Ukuzinzisa ingxubusho ngexesha lolawulo kudla ngokuzisa enye indlela ephumelelayo yokuthetha ngokuzeleyo. Ngeli xesha ithemba lokuthetha phantsi komthunzi wombutho karhulumente okanye iqumrhu elilawulayo lingaziva lingoyiki, icebo elicwangcisiweyo livumela amaqela ukuba alungise iingxabano ngokukhawuleza, anciphise iindleko zolu tshintsho, kwaye alondoloze ulwalamano lomsebenzi. Impumelelo ixhomekeke kubuchule obungeyonkcitho obugqithisileyo bokuthelekisa kwaye ukuqonda amandla akhethekileyo omthetho wolawulo, ulungiselelo olucokisekileyo, kunye nokukulungela ukuyila izisombululo zokwakha. Ngasezantsi kusetyenziswa ekuncedeni nikwazi ukuqhuba ezi ngxoxo ngokunempumelelo nokufikelela kwisivumelwano esilungileyo.

Ukuqonda Imeko Yendlebe Yolawulo

Izakhono zolawulo zahluke kakhulu kwilixa lokuphendula loluntu. Igosa elilawulayo. (______esoloko ligwebi lomthetho (ALJ) okanye igosa elivayo) linolwazi olukhethekileyo lombandela ophathekayo kwaye lingabotshelelwa yimithetho esesikweni yobungqina. I-Accounting zisoloko zineenkqubo zokulungisa, namagqwetha okanye abameli abanikezeli abanikezelweyo abalungiselelwe ukufihla isiphene. Phambi kokungena nayiphi na inkqubo yenkonzo, ukuziqhelanisa neenkqubo ezithile zombutho othile, kuquka igunya lawo lokuhlala kunye neemfuno zolawulo oluyimfuneko. Umzekelo, ulawulo lokhuseleko lobugqaliselo lunikela iinkqubo ezicwangcogciphelo olucwangcisiweyo zobugociphelo lwesiphene luthiye luthi vume ukuvumelana nobuchule bakho. [[FLct:1]

Ukongezelela, qwalasela iingcinezelo zezobupolitika okanye zenkqubo ezijongene nombutho. Umbutho ophantsi kolawulo olutsha okanye uphando lukawonke-wonke usenokuba ukulungele ukuzinza. Ngokufanayo, amanye amaqumrhu anemithetho ebekwe kwiipekethi ezihlaliweyo okanye afune imiqondiso esuka kumagosa akwimigangatho ephezulu. Ukuqonda ezi ngxaki kukuvumela ukuba umisele izinto ezilindelekileyo uze uphephe imigaqo emiselwe yiqumrhu elingenakwamkelwa ngokusemthethweni.

Khangela Izinto Ezibangela Iqela Libe Nempembelelo

Amasebe karhulumente azimisele ukukhusela oovimba babantu nokugcina umgaqo-siseko. Abaququzeleli bawo bangamisela umzekelo ocacileyo kwintelekelelo yemali. Isivumelwano esimisela ingxelo ekhathazayo yolawulo sinokuba asimkeleki, nokuba isiko likulungele ukulalanisa kwimali eseleyo. Ngokuchasene noko, amaqela azimeleyo asoloko egxininisa ekunciphiseni ukuphazamisana kweshishini, ekuphepheni ukuphoxeka kwabantu, okanye ekunciphiseni ityala lexesha elizayo.

Ibalulekile Ilungiselelo

Ukulungiselela ngokucokisekileyo kusisiseko sayo nayiphi na ingxubusho ephumelelayo. Qala ngokuhlanganisa ingxelo epheleleyo: zonke iileta, iingxelo, iisaziso zokuva, ucatshulo olusemthethweni, kunye nayo nayiphi na imiqathango enikwayo ngaphambili. Hlola imimiselo yolawulo, imimiselo, nemimiselo, kunye neenkqubo zomaziko ukuchaza amandla nobuthathaka bawo omabini amacala. Ukuba le meko ibandakanya imiba yobugcisa (umz., ukuthobela ukusingqongileyo, ukufezekisa kwezempilo, okanye izigwebo zemali), ukukhangela kwiingcali ezichaphazelekayo ukukhangela ukuphikisana.

