeri zisuka kwifunwe eliphambili. Yasebenza kunye neRBA ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaxabiso emali aphezulu (ukuqhubeka kweenkqubo zokwexeshana, ukubuyela ekuhlawuleni imali eseleyo) ayingqubananga nokuqina kwemali. Uhlahlo-mali lwaMali ka-20232324 lwazisa iibhiliyoni zemali, ezokuqala kwiminyaka eli-15, eqhutywa ngokwenxenye ngamaxabiso aphezulu nokungaqeshwa. Ucelomngeni lwale nyaka lwalunokulungelelanisa imfuneko yokulwa nokwanda kobutyebi bemali eninzi, eyathimba enzima kakhulu ngokunyuka kwexabiso lokuphila. Imali eyaveliswayo ingezoncedo oluphezulu, ukuqesha kwemali ehlawulwayo, ukuqesha kwanda, ukuqesha kwemali, ukuqesha kwemali ehlawulwa nokusetyenziswa kwemali esetyenziswa ngokuphantsi kwemali.

Iindlela Zexesha Elizayo Neengozi Ezimandundu

Iveliswa-mali ayithethi ngempumelelo edlulileyo. Isoloko ivavanya imithombo emitsha yezoqoqosho, kuquka ukutshintsha kwemozulu, ukusongelwa kwekhompyutha, ukutshintsha kwamanani abantu nokuqhekeka korhwebo lwehlabathi lonke.

Imozulu Ebhadliwe

I-Australia ibekwe kwingozi yomzimba (iimozulu edaliweyo, imililo etshileyo, izikhukula) kunye nomngcipheko wotshintsho (njengoko amaqabane orhwebo ehla izithuba). Iseketi iqalisile ukudibanisa iimeko zemozulu kwiingxelo zayo zezoqoqosho ezinde ze-1966. Ingxelo ye-Internationalevational iquka isahluko sobungozi obunxulumene nemozulu, ukulinganisela ukuba ngaphandle kokukwazi ukutshintsha, i-GDP yase-Australia ingehla i-6% nge-2100. I-Trenter ikwaxhasa ukuphuhliswa kwendlela yesizwe yokuzinzisa ne-planga eliluhlaza i-[havid] i-irlective i-evoney i-eventiney is isss ukuxhasa ukutshintsha kwemisebenzi esebenzayo.

Ukuzinza nokuzinza kwemali

Uhlaselo olukhulu lwezibonelelo zezezimali ezichaphazelekayo lungabangela ingxaki yenkqubo. Iveksi yemali incedisana neGunya loMlawuli woLawulo lwe-Australia (APRA) kunye neKhomishini yoKhuseleko noKhuselo lwe-Astralia (ASIC) ukuze iqinise ukuqina. INgxelo yeSebe ikhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwenkqubo yesizwe yokuzichaza kwamanani (mGavid), nto leyo enokuthi inciphise ukuqhatha nokuzinika ingeniso ngexesha lentlekele. Kodwa, ukulingwa nokuzimela kwemali kudinga ukuyila ngobuchule imigaqo-mthetho.

Ingcinezelo Yomfanekiso

Abemi base-Ostreliya bayakhula, benolwahlulo lwabantu abaneminyaka engama-65 ubudala abathenjiwe ukuba banyuke ukusuka kwi 16% kwi-2020 ukuya kwi-24% ngo-2065. Oku kuya kwandisa ukuchithwa kwemali yokunyanyekelwa kwabadala, impilo, kunye nemihlala-phantsi, njengoko ihla isiseko serhafu. Iingxelo zemali zeNguquko zigxininisa imfuneko yemveliso (umz., kwimfundo nakumgangatho wesiseko) kwaye mhlawumbi zitshintshela kwinkcitho okanye kwimpatho yeminyaka yobudala. Ingxaki exhobileyo kufuneka ibangele ezi zibangele ezi zimo zokwakha, njengoko abemi abakhulileyo behlisa i-6672,marketet ekhoyo ukusabela ekumothukeni.

Iingozi zezopolitiko nokhuseleko lorhwebo

Njengoko ukuthelekisa kwe-US.Cinina kusanda nokuqhekeka korhwebo, ukuthembela kwe-Ostreliya kwizinto ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe (ingakumbi intsimbi, amalahle, kunye neenkonzo zemfundo) kuba bubungozi. Abameli beMali bezoshishino lokurhweba kwamanye amazwe (ngezivumelwano zorhwebo ne-Indiya, i-EU, ne-Southern Asia) kunye nenkxaso yokuyila izakhiwo zasekhaya (inkqubo yale mihla esetyenziswayo). I-Othermente ikwayimodeli yeziphumo ezinokwenzeka ze-tabriffrians, imvume, kunye nokunikezela ngo-‘unichain'ssss' ezithentinalo wind GDP. Ngo-2023, i-Treasureary yakhupha uhlolo olubanzi lwexabiso lwemali lwenkxuwaleko kuMatshi aseMzantsi , i-Tshayina, i-celcessss efuna ukulungiselela ukuxona i-ombolo.

Isiphelo

I-Australian Treasurement ivelise isixhobo esintsonkothileyo sokulawula i-ENC ngexesha leengxaki zezoqoqosho ehlabathini lonke, ukudibanisa ukhuthazo olunamandla lwe-trimterm, ukuxhotyiswa kwecandelo :inkxaso ekhethekileyo, kunye neenguqu zesakhiwo ezinde ze-graditerm. Ubuchule bayo bokusebenzisana neRBA, oorhulumente belizwe, kunye nemibutho yezizwe ngezizwe ibonise ukuba ikho kwiimeko ezimaxongo-ntle, ukusuka kwi-GFC ukuya kwi-CUP, intrayP, kodwa ingxaki nganye ityhila iingxaki ezintsha zenkqenkqeza, ukulondolozwa kwemali, ukulondolozwa kwemiqathango, ukugcinwa kwemiqathango yezopolitiki, kunye nokuvela kweengozi ze-e-ethemiqatha yemeko-mali. Ubuchule be-Australia, kunye noomatisi-ontarha, amava anika amava ee-emomente eemo yoqoqo lemeko ezoqoqosho nempumelelo.