Phumisela i- BATATNA. IBHATNA yakho yinto eyenzekayo ukuba uhamba ngaphandle [1] ngokungathi uva ngaphaya kwesigqibo esisesikweni. Ukwazi oko kukunceda ugqibe isakhiwo esisezantsi omele usenze. Uhlalutyo olunenkcukacha lwe BATNA luqinisa ukuthembeka kwakho kuba uyakwazi ukuchaza isizathu sokuba izicelo zingakhutshwa ngaphandle kokubonakala zingekho. Udweliso olupheleleyo lwezigqibo olulandelwa sisigqibo esisesikweni. Ukwazi oko kukunceda ugqibele ukuthatha isakhiwo esisezantsi omele usamkele. [FTNA]

Ngokulandelayo, lungiselela uphakamiso lobungqina olucwangcisiweyo noo-tab bamaphepha angundoqo. Oku kungaquka iingxelo zolwazi, iingxelo zobungqina, okanye ubalo olubonisa umonakalo okanye iindleko zokuthobela. Ukuba nako ukubhekisa ngokukhawuleza uxwebhu kuqinisa indawo yakho kwaye kubonise ukuba ukulungele ukulingela ukuba akukho sabelo sifikelelweyo. Ngokufanayo: dwelisa ixesha lakho ongenakukwazi ukuvuma ububi obunokubangela ukunyuswa kwetyala, okanye umbutho ungaze usohlwaye isohlwayo somso somqathango.

Yakha Ummandla Ongumlinganiselo Olinganayo

Ubuchule bokuva bungachitheka lula kwiingxoxo zokulungisa, kodwa abasebenzi abasebenzayo baguqula isandi ngokukhutheleyo besiya kwintsebenziswano. Qala ngokuvuma imbono yelinye icala, nokuba awuvumelani. Iintetho ezilula ezifana nethi “Ndiyaqonda ukuba kutheni umbutho ujonge le ngxaki njengebalulekileyo” ingakukhupha ukhuseleko kwaye ivule ucango ekucombululeni ingxaki. Ukujolisa kwi-ingxaki [[FLT: 0]] ezibangela ulwamdla kunokuba uthathele indawo izibakala zecala ngalinye lisithi liyafuna; izilangazelelo ziphantsi kweemfuno, uloyiko, neenjongo.

Ukuphulaphula ngenyameko kubalulekile apha. Kumele uchaze oko omnye umntu akuthethayo ukuqinisekisa ukuqonda: “Ngoko ke ukuba ndikuva kakuhle, inkxalabo yakho eyintloko kukuqinisekisa ukuba amanyathelo okuthobela kwixesha elizayo akhona, hayi ukufumana isohlwayo.” Le ndlela, inconyelwa ziingcali zokunxibelelana njengo udweliso lwenkqubo kwiSikolo soMthetho saseHarvard , iyakuqinisekisa ukuba ugcino-lwazi lukho, kwaye isoloko ityhila umahluko ofihlakeleyo. Ukuba lonke unxibelelwano lunentlonelo kwaye luyakuphepha ukusebenzisa ulwimi olusebenzisa ingxube-mfo-mfono. Kwimi yolawulo, ummeli wesikommeli umele axolisane nomntu othetha naye ngexesha lokuphulaphula ngokwako.

Qwalasela ukudibanisa udweliso lwenkqubo okanye “intlanganiso yokubhudla” eyahlukileyo kwiingxoxo ezicwangcisiweyo. Esisithuba sobundindi sivumela amacala omabini ukuba ahlole ukhetho ngaphandle kokucela ukuba afumane indawo. Nokuba akukho sivumelwano siphuma ngoko nangoko, isandi somdibaniso singavelisa isiphumo esingcono kamva kwinkqubo.

Zazi Izinto Ofana Ngazo

Phezu kwazo nje iindawo eziphikisanayo, amaqela abaphathi basoloko esabelana ngeenjongo ezicatshuliweyo. Omabini amacala afuna ukuphepha ixesha, iindleko, nokungaqiniseki kokuva ngokupheleleyo. Zombini ezi zinto zingakhetha isigqibo esingamiselanga isikhokelo esibanzi. Ukuba impikiswano ibandakanya into elawulwayo, iziko linokuba nomdla wokuqinisekisa ukuba ikamva liyavumelana njengoko kunjalo ekusohlwayeni iziganeko zexesha elidlulileyo. Ingingqi equka icebo lokulungisa okanye ukuxelelwa ngethuba elithile isenokuzanelisa iphulo lolawulo lombutho kunye nomnqweno weqela lokuphepha isohlwayo.

Ukutyhila iinjongo eziqhelekileyo, buza imibuzo ephenduliweyo: “Yiyiphi iziphumo ezingenza oku kube yimpumelelo kwimbono yakho?” okanye“ Ziziphi iingozi ezikuthintela ekuzinziseni?" Mamela imixholo efana nesantya, imfihlelo, okanye ugcino lwezibonelelo. Iingenelo ezidityanisiweyo zomntu ngamnye [ kwizicelo zakho. Umzekelo, “Ukuba siyavuma ukuzalisekisa inkqubo yoqeqesho evumelanayo ngoJuni 30, ufumana uphuculo olubhaliweyo, kwaye siphepha ukuchaphazeleka kwento ethandwayo yokufumana into ebhaliweyo." Le mdla ngokuphuma izivumelwano ezinika izivumelwano eziqinileyo.

Sebenzisa Ubulula kunye nobuchule bokudala

Izikhundla eziphezulu zilutshaba lokuhlaliswa. Eyona nkcazelo ixabisekileyo yokuthelekisa isenokuba unayo kukukwazi ukucebisa ezinye iindlela ezingakhange ziqwalaselwe kwelinye icala. Kwimeko yolawulo, uludwe lwamagama okuhlaliswa anokuba maninzi kunasenkundleni. Cinga ngezi zinto zibalulekileyo:

  • [[UMTL:0] Izicwangciso okanye ucwangciso lwecangci xa igalelo lentlama lingasebenzi.
  • [[UMTHETHO: 0] Izibophelelo ezisekelwe kwi-asethi (umz., icandelo lesithathu lophicotho-zincwadi, iingxelo zekota, okanye iinguqu zabasebenzi) endaweni yokufumana isiqabu semali.
  • Ukugxothwa kogcino-lwazi apho ukuva kurhoxiswa xa iincopho ezithile zidibana.
  • iziphumo ezithe zafunyanwa zento ezilinganisela umlinganiselo wocholo ukuba uhlahlo lohlahlo lungaphumelelanga.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ukweyiseka komgaqo-ngxelo [ okhusela ulwazi olunovakalelo lweshishini kwizicelo zerekhodi zikawonke-wonke.
  • Utshintsho okanye utshintsho lwesenzo sombutho ophikiswayo ukutshintshisa ngokurhoxa kwesicelo sokuva.

Okukhona ninokuthetha ngenye indlela, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukufumana amagama amkelekileyo kumacala omabini. Kuphephe ukuchaza ingcamango yakho yokuqala njengesicelo sokugqibela. Endaweni yoko, yichaze njengenye indlela enokwenzeka: “Indlela enye esinokuyisingatha ngayo imbambano yokuthobela kukwixesha lokunika ingxelo ngokuzithandela." Ucinga ntoni ngale ndlela?" Oku kukhuthaza elinye iqela ukuba libandakanye ekucombululeni ingxaki kunokusuka nje ligatye isicelo sokuthatha isiphelo sokuthula.

Ukunyanzelisana Kwamandla Asemthethweni Nawasenyanisweni

Isandi esisebenzisanayo asithethi ukuba ufihla amandla akho. Abaququzeleli abaphumele phambili bazi ukuba baza kuqinisekisa nini na iimpikiswano zabo ezinamandla ngentlonelo. Lungiselela isishwankathelo esifutshane selona gunya lakho lifanelekileyo lomthetho nobungqina obuyinyaniso. Umzekelo, ukuba imizekelo yecandelo ixhasa indlela ochaza ngayo umthetho, nikeza ucatshulo olunxulumeneyo. Ukuba ingxelo ijongela phantsi ubalo lomonakalo wombutho, bonisa indlela ezi zinto ezizinjongo zazo kunokuzisongela: “Uphengululo lomntu oyingcali lubonisa ukuba isohlwayo sisekelwe kwimpazamo."

Xa ungenisa ubungqina, yenza oko ngesimemo sokuxubusha: “Ungandinceda ndiqonde indlela oyalela ngayo oku nendawo yakho?” Le ndlela igcina intsebenziswano ngexa ubeka umthwalo kwelinye iqela ukukhusela indlela ozimela ngayo. Ukuba isibonelelo sixhomekeke kubungqina obubuthathaka, zinokuba zikulungele ngakumbi ukuhlaliswa kunokuba zibekwe engozini yokuvalwa nguwonke-wonke-wonke. Icandelo leDimppecrection linika amaqhinga athengezelelekileyo okuzisa amandla asemthethweni ngaphandle kokulwa nokwanda kwengxabano.

Sebenzisa u-“Ewe, kunye...” Ubugcisa

Xa elinye icala liphakamisa ingongoma engathi ngokwenene bubuthathaka kwimeko yakho, yivume phambi kokuba ujikele kumandla akho. “Ewe, lo mthetho ungafundwa ngaloo ndlela, kwaye apha kutheni imbali yemithetho icebisa utoliko olwahlukileyo.” Oku kuthintela iingxoxo ekubeni yi-erom-mstyle kwaye kugcine ukuthembeka kwakho.

Yazi Ixesha Lokulalanisa

Uvumelwano olucwangcisiweyo luphawu lwamandla, hayi ubuthathaka. Isitshixo kukwazi into omele uyinikezele, xa, kwaye utshintshiselane ngento. Qala ngokuchonga izinto zexabiso eliphantsi . /Izinto ezinokubaluleka kakhulu kuwe kodwa ezisenokuba zibaluleke kwelinye icala. Ukunika ezi zakudala kungenza ububele kwaye kukhuthaze ukwenzeka kwakhona. Umzekelo, ukuvuma kummiselo omfutshane wesenzo sokulungisa kungaba nexabiso elincinane kuwe kodwa kubonise ukuba umba ophantsi wokuthengiswa kwesohlwayo.

Kubalulekile ngokufanayo ukuqaphela ixesha lokubambelela ngokuqinileyo. Ukuba uvuma kwangoko ugxeka uxanduva olungeyonto ingenangxaki, ubonakalisa ukuba amanye amagama abalulekileyo nawo asetafile. Endaweni yoko, libazisekisa uvumelo kwimiba ephezulu enzima de ube ufumane into enenjongo. Sebenzisa ukuba uthotho lwezijungqe: “Ukuba ungasinciphisa isisohlwayo kuX, singavumelana nophicotho-zincwadi.” Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba urhwebo ngalunye lucacile kwaye lulungelelene.

Lumka ulumkele ubuchule bokuthetha. Kuphephe ukwenza uvume ngokukhawuleza, okunokubonwa njengokuphelelwa lithemba, okanye ngokucotha kakhulu, okungaphazamisa omnye umntu. Umthetho wesandla: umvume ngamnye kufuneka ube mncinane kunowangaphambili, ubonise ukuba usondela kumda wakho. Okokugqibela, khumbula ukuba injongo ayikokuphumelela kuyo yonke incam kodwa kufikele kwibhunga elingcono kune BATNA yakho. Ngamaxesha onke bubuze: “Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba asizinzi? Ingaba oku kuvumelekile ukunikezela?

Zibhalwe Ngokucokisekileyo Esi sivumelwano

Kwanasemva kokuxhawulana, umsebenzi awusebenzi. Iindawo ezininzi zolawulo zifuna imvume esemthethweni kuMenzi wesigqibo wombutho, kumphathi-mikhosi we-Attorney, okanye kwanakwinkundla. Izivumelwano zequmrhu ziyingozi; ngaphandle kokuba la magama ancitshiselwe ekubhaleni nasekusayineni, kamva naliphi na icala lingathi aliqondani. Isivumelwano semali esiquka:

  • [[UMTL:0] Uchazo olucacileyo lwamaqela kunye nomzekelo (inani le procket, umhla, umba wesihloko).
  • Imiqathango epheleleyo yeso sakhiwo , iquka ucwangciso lokuhlawula, izenzo ezifunekayo, kunye nexesha elimisiweyo.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ibherifi yentengo ichaza ukuba yeyiphi na imicimbi esombululiweyo nokuba ngaba nayiphi na into efunwayo iyasinda.
  • Ulungiselelo lokuzithethelela [, ukuba lukhona, kunye nokungatyhileki okufunwa ngumthetho okanye ziirekhodi zikawonke-wonke.
  • [[UMTL: 0] IMiba yesigqibo ukwenzela ukungavisisani kwixesha elizayo malunga nokuzalisekisa (umz., imediation okanye uluvo oluxolelweyo).
  • [[UMTL: 0] Izithintelo zosayino kuwo onke amaqela okanye abameli bawo abagunyazisiweyo.

Ukuba isivumelwano sifuna ukuthobela okuqhubekayo, kuquka ukuphelisa igalelo okanye iimeko zokulungisa. Kuphephe ulwimi olungacacanga olufana “nemigudu"" "iiimbopheleleko zekonkrithi." omabini amacala kufuneka abe nethuba lokuhlola idrafti yokugqibela ngesiluleko. Xa etyikitywe, ukuva okulawulayo kungasuswa okanye kususwe ngekhethe. Uxwebhu olufanelekileyo lungathinteli ukungaqondani kuphela kodwa lunika indlela ecacileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba elinye icala aligqibekanga. Ingqungquthela elungileyo yemithetho ye-omatilo yeUnited States ikhuphe izindululo zezivumelwano zokwamfezeko ezinokuthi zisebenze njengemodeli eluncedo.

Iimpazamo Eziqhelekileyo Omele Uziphephe

Nangolona ndlela ilungileyo, abasebenzi bawela kwimigibe ehlala iingcambu.

  • [[UMTL: 0] Ukubhatala ukubandakanya abenzi besigqibo kwangoko. Ukuba umntu ophesheya kwetafile akanagunya lokwamkela intelekelelo yakho, uyachitha ixesha. Qinisekisa igunya ekuqaleni.
  • Ukuyeka iimvakalelo zigqithe uluvo. Ukuva kolawulo kusoloko kubandakanya izithintelo eziphezulu", intelekelelo, ifatyi, okanye igama eliphambili. Hlala ujolise ingqalelo kwizinto onomdla kuzo, hayi kwizikhalazo zobuqu.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ukuqaqamba imeko yakho. imfihlelo yokuqinisekisa ingakukhokelela ekuzityesheleni iintsilelo. Yiba nomntu othembekileyo osebenza naye odlala umxhasi kaMtyholi phambi kokuthethana.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ukunika ithuba lokugcina ulwazi. Amasebe amaninzi anika ukhuphiswano ngesisa okanye ngexabiso eliphantsi ngomntu osebenza nge-ombudsman okanye umntu wesithathu ongathathi cala. Ukusebenzisa ukuba iintetho ezithe ngqo zithe ji.
  • Ukungxamela ukutyikitya ngaphandle kophinda- phindo. Izindlu zolawulo zisoloko zinolwimi oluthi luwayeke amalungelo kwizibheno zexesha elizayo] qinisekisa ukuba uyaliqonda lonke icandelo.

Ixesha Lokuhamba

Ukuba elinye iqela alivumi ukuxubusha ngenye indlela okanye lifuna imvume engaphaya kwe-BATNA yakho, kungcono ukuba uqhubeke umva. Bhala nasiphi na isithembiso sokugqibela ngokubhala ukuze ugcine into enokwenzeka yokuba yamkeleka kamva. Ukuhamba kakuhle ngamanye amaxesha kungabuyisela elinye icala etafileni ngezicelo ezisengqiqweni.

Isiphelo

Ukusebenzisa iziqwenga ngexesha lokuchongwa kolawulo yinkqubo ecacileyo enika iingenelo zokulungiselela, ulwazelelelo, kunye nokubhetyebhetye. Ngokuqonda umongo okhethekileyo wombutho wakho, ukwakha umoya oncedisanayo, ukuqwalasela ezinye iinjongo ezifanayo, kunye nokuhlola ngekhono ezinye izinto, ungazifikelela izivumelwano ezinceda izilangazelelo zakho ngaphandle kwexabiso kunye nomngcipheko wokuva ngokupheleleyo. Khumbula ukubhala amagama okugqibela ngokucacileyo kwaye ukulungele ukuhamba ukuba ulwakheko lumbi kakhulu kunolunye uhlobo. Ngala maqhinga, ujika i-adversari anamandla aqhubekela kwindlela esebenzayo ukuya kwisigqibo.